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ADDRESS_FAMILIES(7)                                                     Linux Programmer's Manual                                                    ADDRESS_FAMILIES(7)

NAME
       address_families - socket address families (domains)

SYNOPSIS
       #include <sys/types.h>          /* See NOTES */
       #include <sys/socket.h>

       int socket(int domain, int type, int protocol);

DESCRIPTION
       The domain argument of the socket(2) specifies a communication domain; this selects the protocol family which will be used for communication.  These families are
       defined in <sys/socket.h>.  The formats currently understood by the Linux kernel include:

       AF_UNIX, AF_LOCAL
              Local communication For further information, see unix(7).

       AF_INET
              IPv4 Internet protocols.  For further information, see ip(7).

       AF_AX25
              Amateur radio AX.25 protocol.  For further information, see ax25(4).

       AF_IPX IPX - Novell protocols.

       AF_APPLETALK
              AppleTalk For further information, see ddp(7).

       AF_NETROM
              AX.25    packet    layer    protocol.     For    further    information,    see    netrom(4),     The     Packet     Radio     Protocols     and     Linux
              ⟨https://www.tldp.org/HOWTO/AX25-HOWTO/x61.html⟩  and  the  AX.25,  NET/ROM,  and ROSE network programming chapters of the Linux Amateur Radio AX.25 HOWTO
              ⟨https://www.tldp.org/HOWTO/AX25-HOWTO/x2107.html⟩.

       AF_BRIDGE
              Can't be used for creating sockets; mostly used for bridge links in rtnetlink(7) protocol commands.

       AF_ATMPVC
              Access to raw ATM Permanent Virtual Circuits (PVCs).  For further information, see the  ATM  on  Linux  HOWTO  ⟨https://www.tldp.org/HOWTO/text/ATM-Linux-
              HOWTO⟩.

       AF_X25 ITU-T X.25 / ISO-8208 protocol.  For further information, see x25(7).

       AF_INET6
              IPv6 Internet protocols.  For further information, see ipv6(7).

       AF_ROSE
              RATS  (Radio  Amateur Telecommunications Society) Open Systems environment (ROSE) AX.25 packet layer protocol.  For further information, see the resources
              listed for AF_NETROM.

       AF_DECnet
              DECet protocol sockets.  See Documentation/networking/decnet.txt in the Linux kernel source tree for details.

       AF_NETBEUI
              Reserved for "802.2LLC project"; never used.

       AF_SECURITY
              This was a short-lived (between Linux 2.1.30 and 2.1.99pre2) protocol family for firewall upcalls.

       AF_KEY Key management protocol, originally developed for usage with IPsec (since Linux 2.1.38).  This has no relation to keyctl(2) and the in-kernel key  storage
              facility.  See RFC 2367 PF_KEY Key Management API, Version 2 ⟨https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2367⟩ for details.

       AF_NETLINK
              Kernel user interface device For further information, see netlink(7).

       AF_PACKET
              Low-level packet interface.  For further information, see packet(7).

       AF_ECONET
              Acorn Econet protocol (removed in Linux 3.5).  See the Econet documentation ⟨http://www.8bs.com/othrdnld/manuals/econet.shtml⟩ for details.

       AF_ATMSVC
              Access to ATM Switched Virtual Circuits (SVCs) See the ATM on Linux HOWTO ⟨https://www.tldp.org/HOWTO/text/ATM-Linux-HOWTO⟩ for details.

       AF_RDS Reliable  Datagram  Sockets  (RDS) protocol (since Linux 2.6.30).  RDS over RDMA has no relation to AF_SMC or AF_XDP.  For further information see rds(7),
              rds-rdma(7), and Documentation/networking/rds.txt in the Linux kernel source tree.

       AF_IRDA
              Socket interface over IrDA (moved to staging in Linux 4.14, removed in Linux 4.17).  For further information see irda(7).

       AF_PPPOX
              Generic PPP transport layer, for setting up L2 tunnels (L2TP and PPPoE).  See Documentation/networking/l2tp.txt in the Linux kernel source  tree  for  de‐
              tails.

       AF_WANPIPE
              Legacy protocol for wide area network (WAN) connectivity that was used by Sangoma WAN cards (called "WANPIPE"); removed in Linux 2.6.21.

       AF_LLC Logical  link  control (IEEE 802.2 LLC) protocol, upper part of data link layer of ISO/OSI networking protocol stack (since Linux 2.4); has no relation to
              AF_PACKET.  See chapter 13.5.3. Logical Link Control in Understanding Linux Kernel Internals (O'Reilly Media, 2006) and IEEE Standards for Local Area Net‐
              works:  Logical  Link  Control  (The  Institute  of  Electronics  and  Electronics  Engineers, Inc., New York, New York, 1985) for details.  See also some
              historical notes ⟨https://wiki.linuxfoundation.org/networking/llc⟩ regarding its development.

       AF_IB  InfiniBand native addressing (since Linux 3.11).

       AF_MPLS
              Multiprotocol Label Switching (since Linux 4.1); mostly used for configuring MPLS routing via netlink(7), as it doesn't expose ability to  create  sockets
              to user space.

       AF_CAN Controller Area Network automotive bus protocol (since Linux 2.6.25).  See Documentation/networking/can.rst in the Linux kernel source tree for details.

       AF_TIPC
              TIPC,  "cluster domain sockets" protocol (since Linux 2.6.16).  See TIPC Programmer's Guide ⟨http://tipc.io/programming.html⟩ and the protocol description
              ⟨http://tipc.io/protocol.html⟩ for details.

       AF_BLUETOOTH
              Bluetooth low-level socket protocol (since  Linux  3.11).   See  Bluetooth  Management  API  overview  ⟨https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/bluetooth/bluez.git
              /tree/doc/mgmt-api.txt⟩ and An Introduction to Bluetooth Programming by Albert Huang ⟨https://people.csail.mit.edu/albert/bluez-intro/⟩ for details.

       AF_IUCV
              IUCV (inter-user communication vehicle) z/VM protocol for hypervisor-guest interaction (since Linux 2.6.21); has no relation to AF_VSOCK and/or AF_SMC See
              IUCV protocol overview ⟨https://www.ibm.com/support/knowledgecenter/en/SSB27U_6.4.0/com.ibm.zvm.v640.hcpb4/iucv.htm⟩ for details.

       AF_RXRPC
              Rx, Andrew File System remote procedure call protocol (since Linux 2.6.22).  See Documentation/networking/rxrpc.txt in the Linux kernel  source  tree  for
              details.

       AF_ISDN
              New "modular ISDN" driver interface protocol (since Linux 2.6.27).  See the mISDN wiki ⟨http://www.misdn.eu/wiki/Main_Page/⟩ for details.

       AF_PHONET
              Nokia cellular modem IPC/RPC interface (since Linux 2.6.31).  See Documentation/networking/phonet.txt in the Linux kernel source tree for details.

       AF_IEEE802154
              IEEE  802.15.4  WPAN  (wireless personal area network) raw packet protocol (since Linux 2.6.31).  See Documentation/networking/ieee802154.txt in the Linux
              kernel source tree for details.

       AF_CAIF
              Ericsson's Communication CPU to Application CPU interface (CAIF) protocol (since Linux 2.6.36).  See Documentation/networking/caif/Linux-CAIF.txt  in  the
              Linux kernel source tree for details.

       AF_ALG Interface to kernel crypto API (since Linux 2.6.38).  See Documentation/crypto/userspace-if.rst in the Linux kernel source tree for details.

       AF_VSOCK
              VMWare  VSockets  protocol  for  hypervisor-guest  interaction  (since  Linux  3.9);  has no relation to AF_IUCV and AF_SMC.  For further information, see
              vsock(7).

       AF_KCM KCM (kernel connection multiplexer) interface (since Linux 4.6).  See Documentation/networking/kcm.txt in the Linux kernel source tree for details.

       AF_QIPCRTR
              Qualcomm IPC router interface protocol (since Linux 4.7).

       AF_SMC SMC-R (shared memory communications over RDMA) protocol (since Linux 4.11), and SMC-D (shared memory communications, direct memory  access)  protocol  for
              intra-node  z/VM  quest  interaction  (since Linux 4.19); has no relation to AF_RDS, AF_IUCV or AF_VSOCK.  See RFC 7609 IBM's Shared Memory Communications
              over RDMA (SMC-R) Protocol ⟨https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7609⟩ for details regarding SMC-R.  See  SMC-D  Reference  Information  ⟨https://www-01.ibm.com
              /software/network/commserver/SMC-D/index.html⟩ for details regarding SMC-D.

       AF_XDP XDP (express data path) interface (since Linux 4.18).  See Documentation/networking/af_xdp.rst in the Linux kernel source tree for details.

SEE ALSO
       socket(2), socket(7)

Linux                                                                          2021-03-22                                                            ADDRESS_FAMILIES(7)