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Not obvious development process is hard to document. I wanted to make changes to the nix program, but I didn't know how to try them.
Fortunately, a coworker explained to me the process, and here it is!
First, you need to get the sources of the project, and compile it in some way to run it from the project directory:
git clone https://github.com/NixOS/nix/ cd nix nix-shell ./bootstrap.sh ./configure --prefix=$PWD make
In order to try nix, we need to stop nix-daemon.service, but also stop nix-daemon.socket to prevent it to restart the nix-daemon.
systemctl stop nix-daemon.socket systemctl stop nix-daemon.service
Now, when you want your nix-daemon to work, just run this command from the project directory:
sudo bin/nix --extra-experimental-features nix-command daemon
Note this command doesn't fork on background.
If you need some settings in the nix.conf file, you have to create etc/nix/nix.conf relative to the project directory.
Once you are done with the development, exit your running daemon and restart the service and socket.
systemctl start nix-daemon.socket systemctl start nix-daemon.service