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8 ‎[1] Produce from which the great *terumah* and *terumat ma'aser* have been separated are referred to as "ordinary produce." When the other tithes have been separated from it, it is universally called "ordinary produce that has been made acceptable." ‎[2] [The following laws apply when] *tevel* becomes mixed together with the same species of ordinary produce that has been made acceptable in which instance, [the *tevel* cannot be considered insignificant] because its flavor [cannot be detected]. If he has other produce, he should separate the *terumat [ma'aser]* and the tithes for the *tevel* according to the appropriate reckoning. If he does not have other produce from which to make the separations for that *tevel*, the entire mixture is forbidden until he makes separations from it. When he makes these separations, he forfeits a portion from the ordinary produce that has been made acceptable that is equivalent to the *terumat ma'aser* that must be separated from the *tevel*. ‎[3] What is implied? If 100 *se'ah* of *tevel* is mixed with 100 *se'ah* of ordinary produce that has been made acceptable, he should separate 101 [*se'ah*] from the entire mixture. Everything that he sets aside is considered as *tevel*. Thus 99 *se'ah* of ordinary produce that has been made acceptable remain. He has thus lost a *se'ah* [of the ordinary produce]. Similarly, if *terumah* had also not been separated from the *tevel*, he must forfeit an amount from the ordinary produce that has been made acceptable that is equivalent to the *terumah* and *terumat ma'aser* [to be separated from the *tevel*].
Why must he forfeit this *se'ah*? So that he will not say: "The 100 *se'ah* that I set aside are ordinary produce and the 100 that remain are *tevel*." Similarly, if the amount of the *tevel* exceeded or was less than ordinary produce, one should separate [an amount equivalent] to the *tevel* and [an amount] from the ordinary produce [equivalent] to the *terumat ma'aser* [to be separated from the *tevel*] or equivalent to the *terumah* and *terumat ma'aser* [to be separated] if it was *tevel* from which *terumah* was not separated. ‎[4] Similarly, if tithes that were *tevel* became mixed with ordinary produce that has been made acceptable, even the slightest amount causes the mixture to be prohibited. If the person has other tithes, he should make a separation for the *terumat ma'aser* for the tithes that require this according to the appropriate proportion. If he does not have other tithes, he should remove the tithes and forfeit from the ordinary produce that has been made acceptable an amount equal to the *terumat ma'aser* in the tithes. ‎[5] What is implied? 100 [*se'ah* of] tithes become mixed with 100 [*se'ah* of] ordinary produce that has been made acceptable. He should separate 110 *se'ah* from the entire mixture. Everything that he separates is considered as the tithes. The 90 [*se'ah*] that remain are ordinary produce as before. Similarly, if the amount of the ordinary produce exceeds or is less than that of these tithes, he should separate the tithes and from the ordinary produce, an amount equivalent to the *terumat ma'aser* in the tithes. ‎[6] [The following laws apply when] *tevel* becomes mixed together with tithes that were *tevel*. If the amount of *tevel* was equivalent to the amount of the tithes, he must forfeit from the *tevel* an amount equivalent to the *terumat ma'aser* it contains.
What is implied? There were 100 *se'ah* of *tevel* that became mixed with 100 *se'ah* of tithes. He should separate 101 [*se'ah*]; they are considered as tithes. The 99 remaining are considered as *tevel*.
If there was more *tevel* than tithes, he should separate the tithes alone and he does not forfeit anything from the *tevel*. For if he would designate the *terumat ma'aser* of the *tevel*, the tithes would be *meduma*, a mixture of [the tithes] and the *terumat ma'aser* from the tithes which are separated together.
If there were more tithes than *tevel*, he should designate the *terumat ma'aser* in the *tevel*, setting aside the *tevel* and an amount equivalent to the *terumat ma'aser* for the *tevel*, i.e., one one-hundredth of the tithe. The *tevel* should be considered as if it is all *meduma* and sold to a priest with the exception of the worth of the two [portions of] *terumah* in it. Thus he will forfeit one hundredth of the tithes which is equivalent to the *terumat ma'aser* in the *tevel*.
What is implied? If there were 100 [*se'ah*] *tevel* with 200 [*se'ah*] of the tithes, he should set aside 103. The three [*se'ah*] are the *terumat ma'aser* of the 100 [*se'ah*] of *tevel* and the measure of *terumat ma'aser* for the 200 [*se'ah* of the tithes]. [This separation is necessary] so that people will not come to err if [the tithes] became mixed with an equivalent amount [of *tevel*]. Therefore he should leave 197 [*se'ah*] which will remain tithes as they were. ‎[7] [The following laws apply when a person] has [a stack with] ten lines, each containing ten barrels of wine and [the owner] allocated one barrel of the outer line as tithes for other wine, but he does not know which outer line [he intended]. He should take two barrels from [the corners] on a diagonal, mix them, and separate [the tithes] from them. ‎[8] If he allocated [one barrel from] the half of an outer row [as tithes], but does not know from which [outer] half a row, he should take four barrels, [one] from each of the corners. If he allocated [a barrel from] one row, but does not know which row, he should take [a barrel] from a diagonal row. If he allocated [a barrel from] half a row, but does not know which half a row, he should take [a barrel] from two diagonal rows. Thus he will be taking a barrel from each half row. He should then mix them together and separate [the tithes]. ‎[9] If he allocated one barrel as tithes but does not know which barrel it is, he should take [some wine] from each of the 100 barrels, mix it together, and separate enough for one barrel as tithes.
Version: Mishneh Torah, trans. by Eliyahu Touger. Jerusalem, Moznaim Pub. c1986-c2007
Source: https://www.nli.org.il/he/books/NNL_ALEPH001020101/NLI
License: CC-BY-NC