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PTHREAD_ATTR_INIT(3)                                                    Linux Programmer's Manual                                                   PTHREAD_ATTR_INIT(3)

NAME
       pthread_attr_init, pthread_attr_destroy - initialize and destroy thread attributes object

SYNOPSIS
       #include <pthread.h>

       int pthread_attr_init(pthread_attr_t *attr);
       int pthread_attr_destroy(pthread_attr_t *attr);

       Compile and link with -pthread.

DESCRIPTION
       The  pthread_attr_init()  function  initializes  the  thread attributes object pointed to by attr with default attribute values.  After this call, individual at‐
       tributes of the object can be set using various related functions (listed under SEE ALSO), and then the object can be used in one or more pthread_create(3) calls
       that create threads.

       Calling pthread_attr_init() on a thread attributes object that has already been initialized results in undefined behavior.

       When  a  thread attributes object is no longer required, it should be destroyed using the pthread_attr_destroy() function.  Destroying a thread attributes object
       has no effect on threads that were created using that object.

       Once a thread attributes object has been destroyed, it can be reinitialized using pthread_attr_init().  Any other use of a destroyed thread attributes object has
       undefined results.

RETURN VALUE
       On success, these functions return 0; on error, they return a nonzero error number.

ERRORS
       POSIX.1  documents  an ENOMEM error for pthread_attr_init(); on Linux these functions always succeed (but portable and future-proof applications should neverthe‐
       less handle a possible error return).

ATTRIBUTES
       For an explanation of the terms used in this section, see attributes(7).

       β”Œβ”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”¬β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”¬β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”
       β”‚Interface                                                                                                                             β”‚ Attribute     β”‚ Value   β”‚
       β”œβ”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”Όβ”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”Όβ”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€
       β”‚pthread_attr_init(), pthread_attr_destroy()                                                                                           β”‚ Thread safety β”‚ MT-Safe β”‚
       β””β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”΄β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”΄β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”˜

CONFORMING TO
       POSIX.1-2001, POSIX.1-2008.

NOTES
       The pthread_attr_t type should be treated as opaque: any access to the object other than via pthreads functions is nonportable and produces undefined results.

EXAMPLES
       The program below optionally makes use of pthread_attr_init() and various related functions to initialize a thread attributes object that is  used  to  create  a
       single thread.  Once created, the thread uses the pthread_getattr_np(3) function (a nonstandard GNU extension) to retrieve the thread's attributes, and then dis‐
       plays those attributes.

       If the program is run with no command-line argument, then it passes NULL as the attr argument of pthread_create(3), so that the thread is  created  with  default
       attributes.  Running the program on Linux/x86-32 with the NPTL threading implementation, we see the following:

           $ ulimit -s       # No stack limit ==> default stack size is 2 MB
           unlimited
           $ ./a.out
           Thread attributes:
                   Detach state        = PTHREAD_CREATE_JOINABLE
                   Scope               = PTHREAD_SCOPE_SYSTEM
                   Inherit scheduler   = PTHREAD_INHERIT_SCHED
                   Scheduling policy   = SCHED_OTHER
                   Scheduling priority = 0
                   Guard size          = 4096 bytes
                   Stack address       = 0x40196000
                   Stack size          = 0x201000 bytes

       When  we supply a stack size as a command-line argument, the program initializes a thread attributes object, sets various attributes in that object, and passes a
       pointer to the object in the call to pthread_create(3).  Running the program on Linux/x86-32 with the NPTL threading implementation, we see the following:

           $ ./a.out 0x3000000
           posix_memalign() allocated at 0x40197000
           Thread attributes:
                   Detach state        = PTHREAD_CREATE_DETACHED
                   Scope               = PTHREAD_SCOPE_SYSTEM
                   Inherit scheduler   = PTHREAD_EXPLICIT_SCHED
                   Scheduling policy   = SCHED_OTHER
                   Scheduling priority = 0
                   Guard size          = 0 bytes
                   Stack address       = 0x40197000
                   Stack size          = 0x3000000 bytes

   Program source

       #define _GNU_SOURCE     /* To get pthread_getattr_np() declaration */
       #include <pthread.h>
       #include <stdio.h>
       #include <stdlib.h>
       #include <unistd.h>
       #include <errno.h>

       #define handle_error_en(en, msg) \
               do { errno = en; perror(msg); exit(EXIT_FAILURE); } while (0)

       static void
       display_pthread_attr(pthread_attr_t *attr, char *prefix)
       {
           int s, i;
           size_t v;
           void *stkaddr;
           struct sched_param sp;

           s = pthread_attr_getdetachstate(attr, &i);
           if (s != 0)
               handle_error_en(s, "pthread_attr_getdetachstate");
           printf("%sDetach state        = %s\n", prefix,
                   (i == PTHREAD_CREATE_DETACHED) ? "PTHREAD_CREATE_DETACHED" :
                   (i == PTHREAD_CREATE_JOINABLE) ? "PTHREAD_CREATE_JOINABLE" :
                   "???");

           s = pthread_attr_getscope(attr, &i);
           if (s != 0)
               handle_error_en(s, "pthread_attr_getscope");
           printf("%sScope               = %s\n", prefix,
                   (i == PTHREAD_SCOPE_SYSTEM)  ? "PTHREAD_SCOPE_SYSTEM" :
                   (i == PTHREAD_SCOPE_PROCESS) ? "PTHREAD_SCOPE_PROCESS" :
                   "???");

           s = pthread_attr_getinheritsched(attr, &i);
           if (s != 0)
               handle_error_en(s, "pthread_attr_getinheritsched");
           printf("%sInherit scheduler   = %s\n", prefix,
                   (i == PTHREAD_INHERIT_SCHED)  ? "PTHREAD_INHERIT_SCHED" :
                   (i == PTHREAD_EXPLICIT_SCHED) ? "PTHREAD_EXPLICIT_SCHED" :
                   "???");

           s = pthread_attr_getschedpolicy(attr, &i);
           if (s != 0)
               handle_error_en(s, "pthread_attr_getschedpolicy");
           printf("%sScheduling policy   = %s\n", prefix,
                   (i == SCHED_OTHER) ? "SCHED_OTHER" :
                   (i == SCHED_FIFO)  ? "SCHED_FIFO" :
                   (i == SCHED_RR)    ? "SCHED_RR" :
                   "???");

           s = pthread_attr_getschedparam(attr, &sp);
           if (s != 0)
               handle_error_en(s, "pthread_attr_getschedparam");
           printf("%sScheduling priority = %d\n", prefix, sp.sched_priority);

           s = pthread_attr_getguardsize(attr, &v);
           if (s != 0)
               handle_error_en(s, "pthread_attr_getguardsize");
           printf("%sGuard size          = %zu bytes\n", prefix, v);

           s = pthread_attr_getstack(attr, &stkaddr, &v);
           if (s != 0)
               handle_error_en(s, "pthread_attr_getstack");
           printf("%sStack address       = %p\n", prefix, stkaddr);
           printf("%sStack size          = %#zx bytes\n", prefix, v);
       }

       static void *
       thread_start(void *arg)
       {
           int s;
           pthread_attr_t gattr;

           /* pthread_getattr_np() is a non-standard GNU extension that
              retrieves the attributes of the thread specified in its
              first argument. */

           s = pthread_getattr_np(pthread_self(), &gattr);
           if (s != 0)
               handle_error_en(s, "pthread_getattr_np");

           printf("Thread attributes:\n");
           display_pthread_attr(&gattr, "\t");

           exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);         /* Terminate all threads */
       }

       int
       main(int argc, char *argv[])
       {
           pthread_t thr;
           pthread_attr_t attr;
           pthread_attr_t *attrp;      /* NULL or &attr */
           int s;

           attrp = NULL;

           /* If a command-line argument was supplied, use it to set the
              stack-size attribute and set a few other thread attributes,
              and set attrp pointing to thread attributes object. */

           if (argc > 1) {
               size_t stack_size;
               void *sp;

               attrp = &attr;

               s = pthread_attr_init(&attr);
               if (s != 0)
                   handle_error_en(s, "pthread_attr_init");

               s = pthread_attr_setdetachstate(&attr, PTHREAD_CREATE_DETACHED);
               if (s != 0)
                   handle_error_en(s, "pthread_attr_setdetachstate");

               s = pthread_attr_setinheritsched(&attr, PTHREAD_EXPLICIT_SCHED);
               if (s != 0)
                   handle_error_en(s, "pthread_attr_setinheritsched");

               stack_size = strtoul(argv[1], NULL, 0);

               s = posix_memalign(&sp, sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE), stack_size);
               if (s != 0)
                   handle_error_en(s, "posix_memalign");

               printf("posix_memalign() allocated at %p\n", sp);

               s = pthread_attr_setstack(&attr, sp, stack_size);
               if (s != 0)
                   handle_error_en(s, "pthread_attr_setstack");
           }

           s = pthread_create(&thr, attrp, &thread_start, NULL);
           if (s != 0)
               handle_error_en(s, "pthread_create");

           if (attrp != NULL) {
               s = pthread_attr_destroy(attrp);
               if (s != 0)
                   handle_error_en(s, "pthread_attr_destroy");
           }

           pause();    /* Terminates when other thread calls exit() */
       }

SEE ALSO
       pthread_attr_setaffinity_np(3), pthread_attr_setdetachstate(3), pthread_attr_setguardsize(3), pthread_attr_setinheritsched(3), pthread_attr_setschedparam(3),
       pthread_attr_setschedpolicy(3), pthread_attr_setscope(3), pthread_attr_setsigmask_np(3), pthread_attr_setstack(3), pthread_attr_setstackaddr(3),
       pthread_attr_setstacksize(3), pthread_create(3), pthread_getattr_np(3), pthread_setattr_default_np(3), pthreads(7)

Linux                                                                          2021-03-22                                                           PTHREAD_ATTR_INIT(3)