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2011-02-14 07:01:26
By LINDSEY TANNER, AP Medical Writer Lindsey Tanner, Ap Medical Writer Mon
Feb 14, 12:02 am ET
CHICAGO Energy drinks are under-studied, overused and can be dangerous for
children and teens, warns a report by doctors who say kids shouldn't use the
popular products.
The potential harms, caused mostly by too much caffeine or similar ingredients,
include heart palpitations, seizures, strokes and even sudden death, the
authors write in the medical journal Pediatrics. They reviewed data from the
government and interest groups, scientific literature, case reports and
articles in popular and trade media.
Dakota Sailor, 18, a high school senior in Carl Junction, Mo., says risks
linked with energy drinks aren't just hype.
Sailor had a seizure and was hospitalized for five days last year after
drinking two large energy drinks a brand he'd never tried before. He said his
doctor thinks caffeine or caffeine-like ingredients may have been to blame.
The report says some cans have four to five times more caffeine than soda, and
Sailor said some kids he knows "drink four or five of them a day. That's just
dumb."
Sailor has sworn off the drinks and thinks other kids should, too.
The report's authors want pediatricians to routinely ask patients and their
parents about energy drink use and to advise against drinking them.
"We would discourage the routine use" by children and teens, said Dr. Steven
Lipshultz, pediatrics chairman at the University of Miami's medical school. He
wrote the report with colleagues from that center.
The report says energy drinks often contain ingredients that can enhance the
jittery effects of caffeine or that can have other side effects including
nausea and diarrhea. It says they should be regulated as stringently as
tobacco, alcohol and prescription medicines.
"For most children, adolescents, and young adults, safe levels of consumption
have not been established," the report said.
Introduced more than 20 years ago, energy drinks are the fastest growing U.S.
beverage market; 2011 sales are expected to top $9 billion, the report said. It
cites research suggesting that about one-third of teens and young adults
regularly consume energy drinks. Yet research is lacking on risk from long-term
use and effects in kids especially those with medical conditions that may
increase the dangers, the report said.
The report comes amid a crackdown on energy drinks containing alcohol and
caffeine, including recent Food and Drug Administration warning letters to
manufacturers and bans in several states because of alcohol overdoses.
The report focuses on nonalcoholic drinks but emphasizes that drinking them
along with alcohol is dangerous.
The American Association of Poison Control Centers adopted codes late last year
to start tracking energy drink overdoses and side effects nationwide; 677 cases
occurred from October through December; so far, 331 have been reported this
year.
Most 2011 cases involved children and teens. Of the more than 300 energy drink
poisonings this year, a quarter of them involved kids younger than 6, according
to a data chart from the poison control group.
That's a tiny fraction of the more than 2 million poisonings from other
substances reported to the group each year. But the chart's list of reported
energy drink-related symptoms is lengthy, including seizures, hallucinations,
rapid heart rate, chest pain, high blood pressure and irritability, but no
deaths.
Monday's paper doesn't quantify drink-related complications or deaths. It cites
other reports on a few deaths in Europe of teens or young adults who mixed the
drinks with alcohol, or who had conditions like epilepsy that may have
increased the risks.
Maureen Storey, senior vice president of science policy at the American
Beverage Association, an industry group, said the report "does nothing more
than perpetuate misinformation" about energy drinks.
Many of the drinks contain much less caffeine than coffee from popular
coffeehouses, and caffeine amounts are listed on many of the products, she said
in a written statement.
Caffeine is safe, but those who are sensitive to it can check the labels, she
said.
A clinical report on energy drinks is expected soon from the American Academy
of Pediatrics that may include guidelines for doctors.
Dr. Marcie Schneider, an adolescent medicine specialist in Greenwich, Conn.,
and member of the academy's nutrition committee, praised Monday's report for
raising awareness about the risks.
"These drinks have no benefit, no place in the diet of kids," Schneider said.