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Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) G. Camarillo
Request for Comments: 6502 Ericsson
Category: Standards Track S. Srinivasan
ISSN: 2070-1721
R. Even
Gesher Erove Ltd
J. Urpalainen
Nokia
March 2012
Conference Event Package Data Format Extension
for Centralized Conferencing (XCON)
Abstract
This document specifies the notification mechanism for XCON
(centralized conferencing). This mechanism reuses the SIP (Session
Initiation Protocol) event package for conference state.
Additionally, the notification mechanism includes support for the
XCON data model and for partial notifications.
Status of This Memo
This is an Internet Standards Track document.
This document is a product of the Internet Engineering Task Force
(IETF). It represents the consensus of the IETF community. It has
received public review and has been approved for publication by the
Internet Engineering Steering Group (IESG). Further information on
Internet Standards is available in Section 2 of RFC 5741.
Information about the current status of this document, any errata,
and how to provide feedback on it may be obtained at
http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6502.
Camarillo, et al. Standards Track [Page 1]
RFC 6502 XCON Event Package March 2012
Copyright Notice
Copyright (c) 2012 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
document authors. All rights reserved.
This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
Provisions Relating to IETF Documents
(http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of
publication of this document. Please review these documents
carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect
to this document. Code Components extracted from this document must
include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of
the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as
described in the Simplified BSD License.
This document may contain material from IETF Documents or IETF
Contributions published or made publicly available before November
10, 2008. The person(s) controlling the copyright in some of this
material may not have granted the IETF Trust the right to allow
modifications of such material outside the IETF Standards Process.
Without obtaining an adequate license from the person(s) controlling
the copyright in such materials, this document may not be modified
outside the IETF Standards Process, and derivative works of it may
not be created outside the IETF Standards Process, except to format
it for publication as an RFC or to translate it into languages other
than English.
Camarillo, et al. Standards Track [Page 2]
RFC 6502 XCON Event Package March 2012
Table of Contents
1. Introduction ....................................................3
2. Terminology .....................................................4
3. Notification Formats ............................................5
4. Full Notifications ..............................................5
4.1. Backwards Compatibility ....................................5
5. Partial Notifications ...........................................6
5.1. Generation of Partial Notifications ........................6
5.2. Processing of Partial Notifications ........................7
5.3. Partial Notification Format ................................8
5.4. XML Schema for Partial Notifications .......................8
5.5. Examples ...................................................9
6. IANA Considerations ............................................10
6.1. MIME type Registration:
application/xcon-conference-info+xml ......................10
6.2. MIME type Registration:
application/xcon-conference-info-diff+xml .................11
6.3. URN Sub-Namespace Registration:
xcon-conference-info-diff .................................12
6.4. XML Schema Registration ...................................12
7. Security Considerations ........................................12
8. References .....................................................13
8.1. Normative References ......................................13
8.2. Informative References ....................................13
1. Introduction
The XCON (Centralized Conferencing) framework [RFC5239] defines a
notification service that provides updates about a conference
instance's state to authorized parties using a notification protocol,
as shown in Figure 1. This document specifies how to use the SIP
(Session Initiation Protocol [RFC3261]) event package for conference
state defined in [RFC4575] as a notification protocol between a
client and a conference's notification server.
Camarillo, et al. Standards Track [Page 3]
RFC 6502 XCON Event Package March 2012
...........................
. Conferencing System .
. .
. +--------------+ .
. | Conf. object | .
. | | .
. +--------------+ .
. | .
. v .
. +------------+ .
. |Notification| .
. |Service | .
. +------------+ .
. ^ .
..........|................
|
| Notification
| Protocol
|(notifications following the
| XCON data model)
|
..........|............
. v .
. +------------+ .
. |Notification| .
. | Client | .
. +------------+ .
. .
. Conferencing Client .
.......................
Figure 1: Notification service and protocol in the XCON architecture
In addition to specifying the SIP event package for conference state,
[RFC4575] specifies a data format to be used with the event package.
The XCON data model [RFC6501] extends that format with new elements
and attributes so that the extended format supports more
functionality (e.g., floor control). The notification protocol
specified in this document supports all the data defined in the XCON
data model (i.e., the data originally defined in [RFC4575] plus all
the extensions defined in [RFC6501]) plus a partial notification
mechanism based on XML patch operations [RFC5261].
2. Terminology
The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
"SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
document are to be interpreted as described in [RFC2119].
Camarillo, et al. Standards Track [Page 4]
RFC 6502 XCON Event Package March 2012
3. Notification Formats
In order to obtain notifications from a conference server's
notification service, a client subscribes to the 'conference' event
package at the server as specified in [RFC4575]. Per [RFC4575],
NOTIFY requests within this event package can carry an XML document
in the "application/conference-info+xml" format. Additionally, per
this specification, NOTIFY requests can also carry XML documents in
the "application/xcon-conference-info+xml" and the "application/
xcon-conference-info-diff+xml" formats.
A document in the "application/xcon-conference-info+xml" format
provides the user agent with the whole state of a conference
instance. A document in the "application/
xcon-conference-info-diff+xml" format provides the user agent with
the changes the state of the conference instance has experienced
since the last notification sent to the user agent.
4. Full Notifications
Subscribers signal support for full notifications by including the
"application/xcon-conference-info+xml" format in the Accept header
field of the SUBSCRIBE requests they generate. If a client
subscribing to the 'conference' event package generates an Accept
header field that includes the MIME type "application/
xcon-conference-info+xml", the server has the option of returning
documents that follow the XML format specified in [RFC6501] and are
carried in "application/xcon-conference-info+xml" message bodies.
4.1. Backwards Compatibility
Conference servers that implement the SIP event package for
conference state and support the "application/
xcon-conference-info+xml" MIME type MUST also support the
"application/conference-info+xml" MIME type. This way, legacy
clients, which only support "application/conference-info+xml", are
able to receive notifications in a format they understand.
Clients that implement the SIP event package for conference state and
support the "application/xcon-conference-info+xml" MIME type SHOULD
also support the "application/conference-info+xml" MIME type. This
way, these clients are able to receive notifications from legacy
servers, which only support "application/conference-info+xml", in a
format they understand.
Camarillo, et al. Standards Track [Page 5]
RFC 6502 XCON Event Package March 2012
5. Partial Notifications
The conference state reported by this event package may contain many
elements. When the "xcon-conference-info+xml" format is used and
there is a change in the state of an element, the server generates a
notification with the whole conference state. Generating large
notifications to report small changes does not meet the efficiency
requirements of some bandwidth-constrained environments. The partial
notifications mechanism specified in this section is a more efficient
way to report changes in the conference state.
The SIP event package for conference state defined a partial
notification mechanism based on <state> elements. Servers compliant
with this specification MUST NOT use that partial notification
mechanism. Instead, they MUST use the mechanism specified in this
section.
Subscribers signal support for partial notifications by including the
"application/xcon-conference-info-diff+xml" format in the Accept
header field of the SUBSCRIBE requests they generate. If a client
subscribing to the 'conference' event package generates an Accept
header field that includes the MIME type "application/
xcon-conference-info-diff+xml", the server has the option of
returning documents that follow the XML format specified in
Section 5.4 and are carried in "application/
xcon-conference-diff-info+xml" message bodies.
5.1. Generation of Partial Notifications
Once a subscription is accepted and installed, the server MUST
deliver full state in its first notification. To report full state,
the server MUST set the Content-Type header field to the value
"application/xcon-conference-info+xml".
In order to deliver a partial notification, the server MUST set the
Content-Type header field to the value "application/
xcon-conference-info-diff+xml". When the server generates a partial
notification, the server SHOULD only include the information that has
changed compared to the previous notification. It is up to the
server's local policy to determine what is considered as a change to
the previous state.
The server MUST construct partial notifications according to the
following logic: all the information that has been added to the
document is listed inside <add> elements. All information that has
been removed from the document is listed inside <remove> elements,
and all information that has been changed is listed under <replace>
elements.
Camarillo, et al. Standards Track [Page 6]
RFC 6502 XCON Event Package March 2012
The server MUST NOT send a new NOTIFY request with a partial
notification until it has received a final response from the
subscriber for the previous one or the previous NOTIFY request has
timed out.
When the server receives a SUBSCRIBE request (refresh or termination)
within the associated subscription, it SHOULD send a NOTIFY request
containing the full document using the 'application/
xcon-conference-info+xml' content type.
If the server has used a content type other than 'application/
xcon-conference-info+xml' in notifications within the existing
subscription and changes to deliver partial notifications, the server
MUST deliver full state using the 'application/
xcon-conference-info+xml' content type before generating its first
partial notification.
5.2. Processing of Partial Notifications
When a subscriber receives the first notification containing full
state in a 'application/xcon-conference-info+xml' MIME body, the
subscriber MUST store the received full document as its local copy.
When the subscriber receives a subsequent notification, the
subscriber MUST modify its locally stored information according to
the following logic:
o If the notification carries an 'application/
xcon-conference-info+xml' document, the subscriber MUST replace
its local copy of the document with the document received in the
notification.
o If the notification carries an 'application/
xcon-conference-info-diff+xml' document, the subscriber MUST apply
the changes indicated in the received 'application/
xcon-conference-info-diff+xml' document to its local copy of the
full document.
If the subscriber encounters a processing error while processing an
'application/xcon-conference-info-diff+xml' encoded document, the
subscriber SHOULD renew its subscription. A subscriber can fall back
to normal operations by not including the "application/
xcon-conference-info-diff+xml" format in a new SUBSCRIBE request.
If the server changes the content type used in notifications within
the existing subscription, the subscriber MUST discard all the
previously received information and process the new content as
specified for that content type.
Camarillo, et al. Standards Track [Page 7]
RFC 6502 XCON Event Package March 2012
5.3. Partial Notification Format
An xcon-conference-info-diff document is an XML
[W3C.REC-xml-20081126] document that MUST be well-formed and SHOULD
be valid. The namespace URI for the <conference-info-diff> root
document element is defined in [RFC6501]:
urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:xcon-conference-info
The root document element <conference-info-diff> has a single
mandatory attribute, "entity". The value of this attribute is the
conference object identifier (XCON-URI) that identifies the
conference being described in the document.
The content of the <conference-info-diff> element is an unordered
sequence of <add>, <replace>, and <remove> elements followed by
elements from other namespaces for the purposes of extensibility.
Any such unknown elements MUST be ignored by the client. The <add>,
<replace>, and <remove> elements can contain other extension
attributes than what are defined in the corresponding base types of
[RFC5261].
5.4. XML Schema for Partial Notifications
This is the XML schema for the "application/
xcon-conference-info-diff+xml" data format. The
"urn:ietf:params:xml:schema:xml-patch-ops" schema is defined in
[RFC5261].
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<xs:schema
targetNamespace="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:xcon-conference-info"
xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:xcon-conference-info"
xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
elementFormDefault="qualified">
<!-- include patch-ops type definitions -->
<xs:include
schemaLocation="urn:ietf:params:xml:schema:patch-ops"/>
<!-- partial updates -->
<xs:element name="conference-info-diff">
<xs:complexType>
<xs:sequence minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded">
<xs:choice>
<!-- add some content -->
<xs:element name="add">
<xs:complexType mixed="true">
<xs:complexContent>
Camarillo, et al. Standards Track [Page 8]
RFC 6502 XCON Event Package March 2012
<xs:extension base="add">
<xs:anyAttribute processContents="lax"/>
</xs:extension>
</xs:complexContent>
</xs:complexType>
</xs:element>
<!-- remove some content -->
<xs:element name="remove">
<xs:complexType>
<xs:complexContent>
<xs:extension base="remove">
<xs:anyAttribute processContents="lax"/>
</xs:extension>
</xs:complexContent>
</xs:complexType>
</xs:element>
<!-- replace some content -->
<xs:element name="replace">
<xs:complexType mixed="true">
<xs:complexContent>
<xs:extension base="replace">
<xs:anyAttribute processContents="lax"/>
</xs:extension>
</xs:complexContent>
</xs:complexType>
</xs:element>
<!-- allow extension elements from other namespaces -->
<xs:any namespace="##other" processContents="lax"/>
</xs:choice>
</xs:sequence>
<xs:attribute name="entity" type="xs:anyURI" use="required"/>
<xs:anyAttribute processContents="lax"/>
</xs:complexType>
</xs:element>
</xs:schema>
5.5. Examples
The following is an 'application/xcon-conference-info-diff+xml'
partial update document:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<conference-info-diff
xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:xcon-conference-info"
entity="conference123@example.com">
Camarillo, et al. Standards Track [Page 9]
RFC 6502 XCON Event Package March 2012
<add
sel="*/users/allowed-users-list"> <target
uri="sip:john@example.com" method="refer"/>
</add>
<replace sel="*/conference-state/user-count/text()">5</replace>
</conference-info-diff>
6. IANA Considerations
There are four IANA considerations associated with this
specification.
6.1. MIME type Registration: application/xcon-conference-info+xml
This section registers the 'application/xcon-conference-info+xml'
MIME type.
MIME media type name: application
MIME subtype name: xcon-conference-info+xml
Mandatory parameters: none
Optional Parameters: Same as charset parameter application/xml as
specified in [RFC3023].
Encoding considerations: Same as encoding considerations of
application/xml as specified in [RFC3023].
Security considerations: Security considerations: See Section 10 of
[RFC3023].
Interoperability considerations: none
Published specification: RFC 6502
Applications that use this media type: This document type has been
defined to support centralized conferencing applications.
Additional Information:
Magic Number: none
File extension: .xml
Macintosh file type code: "TEXT"
Camarillo, et al. Standards Track [Page 10]
RFC 6502 XCON Event Package March 2012
Personal and email address for further information: IETF XCON
Working Group <xcon@ietf.org>
Intended usage: COMMON
Author/Change controller: The IETF.
6.2. MIME type Registration: application/xcon-conference-info-diff+xml
This section registers the 'application/
xcon-conference-info-diff+xml' MIME type.
MIME media type name: application
MIME subtype name: xcon-conference-info-diff+xml
Mandatory parameters: none
Optional Parameters: Same as charset parameter application/xml as
specified in [RFC3023].
Encoding considerations: Same as encoding considerations of
application/xml as specified in [RFC3023].
Security considerations: Security considerations: See Section 10 of
[RFC3023].
Interoperability considerations: none
Published specification: RFC 6502
Applications that use this media type: This document type has been
defined to support partial notifications in centralized
conferencing applications.
Additional Information:
Magic Number: none
File extension: .xml
Macintosh file type code: "TEXT"
Personal and email address for further information: IETF XCON
Working Group <xcon@ietf.org>
Intended usage: COMMON
Camarillo, et al. Standards Track [Page 11]
RFC 6502 XCON Event Package March 2012
Author/Change controller: The IETF.
6.3. URN Sub-Namespace Registration: xcon-conference-info-diff
This section registers a new XML namespace per the procedures in
[RFC3688].
URI: urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:xcon-conference-info-diff
Registrant Contact: IETF SIPPING working group <sipping@ietf.org>,
Gonzalo Camarillo <Gonzalo.Camarillo@ericsson.com>
XML:
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML Basic 1.0//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml-basic/xhtml-basic10.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="content-type"
content="text/html;charset=iso-8859-1"/>
<title>Partial Notifications in Centralized Conferencing</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Namespace for Partial Notifications in</h1>
<h1>Centralized Conferencing</h1>
<h2>urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:xcon-conference-info-diff</h2>
<p>See <a href="http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc6502.txt">
RFC 6502</a>.</p>
</body>
</html>
6.4. XML Schema Registration
This section registers an XML schema per the procedures in [RFC3688].
URI: urn:ietf:params:xml:schema:xcon-conference-info-diff
Registrant Contact: IETF XCON working group, <xcon@ietf.org>, Gonzalo
Camarillo <Gonzalo.Camarillo@ericsson.com>
The XML for this schema can be found in Section 5.4.
7. Security Considerations
This document specifies how to deliver notifications using the SIP
event package for conference state in two new formats. The fact that
notifications are encoded in a different format does not have
Camarillo, et al. Standards Track [Page 12]
RFC 6502 XCON Event Package March 2012
security implications. Section 8 of [RFC4575] contains security
considerations related to the use of the event package. Implementers
of the event package need to follow those considerations regardless
of the format used to encode their notifications.
8. References
8.1. Normative References
[RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.
[RFC3023] Murata, M., St. Laurent, S., and D. Kohn, "XML Media
Types", RFC 3023, January 2001.
[RFC3261] Rosenberg, J., Schulzrinne, H., Camarillo, G., Johnston,
A., Peterson, J., Sparks, R., Handley, M., and E.
Schooler, "SIP: Session Initiation Protocol", RFC 3261,
June 2002.
[RFC4575] Rosenberg, J., Schulzrinne, H., and O. Levin, "A Session
Initiation Protocol (SIP) Event Package for Conference
State", RFC 4575, August 2006.
[RFC5261] Urpalainen, J., "An Extensible Markup Language (XML) Patch
Operations Framework Utilizing XML Path Language (XPath)
Selectors", RFC 5261, September 2008.
[RFC6501] Novo, O., Camarillo, G., Morgan, D., and J. Urpalainen,
"Conference Information Data Model for Centralized
Conferencing (XCON)", RFC 6501, March 2012.
[W3C.REC-xml-20081126]
Bray, T., Paoli, J., Sperberg-McQueen, C., Maler, E., and
F. Yergeau, "Extensible Markup Language (XML) 1.0 (Fifth
Edition)", World Wide Web Consortium Recommendation REC-
xml-20081126, November 2008,
<http://www.w3.org/TR/2008/REC-xml-20081126>.
8.2. Informative References
[RFC3688] Mealling, M., "The IETF XML Registry", BCP 81, RFC 3688,
January 2004.
[RFC5239] Barnes, M., Boulton, C., and O. Levin, "A Framework for
Centralized Conferencing", RFC 5239, June 2008.
Camarillo, et al. Standards Track [Page 13]
RFC 6502 XCON Event Package March 2012
Authors' Addresses
Gonzalo Camarillo
Ericsson
Hirsalantie 11
Jorvas 02420
Finland
EMail: Gonzalo.Camarillo@ericsson.com
Srivatsa Srinivasan
EMail: srivatsa.srinivasan@gmail.com
Roni Even
Gesher Erove Ltd
14 David Hamelech
Tel Aviv 64953
Israel
EMail: ron.even.tlv@gmail.com
Jari Urpalainen
Nokia
Itamerenkatu 11-13
Helsinki 00180
Finland
EMail: jari.urpalainen@nokia.com
Camarillo, et al. Standards Track [Page 14]