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Hammurabi's Code is written in the Old Babylonian dialect of Akkadian, during the First Dynasty of Babylon according to the text.
The Vedas are written down.
Destruction of Northern Israel by the Neo-Assyrians. This marks the exile of those in Northern Israel.
The Neo-babylonians invade Assyria and capture Assur and Nineveh.
Destruction of the First Temple in Israel by the Babylonians and Nebuchadnezzar. This marks the exile of those in Judah, and the beginning of the Diaspora, and significantly affects the development and Theology of Judaism.
Cyrus becomes King of Persia and invades Babylonia. He declares a position of religious toleration, and allows all religious groups (including Jews) to rebuild their Temples. This is recorded in the Cyrus Cylinder and in the Biblical books Ezra-Nehemiah and Chronicles.
Approximate date of the construction of the Second Temple in Israel. This marks the beginning of the Second Temple Period within Judaism.
Grecco-Persian wars. Macedon, Thrace, and Ionia regain their independence from Persia.
The Baghavad Gita is written down.
Alexander the Great conquers Babylonia. Judea falls under the rule of the Hellenistic Seleucid Empire.
The Maccabbean/Hasmonean revolt against the Hellenistic Seleucid Empire. Recorded in the books of Maccabees. The holiday of Hannukkah is said to originate from this time period.
The Maccabees attain independence from the Seleucid Empire, establishing the Hasmonean dynasty that will last until 37 BCE.
Pompey the Great conqueres Jerusalem and incorporates Judea as a client state of the Roman Republic. The Hasmonean Civil War starts.
Death of Pompey of Rome.
Death of Caesar of Rome. The Hasmonean kingdom in Judea gets a brief moment of autonomy until 37 BCE.
Herod the Great (the Herodian dynasty) defeats the last Hasmonean ruler. He becomes king of Judea, and Judea becomes a client state of the Roman Empire once again.
Approximate date of the birth of Jesus.
Rome incorporates Judea, Samaria, and Idumea (Edom) into the Provice of Judaea.
Approximate date of the Council of Jerusalem. According to the book of Acts, Peter and James led the council to discuss the place of Mosaic Law within Christian practice.
Destruction of the Second Temple in Judaea.
Emperor Constantine I (Flavius Valerius Constantinus) of Rome converts to Christianity.
The First Council of Nicaea, called by Emperor Constantine I with the goal of formulating a standardized Christian Theology.
The Edict of Thessalonica is issued by Emperor Theodosius I, declaring Christianity as the official religion of Rome.
The First Council of Constantinople, called by Emperor Theodosius I.
The Council of Ephesus, called by Emperor Theodosius II.
The Council of Chalcedon, called by Emperor Marcian.
The Gupta-era Hindu temple at Bhitargaon is built.
The Second Council of Constantinople, called by Emperor Justinian I.
Birth of the Prophet Muhammad in Mecca, under the Quraysh tribe.
The Third Council of Constantinople, called by Emperor Constantine IV.
The Second Council of Nicaea, called by Constantine VI and Empress Irene.
The Fourth Council of Constantinople.
The First Crusade, called by Urban II at the Council of Clermont (1095 CE).
The Second Crusade, led by King Louis VII of France and Emperor Conrad III of Germany.
The Third Crusade
The Fourth Crusade, called by Pope Innocent III, led by Boniface of Montferrat.
The Fifth Crusade, called by Pope Innocent III.
The Sixth Crusade
The Crusade of King Frederick II
The Crusade of King Louis IX
Lord Edward's crusade
Martin Luther posts his Ninety-five Theses on the door of the Castle Church in Wittenberg.
The Council of Trent, under Popes Paul III and Julius III.
Life of the Báb, considered the Herald of the Bahá’í Faith. He was executed by the Iranian authorities in 1850.
Ministry of Bahá’u’lláh (lit. "Glory of God"), the Promised One foretold by the Báb, born in 1817 CE. In 1863 in Iraq, he claimed to be the prophet Báb spoke about. He delivered a new Revelation (the Bahá’í Faith) from God to humanity, and wrote many books and letters. He was imprisoned for 40 years in the Ottoman Empire.
The First Vatican Council, under Pope Pius IX.
Science and Health with Key to the Scriptures is published by Mary Baker Eddy, the founder of Christian Science.
The Church of Christ, Scientist (Christian Science) is founded in the US as a Christian denomination by Mary Baker Eddy.
I and Thou is published by Martin Buber on January 1st.
Dianetics: The Modern Science of Mental Health is published by Lafayette Ronald Hubbard, founder of Scientology.
The Church of Scientology is founded in the US by L. Ron Hubbard.
Witchcraft Today is published by Gerald Brosseau Gardner, who founded Gardnerian Wicca. According to Gardner, his system was influenced by the witches near England's New Forest, which he discovered in 1939 CE.
Alexander Sanders founds Alexandrian Wicca in England. Victor Anderson and Cora Anderson found the Feri tradition in California.
The Second Vatican Council, under Pope John XXIII.
Zsuzsanna Budapest, influenced by Second-Wave Feminism, founds Dianic Wicca.
Eddie Buczynski, influenced by the Gay Rights Movement, founds the Minoan Brotherhood.
The Spiral Dance is published by Starhawk, who helped establish the Reclaiming tradition (neopagan witchcraft) in San Francisco.