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=                            Elektronika                             =
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                             Introduction                             
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Electronika, also spelt Elektronika and Electronica, () is the brand
name used for many different electronic products built by factories
belonging to the Soviet Ministry of Electronic Industry, including
calculators, electronic watches, portable games, and radios. Many
Electronika designs were the result of efforts by Soviet engineers,
who were working for the Soviet military-industrial complex but were
challenged with producing consumer goods which were in great shortage
in the Soviet Union. The brand is still in use in Belarus.


                             Calculators                              
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Electronika MK-71
Most notable is a line of calculators, which started production in
1968.  The Electronika calculators were produced in a variety of sizes
and function sets, ranging from large, bulky four-function calculators
to smaller models designed for use in schools operating on a special,
safer 42V standard (like the MK-SCH-2).  As time progressed,
Electronika calculators were produced that supported more advanced
calculations, with some of the most recent models even offering full
programmability and functionality similar to today's American-designed
graphing calculators.

The Electronika brand is now used by Novosibirsk RPN programmable
calculators Electronika MK-152 (:ru:Электроника МК-152) and
Electronika MK-161 (:ru:Электроника МК-161).


                              Computers                               
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The following Electronika computers used a Soviet Intel-compatible
CPU:
* MS 1502, MS 1504 - XT clone
* KR-series (01/02/03/04) - mass production of popular Russian 8-bit
homebrew RK-86 (:ru:Радио 86РК)

The following Electronika computers used a Soviet CPU, compatible with
PDP-11:
* Electronika 60
* UKNC
* DVK - clone of SM EVM, stripped for mass production to satisfy
general scientific and R&D needs
* BK-0010 and BK-0011M - stripped and low-cost version of DVK,
targeted at teenagers and home users


                           Electronic toys                            
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Model names for Electronika-branded Nintendo Game & Watch clones
start with IM (ИМ 'Игра Микропроцессорная', Russian acronym for
"'microprocessor based game'").

The known models include:
* IM-02 Nu, Pogodi! (1984) - Nintendo EG-26 'Egg'
* IM-03 Mysteries of the Ocean (1989) - Nintendo OC-22 'Octopus'
* IM-04 Merry Cook (1989) - Nintendo FP-24 'Chef'
* MG-09 Space Bridge (1989) - Nintendo FR-27 'Fire'
* MG-13 Explorers of Space (1989)
* IM-18 Fowling (1989)
* IM-22 Merry Footballer (1989)
* MG-50 Amusing Arithmetics (1989)
* IM-23 Car Slalom (1991)
* IM-50 Space Flight (1992)

Post-1992 versions:
* I-01 Car Slalom
* I-02 Merry Cook
* I-03 Space Bridge
* I-04 Fisher Tom-Cat
* I-05 Naval Combat
* I-06 Just you wait!
* I-07 Frog boaster
* I-08 Fowling
* I-09 Explorers of Space
* I-10 Biathlon
* I-11 Circus
* I-12 Hockey
* I-13 Merry Footballer
* I-14 Night Thiefes
* I-15 Mysteries of the Ocean

Original series:
* IM-29 Chess Partner

IM-11 Lunokhod was a clone of Bigtrak toy tank, a programmable
battery-powered toy vehicle made by Milton Bradley Company.


 Reel-to-reel 
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* 100S (1970, portable stereo)
* ТА1-003 Stereo (1980)
* 004 Stereo
* MPK 007 S (1987)


 Cassette 
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* 203-S (1980, portable stereo)
* 204-S (1984, stereo deck)
* MH-205 stereo (1985, car stereo player)
* 206-stereo
* 211-S (1983, portable stereo)
* 301 (1972, portable)
* 302, 302-1, 302-2 (1974 till 1990s, portable)
* 305 (1984, portable)
* 306 (1986, portable stereo)
* 311-S (1977, portable stereo)
* 321/322 (1978, portable)
* 323/324 (1981, portable)
* M-327 (1987, portable)
* M-334S (1990, portable stereo component system with detachable
recorder M-332S)
* М-402S (1990, pocket stereo)
* Elektronika-mini (199?, pocket stereo)


                            External links                            
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*
[https://web.archive.org/web/20040902090749/http://www.taswegian.com/MOSCOW/soviet.html
Museum of Soviet Calculators On the Web (MOSCOW)]
* [http://www.netgrafik.ch/elektronika-watches.htm Collection of
Electronika watches]
* [http://www.netgrafik.ch/elektronika.htm Article on Electronika
watches]
* [http://www.leningrad.su/museum/main.php?lang=0 Soviet Digital
Electronics Museum]


 License 
=========
All content on Gopherpedia comes from Wikipedia, and is licensed under CC-BY-SA
License URL: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/
Original Article: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektronika


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