2600 r NOVEMBER, 1986 VOLUME THREE. LUMBER ELEVEN $2 ^CM— more than a bargain by John FrMiiifirt Hud Emmanuel < Hrvlrfcsteiri Losi month, we printed a stoiy on ;i eortlpuny called ICN, Tlii’ month, we have more details whseh may prove ij$e]u3. The Independent Communications Network supposedly all ows yon to ma ke all the ealLs you waist for !i tiX) a mouth , To sifin up for this, you need a sponsor. You can also, if vou choose, sponsor ether people. If you manage to convince SOonebody to use this system, you make 125, If that person convinces someone else, they mate $25 tind you make S5, Jt JIOOS down si* levels, so the maximum you can make is £50 on one sale. Rut there V no limit to how many sates vou can mate. Tlia t's how that end of tlse dea I works. Some iieople who sign up for ICIN choose tite ''marketing plan " which is what was just described, Olheis choose both this and phone service (which is referred 1o as “purtylinc service" 1 ), And some just ehoose to use the phone service alone. We called ICN Jo ask a bout sign ing up, The person at tin: other end said 1 hut if ice wanted to sign up, wed be given a n SOfl number to call to get our dial tone, Everyone gets the same StKJ number, If iTs bsi^y or if it rings more than once, the customer must hung up and try again. fie said straight oul thill we probably wouldn't jf?et through the first time. Lie said on the average you have to redial for about l^-ti m mutes to get the dial fOtte, He said that evenings were very busy and it wasn't a good idea Lo try then. "What a bunt duy£Twe asked. “They're busy too," he said, Whal TCN is d bing is reselling ATT's WAIN hncs. This in itself isn't illegal, Rut ICN is estLmatct! to have over &.UOO customers, fubtl only 54 lines- for thei r long distance network, ] t would be quite a trick to find ou! how many customers ICN resti? has. All personnel seem to take offense at this question, TCN was sLarted in Wautoma, Wisconsin on July r$, lf?Sb. It didn't hike Long for complaints to roll Into the Wisconsin Public Service Commission, In September, ICN relocated in Cody, Wyoming, The representative told us tifcU there is no corporate i ncome tax. in Wyoming. ICN saves a Int hy never sending out hills. The S 100 is due on the last WOrkingduy of the month. Presumably, LftbeydonH get pii id , youraocess code is shut off. There is a Iso another method, which is a [idle (tightening. They subscribe to a service known ns Cher ko matte, which will a utornattealLy take .£ 1 00 On L of your cheeking account every month! We have yet to find anyone who has successfully completed a call an this system, or even gotten a dial tone. The SOfl number we oh l-i lined never stops ringing, And not all the Complaints come from irate customers who can't geL through. In TCN^ first ad campaign, they £ive an example of a WATS number. The number was given presumably so customers or sellers could see what fi real lsiX> number looks like, Tlie number they gave, 800*1 CN-FK EB belonged to the Life Control Institute in New Jersey. 1.0 was stuck paying for every call that people made to the sample SOU number, thinking they could yet free phone mils. Eventually I he people f rom LCI sent ICN a letter requeuing that they pay for their share of the WATS hill, bid ICN' never sent a response. Accord ing (o the representative, customers tuive at) davs to claim a refund, Ele also told us tluiL once you did get through, T4il them were three possible ways your call could bs: Completed. The find was optie-fiher, which g;ive the best connection. The "second was FX copper, which was fairly good. I he third was A TJfcT W ATS . which he said was the worst and that you could bandy busir the person pa Ihe other end. The company has some kind of a deal worked out with AT&T in which they gel more lines put in as they get more customers, Their codes are six digits Ihtlgand oils can lie made to anywhere Ln the United Stales, Including Alaska, Hawaii, awl c1l<: V i.rgin Islands. Calls t;mY be made from A laska or tc Canada or Mexico. THI1 1- IK Si r ISSUE of ICN k newsletter, “Party line 7 But Jhc party may be a surprise for subscribers— buried un tha back of One of their ‘Tippticatsoji 1 ' forms in tiny print is (Ik fact that commissions arc nol paid to yoir for any custonwrs you sign up, but only on customers that also pledge U, be salesmen. If you sijyi up for Jhe service, you may discover a whole worlil yf simitar surprises. Specifics We did a lillle detective work on ICN and this is what we came up with. The General Manager Is Larty Hartsougb. the President is John Heeg.and the Vice President is Robert Booh. The current address tor ICN corporate headquarters is 808 Meadow Drive, Cody, Wyoming 824 14. At this address rhev Itave 25 lines allocated as follows: .SO 7-5 8 7 -47 DO to 09 j s Lhc customer service deparhnent. As of Monday, November 3. (here wax only fi live line hum sequence. 470 [ .6. 7, 11,0 are being eliminated. They have another ten-line bunt sequence; 307-587- 47.10 lo 39. Wc suspect Lhis is used for sales people to cal! ip regarding sates t(ui L have just been completed, On these lints, (conlinut'-d on page 3-88) MASTERING THE NETWORKS by John Anderson ] tie dearie to allow computers to lii.IV to each other Lias given way to a mu Ltitude of networkscaeh having the ir own protocol arid characteristics . These dive™ neLworks-are liJL gaiewfiyod CO each olher such that a truer on any one of Chest* networks tan ootnmimkaite wild a user on .another network. In a sense- the networks themselves are nel worked lopelhcr. In this article, we will at tempi to untangle Ihc wires connecting there networks and examine the ARPAnet* RTTNF.T, CSnct, Mail net, UUCP network, a nd tlicir gate ways. The ARPAnel is perhaps the most well known of alJ the networks. 1 he ARPAnel is funded by Ihe Advance Research Projects Association (Department of Defense) and exists 10 allow else various research institutions to shine both resources and information. All types of machines running every imaginable operating sysCem Lue on th is network. Havi ng an account on a machine which is an AKPAneL nude is Uifi most desirable position lo be in front a networking standpoint. This situation is advantageous heenuse the ARPAnel hits gateways, to ail of Ihe networks we will discuss, Because of tins and some properties we will discuss later, the ARP A net has also been termed the IntcrNct. Physically, ARPAnel nodes arc con ucctcd by dedicated data lines and use theTCP, 1 ' 1 P protocol lor Communical ions. The T CP: I P protocol is one of the most popular and veisatik networking protocols currently available. TrP;' 1 I s was made popular by the ARPAnet and evolved Or'i it, A node on Lhe ARPAnel CUP remotely login to, send mail to, and transfer flics with any other node cm the network d Lnsciiy. This is Lite only network which allows a nscr to remotely login to all of the nodes on the network. The hacking possibilities for a user nn this network arc almost unlimited. The Network [ n for paction Center computer which is available to ARPAnel users is ihe idlblMXe network resource. Et provides abundant information about the ARPAnel and Hie various gateway sites-. A user on the ARPAnet can contact NIC by using Uk command TELNET to ope i'l a e 0 n n c c t i n n w i t h SRUNJC.ARPA. The BITNET is sbuLim Lt> lhe ARP, A net in that it alsn uses dedicated lines for communications, The solidarities end ilsere because instead of the TCP,' l P protocol the 1M t'NET uses 1 he Rf>C?s (Remote Source Control System} protocol. This network was originally composed Of IR-d mainframes and mlnicomputcTS due to its Lise of lhe RSCS protocol which is exclusively IRM’s, Recently RSUS emulators have become available for machines running VMS and UNIX . Scvcml rrnn- 1EM machines have joined the R1TNET using these emuLitors and many shall follow. It is doubtful* however, that the RITN ET will ever support aLI of the features tha L lhe AR P Ariel boa si s since 1 lie RSCS protocol is very restrictive. The BITNET only supports electronic moil and tile transfer between its nodes. It is noi possible for one node to remotely login to another. Inrpii rics about the Rl'I'N ET can lie add netsed to: Edncom ttitiLH'f Network Information Center P.O. Box 364 Princeton, N.l M5Jt Phone: 734.1878 1 he CSnel or PhuneNel is u network of uilivcnsity computes sciencedepartmems and other research institutions. The CS net Ls radically different from the networks mentioned above in that every node on tile network Is only connected to the relay node (CSNET -RELAY) . The connection to th is centra) node is not via a dedicated Sine but via d ia l-up phone Lines. Periodically (usually once a day) the CSNET-REl AY will call each node cm (lie network to sec if there arc any messages to be transferred . This type of network Architecture gave the CSnct its second name, PhoneNel. The CSitet Only supports elect ionic mail and is not Likely to ever support any other network functions if it d nes, not cha ngc Its method of networking. The CSnel is run by Bolt Re ranch and Newman Inc. and can be contacted at the following addieis: Roll Rcranck and New man Eire. 10 Moulton, Street Cambridge, MA 0213k PI, one: (617} 4*7-2777 A network similar to Lhe CSnei is lhe MaiLnel. Apparently tins network only supports tlie transfer of uui U, Al liiis luue ike ty|ie nf network structure and machines using this network ate unknown to lhe author, However, it would notheunreasonahk to assume that this network uses a Structure similar 10 live C-Rnet’s. Please address any additional information about Mailnet to this mugarine. Pe rhaps the Largest and most loosely structured network is Lhe UUCP uei work. This network lias nodes ill Canada, Japan. Europe, Australia, Lind many oLher Courtl riiis. The UUCP network is composed exclusively of machines running lhe UNTX operating system. The network uses dial-up phone lines for Lhe transmission of dt'tia And UsCS tlic UUCP protocol. U LT CP (U nix to U nix Copy Program) is found on every system running Unix and systems need only establish a connection with one system on the network lo become a fuSly functioni ng node. The transfer of mail to any node nn the network is supported. Remote Logins mid file transfers me only supported with your direct neighbors. With SO many different networks, a need ibr inter-network oommt, nkmions arose. Gateways aic the bridges which link these networks together. Gateway sites a re sites which reside on two nr more networks. these gateways allow for the transfer of mail messages fr ont one net work to another. They do not allow (amtimiod on /Wgr 3-bb) 3-ai rvr 'e-y- Voice of Reagan Tortures Patients Kojin A Republican plnn In pin one larpeto! voters with ,l pre- recorded irtc&iSji.t tioirt Prealflerit KotaaLd Reapair bark fined fpifcri critica lly iJI potlenls at Mesquite Community 1 Eospiial in Tfitas were inundated with Mil calls fin rvsarly lour hours. N iitscs jtilI > i;-: i C Li r i iif the hospital'll IhLesisifVt CMC ward, wL-.ii y of auawej iuc telephomp every few mimites only in hear the presidential tt ■: ; ■ . savl Miuy I inally took nil polkut tdcphoitei otf i In' book on a ldwqL Saturday niphl . "Tlverewerr a lot [nfcnlkjand they were very opj;;uv.aLing. 3 :1 like Id fcuOw wild did. it" Said bob (iritfLCH, riEdiX-ialC admPnistmtnrof the suburban Dallas hospital. A KpOkmartait for Lho Ki'p'.ihkeuii National Committee said Ibe party wee crying, to e neoumfuc voter turnout in the election, but did not intend to press for votes among ssek petiole. Ihr Lejenbimc ljI ts WCct .cciici :i led by computers- dikl WCiO supposed 1o ff> only to enrolled Republicans- nnd Ren^m siipparters in spreilie iitui of 23 status, bul m>( Tewas., lie said. [So maybe it wpa Kcags.ii himselfl frcs-klctHs pjet bored 1oo„0 FBI Actions Anger Parents I ■■ t ml "4p w. !’J tin M utc llia'i a. year after the I 'll I sebed computer ciqmpnienL used by 23 NiifLli COun.ty ((.’ili/omia) teenagers. there have been fid acres Li a fid r.s> Charges— jlesL a number of arfgty price rats, {In October 55, NKJ, ift MSI agents, armed wilh search warrants, eoufetaied computers, Keyboards, modems, and software from homos ip Vista, Ei-spund id u. Oceanside, Carlsbad, Poway, and kanclm Prna.'KpjitDS (all in Saulhem Laliforili3.il. "Rie FEU alleged tlsat (lie leens bnd used their eompuiers to illr^ally tap into n financial dr.lohite peed by the Chnse Manhattan Rank. I lie irtvfsLigatLdrl has now ended, with the icertagcn signing deterred prosccul ion agcccihciLle stating 1 hat if tltcy do not ■comm it nnyorinset wiLliin the ytstr. they will not he pro* edited . "J be government Iras J:o the computer gar. U S. Attorney Peter Nnryer is confident thru if the rose ever earn a tu Lriat, Lhe youths wiruld be convactcd . ”1 LliinK justice was done," Nun.cz said. "1 don't tliiitk it was necessary to convict people or tty them, When we got thetr attention, they IsisicnLly acknowledged the problems had been CicalCd and they walked away. It's unfortenaic they still Wasil to carry on ihe buttle in ibe press." fieverat of Ihc 'LTnagem and Lhcir parcr Is in LIili: IltsL intcTviewsahout theease— saylbere was no iudkfUiopllmllbc rialabnse was reslricleit. Tbey nee alsnupsuL about the ciyndacL of Use Fist; they nslted Ibat tlycir onmes fiot be ncsica hj. "ireflhePUrn^entl accused n n(5 bniassed my son and snid if hie Latkid abisut it Lis anyone, he'd be accused ;;l uhsLraction of joslioE," said unc p.ircul. TIk FBI denies tlia.1 its asents acred rudely. "Any lime a warrant is served, jienjilc feel sinctirnlHHlabki. 3 llsiisk anyoiicwoulil, 'said FBI apoksoicffn) Gan y Losuruo. "Our n ty-nts are Kenllemen, Ibuy do not intimidate people, they diin'! araic people.' [3 lay sure don't af-tuC uil] One tecnajver, who was al chinch when Ibe Pitt came knocking, sail! thal his mtiLhcf and an I [II a^etiL come Lu the ebukb In ^et him. 1 Le saitl Lbat iL was Only 'Ofied Lite KJStstaiLCd Lit qiHist iiOU lin'd that the ifalLtCd v.'lial Ji'j bail bmb aOOUBCd of. " i'Jicrc was no way to know tliot it was a hip.b-kvd syftem used bya hank,"he sn : d. “The-ycnded up by Selling me I was in a lOL of LiOuble. " The trouble bad all tsnrletL mgnlbs earlier, secieTol teens cesntend. when a tnll-lfee r.nnibrr on an d I Kilobit hijBctiii boaid .e,v,'L' tltcro bokss to an uifkbov,yi ay stern. That unknown system litrned out to b* the mnssive I user. h i is i! Dola Corporation, iiHed hytip to 21JXKI eiisknners wbo pay Isjt access to its fiiiantciaL ibftWJiation. Unkpown users had Uttib tappilffi ibtolhe system and chanfirg password's. I? 1 it holh sciuths and parents say lliat the ICCifS WCtC enct»itag«5 to use UlC system and wem given an account ki Access. "You liad Ihc telephone number nnrt thecode name, then you OOncccCtd with the system. " said one poaCdl. "At aCellC poifit,, there would be a 2iClp OJWLatOt who WOUll) dcpl with you. Thm peraofi would offer apy kind of help ypn would wnnL. "Why would they nsk how enu wc help you and eaplaui differmt pnris of the system, ami literally ask i:iy SOU 30 Call haekV Ll was an esl rcbldy friendly altil'.lde, [f they had even OlfCC told him Ihcy didn't want him on the system. It would 3iaVC been diLlcrcjiL. 1 " CJpe parent Ihoupht the system Included panics and an encyclopedia ard Lliat iyatCs'iL OWiSCfa fVOtild cvontnalty nsk them La puieltase th.e servioe- They kind the trap on. Ibey wanlei! the kids to caLI, Llity were afrnid they bad n hacker un tbc system. 1 kitOW if sounds Yinrve and sLupid but nOnC of tllC porcbts knew " > unez labels as "’nonsense" Lbe iijea lbat Lbe kens did not know rhev had tapped into a niajoi iLiLabatC. "Allof these kids were (tetl inn ' ntoa compiler that they knew they should not have, 1 " he said. “WbeLbCC Lhcy tiBW all Lite tCH or it is just a hunch of nonsense. YOU jest don't c-j fiiuimnf;i|'ip r around ni other people's property," L Iff t-cens Hbd tltfir pn rentssny thcf’h.sse ManhaLlmi system find Absolutely no warning or name on Lhe system cstJCpf LllC identifying Clide "I DC !17D" ktcsplam Lls.'.L this was fi private, financial database. ■"[hfiC WSa Ito wnrbidfk" S-n id one: morhf t. "’[f an yon? wmabl hnvo-tnid gel off, ymi’re breaking, Llie iiw, dies WOdhl ISStUC Ifcvcr happen cd." "'It would hnse been Tnnuy, [f it wnsnY si> terrify inp,"jrvjL her parent mid of lhe iceslenL. "[ ke|iL Lluuliil^ tl ki i will l>C Alt afstlogy ami well ail laugh abOOL si, lrt.it libit will never happrn." “O'- imd "Z” Controversy Rages rrT-imHYrvi Mtvsl people never isoticed they were mining, hut (I COIbpiUCi' eoniuHiinL lYon'i Laiiibttlvllle, New Jency calls Lt unfair lbat the letters "Q"and "7" have been lefl off tiff ICSepIlPftC dial. JSernard Kiskin, operating under thn name ''Qurnt in £yjyuu ndt", « thf OiganizCr o3 “CiLiccns Quest to Squcevjc tj nnd Z Bnck Onlp tlw Teiepfrioitc Oial". He sorr tek|ihuiie makers are d iscrimiuai iuj; nguirut n Ippse number of bueJitKa-ta. Rukln said it’s haul to come up wilb a oitchy vanity mimher— most of which are actually wordt— foe pirva shups Olid bar lteeue icsiatinniLs without a cnmpirfR alplanrl, " Atulrak 's numhcrii J -COO-US A-ll A LL, but die it V uo’Q’or ■Z'Otf! die telephone dial to spelt out Firm. Queen or B-B-Q." he Hlid. Tt iskiiij 5$, hns writleia 1o New Jersey Bell, Bi ll Atlantic, and si a otbeT telephone oompaniEsanound lb? coutlljy tiyinfilO-pCt Lhe lettera On Llie telephone dials and bul Ions, New Jersey BdJ epokcewntiia.iL LynCLLe Vivian! said no one Acer complained, about the m issing letter* before. "'Vs'e coulditY slctlLify Where in history it was determined what Letters wmild go on what buflOLIS." she said. Bdl the ItUlhbCT 1 is reserved Lee ai es code use and 41 is reserved for the op;rntuT, she said, Uniter Ibe old Rell system, CtfephoriC liaLillJ3 bcputwitli Lwo leLters, followed by live number* Few tAelianges bc^su with "Q" or "7," so those letters vaiceoc: lefl off Ibe dia Is. Ms. Vjviaiu said. “W'o ikiw assign trlepborw- listings by numbers., not letters. 1 " altc anid. I lie cliange would have to be made on l he *et itself, Wtilcll is st.sndmd tbroiifillOUl tile natLon and piubably elsewhere, she aaid. [Pizza Cuecn?] 3-83 Letters You Wrote T>Vir2m\ An; there still any hard-core Tclenel luit k^rK out theft? Aft yuu Lired of Telenet dropping La n ier on you after x dumber of aics? Tlttn use DunsncL! I found these ?i umbers originally puslcd us Unix; d ial-ups, but found them to he Dunsnct access number*, Tbns ^ prompt on Dimsnet looked familiar so ] tried SOar'ie Teknct addresses and they we it the- sum: as Telenet. Here ft I'C the numbers: 6 E 2-493-0294, 612-893-0296 2AM6T5222 Amwleiis Dftir Amadeus; Thanks for the info. However, we found that Duwnel drops Harriet on users too a! no a cerium number of unsuccessful tries, Ami not ail the adiim'ses are the sitme, f or instance, typing MA 11 .won't get yoi i Telemail as It will on Tchou-t, but another type of system. There also seem to be more commands, Typing if LLP reveals some of them. Dear Itififr- I In trying to find nul what my ANT is, Om you help? frustrated in Minmi Dear FI M : AN Is (Automatic Number Identification) come in many shows and, -tires. Qursis9SB. Other people must dial 31 1 «, hear their phone number read hack to diem. Others we've heard of ary 1223, 114, 4102222, and even 1 -200-555-1 21 2. We d appreciate hearing any others from our readers. It might act unity he easier m some eases to find out from thy operator when you Ye no! sure what your number Is. They won V t?H you on many occasions due ro ‘'privacy "considerations, hut one way around that it to act life a repairman and request the J drop line ID This, we V told, usually works. Dtur 2600 : T his comes from a Pacific Roll bdl insert: “A new prefix, S 1 1 , w i 1.1 soon be a vaila bk for you to call you: Pacific Bc3L busJn*su office toll-free from any area served b v us. All our business office numbers will be replaced by toll-free numbers with an 8 1 f prefix.. “If your PaeRell business office numbers changed to an -6 11 prefix, the titw prefix and number will appear on your telephone bill. “After tbi* change, you only difiJ 811-XXXX front Tmv PacRcll a re li in the state to reach your local office toll-free. However, iJ you aft culling from ail area where 1+ dialing is required, you must continue to dull the [ before dialing the Kven. d igit 8 3 E number. “Some ot you who have special i/.ed equipment could have a problem in dialing ihe 811 prefix, You may need to contact youi vendor. Until equipment modificatkin is unade, you mav continue dialing the (lid business office nmnbcrs available from 411, 'This change will save you the cost t>f a (pit cull to Paclkll when a call is made to all non-Inca I offices, (Today, calls (o our hi) s a iv normally tn 1 1 free from a customc r's home or bus:nc.y> areaj’ h Reader on (lie Pacific Dear Header: Something else wiitc.k is popping up in many places it thy. ability to choose your operators. Generally, dialing one ft "will get yon iwf heal operator, i.y, New York Telephone, New Jersey dell. Dialing “QQfwill get you m AT& T operator. The local, operators are used for making eollee.i, third party, and credit yardi alls to 'local areas whereas A T&. T operators handle longer distane.es, We presume they both dan;- the same eapah t lit lev, iifi i If rt 1 1 en t- w iff. . 3-44 Dear 2