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Statistics on the Gemini space

This page presents some statistics on the current state of the Gemini space. It has been updated on 2024-06-16 03:04:00Z.

It cannot claim to represent the entire space. The real number of URIs is certainly higher. There are several reasons why many URIs are not in the database:

the capsule may forbid retrieval, through robots.txt,
we do not know all the URIs and some cannot be found from the ones we know,
Lupa has a maximum number of URIs per capsule, to save resources (currently 10000).

On this page, "working" means there was a successful connection recently. "recently" means "less than 31 days". "Dead" URLs and capsules are removed after 46 days and no longer appear in any statistics.

Currently, our database includes 631,536 URIs, 519,487 of them having been checked successfully (status code 20) and recently. Among the recently accessed, 389,998 URIs serve a Gemini content.

Resources

The average size of the resources is 61,209 bytes.

Quantiles

10% of the resources are 260 bytes or less,
20% of the resources are 542 bytes or less,
30% of the resources are 940 bytes or less,
40% of the resources are 1,475 bytes or less,
50% of the resources are 2,560 bytes or less, MEDIAN
60% of the resources are 4,490 bytes or less,
70% of the resources are 6,887 bytes or less,
80% of the resources are 15,301 bytes or less,
90% of the resources are 88,973 bytes or less,
100% of the resources are 4,156,230 bytes or less.

Quantiles only for Gemini pages

10% of the resources are 229 bytes or less,
20% of the resources are 409 bytes or less,
30% of the resources are 721 bytes or less,
40% of the resources are 1,062 bytes or less,
50% of the resources are 1,609 bytes or less, MEDIAN
60% of the resources are 2,628 bytes or less,
70% of the resources are 4,383 bytes or less,
80% of the resources are 6,199 bytes or less,
90% of the resources are 10,473 bytes or less,
100% of the resources are 4,156,230 bytes or less.

Ranges

Less than 10 bytes: 3391 URLs (0.65 %)
10 to 100 bytes: 15993 URLs (3.1 %)
100 to 1000 bytes: 143336 URLs (27.6 %)
1 to 10 kbytes: 232856 URLs (44.8 %)
10 to 100 kbytes: 74315 URLs (14.3 %)
100 to 1000 kbytes: 30854 URLs (5.9 %)
More than 1000 kbytes: 18742 URLs (3.61 %)

Most common media (MIME) types

text/gemini: 389,998 URLs
image/jpeg: 25,390 URLs
text/plain: 24,719 URLs
image/png: 23,870 URLs
application/pdf: 13,927 URLs
application/octet-stream: 10,784 URLs
text/x-go: 5,495 URLs
application/zip: 3,011 URLs
image/svg+xml: 2,993 URLs
image/gif: 2,090 URLs
octet/stream: 1,919 URLs
application/x-mscardfile: 1,869 URLs
text/html: 1,811 URLs
audio/mpeg: 1,419 URLs
text/xml: 1,277 URLs
text/x-diff: 899 URLs
text/markdown: 763 URLs
application/json: 677 URLs
application/atom+xml: 671 URLs
application/javascript: 635 URLs

Most common languages

Unspecified: 392,592 URLs
en: 91,004 URLs
de: 12,236 URLs
it: 7,510 URLs
fr: 7,258 URLs
es: 2,895 URLs
es_ar: 1,273 URLs
fa: 1,021 URLs
arb: 688 URLs
ja: 586 URLs
ru: 574 URLs
en_gb: 394 URLs
grc: 258 URLs
en_us: 226 URLs
en_au: 224 URLs
he: 159 URLs
pl: 101 URLs
eo: 84 URLs
sv: 77 URLs
gl: 55 URLs

Most common encodings ("charsets") for all files

(Remember there exists testing capsules, with very exotic encodings, so don't be surprised by some strange ones.)

Unspecified: 435,027 URLs
utf-8: 84,153 URLs
binary: 214 URLs
us-ascii: 84 URLs
gzip: 4 URLs
xz: 2 URLs
bzip2: 2 URLs
iso-8859-1: 1 URLs

Most common encodings for gemtext files only

Unspecified: 322,520 URLs
utf-8: 67,477 URLs
iso-8859-1: 1 URLs

By the way, 1,264 of recently tested URLs (0.210 %) have a wrong encoding (it does not match the actual content).

Status codes

(Remember there are test capsules with funny status codes, to exercice Gemini clients.)

20 (Success): 519,487 occurrences (91.13 %)
51 (Not found): 25,374 occurrences (4.45 %)
60 (Client certificate request): 5,955 occurrences (1.04 %)
40 (Temporary failure): 5,232 occurrences (0.92 %)
30 (Temporary redirect): 4,725 occurrences (0.83 %)
10 (Input request): 4,275 occurrences (0.75 %)
42 (CGI error): 4,013 occurrences (0.70 %)
31 (Permanent redirect): 617 occurrences (0.11 %)
44 (Slow down): 91 occurrences (0.02 %)
59 (Bad request): 85 occurrences (0.01 %)
53 (Proxy request refused): 84 occurrences (0.01 %)
50 (Permanent failure): 58 occurrences (0.01 %)

Links

(We count only backlinks from external capsules, and at most one link per capsule. Also, we exclude links from capsules like search engines or directories.)

Maximum number of incoming links: 306

Average number of incoming links: 0.25

Capsules

There are 3702 capsules. We successfully connected recently to 2766 of them.

Most common capsules by number of working URLs

We have a limit of 10000 URLs per capsule.

git.skyjake.fi: 10000 URLs
midnight.pub: 10000 URLs
fumble-around.mediocregopher.com: 9999 URLs
1436.ninja: 9995 URLs
taz.de: 9995 URLs
gemini.techrights.org: 9994 URLs
gemini.tuxmachines.org: 9993 URLs
hoagie.space: 9991 URLs
gemini.conman.org: 9989 URLs
musicbrainz.uploadedlobster.com: 9981 URLs
library.inu.red: 9979 URLs
caiofior.pollux.casa: 9974 URLs
mirrors.apple2.org.za: 9965 URLs
bbs.geminispace.org: 9958 URLs
tjp.lol: 9956 URLs
gemini.autonomy.earth: 9948 URLs
scholasticdiversity.us.to: 9944 URLs
gmi.noulin.net: 9924 URLs
gemlog.stargrave.org: 9919 URLs
oracular.space: 9892 URLs

Most common capsules by number of bytes in working URLs

We have a limit of bytes per URL.

Not properly documented yet

1436.ninja: 9588.0 megabytes
mirrors.apple2.org.za: 2798.9 megabytes
nytpu.com: 1679.3 megabytes
uscoffings.net: 925.5 megabytes
gem.librehacker.com: 910.0 megabytes
librehacker.com: 860.2 megabytes
gael.mooo.com: 664.6 megabytes
blitter.com: 662.3 megabytes
jpfox.fr: 617.5 megabytes
yam655.com: 598.3 megabytes
dfdn.info: 554.9 megabytes
hoagie.space: 498.8 megabytes
mikelynch.org: 368.7 megabytes
si3t.ch: 337.0 megabytes
library.inu.red: 324.3 megabytes
ecs.d2evs.net: 319.9 megabytes
tweek.zyxxyz.eu: 295.4 megabytes
gemini.omarpolo.com: 266.7 megabytes
canary.city: 239.2 megabytes
gemi.dev: 201.6 megabytes
b2khgkvb2wn4avjshjp63kknsjwikgwff5dwwydldia6qwf4kdnueyad.onion: 200.4 megabytes

All working capsules:

As a text file

As a gemtext, with links

Certificates

2502 (90.5 %) capsules are self-signed, 192 (6.9 %) use the Certificate Authority Let's Encrypt, 72 (2.6 %) are signed by another CA (may be not a trusted one).

64 capsules (2.33 %) have an expired certificate.

Algorithms:

ecdsa-with-SHA256: 1746 capsules
sha256WithRSAEncryption: 995 capsules
ED25519: 18 capsules
sha512WithRSAEncryption: 4 capsules
ecdsa-with-SHA512: 3 capsules
ecdsa-with-SHA384: 2 capsules
sha384WithRSAEncryption: 1 capsules

Key types:

ECDSA: 1795 capsules
RSA: 956 capsules
ED25519: 18 capsules

Key sizes for RSA:

2048: 676 capsules
4096: 270 capsules
3072: 7 capsules
1024: 3 capsules

Key sizes for ECDSA:

256: 1733 capsules
384: 61 capsules
521: 1 capsules

TLS

98 % of the capsules use TLS 1.3, 2 % use TLS 1.2.

robots.txt

293 (11 %) the capsules have a robots.txt exclusion file.

Ports

18 working capsules (0.7 %) use an alternative port

Addresses

1211 IP addresses used. 18 % are IPv6.

Addresses with most virtual hosts

173.230.145.243: 870 vhosts
68.133.1.71: 420 vhosts
213.219.38.200: 252 vhosts
46.23.81.157: 117 vhosts
2a03:6000:1813:1337::157: 91 vhosts
109.237.26.252: 31 vhosts
90.65.170.44: 31 vhosts
45.56.93.217: 19 vhosts
128.140.115.191: 11 vhosts
51.222.161.16: 9 vhosts
212.71.248.87: 9 vhosts
2a01:4f8:c17:20f1::42: 8 vhosts
81.187.234.86: 8 vhosts
46.23.94.99: 8 vhosts
23.88.35.144: 8 vhosts
174.138.124.169: 8 vhosts
2a03:6000:6f67:624::99: 8 vhosts
64.226.23.78: 7 vhosts
85.208.51.149: 7 vhosts
2001:8b0:1d97:eeca:3da5:94ce:b61e:ee69: 7 vhosts

TLDs

There are 242 TLDs in the capsule's names, and 1767 registered domains.

Most common TLDs

By number of registered domains

com: 252 domains
org: 153 domains
net: 152 domains
xyz: 126 domains
space: 88 domains
site: 61 domains
de: 56 domains
dev: 53 domains
me: 43 domains
eu: 33 domains
uk: 31 domains
info: 27 domains
fr: 27 domains
club: 22 domains
io: 21 domains
online: 17 domains
ru: 16 domains
se: 15 domains
onion: 14 domains
ca: 14 domains

By number of capsules

(There's a strong bias towards TLDs which have hosting services such as flounder.online, which has many capsules in subdomains. See before the TLDs per registered domains, which are probably more useful.)