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STRTOUL(3)                                                              Linux Programmer's Manual                                                             STRTOUL(3)

NAME
       strtoul, strtoull, strtouq - convert a string to an unsigned long integer

SYNOPSIS
       #include <stdlib.h>

       unsigned long strtoul(const char *restrict nptr,
                             char **restrict endptr, int base);
       unsigned long long strtoull(const char *restrict nptr,
                             char **restrict endptr, int base);

   Feature Test Macro Requirements for glibc (see feature_test_macros(7)):

       strtoull():
           _ISOC99_SOURCE
               || /* Glibc <= 2.19: */ _SVID_SOURCE || _BSD_SOURCE

DESCRIPTION
       The  strtoul() function converts the initial part of the string in nptr to an unsigned long value according to the given base, which must be between 2 and 36 in‐
       clusive, or be the special value 0.

       The string may begin with an arbitrary amount of white space (as determined by isspace(3)) followed by a single optional '+' or '-' sign.  If base is zero or 16,
       the  string  may then include a "0x" prefix, and the number will be read in base 16; otherwise, a zero base is taken as 10 (decimal) unless the next character is
       '0', in which case it is taken as 8 (octal).

       The remainder of the string is converted to an unsigned long value in the obvious manner, stopping at the first character which is not a valid digit in the given
       base.  (In bases above 10, the letter 'A' in either uppercase or lowercase represents 10, 'B' represents 11, and so forth, with 'Z' representing 35.)

       If  endptr  is  not  NULL, strtoul() stores the address of the first invalid character in *endptr.  If there were no digits at all, strtoul() stores the original
       value of nptr in *endptr (and returns 0).  In particular, if *nptr is not '\0' but **endptr is '\0' on return, the entire string is valid.

       The strtoull() function works just like the strtoul() function but returns an unsigned long long value.

RETURN VALUE
       The strtoul() function returns either the result of the conversion or, if there was a leading minus sign, the negation of the result  of  the  conversion  repre‐
       sented  as  an  unsigned  value, unless the original (nonnegated) value would overflow; in the latter case, strtoul() returns ULONG_MAX and sets errno to ERANGE.
       Precisely the same holds for strtoull() (with ULLONG_MAX instead of ULONG_MAX).

ERRORS
       EINVAL (not in C99) The given base contains an unsupported value.

       ERANGE The resulting value was out of range.

       The implementation may also set errno to EINVAL in case no conversion was performed (no digits seen, and 0 returned).

ATTRIBUTES
       For an explanation of the terms used in this section, see attributes(7).

       β”Œβ”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”¬β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”¬β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”
       β”‚Interface                                                                                                                      β”‚ Attribute     β”‚ Value          β”‚
       β”œβ”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”Όβ”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”Όβ”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€
       β”‚strtoul(), strtoull(), strtouq()                                                                                               β”‚ Thread safety β”‚ MT-Safe locale β”‚
       β””β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”΄β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”΄β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”˜

CONFORMING TO
       strtoul(): POSIX.1-2001, POSIX.1-2008, C89, C99 SVr4.

       strtoull(): POSIX.1-2001, POSIX.1-2008, C99.

NOTES
       Since strtoul() can legitimately return 0 or ULONG_MAX (ULLONG_MAX for strtoull()) on both success and failure, the calling program should set errno to 0  before
       the call, and then determine if an error occurred by checking whether errno has a nonzero value after the call.

       In locales other than the "C" locale, other strings may be accepted.  (For example, the thousands separator of the current locale may be supported.)

       BSD also has

           u_quad_t strtouq(const char *nptr, char **endptr, int base);

       with completely analogous definition.  Depending on the wordsize of the current architecture, this may be equivalent to strtoull() or to strtoul().

       Negative values are considered valid input and are silently converted to the equivalent unsigned long value.

EXAMPLES
       See the example on the strtol(3) manual page; the use of the functions described in this manual page is similar.

SEE ALSO
       a64l(3), atof(3), atoi(3), atol(3), strtod(3), strtol(3), strtoumax(3)

GNU                                                                            2021-03-22                                                                     STRTOUL(3)