💾 Archived View for gem.sdf.org › s.kaplan › cheatsheets › subjects › mathematics-and-physics › topo… captured on 2024-08-31 at 12:52:29.

View Raw

More Information

⬅️ Previous capture (2023-09-28)

-=-=-=-=-=-=-

# Topology Cheatsheet

## Basic Concepts
- Topology studies properties of space that are preserved under continuous transformations such as stretching and bending.
- A topological space is a set with a collection of open sets that satisfy certain axioms.
- A subset of a topological space is called closed if its complement is open.

## Topological Spaces
- A topological space is a set X with a collection T of subsets of X called open sets.
- The empty set and X are both open sets.
- The intersection of any finite number of open sets is an open set.
- The union of any number of open sets is an open set.

## Continuous Functions
- A function between two topological spaces is continuous if the preimage of every open set is open.
- A homeomorphism is a bijective continuous function with a continuous inverse.

## Compactness
- A topological space is compact if every open cover has a finite subcover.
- A subset of a topological space is compact if it is compact as a topological space with the subspace topology.

## Connectedness
- A topological space is connected if it cannot be expressed as the union of two non-empty disjoint open sets.
- A subset of a topological space is connected if it is connected as a topological space with the subspace topology.

## Manifolds
- A topological manifold is a topological space that is locally Euclidean.
- A differentiable manifold is a manifold with a differentiable structure.

## Resources
- [Topology on Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Topology)
- [Topology and Geometry by Glen E. Bredon](https://www.springer.com/gp/book/9780387909213)
- [Topology by James Munkres](https://www.pearson.com/us/higher-education/program/Munkres-Topology-2nd-Edition/PGM119237.html)