2008-10-22 02:56:00
Tue Oct 21, 7:17 pm ET
Eat fast, eat until full to get super-sized AFP/File McDonald's french fries.
People who gobble down their food and eat until they feel full are three
PARIS (AFP) People who gobble down their food and eat until they feel full
are three times more likely to get fat compared with people who eat slowly and
modestly.
So say Japanese researchers in a study that suggests shifting patterns of
behaviour, driven by the advent of fast food and cheap food, are widely to
blame for the obesity pandemic.
Osaka University's Hiroyasu Iso and colleagues recruited 1,122 men and 2,165
women aged between 30 and 69 and asked them to closely track their eating
habits and body mass index (BMI), a benchmark of obesity.
Around half of the men, and just over half of the women, said they ate until
they were full.
Just under half of the men, and a little more than a third of the women, said
they ate quickly.
Men and women who ate until full were twice as likely to be overweight compared
with counterparts who did not eat until full.
Those who ate both quickly and to satiety were three times likelier to be
overweight.
"The combination of the two eating behaviours had a supra-additive effect on
being overweight," the team say in their paper, published online Tuesday by the
British Medical Journal (BMJ).
The study distinguished between people who ate until full and those who
reported binge-eating. Intriguingly, it found those who ate until full had in
fact a higher calorie intake than those who gorged.
In a commentary, also carried by the BMJ, Australian nutrionists Elizabeth
Denney-Wilson and Karen Campbell suggested that the drive to eat quickly is a
genetic survival mechanism -- humans are hardwired to overconsume energy when
it is available.
This mechanism has run into problems, though, with food that is cheap and
instantly available and eaten swiftly, they argued.
"It may be that the changing sociology of food consumption, with fewer families
eating together, more people eating while distracted (for example, while
watching television), and people eating 'fast food' while on the go all promote
eating quickly," said Denney-Wilson and Campbell.
"Furthermore, the increased availability of relatively inexpensive food, which
is more energy-dense and served in substantially larger portions, may promote
eating beyond satiety."