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??????????????????????????????????????????????
? ?
? ------Narcotic Pain Relievers------ ?
? ?
? A. Narcotic and Aspirin ?
? B. Narcotic and Acetaminophen ?
? C. Narcotic Analgesics ?
? ?
??????????????????????????????????????????????
NARCOTIC AND ASPIRIN
BRAND NAMES (Generic names in capitals)
222 Darvon-N with A.S.A.
282 Dolene Compound
292 Doxaphene Compound
A&C with codeine DROCODE, ASPIRIN & CAFFEINE
A.C.& C. Emcodeine
Ancasal Empirin with Codeine
Anexsia with Codeine HYDROCODONE, ASPIRIN & CAFFEINE
Anexsia-D Instantine Plus
A.S.A. and Codeine Novo AC&C
Compound Oxycodan
Ascriptin with Codeine OXYCODONE & ASPIRIN
ASPIRIN & CODEINE PENTAZOCINE & ASPIRIN
ASPIRIN, CODEINE & Percodan
CAFFEINE Percodan-Demi
Bexophene PROPOXYPHENE & ASPIRIN
BUFFERED ASPIRIN & PROPOXYPHENE ASPIRIN &
CODEINE CAFFEINE
Codoxy SK-65 Compound
Coryphen with Codeine SK-Oxycodone with Aspirin
C2 with Codeine Synalgos-DC
Damason-P Talwin Compound
Darvon Compound
Darvon with A.S.A.
BASIC INFORMATION
Habit forming? Yes
Prescription needed? Yes
Available as generic? Yes
Drug class: Narcotic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory
USES
Reduces pain, fever, inflammation.
Suppresses cough.
DOSAGE AND USAGE INFORMATION
How to take:
Tablet or capsule--Swallow with liquid. If you can't
swallow whole, crumble tablet or open capsule and take
with liquid or food.
When to take:
When needed. No more often than every 4 hours.
If you forget a dose:
Take as soon as you remember. Wait 4 hours for next
dose.
What drug does:
Affects hypothamamus, the part of the brain which
regulates temperature by dilating small blood vessels in
skin.
Prevents clumping of platelets (small blood cells) so
blood vessels remain open.
Decreases prostaglandin effect.
Suppresses body's pain messages.
Reduces sensitivity of brain's cough-control center.
Time lapse before drug works:
30 minutes.
Don't take with:
Tetracyclines. Space doses 1 hour apart.
POSSIBLE ADVERSE REACTIONS OR SIDE EFFECTS
Symptoms What To Do
Life-threatening:
Hives, rash, intense Seek emergency treatment
itching, faintness immediately.
soon after a dose
(anaphylaxis).
Clot or pain over Discontinue. Seek
blood vessel, cold emergency treatment.
hands, feet.
Common:
Nausea, abdominal Discontinue. Call doctor
cramps or pain. right away.
Dizziness, red or Continue. Call doctor
flushed face, frequent when convenient.
urination, unusual
tiredness, ringing
in ears, heartburn,
indigestion.
Infrequent:
Constipation, Discontinue. Call doctor
abdominal pain or right away.
cramps, vomiting.
Rare:
Slow heartbeat; Discontinue. Call doctor
change in vision; right away.
black, bloody or
tarry stool; blood
in urine; jaundice.
Depression, blurred Continue. Call doctor
vision. when convenient.
OVERDOSE
Symptoms:
Ringing in ears; nausea; vomiting; dizziness; fever;
deep sleep; slow breathing; slow pulse; flushed, warm
skin; constricted pupils; hallucinatins; convulsions;
coma.
What to do:
Dial 0 (operator) or 911 (emergency) for an ambulance or
medical help. Then give first aid immediately.
If patient is unconscious and not breathing, give
mouth-to-mouth breathing. If there is no heartbeat, use
cardiac massage and mouth-to-mouth breathing (CPR).
Don't try to make patient vomit. If you can't get help
quickly, take patient to nearest emergency facility.
See emergency information.
WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS
Don't take if:
You are allergic to any narcotic or subject to any
substance abuse.
You have a peptic ulcer of stomach of duodenum or a
bleeding disorder.
Before you start, consult your doctor:
If you have impaired liver or kidney function, asthma or
nasal polyps.
If you have had stomach or duodenal ulcers, gout.
If you will have surgery within 2 months, including
dental surgery, requiring general or spinal anesthesia.
Over age 60:
More likely to be drowsy, dizzy, unsteady or
constipated. Use only if absolutely necessary.
More likely to cause hidden bleeding in stomach or
intestines. Watch for dark stools.
Pregnancy:
Risk to unborn child outweighs drug benefits. Don't
use.
Breast-feeding:
Drug passes into milk and may harm child. Avoid drug or
discontinue nursing until you finish medicine. Consult
doctor for advice on maintaining milk supply.
Infants and children:
Not recommended.
Prolonged use:
Causes psychologican and physican dependence (addiction)
Kidney damage. Periodic kidney-function test
recommended.
Skin and sunlight:
May cause rash or intensify sunburn in areas exposed to
sun or sunlamp.
Driving, piloting or hazardous work:
Don't drive or pilot aircraft until you learn how
medicine affects you. Don't work around dangerous
machinery. Don't climb ladders or work in high places.
Danger increases if you drink alcohol or take medicine
affecting alertness and reflexes, such as
antihistamines, tranquilizers, sedatives, pain
medicine, narcotics and mind-altering drugs.
Discontinuing:
May be unnecessary to finish medicine. Follow doctor's
instructions.
Others:
Aspirin can complicate surgery, pregnancy, labor and
delivery, and illness.
Urine tests for blood sugar may be inaccurate.
POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER DRUGS
Generic Name or Drug Class Combined Effect
Acebutolol Decreased antihypertensive
effect of acebutolol.
Allopurinol Decreased allopurinol
effect.
Antacids Decreased aspirin effect.
Anticoagulants Increased anticoagulant
effect. Abnormal
bleeding.
Antidepressants Increased sedative
effect.
Antidiabetics (oral) Low blood sugar.
Anti-inflammatory drugs Risk of stomach bleeding
(non-steroid) and ulcers.
Aspirin (other) Likely aspirin toxicity.
Cortisone drugs Increased cortisone
effect. Risk of ulcers
and stomach bleeding.
Furosemide Possible aspirin toxicity.
Gold compounds Increased likelihood of
kidney damage.
Indomethacin Risk of stomach bleeding
and ulcers.
Methotrexate Increased methotrexate
effect.
Minoxidil Decreased minoxidil
effect.
Narcotics (other) Increased narcotic effect.
Nitrates Excessive blood-pressure
drop.
Oxprenolol Decreased antihypertensive
effect of oxprenolol.
Para-aminosalicylic acid Possible aspirin toxicity.
(PAS)
Penicillins Increased effect of both
drugs.
Phenobarbital Decreased aspirin effect.
Phenytoin Increased phenytoin
effect.
Probenecid Decreased probenecid
effect.
Propranolol Decreased aspirin effect.
Rauwolfia alkaloids Decreased aspirin effect.
Salicylates (other) Likely aspirin toxicity.
Sedatives Increased sedative effect.
Sleep inducers Increased sedative effect.
Sleep inducer.
Spironolactone Decreased spironolactone
effect.
Sulfinpyrazone Decreased sulfinpyrazone
effect.
Terfenadine Possible excessive
sedation. May conceal
symptoms of aspirin
overdose, such as
ringing in ears.
Tranquilizers Increased sedative effect.
Vitamin C (large doses) Possible aspirin toxicity.
POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER SUBSTANCES
Interacts With Combined Effect
Alcohol Possible stomach
irritation and bleeding.
Increases alcohol's
intoxicating effect.
Avoid
Beverages None expected.
Cocaine Decreased cocaine toxic
effects. Avoid.
Foods None expected.
Marijuana Impairs physical and
mental performance.
Avoid.
Tobacco None expected.
NARCOTIC & ACETAMINOPHEN
BRAND NAMES (Generic names in capitals)
ACETAMINOPHEN & CODEINE Lortab 7
Aceta with Codeine MEPERIDINE & ACETAMINOPHEN
Amacodone Norcet
Atasol with Codeine Oxycocet
Bancap-HC OXYCODONE & ACETAMINOPHEN
Bayapap with Codeine PENTAZOCINE & ACETAMINOPHEN
Codap Percocet
Co-gesic Percocet-Demi
Cotabs Phenaphen with Codeine
Darvocet-N PROPOXYPHENE & ACETAMINOPHEN
Demerol-APAP Proval
Dolacet SK-APAP with Codeine
Dolene-AP SK-Oxycodone and
Dolo-Pap Acetaminophen
Duradyne DHC SK-65 APAP
Empracet with Codeine Talacen
Exdol with Codeine T-Gesic Forte
Hycodaphen Tylenol with Codeine
HYDROCODONE & ACETAMINOPHEN Tylox
Hydrogesic Ty-Tabs
Lortab 5 Vicodin
Wygesic
BASIC INFORMATION
Habit forming? Yes
Prescription needed? Yes
Available as generic? Yes
Drug class: Narcotic, analgesic, fever-reducer
USES
Relieves pain.
Suppresses cough.
DOSAGE AND USAGE INFORMATION
How to take:
Tablet or capsule--Swallow with liquid. If you can't
swallow whole, crumble tablet or open capsule and take
with liquid or food.
Drops or liquid--Dilute dose in beverage before
swallowing.
When to take:
When needed. No more often than every 4 hours.
If you forget a dose:
Take as soon as you remember. Wait 4 hours for next
dose.
What drug does:
May affect hypothalamus--the part of the brain that
helps regulate body heat and receives body's pain
messages.
Blocks pain messages to brain and spinal cord.
Reduces sensitivity of brain's cough-control center.
Time lapse before drug works:
15 to 30 minutes. May last 4 hous.
Don't take with:
Other drugs with acetaminophen. Too much acetaminophen
can damage liver and kidneys.
POSSIBLE ADVERSE REACTIONS OR SIDE EFFECTS
Symptoms What To Do
Life-threatening:
Irregular or slow Discontinue. Seek emergency
heartbeat, difficult treatment.
breathing.
Common:
Dizziness, agitation, Continue. Call doctor
tiredness. when convenient.
Infrequent:
Abdominal pain, Discontinue. Call doctor
constipation, vomiting. right away.
Rare:
Fatigue; itchy skin; Discontinue. Call doctor
rash; sore throat, right away.
fever, mouth sores;
bruising and bleeding
increased; painful or
difficult urination;
blood in urine; anemia;
blurred vision.
Depression. Continue. Call doctor
when convenient.
OVERDOSE
Symptoms:
Stomach upset; irritability; convulsions; deep sleep;
slow breathing; slow pulse; flushed, warm skin;
constricted pupils; coma.
What to do:
Dial 0 (operator) or 911 (emergency) for an ambulance or
medical help. Then give first aid immediately.
If patient is unconscious and not breathing, give
mouth-to-mouth breathing. If there is no heartbeat, use
cardiac massage and mouth-to-mouth breathing (CPR).
Don't try to make patient vomit. If you can't get
help quickly, take patient to nearest emergency
facility.
See emergency information.
WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS
Don't take if:
You are allergic to any narcotic or acetaminophen.
Your symptoms don't improve after 2 days use. Call your
doctor.
Before you start, consult your doctor:
If you have bronchial asthma, kidney disease or liver
damage.
If you will have surgery within 2 months, including
dental surgery, requiring general or spinal anesthesia.
Over age 60:
More likely to be drowsy, dizzy, unsteady or
constipated. Don't exceed recommended dose. You can't
emiminate drug as efficiently as younger persons. Use
only if absolutely necessary.
Pregnancy:
Decide with your doctor whether drug benefits justify
risk to unborn child. Abuse by pregnant woman will
result in addicted newborn. Withdrawal of newborn can
be life-threatening.
Breast-feeding:
Drug filters into milk. May harm child. Avoid.
Infants and children:
Not recommended.
Prolonged use:
Causes psychological and physical dependence
(addiction).
May affect blood stream and cause anemia. Limit use to
5 days for children 12 and under, and 10 days for
adults.
Skin and sunlight:
May cause rash or intensify sunburn in areas exposed to
sun or sunlamp.
Driving, piloting or hazardous work:
Don't drive or pilot aircraft until you learn how
medicine affects you. Don't work around dangerous
machinery. Don't climb ladders or work in high places.
Danger increases if you drink alcohol or take medicine
affecting alertness and reflexes, such as
antihistamines, tranquilizsers, sedatives, pain
medicine, narcotics and mind-altering drugs.
Discontinuing:
Discontinue in 2 days if symptoms don't improve.
POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER DRUGS
Generic Name or Drug Class Combined Effect
Analgesics (other) Increased analgesic effect.
Anticoagulants (other) May increase anticoagulant
effect. Prothrombin times
should be monitored.
Anticholinergics Increased anticholinergic
effect.
Antidepressants Increased sedative effect.
Antihistamines Increased sedative effect.
Mind-altering drugs Increased sedative effect.
Narcotics (other) Increased narcotic effect.
Nitrates Excessive blood-pressure
drop.
Phenobarbital and other Quicker elimination and
barbiturates decreased effect of
acetaminophen.
Phenothiazines Increased phenothiazine
effect.
Sedatives Increased sedative effect.
Sleep inducers Increased sedative effect.
Terfenadine Possible oversedation.
Tetracyclines May slow tetracycline
absorption. Space doses
2 hours apart.
Tranquilizers Increased sedative effect.
POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER SUBSTANCES
Interacts With Combined Effect
Alcohol Increases alcohol's
intoxicating effect.
Avoid.
Beverages None expected.
Cocaine Increased cocaine toxic
effects. Avoid.
Foods None expected.
Marijuana Impairs physical and
mental performance.
Avoid.
Tobacco None expected.
NARCOTIC ANALGESICS
BRAND NAMES AND GENERIC NAMES
(Generic Names in capitals)
642 Dolophine Pargesic
Aceta w/Codeine Dolor Pavadon
Acetaco Doxaphene Paveral
Acetaminophen/Codeine Dromoran Pediacof
Actifed-C Dularin PENTAZOCINE
Actifec_C Expectorant Duramorph PF Percodan
Adatuss Dynosal Pethadol
Algodex Empirin w/Codeine Pethidine
Ambenyl Empracet w/Codeine Phenaphen w/Codeine
Anaphen Emprazil-C Phenergan
A.P.C. w/Codeine Phos. Ephedrol w/Codeine Phrenilin
Arthralgen Epimorph Physeptone
Ascriptin w/Codeine Esgic Poly-Histine w/Codeine
Aspirin w/Codeine FL-Tussex Presalin
Axotal Florinal w/Codeine Prodolor
Bancap w/Codeine Fortral Profene
Banesin Forte Gaysal Promethazine w/Codeine
More [Y,n,=]? =
BUTORPHANOL Hasacode Pro-65
Calcidrine Hycodan Proxagesic
Calcidrine Syrup Hycotuss Proxene
Capital w/Codeine HYDROCODONE Prunicodeine
Cetro Cirose HYDROMORPHONE RMS Uniserts
Cheracol Isoclor Robidone
Coastaldyne Levo-Dromoran Robitussin A-C
Coastalgesic Levorphan Roxanol
Codalan LEVORPHANOL Roxanol SR
Codalex Liquix-C S-A-C
Codap Lo-Tussin Salatin
CODEINE Maxigesic Saleto
Codeine Sulfate Mepergan Fortis Salimeph Forte
Codimal PH MEPERIDINE Sedapap
Coditrate METHADONE SK-APAP w/Codeine
Codone Methadose Soma Comp.w/Codeine
Colrex Compound Metrogesic Sorbase II
Copavin Minotal Stadol
Corutol DH MORPHINE Statex
Cotussis Morphitec Strascogesic
Co-Xan M.O.S. Syrup Supac
Dapase MS Contin Supeudol
Darvocet-N 100 MSIR Sylapar
Darvon MST Continus Synalgos-DC
Demer-idine NALBUPHINE Talwin
Demerol Novahistine DH Talwin-NX
Depronal-SA Novopropoxyn Terpin Hydrate w/Cod.
Dialog Nubain Triaminic w/Codeine
Dicodid Numorphan Trigesic
Dihydromorphinone OPIUM Tussar
Dilaudid Ossonate-Plus Tussend
Dilaudid-HP OXYCODONE Tussi-Organidin
Dimetane-DC OXYMORPHONE Tylenol w/Codeine
Dimetane Expectorant Pantapon Vicodin
Dolene PAREGORIC
BASIC INFORMATION
Habit forming? Yes
Prescription needed? Yes
Available as generic? Yes
Drug class: Narcotic
USES
Relieves pain.
Suppresses cough.
DOSAGE AND USAGE INFORMATION
How to take:
Tablet or capsule--Swallow with liquid. If you can't swallow
whole, crumble tablet or open capsule and take with liquid or
food.
Drops or liquid--Dilute dose in beverage before swallowing.
When to take:
When needed. No more often than every 4 hours.
If you forget a dose:
Take as soon as you remember. Wait 4 hours for next dose.
What drug does:
Blocks pain messages to brain and spinal cord.
Reduces sensitivity of brain's cough-control center.
Time lapse before drug works:
30 minutes.
Don't take with:
See interaction column and consult doctor.
POSSIBLE ADVERSE REACTIONS OR SIDE EFFECTS
Symptoms What to do
____________________________________________________________________
Life-threatening:
None expected.
Common:
Dizziness, flushed face, Continue. Call doctor when
difficult urination, unusual convenient.
tiredness.
Infrequent:
Severe constipation, Discontinue. Call doctor
abdominal pain, vomiting right away.
Rare:
Hives, rash, itchy skin, Discontinue. Call doctor
face swelling, slow right away.
heartbeat, irregular
breathing.
Depression, blurred vision. Continue. Call doctor when
convenient.
OVERDOSE
Symptoms:
Deep sleep, slow breathing; slow pulse; flushed, warm skin;
constricted pupils.
What to do:
Dial 0 (operator) or 911 (emergency) for an ambulance or
medical help. Then give first aid immediately.
If patient is unconscious and not breathing, give
mouth-to-mouth breathing. If there is no heartbeat, use
cardiac massage and mouth-to-mouth breathing (CPR). Don't try
to make patient vomit. If you can't get help quickly, take
patient to nearest emergency facility.
See emergency information.
WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS
Don't take if:
You are allergic to any narcotic.
Before you start, consult your doctor:
If you have impaired liver or kidney function.
If you will have surgery within 2 months, including dental
surgery, requiring general or spinal anesthesia.
Over age 60:
More likely to be drowsy, dizzy, unsteady or constipated. Use
only if absolutely necessary.
Pregnancy:
Decide with your doctor whether drug benefits justify risk to
unborn child. Abuse by pregnant woman will result in addicted
newborn. Withdrawal of newborn can be life-threatening.
Breast-feeding:
Drug filters into milk. May harm child. Avoid.
Infants & children:
Not recommended.
Prolonged use:
Causes psychological and physical dependence (addiction).
Skin and sunlight:
May cause rash or intensify sunburn in areas exposed to sun or
sunlamp.
Driving, piloting or hazardous work:
Don't drive or pilot aircraft until you learn how medicine
affects you. Don't work around dangerous machinery. Don't
climb ladders or work in high places. Danger increases if
you drink alcohol or take medicine affecting alertness and
reflexes, such as antihistamines, tranquilizers, sedatives,
pain medicine, narcotics and mind-altering drugs.
Discontinuing:
May be unnecessary to finish medicine. Follow doctor's
instructions.
Others:
No problems expected.
POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER DRUGS
Generic name or drug class Combined effect
____________________________________________________________________
Analgesics (other) Increased analgesic effect.
Anticholinergics Increased anticholinergic
effect.
Antidepressants Increased sedative effect.
Antihistamines Increased sedative effect.
Mind-altering drugs Increased sedative effect.
Molindone Increased narcotic effect.
Narcotics (other) Increased narcotic effect.
Nitrates Excessive blood-pressure drop.
Phenothiazines Increased phenothiazine
effect.
Sedatives Increased sedative effect.
Sleep inducers Increased sedative effect.
Terfenadine Possible oversedation.
Tranquilizers Increased sedative effect.
POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER SUBSTANCES
Interacts with Combined effect
____________________________________________________________________
Alcohol Increases alcohol's
intoxicating effect. Avoid.
Beverages None expected.
Cocaine Increased cocaine toxic
effects. Avoid.
Foods None expected.
Marijuana Impairs physical and mental
performance. Avoid.
Tobacco None expected.
??????????????????????????????????????????????
? ?
? ------Dermal (Skin) Medications------ ?
? ?
? A. Anesthetics (Topical) ?
? B. Benzoyl Peroxide ?
? C. Isotretinoin ?
? ?
??????????????????????????????????????????????
ANESTHETICS (TOPICAL)
BRAND AND GENERIC NAMES (generic names in capitals)
Aero Caine CYCLOMETHYCAINE Nupercainal Cream
Aero Caine Aerosol Derma-Medicone Nupercainal Oint.
Aerotherm Dermacoat Nupercainal Spray
Americaine Dermo-Gen Panthocal A & D
Americaine Aerosol Dermoplast Perifoam
Americaine Oint. Dibucaine Pontocaine
Anbesol Diothane Pontocaine Cream
Anestacon DIPERODON Pontocaine Oint.
Bactine Dyclone PRAMOXINE
Benzocaine DYCLONINE Prax
Benzocaine Topical Ethyl Aminobenzoate Proctodon
Benzocal Foille Proctofoam
BiCozene Hexathricin Aerospra Proxine
Burntame HEXYLCAINE Quotane
BUTACAINE Hurricaine Rectal Medicone
BUTAMBEN Isotraine Soft-N-Soothe
Butesin Picrate Ivy-Dry Cream Solarcaine
Butyl aminobenzoate Lanacane Surfacaine
Butyn Sulfate Lida-Mantle Tega-Caine
Caine Spray Lidocaine Tega-Dyne
Cal-Vi-Nol Lidocaine Oint. TETRACAINE
Cetacaine Lignocaine Tronolane
Cetacine Medicone Tronothane
Chiggerex Medicone Dressing Unguentine
Chiggertox Mercurochrome II Unguentine Plus
Clinicaine Morusan Unguentine Spray
Cyclaine Nupercainal Urolocaine
Cyclaine Solution Velvacaine
Xylocaine
Xylocaine Oint.
BASIC INFORMATION
Habit forming? No
Prescription needed?
High strength: Yes
Low strength: No
Available as generic? Yes
Drug class: Anesthetic (topical)
USES
Releives pain and itch of sunburn, insect bites, scratches
and other minor skin irritations.
Relieves discomfort and itch of hemorrhoids and other
disorders of anus and rectum.
DOSAGE AND USAGE INFORMATION
How to use:
Suppositories--Remove wrapper and moisten suppository
with water. Gently insert larger end into rectum. Push
well into rectum with finger.
All other forms--Use only enough to cover irritated
area. Follow instructions on label.
When to use:
When needed for discomfort, no more often than every
hour.
If you forget an application:
Use as needed.
What drug does:
Blocks pain impulses from skin to brain.
Time lapse before drug works:
3 to 15 minutes.
POSSIBLE ADVERSE REACTIONS OR SIDE EFFECTS
Symptoms What To Do
Life-threatening:
None expected.
Common:
None expected.
Infrequent:
Nervousness; Discontinue. Call doctor
trembling; hives, right away.
rash, itch;
inflammation or
tenderness not
present before
application; slow
heartbeat.
Dizziness, blurred Continue. Call doctor
vision, swollen feet. when convenient.
Rare:
Blood in urine. Discontinue. Call doctor
right away.
Increased or painful Continue. Call doctor
urination. when convenient.
OVERDOSE
Symptoms:
If swallowed or inhaled--dizziness, nervousness,
trembling, seizures.
What to do:
Dial 0 (operator) or 911 (emergency) for an ambulance or
medical help. Then give first aid immediately.
See emergency information.
WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS
Don't use if:
You are allergic to any topical anesthetic.
Before you start, consult your doctor:
If you have skin infection at site of treatment.
If you have had severe or extensive skin disorders such
as eczema or psoriasis.
If you have bleeding hemorrhoids.
Over age 60:
Adverse reactions and side effects may be more frequent
and severe than in younger persons.
Pregnancy:
No proven harm to unborn child. Avoid it possible.
Breast-feeding:
No problems expected.
Infants and children.
Use caution. More likely to be absorbed through skin and
cause adverse reactions.
Prolonged use:
Possible excess absorption. Don't use longer than 3 days
for any one problem.
Skin and sunlight:
No problems expected.
Driving, piloting or hazardous work:
No problems expected.
Discontinuing:
May be unnecessary to finish medicine. Follow doctor's
instructions.
Others:
No problems expected.
POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER DRUGS
Generic Name or Drug Class Combined Effect
Sulfa drugs Decreased effect of sulfa
drugs for infection.
POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER SUBSTANCES
Interacts With Combined Effect
Alcohol None expected.
Beverages None expected.
Cocaine Possible nervous-system
toxicity. Avoid.
Foods None expected.
Marijuana None expected.
Tobacco None expected.
BENZOYL PEROXIDE
BRAND NAMES
Acetoxyl H2Oxyl
Acne-Aid Intraderm-19
Allercreme Clear-up Loroxide
Alquam-X Neutrogena Acne Mask
Ben-Aqua Oxyderm
Benoxyl Oxy-5
Benzac Oxy-10
Benzac W PanOxyl
Benzagel PanOxyl AQ
Buf-Oxal Persadox
Clear By Design Persadox HP
Clearasil Persa-Gel
Clearasil BP(M) Persa-Gel W
Cuticura Acne PHisoAc BP
Dermodex Porox 7
Dermoxyl Propa P.H.
Desquam-X Propa P.H. Porox
Dry and Clean Teen
Dry and Clear Topex
Eloxyl Vanoxide
Epi-Clear Vanoxide-HC
Fostex Xerac BP
Foxtex BPO Zeroxin
BASIC INFORMATION
Habit forming? No
Prescription needed? No
Available as generic? Yes
Drug class: Antiacne (topical)
USES
Treatment for acne.
Decreases wrinkles in face.
DOSAGE AND USAGE INFORMATION
How to use:
Cream, gel, pads, sticks or lotion--Wash affected area
with plain soap and water. Dry gently with towel. Rub
medicine into affected areas. Keep away from eyes,
nose, mouth.
When to use:
Apply 1 or more times daily. If you have a fair
complexion, start with single application at bedtime.
If you forget an application:
Use as soon as you remember.
What drug does:
Slowly releases oxygen from skin, which controls some
skin bacteria. Also causes peeling and drying, helping
control blackheads and whiteheads.
Time lapse before drug works:
1 to 2 weeks.
POSSIBLE ADVERSE REACTIONS OR SIDE EFFECTS
Symptoms What To Do
Life-threatening
None expected.
Common:
None expected.
Infrequent:
Rash, excessive Discontinue. Call doctor
dryness. right away.
Painful skin Continue. Call doctor
irritation. when convenient.
Rare:
None expected.
OVERDOSE
Symptoms:
None expected.
What to do:
If person swallows drug, call doctor, poison-control
center or hospital emergency room for instructions.
See emergency information.
WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS
Don't take if:
You are allergic to benzoyl peroxide.
Before you start, consult your doctor:
If you plan to become pregnant within medication period.
If you take oral contraceptives.
Over age 60:
No problems expected.
Pregnancy:
No proben problems. Consult doctor.
Breast-feeding:
No proven problems. Consult doctor.
Infants and children:
Not recommended.
Prolonged use:
Permanent rash or scarring.
Skin and sunlight:
No problems expected.
Driving, piloting or hazardous work:
No problems expected.
Discontinuing:
May be unnecessary to finish medicine. Discontinue when
acne improves.
If acne doesn't improve in 2 weeks, call doctor.
Others:
Keep away from hair and clothing. May bleach.
Store away from heat in cool, dry place.
Avoid contact with eyes, lips, nose and sensitive areas
of the neck.
POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER DRUGS
Generic Name or Drug Class Combined Effect
Antiacne topical Excessive skin irritation.
preparations (other)
Skin-peeling agents Excessive skin irritation.
(salicylic acid,
sulfur, resorcinol,
tretinoin).
POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER SUBSTANCES
Interacts With Combined Effect
Alcohol None expected.
Beverages None expected.
Cocaine None expected.
Foods
Cinnamon, foods Skin rash.
with benzoic acid.
Marijuana None expected.
Tobacco None expected.
ISOTRETINOIN
BRAND NAMES
Accutane
BASIC INFORMATION
Habit forming? No
Prescription needed? Yes
Available as generic? No
Drug classification: Antiacne
USES
Decreases cystic acne formation in severe cases.
Certain other skin disorders involving an overabundance of
outer skin layer.
DOSAGE AND USAGE INFORMATION
How to take:
Tablet or capsule--Swallow with liquid or food to lessen
stomach irritation. If you can't swallow whole, crumble
tablet or open capsule and take with liquid or food.
When to take:
Twice a day. Follow prescription directions.
If you forget a dose:
Take as soon as you remember up to 2 hours late. If
more than 2 hours, wait for next scheduled dose and
double dose.
What drug does:
Reduces sebaceous gland activity and size.
Time lapse before drug works:
May require 15 to 20 weeks to experience full benefit.
Don't take with:
Vitamin A or supplements containing Vitamin A.
POSSIBLE ADVERSE SIDE EFFECTS
Symptoms What To Do
Life-threatening:
None expected.
Common:
Burning, red, itching Discontinue. Call doctor
eyes; lip scaling. right away.
Itchy skin. Continue. Call doctor
when convenient.
Frequent:
Dry mouth. Continue. Tell doctor
at next visit. (Suck
ice or chew gum).
Infrequent:
Rash, infection, Discontinue. Call doctor
nausea, vomiting. right away.
Headache; pain in Continue. Call doctor
muscles, bones, when convenient.
joints; hair thinning;
tiredness.
Rare:
None expected.
OVERDOSE
Symptoms:
None reported.
What to do:
Overdose unlikely to threaten life. If person takes
much larger amount than prescribed, call doctor,
poison-control center or hospital emergency room for
instructions.
WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS
Don't take if:
You are allergic to isotretinoin.
You are pregnant or plan pregnancy.
Before you start, consult your doctor:
If you have diabetes.
If you or any member of family have high triglyceride
levels in blood.
Over age 60:
Adverse reactions and side effects may be more frequent
and severe than in younger persons.
Pregnancy:
Risk to unborn child outweighs drug benefits. Don't
use.
Breast-feeding:
Drug filters into milk. May harm child. Avoid.
Infants and children:
Not recommended.
Prolonged use:
Possible damage to cornea.
Skin and sunlight:
May cause rash or intensify sunburn in areas exposed to
sun or sunlamp.
Driving, piloting or hazardous work:
No problems expected.
Discontinuing:
Single course of treatment usually all needed. If
second course required, wait 8 weeks after completing
first course.
Others:
Use only for severe cases of cystic acne that have not
responded to less hazardous forms of acne treatment.
POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER DRUGS
Generic Name or Drug Class Combined Effect
Vitamin A Additive toxic effect
of each. Avoid.
POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER SUBSTANCES
Interacts With Combined Effect
Alcohol Significant increase in
triglycerides in blood.
Avoid.
Beverages No problems expected.
Cocaine Increased chance of
toxicity of isotretinoin.
Avoid.
Foods No problems expected.
Marijuana Increased chance of
toxicity of isotretinoin.
Avoid.
Tobacco May decrease absorption
of medicine. Avoid
tobacco while in
treatment.
CHECKLIST FOR SAFER DRUG USE
Tell your doctor about any drug you take (even aspirin,
allergy pills, laxatives, vitamins, etc.) before you take any
new drug.
Learn all you can about drugs you may take before you take
them. Information sources are your doctor, your nurse, your
pharmacist, books in your public library and this file.
Don't take drugs prescribed for someone else--even if your
symptoms are the same.
Keep your prescription drugs to yourself. Your drugs may be
harmful to someone else.
Tell your doctor about any symptoms you believe are caused by
a drug--prescription or non-prescription--that you take.
Take only medicines that are necessary. Avoid taking
non-prescription drugs while taking prescription drugs for a
medical problem.
Before your doctor prescribes for you, tell him about your
previous experiences with any drug--beneficial results,
adverse reactions or allergies.
Take medicine in good light after you have identified it. If
you wear glasses to read, put them on to check drug labels.
It is easy to take the wrong drug at the wrong time.
Don't keep any drugs that change mood, alertness or
judgment--such as sedatives, narcotics or tranquilizers--by
your bedside. These cause many accidental deaths by overdose.
You may unknowingly repeat a dose when you are half asleep or
confused.
Know the names of your medicines. These include the generic
name, the brand name and the generic names of all ingredients
in a drug mixture. Your doctor, nurse or pharmacist can give
you this information.
Study the labels on all non-prescription drugs. If the
information is incomplete or if you have questions, ask the
pharmacist for more details.
If you must deviate from your prescribed dose schedule, tell
your doctor.
Shake liquid medicines before taking.
???????????????????????????????????
? ?
? ------Anti-infectives------ ?
? ?
? A. Chloramphenicol ?
? B. Erythromycins ?
? C. Clindamycin ?
? D. Lincomycin ?
? E. Trimthroprim ?
? ?
???????????????????????????????????
CHLORAMPHENICOL
BRAND NAMES
Amphicol Mychel
Antibiopto Mychel-S
Chloromycetin Nova-Phenicol
Cloroptic Novochlorocap
Econochlor Ophthochlor
Fenicol Ophthocort
Isopto Fenicol Pentamycetin
Minims Sopamycetin
BASIC INFORMATION
Habit forming? No
Prescription needed? Yes
Available as generic? Yes
Drug class: Antibiotic
USES
Treatment of infections susceptible to chlorampehnicol.
DOSAGE AND USAGE INFORMATION
How to take:
Tablet or capsule--Swallow with liquid.
Eye solution or ointment, ear solution or cream--Follow
label instructions.
When to take:
Tablet or capsule--1 hour before or 2 hours after
eating.
If you forget a dose:
Take as soon as you remember up to 2 hours late. If
more than 2 hours, wait for next scheduled dose (don't
double this dose).
What drug does:
Prevents bacteria from growing and reproducing. Will
not kill viruses.
Time lapse before drug works:
2 to 5 days, depending on type and severity of
infection.
POSSIBLE ADVERSE REACTIONS OR SIDE EFFECTS
Symptoms What To Do
Life-threatening:
Hives, rash Seek emergency treatment
intense itching, immediately.
faintness soon
after a dose
(anaphylaxis).
Common:
None expected
Infrequent:
Swollen face or Discontinue. Call doctor
extremities; diarrhea; right away.
nausea; vomiting;
numbness, tingling,
burning pain or
weakness in hands
and feet.
Headache, confusion Continue. Call doctor
when convenient.
Rare:
Pain, blurred vision, Discontinue. Call doctor
possible vision loss, right away.
sore throat, fever,
jaundice, anemia.
OVERDOSE
Symptoms:
Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea.
What to do:
Overdose unlikely to threaten life. If person takes
much larger amount than prescribed, call doctor,
poison-control center or hospital emergency room for
instructions.
WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS
Don't take if:
You are allergic to chloramphenicol.
It is prescribed for a minor disorder such as flu, cold
or mild sore throat.
Before you start, consult your doctor:
If you have had a blood disorder or bone-marrow disease.
If you have had kidney or liver disease.
If you have diabetes.
Over age 60:
Adverse reactions and side effects may be more frequent
and severe than in younger persons, particularly skin
irritation around rectum.
Pregnancy:
Risk ot unborn child outweighs drug benefits. Don't
use.
Breast-feeding:
Drug passes into milk. Avoid drug or discontinue
nursing until you finish medicine. Consult doctor for
advice on maintaining milk supply.
Infants and children:
Don't give to infants younger than 2.
Prolonged use:
You may become more susceptible to infections caused by
germs not responsive to chloramphenicol.
Skin and sunlight:
No problems expected.
Driving, piloting or hazardous work:
Don't drive or pilot aircraft until you learn how
medicine affects you. Don't work around dangerous
machinery. Don't climb ladders or work in high places.
Danger increases if you drink alcohol or take medicine
affecting alertness and reflexes.
Discontinuing:
Don't discontinue without doctor's advice until you
complete prescribed dose, even though symptoms diminish
or disappear.
Others:
Chloramphenicol can cause serious anemia. Frequent
laboratory blood studies, liver and kidney tests
recommended.
Second medical opinion recommended before starting.
POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER DRUGS
Generic Name or Drug Class Combined Effect
Anticoagulants Increased anticoagulant
effect.
Antidiabetics (oral) Increased antidiabetic
effect.
Cyclophosphamide Decreased cyclophosphamide
effect.
Flecainide Possible decreased
blood-cell production in
bone marrow.
Penicillins Decreased penicillin
effect.
Phenytoin Increased phenytoin
effect.
Tocainide Possible decreased
blood-cell production in
bone marrow.
POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER SUBSTANCES
Interacts With Combined Effect
Alcohol Possible liver problems.
May cause disulfiram
reaction (see Glossary).
Beverages None expected.
Cocaine No proven problems.
Foods None expected.
Marijuana None expected.
Tobacco None expected.
ERYTHROMYCINS
BRAND AND GENERIC NAMES (Generic names in capitals)
Apo-Erythro-S ERYTHROMYCIN LACTOBIONATE
A/T/S ERYTHROMYCIN STEARATE
Bristamycin Ethril
Downmycin Ilosone
E-Biotic Ilosone Estolate
E.E.S. Ilotycin
E-Mycin Ilotycin Gluceptate
E-Mycin E Kesso-mycin
Eryc Novorythro
Ery-derm Pediazole
EryPed Pediamycin
Erymax Pendiamycin
Erypar Pfizer-E
Ery-Tab Robimycin
Erythrocin RP-Mycin
Erythrocin Ethyl Succinate SK-Erythromycin
Erythromid Staticin
ERYTHROMYCIN T-Star
ERYTHROMYCIN ESTOLATE Wyamycin
ERYTHROMYCIN ETHYLSUCCINATE Wyamycin E
ERYTHROMYCIN GLUCEPTATE Wyamycin S
BASIC INFORMATION
Habit forming? No
Prscription needed? Yes
Available as generic? Yes
Drug class: Antibiotic (erythromycin).
USES
Treatment of infecitons responsive to erythromycin.
DOSAGE AND USAGE INFORMATION
How to take:
Tablet or capsule--Swallow with liquid.
Extended-release tablets or capsules--Swallow each dose
whole. If you take regular tablets, you may chew or
crush them.
Liquid, drops, granules, skin ointment, eye ointment,
skin solution--Follow prescription label directions.
When to take:
At the same times each day, 1 hour before or 2 hours
after eating.
If you forget a dose:
If you take 3 or more doses daily--Take as soon as you
remember. Return to regular schedule.
If you take 2 doses daily--Take as soon as you remember.
Wait 5 to 6 hours for next dose. Return to regular
schedule.
What drug does:
Prevents growth and reproduction of susceptible
bacteria.
Time lapse before drug works:
2 to 5 days.
POSSIBLE ADVERSE REACTIONS OR SIDE EFFECTS
Symptoms What To Do
Life-threatening:
None expected.
Common:
None expected.
Infrequent:
Diarrhea, nausea, Discontinue. Call doctor
stomach cramps, right away.
discomfort, vomiting.
Skin dryness, Continue. Call doctor
irritation, itch, when convenient.
stinging with use of
skin solution, sore
mouth or tongue.
Rare:
Jaundice in adults. Discontinue. Call doctor
right away.
Unusual tiredness Continue. Call doctor
or weakness. when convenient.
OVERDOSE
Symptoms:
Nausea, vomiting, abdominal discomfort, diarrhea.
What to do:
Overdose unlikely to threaten life. If person takes
much larger amount than prescribed, call doctor,
poison-control center or hospital emergency room for
instructions.
WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS
Don't take if:
You are allergic to any erythromycin.
You have had liver disease or impaired liver function.
Before you start, consult your doctor:
If you have taken erythromycin estolate in the past.
Over age 60:
Adverse reactions and side effects may be more frequent
and severe than in younger persons, especially skin
reactions around genitals and anus.
Pregnancy:
No proven harm to unborn child. Avoid if possible.
Breast-feeding:
Drug passes into milk. Avoid drug or discontinue
nursing until you finish medicine. Consult doctor for
advice on maintaining milk supply.
Infants and children:
Use only medical supervision.
Prolonged use:
You may become more susceptible to infections caused by
germs not responsive to erythromycin.
Skin and sunlight:
No problems expected.
Driving, piloting, or hazardous work:
No problems expected.
Discontinuing:
You must take full dose at least 10 consecutive days for
streptococcal or staphylococcal infections.
Others:
No problems expected.
POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER DRUGS
Generic Name or Drug Class Combined Effect
Aminophylline Increased effect of
aminophylline in blood.
Lincomycins Decreased lincomycin
effect.
Oxtriphylline Increased level of
oxtriphylline in blood.
Penicillins Decreased penicillin
effect.
Theophylline Increased level of
theophylline in blood.
POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER SUBSTANCES
Interacts With Combined Effect
Alcohol Possible liver damage.
Beverages None expected.
Cocaine None expected.
Foods None expected.
Marijuana None expected.
Tobacco None expected.
CLINDAMYCIN
BRAND NAMES
Cleocin Dalacin C
Cleocin-T
BASIC INFORMATION
Habit forming? No
Prescription needed? Yes
Available as generic? No
Drug class: Antibiotic (lincomycin)
USES
Treatment of bacterial infections that are susceptible to
clindamycin.
DOSAGE AND USAGE INFORMATION
How to take:
Capsule or liquid--Swallow with liquid 1 hour before or
2 hours after eating.
When to take:
At the same time each day.
If you forget a dose:
Take as soon as you remember up to 2 hours late. If
more than 2 hours, wait for next scheduled dose (don't
double this dose).
What drug does:
Destroys susceptible bacteria. Does not kill viruses.
Time lapse before drug works:
3 to 5 days.
POSSIBLE ADVERSE REACTIONS OR SIDE EFFECTS
Symptoms What to Do
Life-threatening:
None expected.
Common:
None expected.
Infrequent:
Unusual thirst; Discontinue. Call doctor
vomiting; stomach right away.
cramps; severe and
watery diarrhea with
blood or mucus;
painful, swollen
joints; jaundice;
fever; tiredness;
weakness; weight loss.
White patches in Continue. Call doctor
mouth; rash, itch when convenient.
around groin, rectum
or armpits; vaginal
discharg, itching.
Rare:
None expected.
OVERDOSE
Symptoms:
Severe nausea, vomiting, diarrhea.
What to do:
Overdose unlikely to threaten life. If person takes
much larger amount than prescribed, call doctor,
poison-control center or hospital emergency room for
instructions.
WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS
Don't take if:
You are allergic to lincomycins.
You have had ulcerative colitis.
Prescribed for infant under 1 month old.
Before you start, consult your doctor:
If you have had yeast infections of mouth, skin or
vagina.
If you will have surgery within 2 months, including
dental surgery, requiring general or spinal anesthesia.
If you have kidney or liver disease.
If you have allergies of any kind.
Over age 60:
Adverse reactions and side effects may be more frequent
and severe than in younger persons.
Pregnancy:
Risk to unborn child outweighs drug benefits. Don't
use.
Breast-feeding:
Drug passes into milk. Avoid drug or discontinue
nursing until you finish medicine. Consult doctor for
advice on maintaining milk supply.
Infants and children:
Don't give to infants younger than 1 month. Use for
children only under medical supervision.
Prolonged use:
Severe colitis with diarrhea and bleeding.
You may become more susceptible to infections caused by
germs not responsive to clindamycin.
Skin and sunlight:
No problems expected.
Driving, piloting or hazardous work:
No problems expected.
Discontinuing:
Don't discontinue without doctor's advice until you
complete prescribed dose, even though symptoms diminish
or disappear.
POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER DRUGS
Generic Name or Drug Class Combined Effect
Antidiarrheal Decreased clindamycin
preparations effect.
Chloramphenicol Decreased clindamycin
effect.
Erythromycin Decreased clindamycin
effect.
POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER SUBSTANCES
Interacts With Combined Effect
Alcohol None expected.
Beverages None expected.
Cocaine None expected.
Foods None expected.
Marijuana None expected.
Tobacco None expected.
LINCOMYCIN
BRAND AND GENERIC NAMES (Generic names in capitals)
Cleocin Lincocin
CLINDAYCIN LINCOMYCIN
Dalacin C
BASIC INFORMATION
Habit forming? No
Prescription needed? Yes
Available as generic? No
Drug class: Antibiotic (lincomycin)
USES
Treatment of bacterial infections that are susceptible to
lincomycin.
DOSAGE AND USAGE INFORMATION
How to take:
Capsule or liquid--Swallow with liquid 2 hour before or
2 hours afte reating.
When to take:
At the same times each day.
If you forget a dose:
Take as soon as you remember up to 2 hours late. If
more than 2 hours, wait for next scheduled dose (don't
double this dose).
What drug does:
Time lapse before drug works:
3 to 5 days.
POSSIBLE ADVERSE REACTIONS OR SIDE EFFECTS
Symptoms What To Do
Life-threatening:
None expected
Common:
None expected
Infrequent:
Unusual thirst; Discontinue. Call doctor
vomiting; stomach right away.
cramps; severe and
watery diarrhea with
blood or mucus; painful,
swollen joints; jaundice;
fever; tiredness;
weakness; weight loss;
rash; itch around groin,
rectum or armpits; white
patches in mouth; vaginal
discharge, itching.
Rare:
None expected.
OVERDOSE
Symptoms:
Severe nausea, vomiting, diarrhea.
What to do:
Overdose unlikely to threaten life. If person takes
much larger amount than prescribed, call doctor,
poison-control center or hospital emergency room for
instructions.
WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS
Don'take if:
You are allergic to lincomycins.
You have had ulcerative colitis.
Prescribed for infant under 1 month old.
Before you start, consult your doctor:
If you have had yeast infections of mouth, skin or
vagina.
If you will have surgery within 2 months, including
dental surgery, requiring general or spinal anesthesia.
If you have kidney or liver disease.
If you have allergies of any kind.
Over age 60:
Adverse reactions and side effects may be more frequent
and severe than in younger persons.
Pregnancy:
Risk to unborn child outweighs drug benefits. Don't
use.
Breast-feeding:
Drug passes into milk. Avoid drug or discontinue
nursing until you finish medicine. Consult doctor for
advice on maintaining milk supply.
Infants and children:
Don't give to infants younger than 1 month. Use for
children only under medical supervision.
Prolonged use:
Severe colitis with diarrhea and bleeding.
You may become more susceptible to infections caused by
germs not responsive to lincomycin.
Skin and sunlight:
No problems expected.
Driving, piloting or hazardous work:
No problems expected.
Discontinuing:
Don't discontinue without doctor's advice until you
complete prescribed dose, even though symptoms diminish
or disappear.
Others:
No problems expected.
POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER DRUGS
Generic Name or Drug Class Combined Effect
Antidiarrheal Decreased lincomycin
preparations effect.
Chloramphenicol Decreased lincomycin
effect.
Erythromycin Decreased lincomycin
effect.
Loperamide May delay removal of
toxins from colon in
cases of diarrhea
caused by side effects
of lincomycin.
POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER SUBSTANCES
Interacts With Combined Effect
Alcohol None expected.
Beverages None expected.
Cocaine None expected:
Foods None expected.
Marijuana None expected.
Tobacco None expected.
TRIMETHOPRIM
BRAND NAMES
Apo-Sulfatrim Rovbac
Bactrim Septra
Cotrim SMZ-TMP
Novotrimel Syraprim
Proloprim Trimpex
Protrin
BASIC INFORMATION
Habit forming? No
Prescription needed? Yes
Available as generic? Yes
Drug class: Antimicrobial
USES
Treatment for urinary-tract infections susceptible to
trimethoprim.
Helps prevent recurrent urinary-tract infections if taken
once a day.
DOSAGE AND USAGE INFORMATION
How to take:
Tablet or capsule--Swallow with liquid or food to lessen
stomach irritation.
Drops--Dilute dose in beverage before swallowing.
When to take:
Space doses evenly in 24 hours to keep constant amount
in urine.
If you forget a dose:
Take as soon as possible. Wait 5 to 6 hours before next
dose. Then return to regular schedule.
What drug does:
Stops harmful bacterial germs from multiplying. Will
not kill viruses.
Time lapse before drug works:
2 to 5 days.
POSSIBLE ADVERSE REACTIONS OR SIDE EFFECTS
Symptoms What To Do
Life-threatening:
None expected.
Common:
Rash, itchy skin. Discontinue. Seek
emergency treatment.
Infrequent:
Diarrhea, nausea, Discontinue. Call doctor
vomiting, abdominal right away.
pain.
Headache. Continue. Call doctor
when convenient.
Rare:
Blue fingernails, Discontinue. Seek emergency
lips and skin; treatment.
difficult breathing.
Sore throat, fever. Discontinue. Call doctor
right away.
OVERDOSE
Symptoms:
Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea.
What to do:
Overdose unlikely to threaten life. If person takes
much larger amount than prescribed, call doctor,
poison-control center or hospital emergency room for
instructions.
WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS
Don't take if:
You are allergic to trimethoprim or any sulfa drug.
Before you start, consult your doctor:
If you have had liver or kidney disease.
Over age 60:
Reduced liver and kidney function may require reduced
dose.
More likely to have severe anal and genital itch.
Increased susceptibility to anemia.
Pregnancy:
Studies inconclusive on harm to unborn child. Animal
studies show fetal abnormalities. Decide with your
doctor whether drug benefits justify risk to unborn
child.
Breast-feeding:
No proven harm to unborn child. Avoid if possible.
Infants and children:
Use under medical supervision only.
Prolonged use:
Anemia.
Skin and sunlight:
May cause rash or intensify sunburn in areas exposed to
sun or sunlamp.
Driving, piloting or hazardous work:
No problems expected.
Discontinuing:
Don't discontinue without doctor's advice until you
complete prescribed dose, even though symptoms diminish
or disappear.
Others:
No problems expected.
POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER DRUGS
Generic Name or Drug Class Combined Effect
Diuretics (thiazide) Unusual bleeding or
bruising.
Flecainide Possible decreased
blood-cell production
in bone marrow.
Sulfamethoxazole Beneficial increase of
sulfamethoxazole effect.
Tocainide Possible decreased
blood-cell production
in bone marrow.
POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER SUBSTANCES
Interacts With Combined Effect
Alcohol Increased alcohol effect
with Bactrim or Septra.
Beverages None expected.
Cocaine No proven problems.
Foods None expected.
Marijuana None expected.
Tobacco None expected.
???????????????????????????????????
? ?
? ------Antivirals------ ?
? ?
? A. Acyclovir ?
? B. Amantadine ?
? C. Ribavirin ?
? ?
???????????????????????????????????
ACYCLOVIR (ORAL & TOPICAL)
BRAND NAMES
Zovirax Zovirax Ointment
BASIC INFORMATION
Habit forming? No
Prescription needed? Yes
Available as generic? No
Drug class: Antiviral
USES
Treatment of severe herpes infecitons of genitals
occurring for first time in special cases.
Treatment of severe herpes infections on mucous membrane
of mouth and lips in special cases.
Used (although not yet approved by FDA) for shingles
(herpes zoster) and chicken pos (varicella) in special
cases.
DOSAGE AND USAGE INFORMATION
How to take:
Tablet or capsule--Swallow with liquid.
Ointment--Apply to skin and mucous membranes every 3
hours (6 times a day) for 7 days. Use rubber gloves
when applying. Apply 1/2 inch strip to each sore or
blister. Wash before using.
When to use:
As directed on label.
If you forget a dose:
Take as soon as you remember up to 2 hours late. If
more than 2 hours, wait for next scheduled dose (don't
double this dose).
What drug does:
Inhibits reproduction of virus in cells without killing
normal cells.
Does not cure. Herpes may recur.
Time lapse before drug works:
2 hours
POSSIBLE ADVERSE REACTIONS OR SIDE EFFECTS
Symptoms What To Do
Life-threatening:
None expected.
Common:
Rash, hives, itch, Continue. Call doctor
mild pain, burning or when convenient.
stinging of skin,
lightheadedness,
headache.
Infrequent:
Confusion, Discontinue. Call doctor
hallucinations, right away.
trembling.
Rare:
Abdominal pain, Discontinue. Call doctor
decreased appetite, right away.
nausea, vomiting,
breathing difficulty,
blood in urine,
decreased urine
volume.
OVERDOSE
Symptoms:
Hallucinations, seizures, kidney shutdown.
What To Do:
Dial 0 (operator) or 911 (emergency) for an ambulance or
medical help. Then give first aid immediately.
See emergency information.
WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS
Don't take if:
You are allergic to acyclovir.
Before you start, consult your doctor:
If pregnant or plan pregnancy.
If breast-feeding.
If you have kidney disease.
If you have any nerve disorder.
Over age 60:
Adverse reactions and side effects may be more frequent
and severe than in younger persons.
Pregnancy:
Risk to unborn child outweighs drug benefits. Don't
use.
Breast-feeding:
Drug passes into milk. Avoid drug or discontinue
nursing until you finish medicine. Consult doctor for
advice on maintaining milk supply.
Infants and children:
Use only under special medical supervision by
experienced clinician.
Prolonged use:
Don't use longer than prescribed time.
Skin and sunlight:
No problems expected.
Driving, piloting or hazardous work:
No problems expected.
Discontinuing:
May be unnecessary to finish medicine. Follow doctor's
instructions.
Others:
Women: Get Pap smear every 6 months because those with
herpes infections are more likely to develop cancer of
cervix. Avoid sexual activity until all blisters or
sores heal. Don't get medicine in eyes.
Protect from freezing.
Check with doctor if no improvement in 1 week.
POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER DRUGS
Generic Name or Drug Class Combined Effect
Interferon Neurological
abnormalities. Avoid.
Methotrexate Neurological
abnormalities. Avoid.
Other medications that Increase kidney
can cause toxic effects toxicity.
on kidneys:
Amikacin
Amphotericin B
Capreomycin
Colistimethate
Colistin
Gentamycin
Kanamycin
Neomycin
Netilmicin
Polymixin B
Probenecid
Streptomycin
Tobramycin
Vancomycin
POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER SUBSTANCES
Interacts With Combined Effect
Alcohol Increased chance of
brain and nervous
system adverse
reaction. Avoid.
Beverages No problems expected.
Cocaine Increased chance of
brain and nervous
system adverse
reaction. Avoid.
Food No problems expected
Marijuana Increased chance of
brain and nervous
system adverse
reaction. Avoid.
Tobacco No problems expected.
AMANTADINE
BRAND NAMES
Symmetrel
BASIC INFORMATION
Habit forming? No
Prescription needed? Yes
Available as generic? No
Drug class: Antiviral, antiparkinsonism
USES
Treatment for Type-A flu infections.
Relief for symptoms of Parkinson's disease.
DOSAGE AND USAGE INFORMATION
How to take:
Tablet or capsule--Swallow with liquid or food to lessen
stomach irritation.
Syrup--Dilute dose in beverage before swallowing.
When to take:
At the same times each day. For Type-A flu it is
especially important to take regular doses as
prescribed.
If you forget a dose:
Take as soon as you remember. Wait 4 hours for next
dose. Return to schedule.
What drug does:
Type-A flu--May block penetration of tissue cells by
infectious material from virus cells.
Parkinson's disease--Improves muscular condition and
coordination.
Time lapse before drug works:
Type-A flu--48 hours.
Parkinson's disease--2 days to 2 weeks.
Don't take with:
Alcohol
POSSIBLE ADVERSE REACTIONS OR SIDE EFFECTS
Symptoms What To Do
Life-threatening:
None expected.
Common:
Hallucinations, Continue. Call doctor
confusion, when convenient.
lightheadedness.
Dizziness, Continue. Tell doctor
headache, at next visit.
purple blotches,
appetite loss,
nausea.
Dry mouth. No action necessary.
Infrequent:
Fainting, Discontinue. Call doctor
slurred speech. right away.
Difficult or Continue. Call doctor
painful urination. when convenient.
Rare:
Rash, uncontrollable Discontinue. Call doctor
rolling of eyes, right away.
blurred vision,
sore throat, fever.
Vomiting. Continue. Call doctor
when convenient.
Constipation. Continue. Tell doctor
at next visit.
OVERDOSE
Symptoms:
Heart-rhythm disturbances, blood-pressure drop,
convulsions, toxic psychosis.
What To Do:
Dial 0 (operator) or 911 (emergency) for an ambulance or
medical help. Then give first aid immediately.
See emergency information.
WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS
Don't take if:
You are allergic to amantadine.
Before you start, consult your doctor:
If you have had epilepsy or other seizures.
If you have had heart disease or heart failure.
If you have had liver or kidney disease.
If you have had peptic ulcers.
If you have had eczema or skin rashes.
If you have had emotional or mental disorders or taken
drugs for them.
Over age 60:
Adverse reactions and side effects may be more frequent
and severe than in younger persons.
Pregnancy:
Studies inconclusive on harm to unborn child. Animal
studies show fetal abnormalities. Decide with your
doctor whether benefits justify risk to unborn child.
Breast-feeding:
Drug passes into milk. Avoid drug or discontinue
nursing until you finish medicine. Consult doctor for
advice on maintaining milk supply.
Infants and children:
Use only under medical supervision.
Prolonged use:
Skin splotches, feet swelling, rapid weight gain,
shortness of breath. Consult doctor.
Skin and sunlight:
No problems expected.
Driving, piloting or hazardous work:
Don't drive or pilot aircraft until you learn how
medicine affects you. Don't work around dangerous
machinery. Don't climb ladders or work in high places.
Danger increases if you drink alcohol or take medicine
affecting alertness and reflexes.
Discontinuing:
Parkinson's disease--Don't discontinue without doctor's
advice until you complete prescribed dose, even though
symptoms diminish or disappear.
Type-A flu--Discontinue 48 hours after symptoms
disappear.
Others:
Parkinson's disease--May lose effectiveness in 3 to 6
months. Consult doctor.
Amantadine may increase susceptibility to German
measles.
POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER DRUGS
Generic Name or Drug Class Combined Effect
Amphetamines Increased amantadine
effect. Possible
excessive stimulation
and agitation.
Anticholinergics Increased benefit, but
excessive anticholinergic
dose produces mental
confusion, hallucinations,
delirium.
Appetite Increased amantadine
suppressants effect. Possible
excessive stimulation
and agitation.
Levodopa Increased benefit of
levodopa. Can cause
agitation.
Sympathomimetics Increased amantadine
effect. Possible
excessive stimulation
and agitation.
POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER SUBSTANCES
Interacts With Combined Effect
Alcohol Increased alcohol
effect. Possible
fainting.
Beverages None expected.
Cocaine Dangerous
overstimulation.
Foods None expected.
Marijuana None expected.
Tobacco None expected.
RIBAVIRIN
BRAND NAMES
Tribavirin Viramid
Vilona Virazole
BASIC INFORMATION
Habit forming? No
Prescription needed? Yes
Available as generic? No
Drug class: antiviral
USES
Treats severe viral pneumonia.
Treats influenza A and B.
It does NOT treat other viruses such as the common cold.
DOSAGE AND USAGE INFORMATION
How to take:
By inhalation of a fine mist through mouth. Requires a
special sprayer attached to oxygen mask, face mask for
infants or hood.
When to take:
As ordered by your doctor.
If you forget a dose:
Use as soon as you remember.
What drug does:
Kills virus or prevents its growth.
Time lapse before drug works:
Begins working in 1 hour. May require treatment for 12
to 18 hours per day for 3 to 7 days.
POSSIBLE ADVERSE REACTIONS OR SIDE EFFECTS
Symptoms What To Do
Life-threatening:
None expected.
Common:
None expected.
Infrequent:
Blurred vision; Discontinue. Call doctor
dizziness; fainting; right away.
eye irritation; eyes
more sensitive to light;
red, swollen or
itchy eyes.
Rare:
None expected.
OVERDOSE
Symptoms:
None expected.
What to do:
Overdose unlikely to threaten life. If person takes
much larger amount than prescribed, call doctor,
poison-control center or hospital emergency room for
instructions.
WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS
Don't take if:
You are allergic to ribavirin.
Before you start, consult your doctor:
If you are now on low-salt, low-sugar or any special
diet.
Over age 60:
Adverse reactions and side effects may be more frequent
and severe than in younger persons. Ask doctor about
smaller doses.
Pregnancy:
Risk to unborn child outweighs drug benefits. Don't
use.
Breast-feeding:
Drug passes into milk. Avoid drug or discontinue
nursing until you finish medicine. Consult doctor for
advice on maintaining milk supply.
Infants and children:
Use only under close medical supervision.
Prolonged use:
No problems expected.
Skin and sunlight:
No problems expected.
Driving, piloting or hazardous work:
Don't drive or pilot aircraft until you learn how
medicine affects you. Don't work around dangerous
machinery. Don't climb ladders or work in high places.
Danger increases if you drink alcohol or take medicine
affecting alertness and reflexes, such as
antihistamines, tranquilizers, sedatives, pain
medicine, narcotics and mind-altering drugs.
Discontinuing:
Don't discontinue without consulting doctor. Dose may
require gradual reduction if you have taken drug for a
long time. Doses of other drugs may also require
adjustment.
POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER DRUGS
Generic Name or Drug Class Combined Effect
None expected.
POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER SUBSTANCES
Interacts With Combined Effect
Alcohol None expected.
Beverages None expected.
Cocaine None expected.
Foods None expected.
Marijuana None expected.
Tobacco None expected.
???????????????????????????????????????????
? ?
? ------Sedative-Hypnotics------ ?
? ?
? A. Flurazepam ?
? B. Amobarbital ?
? C. Chloral Hydrate ?
? D. Pentobarbital - Secobarbital ?
? E. Temazepam ?
? F. Triazolam ?
? ?
???????????????????????????????????????????
FLURAZEPAM
BRAND NAMES
Apo-Flurazepam Somnal
Dalmane Som-Pam
Novoflupam
BASIC INFORMATION
Habit forming? Yes
Prescription needed? Yes
Available as generic? Yes
Drug class: Tranquilizer (benzodiazepine)
USES
Treatment for insomnia and tension.
DOSAGE AND USAGE INFORMATION
How to take:
Tablet or capsule--Swallow with liquid. If you can't
swallow whole, crumble tablet or open capsule and take
with liquid or food.
When to take:
At the same time each day, according to instructions on
prescription label.
If you forget a dose:
Take as soon as you remember up to 2 hours late. If
more than 2 hours, wait for next scheduled dose (don't
double this dose).
What drug does:
Affects limbic system of brain--part that controls
emotions. Induces near-normal sleep pattern.
Time lapse before drug works:
30 minutes.
POSSIBLE ADVERSE REACTIONS OR SIDE EFFECTS
Symptoms What To Do
Life-threatening:
None expected.
Common:
Clumsiness, Continue. Call doctor
drowsiness, dizziness. when convenient.
Infrequent:
Hallucinations, Discontinue. Call doctor
confusion, right away.
depression,
irritability,
rash, itch, change
in vision.
Constipation or Continue. Call doctor
diarrhea, nausea, when convenient.
vomiting, painful or
difficult urination.
Rare:
Slow heartbeat, Discontinue. Seek
difficult breathing. emergency treatment.
Mouth, throat Discontinue. Call doctor
ulcers, jaundice. right away.
OVERDOSE
Symptoms:
Drowsiness, weakness, tremor, stupor, coma.
What to do:
Dial 0 (operator) or 911 (emergency) for an ambulance or
medical help. Then give first aid immediately.
If patient is unconscious and not breathing, give
mouth-to-mouth breathing. If there is no heartbeat, use
cardiac massage and mouth-to-mouth breathing (CPR).
Don't try to make patient vomit. If you can't get help
quickly, take patient to nearest emergency facility.
See emergency information.
WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS
Don't take if:
You are allergic to any benzodiazepine.
You have myasthenia gravis.
You are active or recovering alcoholic.
Patient is younger than 6 months.
Before you start, consult your doctor:
If you have liver, kidney or lung disease.
If you have diabetes, epilepsy or porphyria.
Over age 60:
Adverse reactions and side effects may be more frequent
and severe than in younger persons. May develop
agitation, rage or "hangover" effect.
Pregnancy:
Risk to unborn child outweighs drug benefits. Don't
use.
Breast-feeding:
Drug passes into milk. Avoid drug or discontinue
nursing until you finish medicine. Consult doctor for
advice on maintaining milk supply.
Infants and children:
Use only under medical supervision for children older
than 6 months.
Prolonged use:
May impair liver function.
Skin and sunlight:
No problems expected.
Driving, piloting or hazardous work:
Don't drive or pilot aircraft until you learn how
medicine affects you. Don't work around dangerous
machinery. Don't climb ladders or work in high places.
Danger increases if you drink alcohol or take medicine
affecting alertness and reflexes.
Discontinuing:
Don't discontinue without doctor's advice until you
complete prescribed dose, even though symptoms diminish
or disappear.
Others:
Hot weather, heavy exercise and profuse sweat may reduce
excretion and cause overdose.
"Hangover" effect may occur.
Blood sugar may rise in diabetics, requiring insulin
adjustment.
POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER DRUGS
Generic Name or Drug Class Combined Effect
Anticonvulsants Change in seizure
frequency or severity.
Antidepressants Increased sedative
effect of both drugs.
Antihistamines Increased sedative
effect of both drugs.
Antihypertensives Excessively low blood
pressure.
Cimetidine Excess sedation.
Disulfiram Increased flurazepam
effect.
Dronabinol Increased effects of
both drugs. Avoid.
MAO inhibitors Convulsions, deep
sedation, rage.
Molindone Increased sedative
effect.
Narcotics Increased sedative
effect of both drugs.
Sedatives Increased sedative
effect of both drugs.
Sleep inducers Increased sedative
effect of both drugs.
Tranquilizers Increased sedative
effect of both drugs.
POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER SUBSTANCES
Interacts With Combined Effect
Alcohol Heavy sedation. Avoid.
Beverages None expected.
Cocaine Decreased flurazepam
effect.
Foods None expected.
Marijuana Heavy sedation. Avoid.
Tobacco Decreased flurazepam
effect.
AMOBARBITAL
BRAND NAMES
Amytal Novamobarb
Dexamyl Tuinal
Isobec
BASIC INFORMATION
Habit forming? Yes
Prescription needed? Yes
Available as generic? Yes
Drug class: Sedative, hypnotic (barbiturate)
USES
Reduces anxiety or nervous tension (low dose).
Relieves insomnia (higher bedtime dose).
DOSAGE AND USAGE INFORMATION
How to take:
Tablet, capsule or liquid--Swallow with food or liquid
to lessen stomach irritation. If you can't swallow
whole, crumble tablet or open capsule and take with
liquid or food.
When to take:
At the same times each day.
If you forget a dose:
Take as soon as you remember up to 2 hours late. If
more than 2 hours, wait for next scheduled dose (don't
double this dose).
What drug does:
May partially block nerve impulses at nerve-cell
connections.
Time lapse before drug works:
60 minutes.
Don't take with:
Non-prescription drugs without consulting doctor.
POSSIBLE ADVERSE REACTIONS OR SIDE EFFECTS
Symptoms What To Do
Life-threatening:
None expected.
Common:
Dizziness, drowsiness, Continue. Call doctor
"hangover" effect. when convenient.
Infrequent:
Rash or hives; Discontinue. Call doctor
swollen face, lips, right away.
eyelids; sore
throat, fever.
Depression, Continue. Call doctor
confusion, slurred when convenient.
speech, nausea,
vomiting, joint or
muscle pain.
Rare:
Agitation, slow Discontinue. Call doctor
heartbeat, breathing right away.
difficulty, jaundice.
Unexplained bleeding Continue. Call doctor
or bruising. when convenient.
OVERDOSE
Symptoms:
Deep sleep, weak pulse, coma.
What to do:
Dial 0 (operator) or 911 (emergency) for an ambulance or
medical help. Then give first aid immediately.
If patient is unconscious and not breathing, give
mouth-to-mouth breathing. If there is no heartbeat use
cardiac massage and mouth-to-mouth breathing (CPR).
Don't try to make patient vomit. If you can't get help
quickly, take patient to nearest emergency facility.
See emergency information.
WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS
Don't take if:
You are allergic to any barbiturate.
You have porphyria.
Before you start, consult your doctor:
If you have epilepsy.
If you have kidney or liver damage.
If you have asthma.
If you have anemia.
If you have chronic pain.
If you will have surgery within 2 months, including
dental surgery, requiring general or spinal anesthesia.
Over age 60:
Adverse reactions and side effects may be more frequent
and severe than in younger persons. Use small doses.
Pregnancy:
Risk to unborn child outweighs drug benefits. Don't
use.
Breast-feeding:
Drug passes into milk. Avoid drug or discontinue
nursing until you finish medicine. Consult doctor for
advice on maintaining milk supply.
Infants and children:
Use only under doctor's supervision.
Prolonged use:
May cause addiction, anemia, chronic intoxication.
May lower body temperature, making exposure to cold
temperatures hazardous.
Skin and sunlight:
May cause rash or intensify sunburn in areas exposed to
sun or sunlamp.
Driving, piloting or hazardous work:
Don't drive or pilot aircraft until you learn how
medicine affects you. Don't work around dangerous
machinery. Don't climb ladders or work in high places.
Danger increases if you drink alcohol or take medicine
affecting alertness and reflexes.
Discontinuing:
May be unnecessary to finish medicine. Follow doctor's
instructions. If you develop withdrawal symptoms of
hallucinations, agitation or sleeplessness after
discontinuing, call doctor right away.
Others:
Great potential for abuse.
POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER DRUGS
Generic Name or Drug Class Combined Effect
Anticoagulants (oral) Decreased
anticoagulant effect.
Anticonvulsants Changed seizure
patterns.
Antidepressants Decreased
(tricyclics) antidepressant effect.
Possible dangerous
oversedation.
Antidiabetics (oral) Increased amobarbital
effect.
Antihistamines Dangerous sedation.
Avoid.
Anti-inflammatory Decreased
drugs. anti-inflammatory
(non-steroidal) effect.
Aspirin Decreased aspirin effect.
Beta-adrenergic Decreased effect of
blockers beta-adrenergic blocker.
Contraceptives (oral) Decreased
contraceptive effect.
Cortisone drugs Decreased cortisone
effect.
Digitoxin Decreased digitoxin
effect.
Doxycycline Decreased doxycycline
effect.
Dronabinol Increased effects of
both drugs. Avoid.
Griseofulvin Decreased griseofulvin
effect.
Indapamide Increased indapamide
effect.
MAO inhibitors Increased amobarbital
effect.
Mind-altering drugs Dangerous sedation. Avoid.
Narcotics Dangerous sedation. Avoid.
Pain relievers Dangerous sedation. Avoid.
Sedatives Dangerous sedation. Avoid.
Sleep inducers Dangerous sedation. Avoid.
Tranquilizers Dangerous sedation. Avoid.
Valproic acid Increased amobarbital
effect.
POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER SUBSTANCES
Interacts With Combined Effect
Alcohol Possible fatal
oversedation. Avoid.
Beverages None expected.
Cocaine Decreased amobarbital
effect.
Foods None expected.
Marijuana Excessive sedation.
Avoid.
Tobacco None expected.
CHLORAL HYDRATE
BRAND NAMES
Aquachloral Novochlorhydrate
Aquachloral Supprettes Oradrate
Colidrate SK-Chloral Hydrate
Noctec
BASIC INFORMATION
Habit forming? Yes
Prescription needed? Yes
Available as generic? Yes
Drug class: Hypnotic
USES
Reduces anxiety.
Relieves insomnia.
DOSAGE AND USAGE INFORMATION
How to take:
Tablet or capsule--Swallow with milk or food to lessen
stomach irritation.
Drops--Dilute dose in beverage before swallowing.
Suppositories--Remove wrapper and moisten suppository
with water. Gently insert larger end into rectum. Push
well into rectum with finger.
When to take:
At the same time each day.
If you forget a dose:
Take as soon as you remember up to 2 hours late. If
more than 2 hours, wait for next scheduled dose (don't
double this dose).
What drug does:
Affects brain centers that control wakefulness and
alertness.
Time lapse before drug works:
30 to 60 minutes.
POSSIBLE ADVERSE REACTIONS OR SIDE EFFECTS
Symptoms What To Do
Life-threatening:
None expected.
Common:
Nausea, stomach Discontinue. Call doctor
pain, vomiting. right away.
Infrequent:
"Hangover" effect, Continue. Call doctor
clumsiness or when convenient.
unsteadiness,
drowsiness, dizziness,
lightheadedness.
Rare:
Hallucinations, Discontinue. Call doctor
agitation, confusion. right away.
Hives, rash. Continue. Call doctor
when convenient.
OVERDOSE
Symptoms:
Confusion, weakness, breathing difficulty, stagger, slow
or irregular heartbeat.
What to do:
Dial 0 (operator) or 911 (emergency) for an ambulance or
medical help. Then give first aid immediately.
If patient is unconscious and not brething, give
mouth-to-mouth breathing. If there is no heartbeat, use
cardiac massage and mouth-to-mouth breathing (CPR).
Don't try to make patient vomit. If you can't get help
quickly, take patient to nearest emergency facility.
See emergency information.
WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS
Don't take if:
You are allergic to chloral hydrate.
Before you start, consult your doctor:
If you have had liver, kidney or heart trouble.
If you are prone to stomach upsets (if medicine is in
oral form).
If you have colitis or a rectal inflammation (if
medicine is in suppository form).
Over age 60:
Adverse reactions and side effects may be more frequent
and severe than in younger persons. More likely to have
"hangover" effect.
Pregnancy:
Risk to unborn child outweighs drug benefits. Unborn
child may become addicted to drug. Don't use.
Breast-feeding:
Drug filters into milk. May harm child. Avoid.
Infants and children:
Use only under medical supervision.
Prolonged use:
Addiction and possible kidney damage.
Skin and sunlight:
No problems expected.
Driving, piloting or hazardous work:
Don't drive or pilot aircraft until you learn how
medicine affects you. Don't work around dangerous
machinery. Don't climb ladders or work in high places.
Danger increases if you drink alcohol or take medicine
affecting alertness and reflexes, such as
antihistamines, tranquilizers, sedatives, pain
medicine, narcotics and mind-altering drugs.
Discontinuing:
Don't discontinue without consulting doctor. Dose may
require gradual reduction if you have taken drug for a
long time. Doses of other drugs may also require
adjustment.
Others:
Frequent kidney-function tests recommended when drug is
used for a long time.
POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER DRUGS
Generic Name or Drug Class Combined Effect
Anticoagulants Possible hemorrhaging.
Antidepressants Increased chloral hydrate
effect.
Antihistamines Increased chloral hydrate
effect.
Cortisone drugs Decreased cortisone
effect.
MAO inhibitors Increased chloral hydrate
effect.
Mind-altering drugs Increased chloral hydrate
effect.
Molindone Increased tranquilizer
effect.
Narcotics Increased chloral hydrate
effect.
Pain relievers Increased chloral hydrate
effect.
Phenothiazines Increased chloral hydrate
effect.
Sedatives Increased chloral hydrate
effect.
Sleep inducers Increased chloral hydrate
effect.
Tranquilizers Increased chloral hydrate
effect.
POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER SUBSTANCES
Interacts With Combined Effect
Alcohol Increased sedative
effect of both. Avoid.
Beverages None expected.
Cocaine Decreased chloral hydrate
effect. Avoid.
Foods None expected.
Marijuana May severely impair
mental and physical
functioning. Avoid.
Tobacco None expected.
PENTOBARBITAL AND SECOBARBITAL
BRAND NAMES - PENTOBARBITAL
Carbrital Pentogen
Nembutal Quless
Nova-Rectal Wigraine-PB
Novopentobarb
BRAND NAMES - SECOBARBITAL
Novo Secobarb Seral
Secogen Tuinal
Seconal
BASIC INFORMATION
Habit forming? Yes
Prescription needed? Yes
Available as generic? Yes
Drug class: Sedative, hypnotic (barbiturate)
USES
Reduces anxiety or nervous tension (low dose).
Relieves insomnia (higher bedtime dose).
DOSAGE AND USAGE INFORMATION
How to take:
Tablet, capsule or liquid--Swallow with food or liquid
to lessen stomach irritation. If you can't swallow
whole, crumble tablet or open capsule and take with
liquid or food.
Suppositories--Remove wrapper and moisten suppository
with water. Gently insert larger end into rectum. Push
well into rectum with finger.
When to take:
At the same times each day.
If you forget a dose:
Take as soon as you remember up to 2 hours late. If
more than 2 hours, wait for next scheduled dose (don't
double this dose).
What drug does:
May partially block nerve impulses at nerve-cell
connections.
Time lapse before drug works:
60 minutes.
Don't take with:
Non-prescription drugs without consulting doctor.
POSSIBLE ADVERSE REACTIONS OR SIDE EFFECTS
Symptoms What To Do
Life-threatening:
None expected.
Common:
Dizziness, drowsiness, Continue. Call doctor
"hangover" effect. when convenient.
Infrequent:
Rash or hives; face, Discontinue. Call doctor
lip seelling; swollen right away.
eyelids; sore throat,
fever.
Depression, Continue. Call doctor
confusion, slurred when convenient.
speech, diarrhea,
nausea, vomiting,
joint or muscle pain.
Rare:
Agitation, slow Discontinue. Call doctor
heartbeat, difficult right away.
breathing, jaundice.
Unexplained bleeding Continue. Call doctor
or bruising. when convenient.
OVERDOSE
Symptoms:
Deep sleep, weak pulse, coma.
What to do:
Dial 0 (operator) or 911 (emergency) for an ambulance or
medical help. Then give first aid immediately.
See emergency information.
WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS
Don't take if:
You are allergic to any barbiturate.
You have porphyria.
Before you start, consult your doctor:
If you have epilepsy.
If you have kidney or liver damage.
If you have asthma.
If you have anemia.
If you have chronic pain.
If you will have surgery within 2 months, including
dental surgery, requiring general or spinal anesthesia.
Over age 60:
Adverse reactions and side effects may be more frequent
and severe than in younger persons. Use small doses.
Pregnancy:
Risk to unborn child outweighs drug benefits. Don't
use.
Breast-feeding:
Drug passes into milk. Avoid drug or discontinue
nursing until you finish medicine. Consult doctor for
advice on maintaining milk supply.
Infants and children:
Use only under doctor's supervision.
Prolonged use:
May cause addiction, anemia, chronic intoxication.
May lower body temperature, making exposure to cold
temperatures hazardous.
Skin and sunlight:
May cause rash or intensify sunburn in areas exposed to
sun or sunlamp.
Driving, piloting or hazardous work:
Don't drive or pilot aircraft until you learn how
medicine affects you. Don't work around dangerous
machinery. Don't climb ladders or work in high places.
Danger increases if you drink alcohol or take medicine
affecting alertness and reflexes.
Discontinuing:
May be unnecessary to finish medicine. Follow doctor's
instrucitons. If you develop withdrawal symptoms of
hallucinations, agitation or sleeplessness after
discontinuing, call doctor right away.
Others:
Great potential for abuse.
POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER DRUGS
Generic Name or Drug Class Combined Effect
Anticoagulants (oral) Decreased
anticoagulant effect.
Anticonvulsants Changed seizure pattern.
Antidepressants Decreased antidepressant
(tricyclics) effect. Possible
dangerous oversedation.
Antidiabetics Increased pentobarbital
(oral) effect.
Antihistamines Dangerous sedation. Avoid
Anti-inflammatory Decreased
drugs (non-steroidal) anti-inflammatory effect.
Aspirin Decreased aspirin effect.
Beta-adrenergic Decreased effect of
blockers beta-adrenergic blocker.
Contraceptives Decreased
(oral) contraceptive effect.
Cortisone drugs Decreased cortisone
effect.
Digitoxin Decreased digitoxin
effect.
Doxycycline Decreased dosycycline
effect.
Dronabinol Increased effects of
both drugs. Avoid.
Griseofulvin Decreased griseofulvin
effect.
Indapamide Increased indapamide
effect.
MAO inhibitors Increased pentobarbital
effect.
Mind-altering drugs Dangerous sedation. Avoid.
Molindone Increased sedative effect.
Narcotics Dangerous sedation. Avoid.
Pain relievers Dangerous sedation. Avoid.
Sedatives Dangerous sedation. Avoid.
Sleep inducers Dangerous sedation. Avoid.
Tranquilizers Dangerous sedation. Avoid.
Valproic acid Increased pentobarbital
effect.
POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER SUBSTANCES
Interacts With Combined Effect
Alcohol Possible fatal
oversedation. Avoid.
Beverages None expected.
Cocaine Decreased pentobarbital
effect.
Foods None expected.
Marijuana Excessive sedation. Avoid.
Tobacco None expected.
TEMAZEPAM
BRAND NAMES
Restoril
BASIC INFORMATION
Habit forming? Yes
Prescription needed? Yes
Available as generic? Yes
Drug class: Tranquilizer (benzodiazepine)
USES
Treatment for insomnia.
DOSAGE AND USAGE INFORMATION
How to take:
Tablet or capsule--Swallow with liquid. If you can't
swallow whole, crumble tablet or open capsule and take
with liquid or food.
When to take:
At the same time each day, according to instructions on
prescription label.
If you forget a dose:
Take as soon as you remember up to 2 hours late. If
more than 2 hours, wait for next scheduled dose (don't
double this dose).
What drug does:
Affects limbic system of brain--part that controls
emotions. Induces near-normal sleep pattern.
Time lapse before drug works:
30 minutes.
POSSIBLE ADVERSE REACTIONS OR SIDE EFFECTS
Symptoms What To Do
Life-threatening:
None expected.
Common:
Clumsiness, Continue. Call doctor
drowsiness, dizziness. when convenient.
Infrequent:
Hallucinations, Discontinue. Call doctor
confusion, depression, right away.
irritability, rash
itchy skin, change
in vision.
Constipation or Continue. Call doctor
diarrhea, nausea, when convenient.
vomiting, difficult
urination.
Rare:
Slow heartbeat, Discontinue. Seek
difficult breathing. emergency treatment.
Mouth or throat Discontinue. Call doctor
ulcers, jaundice. right away.
OVERDOSE
Symptoms:
Drowsiness, weakness, tremor, stupor, coma.
What to do:
Dial 0 (operator) or 911 (emergency) for an ambulance or
medical help. Then give first aid immediately.
If patient is unconscious and not breathing, give
mouth-to-mouth breathing. If there is no heartbeat, use
cardiac massage and mouth-to-mouth breathing (CPR).
Don't try to make patient vomit. If you can't get help
quickly, take patient to nearest emergency facility.
See emergency information.
WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS
Don't take if:
You are allergic to any benzodiazepine.
You have myasthenia gravis.
You are active or recovering alcoholic.
Patient is younger than 6 months.
Before you start, consult your doctor:
If you have liver, kidney or lung disease.
If you have diabetes, epilepsy or porphyria.
Over age 60:
Adverse reactions and side effects may be more frequent
and severe than in younger persons. May develop
agitation, rage or "hangover" effect.
Pregnancy:
Risk to unborn child outweighs drug benefits. Don't
use.
Breast-feeding:
Drug passes into milk. Avoid drug or discontinue
nursing until you finish medicine. Consult doctor for
advice on maintaining milk supply.
Infants and children:
Use only under medical supervision for children older
than 6 months.
Prolonged use:
May impair liver function.
Skin and sunlight:
No problems expected.
Driving, piloting or hazardous work:
Don't drive or pilot aircraft until you learn how
medicine affects you. Don't work around dangerous
machinery. Don't climb ladders or work in high places.
Danger increases if you drink alcohol or take medicine
affecting alertness and reflexes.
Discontinuing:
Don't discontinue without doctor's advice until you
complete prescribed dose, even though symptoms diminish
or disappear.
Others:
Hot weather, heavy exercise and profuse sweat may reduce
excretion and cause overdose.
Blood sugar may rise in diabetics, requiring insulin
adjustment.
POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER DRUGS
Generic Name or Drug Class Combined Effect
Anticonvulsants Change in seizure
frequency or severity.
Antidepressants Increased sedative
effect of both drugs.
Antihistamines Increased sedative
effect of both drugs.
Antihypertensives Excessively low blood
pressure.
Cimetidine Excess sedation.
Disulfiram Increased temazepam
effect.
Dronabinol Increased effects of
both drugs. Avoid.
MAO inhibitors Convilsions, deep
sedation, rage.
Molindone Increased sedative
effect.
Narcotics Increased sedative
effect of both drugs.
Sedatives Increased sedative
effect of both drugs.
Tranquilizers Increased sedative
effect of both drugs.
POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER SUBSTANCES
Interactis With Combined Effect
Alcohol Heave sedation. Avoid.
Beverages None expected.
Cocaine Decreased temazepam
effect.
Foods None expected.
Marijuana Heavy sedation. Avoid.
Tobacco Decreased temazepam
effect.
TRIAZOLAM
BRAND NAMES
Halcion
BASIC INFORMATION
Habit forming? Yes
Prescription needed? Yes
Available as generic? No
Drug class: Tranquilizer (benzodiazepine)
USES
Treatment of insomnia. Not recommended for more than 2
weeks maximum.
DOSAGE AND USAGE INFORMATION
How to take:
Tablet or capsule--Swallow with liquid. If you can't
swallow whole, crumble tablet or open capsule and take
with liquid or food.
When to take:
At the same time each day, according to instructions on
prescription label.
If you forget a dose:
Take as soon as you remember up to 2 hours late. If
more than 2 hours, wait for next scheduled dose (don't
double this dose).
What drug does:
Affects limbic system, the part of the brain that
controls emotions.
Time lapse before drug works:
2 hours. May take 6 weeks for full benefit.
POSSIBLE ADVERSE REACTIONS OR SIDE EFFECTS
Symptoms What To Do
Life-threatening:
None expected.
Common:
Clumsiness, Continue. Call doctor
drowsiness, dizziness. when convenient.
Infrequent:
Hallucinations, Discontinue. Call doctor
confusion, depression, right away.
irratibility, rash,
itchy skin, change
in vision.
Constipation or Continue. Call doctor
diarrhea, nausea, when convenient.
vomiting, difficult
urination.
Rare:
Slow heartbeat, Discontinue. Seek
difficult breathing. emergency treatment.
Mouth or throat Discontinue. Call doctor
ulcers, jaundice. right away.
OVERDOSE
Symptoms:
Drowsiness, weakness, tremor, stupor, coma.
What to do:
Dial 0 (operator) or 911 (emergency) for an ambulance or
medical help. Then give first aid immediately.
If patient is unconscious and not brething, give
mouth-to-mouth breathing. If there is no heartbeat, use
cardiac massage and mouth-to-mouth breathing (CPR).
Don't try to make patient vomit. If you can't get help
quickly, take patient to nearest emergency facility.
See emergency information.
WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS
Don't take if:
You are allergic to any benzodiazepine.
You have myasthenia gravis.
You are active or recovering alcoholic.
Patient is younger than 6 months.
Before you start, consult your doctor:
If you have liver, kidney or lung disease.
If you have diabetes, epilepsy or porphyria.
If you will have surgery within 2 months, including
dental surgery, requiring general or spinal anesthesia.
Over age 60:
Adverse reactions and side effects may be more frequent
and severe than in younger persons. You need smaller
doses for shorter periods of time. May develop
agitation, rage or "hangover" effect.
Pregnancy:
Risk ot unborn child outweighs drug benefits. Don't
use.
Breast-feeding:
Drug passes into milk. Avoid drug or discontinue
nursing until you finish medicine. Consult doctor for
advice on mainataining milk supply.
Infants and children:
Use only under medical supervision for children older
than 6 months.
Prolonged use:
May impair liver function.
Skin and sunlight:
No problems expected.
Driving, piloting or hazardous work:
Don't drive or pilot aircraft until you learn how
medicine affects you. Don't work around dangerous
machinery. Don't climb ladders or work in high places.
Danger increases if you drink alcohol or take medicine
affecting alertness and reflexes.
Discontinuing:
Don't discontinue without consulting doctor. Dose may
require gradual reduction if you have taken drug for a
long time. Doses of other drugs may also require
adjustment.
Others:
Hot weather, heavy exercise and profuse sweat may reduce
excretion and cause overdose.
Blood sugar may rise in diabetics, requiring insulin
adjustment.
POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER DRUGS
Generic Name or Drug Class Combined Effect
Anticonvulsants Change in seizure
frequency or severity.
Antidepressants Increased sedative
effect of both drugs.
Antihistamines Increased sedative
effect of both drugs.
Antihypertensives Excessively low blood
pressure.
Cimetidine Excess sedation.
Disulfiram Increased triazolam
effect.
Dronabinol Increased effects of
both drugs. Avoid.
MAO inhibitors Convulsions, deep
sedation, rage.
Molindone Increased sedative effect.
Narcotics Increased sedative effect
of both drugs.
Sedatives Increased sedative effect
of both drugs.
Sleep inducers Increased sedative effect
of both drugs.
Tranquilizers Increased sedative effect
of both drugs.
POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER SUBSTANCES
Interacts With Combined Effect
Alcohol Heavy sedation. Avoid.
Beverages None expected.
Cocaine Decreased traizolam
effect.
Foods None expected.
Marijuana Heavy sedation. Avoid.
Tobacco Decreased triazolam
effect.
?????????????????????????????????????
? ?
? ---Antianxiety Drugs--- ?
? ?
? A. Diazepam ?
? B. Hydroxyzine ?
? C. Lorazepam ?
? D. Meprobamate ?
? E. Prazepam ?
? F. Prozac ?
? ?
?????????????????????????????????????
DIAZEPAM
BRAND NAMES
Apo-Diazepam Rival
D-Tran Serenack
E-Pam Stress-Pam
Meval Valium
Neo-Calme Valrelease
Novodipam Vivol
Q-Pam
BASIC INFORMATION
Habit forming? Yes
Prescription needed? Yes
Available as generic? Yes
Drug class: Tranquilizer (benzodiazepine)
USES
Treatment for nervousness or tension
Treatment for muscle spasm
Treatment for convulsive disorders
DOSAGE & USAGE INFORMATION
More [Y,n,=]? =
How to take:
Tablet or capsule--Swallow with liquid. If you can't swallow
whole, crumble tablet or open capsule and take with liquid or
food.
When to take:
At the same time each day, according to instructions on
prescription label.
If you forget a dose:
Take as soon as you remember up to 2 hours late. If more
than 2 hours, wait for next scheduled dose (don't double this
dose).
What drug does:
Affects limbic system of brain--part that controls emotions.
Time lapse before drug works:
2 hours. May take 6 weeks for full benefit.
Don't take with:
See interaction column and consult doctor.
POSSIBLE ADVERSE REACTIONS OR SIDE EFFECTS
Symptoms What to do
Life Threatening:
None expected
Common:
Clumsiness, drowsiness Continue. Call doctor when
dizziness convenient
Infrequent:
Hallucinations, confusion, Discontinue. Call doctor
depression, irritability, right away
rash, itch, vision changes
Constipation or diarrhea, Continue. Call doctor when
nausea, vomiting, difficult convenient.
urination.
Rare:
Slow heartbeat, breathing Discontinue. Seek emergency
difficulty treatment.
Mouth, throat ulcers; jaundice Discontinue. Call doctor
right away
OVERDOSE
Symptoms:
Drowsiness, weakness, tremor, stupor, coma.
What to do:
Dial 0 (operator) or 911 (emergency) for an ambulance or
medical help. Then give first aid immediately.
If patient is unconscious and not breathing, give
mouth-to-mouth breathing. If there is no heartbeat, use
cardiac massage and mouth-to-mouth breathing (CPR). Don't try
to make patient vomit. If you can't get help quickly, take
patient to nearest emergency facility.
See emergency information.
WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS
Don't take if:
You are allergic to any benzodiazepine.
You have myasthenia gravis.
You are active or recovering alcoholic.
Patient is younger than 6 months.
Before you start, consult your doctor:
If you have liver, kidney or lung disease.
If you have diabetes, epilepsy or porphyria.
Over age 60:
Adverse reactions and side effects may be more frequent and
severe than in younger persons. You need smaller doses for
shorter periods of time. May develop agitation, rage or
"hangover" effect.
Pregnancy:
Risk to unborn child outweighs drug benefits. Don't use.
Breast-feeding:
Drug passes into milk. Avoid drug or discontinue nursing
until you finish medicine. Consult doctor for advice on
maintaining milk supply.
Infants and Children:
Use only under medical supervision for children older than 6
months.
Prolonged use:
May impair liver function.
Skin & sunlight:
No problems expected.
Driving, piloting or hazardous work:
Don't drive or pilot aircraft until you learn how medicine
affects you. Don't work around dangerous machinery. Don't
climb ladders or work in high places. Danger increases if you
drink alcohol or take medicine affecting alertness and
reflexes.
Discontinuing:
Don't discontinue without consulting doctor. Dose may require
gradual reduction if you have taken drug for a long time.
Doses of other drugs may also require adjustment.
Others:
Hot weather, heavy exercise and profuse sweat may reduce
excretion and cause overdose.
Blood sugar may rise in diabetics, requiring insulin
adjustment.
POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER DRUGS
Generic name or drug class Combined Effect
_______________________________________________________________
Anticonvulsants Change in seizure frequency
or severity.
Antidepressants Increased sedative effect of
both drugs.
Antihypertensives Excessively low blood
pressure.
Cimetidine Excess sedation.
Disulfiram Increased diazepam effect.
Dronabinol Increased effects of both
drugs. Avoid
MAO inhibitors Convilsions, deep sedation,
rage.
Molindone Increased tranquilizer
effect.
Narcotics Increased sedative effect
of both drugs.
Sedatives Increased sedative effect
of both drugs.
Sleep inducers Increased sedative effect
of both drugs.
Tranquilizers Increased sedative effect
of both drugs.
POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER SUBSTANCES
Interacts with Combined Effect
_________________________________________________________________
Aclohol Heavy sedation. Avoid.
Beverages None expected.
Cocaine Decreased diazepam effect.
Foods None expected.
Marijuana Heavy sedation. Avoid.
Tobacco Decreased diazepam effect.
HYDROXYZINE
BRAND NAMES
Anxanil Atarax
Ataraxoid Atozine
Cartrax Durrax
Enarax E-Vista
Hydroxacen Hy-Pam
Hyzine Marax
Multipax Neucalm 50
Orgatrax Quless
T.E.H. Tablets Theozine
Vamate Vistacon
Vistaject Vistaquel
Vistaril Vistazine
Vistrax
BASIC INFORMATION
Habit forming? No
Prescription needed? Yes
Available as generic? Yes
Drug class: Tranquilizer, antihistamine
USES
Treatment for anxiety, tension and agitation.
Relieves itching from allergic reactions.
DOSAGE & USAGE INFORMATION
How to take:
Tablet or capsule--Swallow with liquid. If you can't
swallow whole, crumble tablet or open capsule and take
with liquid or food.
Liquid--If desired, dilute dose in beverage before
swallowing.
When to take:
At the same times each day.
If you forget a dose:
Take as soon as you remember up to 2 hours late. If more
than 2 hours, wait for next scheduled dose (don't double
this dose).
What drug does:
May reduce activity in areas of the brain that influence
emotional stability.
Time lapse before drug works:
15 to 30 minutes.
Don't take with:
Non-prescription drugs without consulting doctor.
See interaction column and consult doctor.
POSSIBLE ADVERSE REACTIONS OR SIDE EFFECTS
Symptoms What to do
Life-threatening:
None expected.
Common:
Drowsiness, difficult Continue. Tell doctor
urination, dry mouth. at next visit.
Infrequent:
Headache Continue. Tell doctor
at next visit.
Rare:
Tremor, rash Discontinue. Call
doctor right away.
OVERDOSE
Symptoms:
Drowsiness, unsteadiness, agitation, purposeless
movements, tremor, convulsions.
What to do:
Dial 0 (operator) or 911 (emergency) for an ambulance or
medical help. Then give first aid immediately.
See Emergency Information
WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS
Don't take if:
You are allergic to any antihistamine.
Before you start, consult your doctor:
If you have epilepsy.
If you will have surgery within 2 months, including
dental surgery, requiring general or spinal anesthesia.
Over age 60:
Adverse reactions and side effects may be more frequent
and severe than in younger persons. Drug likely to
increase urination difficulty caused by enlarged prostate
gland.
Pregnancy:
Studies inconclusive on harm to unborn child. Animal
studies show fetal abnormalities. Decide with your
doctor whether drug benefits justify risk to unborn
child.
Breast-feeding:
Drug passes into milk. Avoid drug or discontinue nursing
until you finish medicine. Consult doctor for advice on
maintaining milk supply.
Infants & children:
Use only under medical supervision.
Prolonged use:
Tolerance develops and reduces effectiveness.
Skin & sunlight:
No problems expected.
Driving, piloting or hazardous work:
Don't drive or pilot aircraft until you learn how
medicine affects you. Don't work around dangerous
machinery. Don't climb ladders or work in high places.
Danger increases if you drink alcohol or take medicine
affecting alertness and reflexes, such as antihistamines,
tranquilizers, sedatives, pain medicine, narcotics and
mind-altering drugs.
Discontinuing:
Don't discontinue without consulting doctor. Dose may
require gradual reduction if you have taken drug for a
long time. Doses of other drugs may also require
adjustment.
Others:
No problems expected.
POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER DRUGS
Generic Name or Drug Class Combined Effect
Anticoagulants Increased anticoagulant
(oral) effect
Anticonvulsants Decreased anticonvulsant
(hydantoin) effect.
Antidepressants Increased effect of both
(tricyclic) drugs.
Antihistamines Increased hydroxyzine effect.
Dronabinol Increased effects of both
drugs. Avoid.
Molindone Increased tranquilizer and
antihistamine effect.
Narcotics Increased effect of both
drugs.
Pain relievers Increased effect of both
drugs.
Sedatives Increased effect of both
drugs.
Sleep inducers Increased effect of both
drugs.
Tranquilizers Increased effect of both
drugs.
POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER SUBSTANCES
Interacts with: Combined Effect
Alcohol: Increased sedation and
intoxication. Use with caution.
Beverages:
Caffeine drinks Decreased tranquilizer effect
of hydroxyzine.
Cocaine: Decreased hydroxyzine effect.
Avoid.
Foods: None expected.
Marijuana: None expected.
Tobacco: None expected.
LORAZEPAM
BRAND NAMES
Apo-Lorazepam Loraz
Ativan Novolorazem
BASIC INFORMATION
Habit forming? Yes
Prescription needed? Yes
Available as generic? Yes
Drug class: Tranquilizer (benzodiazepine)
USES
Treatment for nervousness or tension.
DOSAGE & USAGE INFORMATION
How to take:
Tablet or capsule--Swallow with liquid. If yhou can't swallow
whole, crumble tablet or open capsule and take with liquid or
food.
When to take:
At the same time each day, according to instructions on
prescription label.
If you forget a dose:
Take as soon as you remember up to 2 hours late. If more than
2 hours, wait for next scheduled dose (don't double this
dose).
What drug does:
Affects limbic system of brain--part that controls emotions.
Time lapse before drug works:
2 hours. May take 6 weeks for full benefit.
Don't take with:
See interaction column and consult doctor.
POSSIBLE ADVERSE REACTIONS OR SIDE EFFECTS
Symptoms What to do
________________________________________________________________
Life threatening:
None expected
Common:
Clumsiness, drowsiness, Continue. Call doctor when
dizziness convenient.
Infrequent:
Hallucinations, confusion, Discontinue. Call doctor
depression, irritability, right away.
itchy skin, rash, change
in vision.
Constipation or diarrhea, Continue. Call doctor when
nausea, vomiting, difficult convenient.
urination.
Rare:
Slow heartbeat, difficult Discontinue. Seek emergency
breathing. treatment.
Mouth, throat ulcers; Discontinue. Call doctor
jaundice. right away.
OVERDOSE
Symptoms:
Drowsiness, weakness, tremor, stupor, coma.
What to do:
Dial 0 (operator) or 911 (emergency) for an ambulance or
medical help. Then give first aid immediately.
If patient is unconscious and not breathing, give
mouth-to-mouth breathing. If there is no heartbeat, use
cardiac massage and mouth-to-mouth breathing (CPR). Don't try
to make patient vomit. If you can't get help quickly, take
patient to nearest emergency facility.
See emergency information.
WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS
Don't take if:
You are allergic to any benzodiazepine.
You have myasthenia gravis.
You are active or recovering alcoholic.
Patient is younger than 6 months.
Before you start, consult your doctor:
If you have liver, kidney or lung disease.
If you have diabetes, epilepsy or porphyria.
Over age 60:
Adverse reactions and side effects may be more frequent and
severe than in younger persons. You need smaller doses for
shorter periods of time. May develop agitation, rage or
"hangover" effect.
Pregnancy:
Risk to unborn child outweighs drug benefits. Don't use.
Breast-feeding:
Drug passes into milk. Avoid drug or discontinue nursing
until you finish medicine. Consult doctor for advice on
maintaining milk supply.
Infants & Children:
Use only under medical supervision for children older than 6
months.
Prolonged use:
May impair liver function.
Skin & sunlight:
No problems expected.
Driving, piloting or hazardous work:
Don't drive or pilot aircraft until you learn how medicine
affects you. Don't work around dangerous machinery. Don't
climb ladders or work in high places. Danger increases if you
drink alcohol or take medicine affecting alertness and
reflexes.
Discontinuing:
Don't discontinue without consulting doctor. Dose may require
gradual reduction if you have taken drug for a long time.
Doses of other drugs may also require adjustment.
Others:
Hot weather, heavy exercise and profuse sweat may reduce
excretion and cause overdose.
Blood sugar may rise in diabetics, requiring insulin
adjustment.
POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER DRUGS
Generic Name of Drug Class Combined Effect
______________________________________________________________
Anticonvulsants Change in seizure frequency
or severity.
Antidepressants Increased sedative effect of
both drugs.
Antihistamines Increased sedative effect of
both drugs.
Antihypertensives Excessively low blood
pressure.
Cimetidine Excess sedation.
Disulfiram Increased Lorazepam effect.
Dronabinol Increased effects of both
drugs. Avoid.
MAO inhibitors Convulsions, deep sedation,
rage.
Molindone Increased tranquilizer effect.
Narcotics Increased sedative effect of
both drugs.
Sedatives Increased sedative effect of
both drugs.
Sleep inducers Increased sedative effect of
both drugs.
Tranquilizers Increased sedative effect of
both drugs.
POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER SUBSTANCES
Interacts with Combined Effect
_______________________________________________________________
Alcohol Heavy sedation. Avoid.
Beverages None expected.
Cocaine Decreased lorazepam effect.
Foods None expected.
Marijuana Heavy sedation. Avoid.
Tobacco Decreased lorazepam effect.
MEPROBAMATE
BRAND NAMES
Apo-Meprobamate Miltown Miltown
Arcoban Neo-Tran
Bamate Neuramate
Bamo 400 Novo-Mepro
Coprobate Novomepro
Deprol Pathibamate
Equagesic Pax 400
Equanil PMB
Equanil Wyseals Protran
Evenol Quietal
Kalmn Robam
Lan-Dol Robamate
Medi-tran Sedabamate
Mep-E SK-Bamate
Mepriam Tranmep
MeproCompound
Meprocon
Meprospan
Meprotabs
Meribam
BASIC INFORMATION
Habit forming? Yes
Prescription needed? Yes
Available as generic? Yes
Drug class: Tranquilizer
USES
Reduces mild anxiety, tension and insomnia.
DOSAGE & USAGE INFORMATION
How to take:
Tablet or capsule--Swallow with liquid.
Extended-release tablets ro capsules--Swallow each dose whole.
If you take regular tablets, you may chew or crush them.
Liquid--Take as directed on label.
When to take:
At the same time each day.
If you forget a dose:
Take as soon as you remember up to 2 hours late. If more than
2 hours, wait for next scheduled dose (don't double this
dose).
What drug does:
Sedates brain centers which control behavior and emotions.
Time lapse before drug works:
1 to 2 hours.
Don't take with:
Non-prescription drugs containing alochol or caffeine without
consulting doctor.
See interaction column and consult doctor.
POSSIBLE ADVERSE REACTIONS OR SIDE EFFECTS
Symptoms What to Do
_______________________________________________________________
Life-threatening:
None expected.
Common:
Dizziness, confusion, Continue. Tell doctor at
agitation, drowsiness, next visit.
unsteadiness, fatigue,
weakness.
Infrequent:
Rash, hives, itchy skin; Discontinue. Call doctor
change in vision; diarrhea, right away.
nausea or vomiting.
False sense of well-being, Continue. Call doctor when
headache, slurred speech. convenient.
Rare:
Sore throat; fever; rapid, Discontinue. Call doctor
pounding, unusually slow right away.
or irregular heartbeat;
difficult brething; unusual
bleeding or bruising.
OVERDOSE
Symptoms:
Dizziness, slurred speech, stagger, depressed breathing and
heart function, stupor, coma.
What to do:
Dial 0 (operator) or 911 (emergency) for an ambulance or
medical help. Then give first aid immediately.
See emergency information on inside covers.
WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS
Don't take if:
You are allergic to meprobamate, tybanate, carbromal or
carisoprodol.
You have had porphyria.
Patient is younger than 6.
Before you start, consult your doctor:
If you have epilepsy.
If you have impaired liver or kidney function.
Over age 60:
Adverse reactions and side effects may be more frequent and
severe than in younger persons.
Pregnancy:
Risk to unborn child outweighs drug benefits. Don't use.
Breast-feeding:
Drug filters into milk. May harm child. Avoid.
Infants & Children:
Not recommended.
Prolonged use:
Habit forming.
May impair blood-cell production.
Skin and sunlight:
No problems expected.
Driving, piloting or hazardous work:
Don't drive or pilot aircraft until you learn how medicine
affects you. Don't work around dangerous machinery. Don't
climb ladders or work in high places. Danger increases if you
drink alcohol or take medicine affecting alertness and
reflexes, such as antihistamines, tranquilizers, sedatives,
pain medicine, narcotics and mind-altering drugs.
Discontinuing:
Don't discontinue without consulting doctor. Dose may require
gradual reduction if you have taken drug for a long time.
Doses of other drugs may also require adjustment.
Others:
No problems expected.
POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER DRUGS
Generic Name or Drug Class Combined Effect
_________________________________________________________________
Anticoagulants Decreased anticoagulant effect.
Anticonvulsants Change in seizure pattern.
Antidepressants Increased antidepressant effect.
Contraceptives (oral) Decreased contraceptive effect.
Dronabinol Increased effects of both drugs.
Avoid.
Estrogens Decreased estrogen effect.
MAO inhibitors Increased meprobamate effect.
Molindone Increased tranquilizer effect.
Narcotics Increased narcotic effect.
Sedatives Increased sedative effect.
Sleep inducers Increased effect of sleep
inducer.
Terfenadine Possible excessive sedation.
Tranquilizers Increased tranquilizer effect.
POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER SUBSTANCES
Interacts with Combined Effect
______________________________________________________________
Alcohol Dangerous increased effect
of meprobamate.
Beverages:
Caffeine drinks. Decreased calming effect of
meprobamate.
Cocaine: Decreased meprobamate effect.
Foods: None expected.
Marijuana: Increased sedative effect of
meprobamate.
Tobacco: None expected.
PRAZEPAM
BRAND NAME
Centrax
BASIC INFORMATION
Habit forming? Yes
Prescription needed? Yes
Available as generic? No
Drug class: Tranquilizer (benzodiazepine)
USES
Treatment for nervousness or tension.
DOSAGE AND USAGE INFORMATION
How to take:
Tablet or capsule--Swallow with liquid. If you can't swallow
whole, crumble tablet or open capsule and take with liquid or
food.
When to take:
At the same time each day, according to instructions on
prescription label.
If you forget a dose:
Take as soon as you remember up to 2 hours late. If more than
2 hours, wait for next scheduled dose (don't double this
dose).
What drug does:
Affects limbic system, the part of the brain that controls
emotions.
Time lapse before drug works:
2 hours. May take 6 weeks for full benefit.
Don't take with:
See interaction column and consult doctor.
POSSIBLE ADVERSE REACTIONS OR SIDE EFFECTS
Symptoms What to do
____________________________________________________________________
Life-threatening:
None expected.
Common:
Clumsiness drowsiness, Continue. Call doctor when
dizziness. convenient.
Infrequent:
Hallucinations, confusion, Discontinue. Call doctor
depression, irritability, right away.
rash, itchy skin,
change in vision.
Constipation or diarrhea, Continue. Call doctor when
nausea, vomiting, convenient.
difficult urination.
Rare:
Slow heartbeat, difficult Discontinue. Seek emergency
breathing. treatment.
Mouth and throat ulcers, Discontinue. Call doctor
jaundice. right away.
OVERDOSE
Symptoms:
Drowsiness, weakness, tremor, stupor, coma.
What to do:
Dial 0 (operator) or 911 (emergency) for an ambulance or
medical help. Then give first aid immediately.
If patient is unconscious and not breathing, give
mouth-to-mouth breathing. If there is no heartbeat, use
cardiac massage and mouth-to-mouth breathing (CPR). Don't try
to make patient vomit. If you can't get help quickly, take
patient to nearest emergency facility.
See emergency information.
WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS
Don't take if:
You are allergic to any benzodiazepine.
You have myasthenia gravis.
You have glaucoma.
You are active or recovering alcoholic.
Patient is younger than 6 months.
Before you start, consult your doctor:
If you have liver, kidney or lung disease.
If you hve diabetes, epilepsy or porphyria.
Over age 60:
Adverse reactions and side effects may be more frequent and
severe than in younger persons. You need smaller doses for
shorter periods of time. May develop agitation, rage or
"hangover" effect.
Pregnancy:
Risk to unborn child outweighs drug benefits. Don't use.
Breast-feeding:
Drug passes into milk. Avoid drug or discontinue nursing
until you finish medicine. Consult doctor for advice on
maintaining milk supply.
Infants & children:
Use only under medical supervision for children older than 6
months.
Prolonged use:
May impair liver function.
Skin and sunlight:
No problems expected.
Driving, piloting or hazardous work:
Don't drive or pilot aircraft until you learn how medicine
affects you. Don't work around dangerous machinery. Don't
climb ladders or work in high places. Danger increases if you
drink alcohol or take medicine affecting alertness and
reflexes.
Discontinuing:
Don't discontinue without consulting doctor. Dose may require
gradual reduction if you have taken drug for a long time.
Doses of other drugs may also require adjustment.
Others:
Hot weather, heavy exercise and profuse sweat may reduce
excretion and cause overdose.
Blood sugar may rise in diabetics, requiring insulin
adjustment.
POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER DRUGS
Generic Name or Drug Class Combined Effect
____________________________________________________________________
Anticonvulsants Change in seizure frequency
or severity.
Antidepressants Increased sedative effect of
both drugs.
Antihistamines Increased sedative effect of
both drugs.
Antihypertensives Excessively low blood
pressure.
Cimetidine Excess sedation.
Disulfiram Increased prazepam effect.
Dronabinol Increased effect of both
drugs. Avoid.
MAO inhibitors Convulsions, deep sedation,
rage.
Molindone Increased tranquilizer
effect.
Narcotics Increased sedative effect of
both drugs.
Sedatives Increased sedative effect of
both drugs.
Sleep inducers Increased sedative effect of
both drugs.
Tranquilizers Increased sedative effect of
both drugs.
POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER SUBSTANCES
Interacts with Combined effect
____________________________________________________________________
Alcohol Heavy sedation. Avoid
Beverages None expected.
Cocaine Decreased prazepam effect.
Foods None expected.
Marijuana Heavy sedation. Avoid.
Tobacco Decreased prazepam effect.
FLUOXETINE
BRAND NAMES
Prozac
BASIC INFORMATION
Habit forming? No
Prescription needed? Yes
Available as generic? No
Drug class: Antidepressant
USES
Treats mental depression, particularly in people who do not
tolerate tricyclic antidepressants.
DOSAGE AND USAGE INFORMATION
How to take:
Capsules--Swallow with liquid or food to lessen stomach
irritation. If you can't swallow whole, open capsule and take
with liquid or food.
When to take:
In the morning at the same time each day.
If you forget a dose:
Take as soon as you remember up to 2 hours late. If more than 2
hours, wait for next scheduled dose (don't double this dose).
What drug does:
.Inhibits serotonin uptake in the central nervous system.
.Causes loss of appetite.
Time lapse before drug works:
1 to 3 weeks.
Don't take with:
.Any medicine that will change your level of consciousness or
reflexes.
.See interaction column and consult doctor.
OVERDOSE
Symptoms:
Seizures.
What to do:
.Dial 0 (operator) or 911 (emergency) for an ambulance or
medical help. Then give first aid immediately.
.See emergency information.
POSSIBLE ADVERSE REACTIONS OR SIDE EFFECTS
Symptoms What to Do
___________________________________________________________________
Life-threatening:
Rash, itchy skin, Seek emergency treatment
breathing difficulty immediately.
(allergic reaction),
chest pain.
Common:
Diarrhea, nervousness, Continue. Call doctor when
drowsiness, headache, convenient.
increased sweating.
Infrequent:
Chills, fever, joint Disocntinue. Call doctor
or muscle pain, right away.
enlarged lymph glands,
unusual excitability,
blurred vision.
Rare:
.Convulsions. Discontinue. Seek
emergency treatment.
.Fast heartbeat. Discontinue. Call doctor
abdominal pain. right away.
.Nausea, vomiting, Continue. Call doctor when
constipation, cough, when convenient.
decreased appetite.
___________________________________________________________________
WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS
Don't take if:
You have severe liver or kidney disease.
Before you start, consult your doctor:
If you have history of seizure disorders.
Over age 60:
Adverse reactions and side effects may be more frequent and
severe than in younger persons. You may need smaller doses for
shorter periods of time.
Pregnancy:
No proven effects. Don't take unless essential.
Breast-feeding:
Unknown effects.
Infants and Children:
Not recommended.
Prolonged use:
No problems expected.
Skin and sunlight:
No problmes expected.
Driving, piloting or hazardous work:
Don't drive or pilot aircraft until you learn how medicine
affects you. Don't work around dangerous machinery. Don't
climb ladders or work in high places. Danger increases if you
drink alcohol or take medicine affecting alertness and
reflexes.
Discontinuing:
Don't discontinue without consulting doctor. Dose may require
gradual reduction if you have taken drug for a long time.
Doses of other drugs may also require adjustment.
Others:
No problems expected.
POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER DRUGS
Generic name or drug class Combined Effect
___________________________________________________________________
Anticoagulants May cause confusion, agitation,
convulsions, high blood
pressure.
Central nervous system Increases depressant effect
(CNS) depressants of both drugs.
Digitalis preparations May cause confusion, agitation,
convulsions, high blood
pressure.
MAO inhibitors May cause confusion, agitation,
convulsions, high blood
pressure.
Tryptophan Increased chance of agitation,
restlessness, stomach upsets.
___________________________________________________________________
POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER SUBSTANCES
Interacts with Combined Effect
___________________________________________________________________
Alcohol: Possible toxicity of both drugs.
Beverages: Decreases effect of fluoxetine.
Cocaine: Decreases effect of fluoxetine.
Foods: None expected.
Marijuana: Decreases effect of fluoxetine.
Tobacco: Decreases effect of fluoxetine.
___________________________________________________________________
???????????????????????????????????
? ?
? ---Anti-nausea--- ?
? ?
? A. Meclizine ?
? B. Metoclopramide ?
? C. Prochlorperazine ?
? D. Trimethobenzamide ?
? ?
???????????????????????????????????
MECLIZINE
BRAND NAMES
Antivert Motion Cure
Bonamine Ru-Vert-M
Bonine Wehvert
BASIC INFORMATION
Habit forming? No
Prescription needed?
U.S.--Tablets: No
Liquid: Yes
Canada: Yes
Available as generic? Yes
Drug class: antihistamine, antiemetic.
USES
Prevents motion sickness.
DOSAGE AND USAGE INFORMATION
How to take:
Tablet--Swallow with liquid or food to lessen stomach
irritation. If you can't swallow whole, crumble tablet and
chew or take with liquid or food.
When to take:
30 minutes to 1 hour before traveling.
If you forget a dose:
Take as soon as you remember. Wait 4 hours for next dose.
What drug does:
Reduces sensitivity of nerve endings in inner ear, blocking
messages to brain's vomiting center.
Time lapse before drug works:
30 to 60 minutes.
Don't take with:
See interaction column and consult doctor.
POSSIBLE ADVERSE REACTIONS OR SIDE EFFECTS
Symptoms What to do
____________________________________________________________________
Life-threatening:
None expected.
Common:
Drowsiness. Continue. Call doctor when
convenient.
Infrequent:
Headache, diarrhea or Continue. Call doctor when
constipation, fast convenient.
heartbeat.
Dry mouth, nose, throat. Continue. Tell doctor at next
visit.
Rare:
Rash, hives. Discontinue. Call doctor
right away.
Restlessness, excitement, Continue. Call doctor when
insomnia, blurred vision, convenient.
frequent and difficult
urination.
Appetite loss, nausea. Continue. Tell doctor at next
visit.
OVERDOSE
Symptoms:
Drowsiness, confusion, incoordination, stupor, coma, weak
pulse, shallow breathing.
What to do:
Dial 0 (operator) or 911 (emergency) for an ambulance or
medical help. Then give first aid immediately.
See emergency information.
WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS
Don't take if;
You are allergic to meclizine, buclizine or cyclizine.
You have taken MAO inhibitors in the past 2 weeks.
Before you start, consult your doctor:
If you have glaucoma.
If you have prostate enlargement.
If you have reacted badly to any antihistamine.
Over age 60:
Adverse reactions and side effects may be more frequent and
severe than in younger persons, especially impaired urination
from enlarged prostate gland.
Pregnancy:
Studies inconclusive on harm to unborn child. animal studies
show fetal abnormalities. Decide with your doctor whether
drug benefits jsutify risk to unborn child.
Breast-feeding:
Drug passes into milk. Avoid drug or discontinue nursing
until you finish medicine. Consult doctor for advice on
maintaining milk supply.
Infants and Children:
No problems expected.
Prolonged use:
No problems expected.
Skin and sunlight:
No problems expected.
Driving, piloting or hazardous work:
Don't fly aircraft. Don't drive until you learn how medicine
affects you. Don't work around dangerous machinery. Don't
climb ladders or work in high places. Danger increases if you
drink alcohol or take medicine affecting alertness and
reflexes, such as antihistamines, tranquilizers, sedatives,
pain medicine, narcotics and mind-altering drugs.
Discontinuing:
No problems expected.
Others:
No problems expected.
POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER DRUGS
Generic Name or Drug class Combined Effect
____________________________________________________________________
Amphetamines May decrease drowsiness caused
by meclizine.
Anticholinergics Increased effect of both
drugs.
Antidepressants (tricyclic) Increased effect of both
drugs.
MAO inhibitors Increased meclizine effect.
Narcotics Increased effect of both
drugs.
Pain relievers Increased effect of both
drugs.
Sedatives Increased effect of both
drugs.
Sleep inducers Increased effect of both
drugs.
Tranquilizers Increased effect of both
drugs.
POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER SUBSTANCES
Interacts with Combined Effect
____________________________________________________________________
Alcohol Increased sedation. Avoid.
Beverages
Caffeine drinks May decrease drowsiness.
Cocaine None expected.
Foods None expected.
Marijuana Increased drowsiness, dry
mouth.
Tobacco None expected.
METOCLOPRAMIDE
BRAND NAMES
Emex Maxolon
Maxeran Reglan
BASIC INFORMATION
Habit forming? No
Prescription needed? Yes
Available as generic? Yes
Drug class: Antiemetic; dopaminergic blocker
USES
Releives nausea and vomiting caused by chemotherapy and drug
related postoperative factors.
Relieves symptoms of esophagitis.
DOSAGE AND USAGE INFORMATION
How to take:
Tablet or capsule--Swallow with liquid or food to lessen
stomach irritation.
When to take:
30 minutes before symptoms expected, up to 4 times a day.
If you forget a dose:
Take as soon as you remember up to 2 hours late. If more than
2 hours, wait for next scheduled dose (don't double this
dose).
What drug does:
Prevents smooth muscle in stomach from relaxing.
Affects vomiting center in brain.
Time lapse before drug works:
30 to 60 minutes.
Don't take with:
See interaction column and consult doctor.
POSSIBLE ADVERSE REACTIONS OR SIDE EFFECTS
Symptoms What to do
____________________________________________________________________
Life-threatening:
None expected.
Common:
Drowsiness, restlessness. Continue. Call doctor when
convenient.
Frequent:
Rash Continue. Call doctor when
convenient.
Infrequent:
Wheezing, shortness of Discontinue. Call doctor
breath. right away.
Dizziness; headache; Continue. Call doctor when
insomnia; tender, swollen convenient.
breasts; increased milk flow.
Rare:
Constipation, diarrhea, Continue. Call doctor when
nausea. convenient.
OVERDOSE
Symptoms:
Severe drowsiness, mental confusion, trembling, seizure, coma.
What to do:
Dial 0 (operator) or 911 (emergency) for an ambulance or
medical help. Then give first aid immediately.
If patient is unconscious and not breathing, give
mouth-to-mouth breathing. If there is no heartbeat, use
cardiac massage and mouth-to-mouth breathing (CPR). Don't try
to make patient vomit. If you can't get help quickly, take
patient to nearest emergency facility.
See emergency information.
WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS
Don't take if:
You are allergic to procaine, procainamide or metoclopramide.
Before you start, consult your doctor:
If you have Parkinson's disease.
If you have liver or kidney disease.
If you have epilepsy.
If you have bleeding from gastrointestinal tract or intestinal
obstruction.
If you will have surgery within 2 months, including dental
surgery, requiring general or spinal anesthesia.
Over age 60:
Adverse reactions and side effects may be more frequent and
severe than in younger persons.
Pregnancy:
No proven harm to unborn child. Avoid if possible.
Breast-feeding:
Unknown effect.
Infants and children:
Adverse reactions more likely to occur than in adults.
Prolonged use:
Adverse reactions including muscle spasms and trembling hands
more likely to occur.
Skin and sunlight:
No problems expected.
Driving, piloting or hazardous work:
Don't drive or pilot aircraft until you learn how medicine
affects you. Don't work around dangerous machinery. Don't
climb ladders or work in high places. Danger increases if you
drink alcohol or take medicine affecting alertness and
reflexes, such as antihistamines, tranquilizers, sedatives,
pain medicine, narcotics and mind-altering drugs.
Discontinuing:
May be unnecessary to finish medicine. Follow doctor's
instructions.
Others:
No problems expected.
POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER DRUGS
Generic Name or Drug Class Combined Effect
____________________________________________________________________
Acetaminophen Slow stomach emptying.
Bromocriptine Decreased bromocriptine
effect.
Central nervous system Excess sedation.
depressants: antidepressants,
antihistamines, muscle
relaxants, narcotics,
sedatives, sleeping pills,
tranquilizers.
Digitalis preparations Decreased absorption of
digitalis.
Levodopa Slow stomach emptying.
Phenothiazines Increased chance of muscle
spasm and trembling.
Tetracycline Slow stomach emptying.
POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER SUBSTANCES
Interacts with Combined Effect
____________________________________________________________________
Alcohol Excess sedation. Avoid
Beverages Decreased metoclopramide
Coffee effect.
Cocaine Decreased metoclopramide
effect.
Foods No problems expected.
Marijuana Decreased metoclopramide
effect.
Tobacco Decreased metoclopramide
effect.
PROCHLORPERAZINE
BRAND NAMES
Chlorazine Prochlor-iso
Combid Pro-iso
Compazine Stemetil
Eskatrol
BASIC INFORMATION
Habit forming? No
Prescription needed? Yes
Available as generic? Yes
Drug class: Tranquilizer, antiemetic (phenothiazine)
USES
Stops nausea, vomiting
Reduces anxiety, agitation
DOSAGE AND USAGE INFORMATION
How to take:
Tablet or capsule--Swallow with liquid or food to lessen
stomach irritation.
Suppositories--Remove wrapper and moisten suppository with
water. Gently insert into rectum, large end first.
Drops or liquid--Dilute dose in beverage.
When to take:
Nervous and mental disorders--Take at the same times each day.
Nausea and vomiting--Take as needed, no more often than every
4 hours.
If you forget a dose:
Nervous and mental disorders--Take up to 2 hours late. If
more than 2 hours, wait for next scheduled dose (don't double
this dose).
Nausea and vomiting--Take as soon as you remember. Wait 4
hours for next dose.
What drug does:
Suppresses brain's vomiting center.
Suppresses brain centers that control abnormal emotions and
behavior.
Time lapse before drug works:
Nausea and vomiting-- 1 hour or less.
Nervous and mental disorders--4-6 weeks.
Don't take with:
Antacid or medicine for diarrhea.
Non-prescription drug for cough, cold or allergy.
See Interaction column and consult doctor.
POSSIBLE ADVERSE REACTIONS OR SIDE EFFECTS
Symptoms What to do
______________________________________________________________________
Life-threatening:
None expected.
Common:
Muscle spasms of face Discontinue. Seek emergency
and neck, unsteady gait. treatment.
Restlessness, tremor, Discontinue. Call doctor
drowsiness. right away.
Decreased sweating, dry Continue. Call doctor when
mouth, runny nose, convenient.
constipation.
Infrequent:
Fainting. Discontinue. Seek emergency
treatment.
Rash. Discontinue. Call doctor
right away.
Difficult urination, Continue. Call doctor when
diminished sex drive, convenient.
swollen breasts,
menstrual irregularities.
Rare:
Change in vision, sore Discontinue. Call doctor
throat, fever, jaundice. right away.
OVERDOSE
Symptoms:
Stupor, convulsions, coma.
What to do:
Dial 0 (operator) or 911 (emergency) for an ambulance or
medical help. then give first aid immediately.
See Emergency information section.
WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS
Don't take if:
You are allergic to any phentothiazine.
You have a blood or bone-marrow disease.
Before you start, consult your doctor:
If you will have surgery within 2 months, including dental
surgery, requiring general or spinal anesthesia.
If you have asthma, emphysema or other lung disorder.
If you take non-prescription ulcer medicine, asthma medicine
or amphetamines.
Over age 60:
Adverse reactions and side effects may be more frequent and
severe than in younger persons. More likely to develop
involuntary movement of jaws, lips, tongue, chewing. Report
this to your doctor immediately. Early treatment can help.
Pregnancy:
Risk to unborn child outweighs drug benefits. Don't use.
Breast-feeding:
Drug passes into milk. Avoid drug or discontinue nursing
until you finish medicine. Consult doctor for advice on
maintaining milk supply.
Infants & children:
Don't give to children younger than 2.
Prolonged use:
May lead to tardive dyskinesia (involuntary movement of jaws,
lips, tongue, chewing).
Skin & sunlight:
May cause rash or intensify sunburn in areas exposed to sun or
sunlamp. Skin may remain sensitive for 3 months after
discontinuing.
Driving, piloting or hazardous work:
Don't drive or pilot aircraft until you learn how medicine
affects you. Don't work around dangerous machinery. Don't
climb ladders or work in high places. Danger increases if you
drink alcohol or take medicine affecting alertness and
reflexes.
Discontinuing:
Nervous and mental disorders-Don't discontinue without
doctor's advice until you complete prescribed dose, even
though symptoms diminish or disappear.
Nausea and vomiting--May be unnecessary to finish medicine.
Follow doctor's instructions.
POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER DRUGS
Generic Name or Drug Class Combined effect
______________________________________________________________________
Anticholinergics Increased anticholinergic
effect.
Antidepressants (tricyclic) Increased prochlorperazine
effect.
Antihistamines Increased antihistamine
0& ? e|More [Y,n,=]? y
o????xp??????8
TRIMETHOBENZAMIDE
BRAND NAMES
Stemetic Tigan
Tegamide Tiject-20
Ticon
BASIC INFORMATION
Habit forming? No
Prescription needed? Yes
Available as generic? Yes
Drug class: Anitemetic
USES
Reduces nausea and vomiting.
DOSAGE AND USAGE INFORMATION
How to take:
Capsule--Swallow with liquid. If you can't swallow whole,
open capsule and take with liquid or food.
Suppositories--Remove wrapper and moisten suppository with
water. Gently insert larger end into rectum. Push well into
rectum with finger.
When to take:
When needed, no more often than label directs.
If you forget a dose:
Take when you remember. Wait as long as label directs for
next dose.
What drug does:
Possibly blocks nerve impulses to brain's vomiting centers.
Time lapse before drug works:
20 to 40 minutes.
Don't take with:
Non-prescription drugs or drugs in interaction column without
consulting doctor.
POSSIBLE ADVERSE REACTIONS OR SIDE EFFECTS
Symptoms What to do
____________________________________________________________________
Life-threatening:
None expected.
Common:
None expected.
Infrequent:
Rash, blurred vision, Discontinue. Call doctor
low blood pressure. right away.
Dizziness, drowsiness, Continue. Call doctor when
headache, diarrhea, muscle convenient.
cramps, unusual tiredness.
Rare:
Seizures, tremor, Discontinue. Call doctor
depression, sore throat, right away.
fever, repeated vomiting,
back pain, jaundice.
OVERDOSE
Symptoms:
Confusion, convulsions, coma.
What to do:
Dial 0 (operator) or 911 (emergency) for an ambulance or
medical help. Then give first aid immediately.
If patient is unconscious and not breathing, give
mouth-to-mouth breathing. If there is no heartbeat, use
cardiac massage and mouth-to-mouth breathing (CPR). Don't try
to make patient vomit. If you can't get help quickly, take
patient to nearest emergency facility.
See emergency information.
WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS
Don't take if:
You are allergic to trimethobenzamide.
You are allergic to local anesthetics and have suppository
form.
Before you start, consult your doctor:
If you have reacted badly to antihistamines.
Over age 60:
More susceptible to low blood pressure and sedative effects of
this drug.
Pregnancy:
No proven harm to unborn child. Avoid if possible.
Breast-feeding:
No proven problems. Avoid if possible.
Infants and Children:
Injectible form not recommended.
Avoid during viral infections. Drug may contribute to Reyes'
syndrome.
Prolonged use:
Damages blood-cell production of bone marrow.
Causes Parkinson-like symptoms of tremors, rigidity.
Skin and sunlight:
Possible sun sensitivity. Use caution.
Driving, piloting or hazardous work:
Use disqualifies you for piloting aircraft.
Don't drive until you learn how medicine affects you. Don't
work around dangerous machinery. Don't climb ladders or work
in high places. Danger increases if you drink alcohol or take
medicine affecting alertness and reflexes, such as
antihistamines, tranquilizers, sedatives, pain medicine,
narcotics and mind-altering drugs.
Discontinuing:
May be unnecessary to finish medicine. Follow doctor's
orders.
Other:
No problems expected.
POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER DRUGS
Generic Name or Drug Class Combined Effect
____________________________________________________________________
Antidepressants Increased sedative effect.
Antihistamines Increased sedative effect.
Barbiturates Increased effect of both
drugs.
Belladonna Increased effect of both
drugs.
Cholinergics Increased effect of both
drugs.
Mind-altering drugs Increased effect of mind-
altering drug.
Narcotics Increased sedative effect.
Phenothiazines Increased effect of both
drugs.
Sedatives Increased sedative effect.
Sleep inducers Increased effect of sleep
inducer.
Tranquilizers Increased sedative effect.
POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER SUBSTANCES
Interacts with Combined effect
____________________________________________________________________
Alcohol Oversedation. Avoid.
Beverages None expected.
Cocaine None expected.
Foods None expected.
Marijuana Increased antinausea effect.
Tobacco None expected.
???????????????????????????????????????????????
? ?
? ------Cortisone Drugs (Steroids)------ ?
? ?
? A. Methylprednisolone ?
? B. Prednisone ?
? ?
???????????????????????????????????????????????
METHYLPREDNISOLONE
BRAND NAMES
A-methaPred Medralone-80
dep Medalone Medrol
Depoject Medrol Enpak
Depo-Medrol Medrone
Depo-medrone Medrone-80
Depopred Mepred-40
Depo-Pred-40 Methylone
Depo-Pred-80 m-Prednisol
Depo-Predate Pre-Dep
Duralone Pro-Dep-40
Duralone-40 Pro-Dep-80
Duralone-80 Rep-Pred
Durameth Solu-Medrol
Medralone Solu-medrone
Medralone-40
BASIC INFORMATION
Habit forming? No
Prescription needed? Yes
Available as generic? Yes
Drug class: Cortisone drug (adrenal corticosteroid)
USES
Reduces inflammation caused by many different medical problems.
Treatment for some allergic diseases, blood disorders, kidney
diseases, asthma and emphysema.
Replaces corticosteroid deficiencies.
DOSAGE AND USAGE INFORMATION
How to take:
Tablet--Swallow with liquid or food to lessen stomach
irritation. If you can't swallow whole, crumble tablet and
take with liquid or food.
Injection--Take under doctor's supervision.
When to take:
At the same times each day. Take once-a-day or
once-every-other-day doses in mornings.
If you forget a dose:
Several-doses-per-day prescription--Take as soon as you
remember up to 2 hours late. If more than 2 hours, wait for
next scheduled dose (don't double this dose).
Once-a-day dose or less--Wait for next dose. Double this
dose.
What drug does:
Decreases inflammatory responses.
Time lapse before drug works:
2 to 4 days.
Don't take with:
See interaction column and consult doctor.
POSSIBLE ADVERSE REACTIONS OR SIDE EFFECTS
Symptoms What to Do
_______________________________________________________________________
Life-threatening:
Hives, rash, intense Seek emergency treatment
itching, faintness immediately.
soon after a dose
(anaphylaxis).
Common:
Acne, poor wound Continue. Call doctor when
healing, thirst, convenient.
indigestion, nausea,
vomiting, decreased
growth in children.
Infrequent:
Black, bloody or Discontinue. Seek emergency
tarry stools. treatment.
Blurred vision, Discontinue. Call doctor
halos around lights, right away.
sore throat, fever,
muscle cramps,
swollen legs or feet.
Mood change, Continue. Call doctor when
insomnia, convenient.
restlessness,
frequent urination,
weight gain, round
face, fatigue,
weakness, TB
recurrence, irregular
menstrual periods.
Rare:
Irregular heartbeat. Discontinue. Seek emergency
treatment.
Rash, numbness or Discontinue. Call doctor
tingling in hands right away.
or feet, pancreatitis,
thrombophlebitis,
hallucinations,
convulsions.
OVERDOSE
Symptoms:
Headache, convulsions, heart failure.
What to do:
Dial 0 (operator) or 911 (emergency) for an ambulance or
medical help. Then give first aid immediately.
See emergency information.
WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS
Don't take if:
You are allergic to any cortisone drug.
You have tuberculosis or fungus infection.
You have herpes infection of eyes, lips or genitals.
Before you start, consult your doctor:
If you have had tuberculosis.
If you have congestive heart failure.
If you have diabetes, peptic ulcer, glaucoma, underactive
thyroid, high blood pressure, myasthenia gravis, blood clots
in legs or lungs.
Over age 60:
Adverse reactions and side effects may be more frequent and
severe than in younger persons. Likely to aggravate edema,
diabetes or ulcers. Likely to cause cataracts and
osteoporosis (softening of the bones).
Pregnancy:
Risk to unborn child outweighs drug benefits. Don't use.
Breast-feeding:
Drug passes into milk. avoid drug or discontinue nursing
until you finish mecicine. Consult doctor for advice on
maintaining milk supply.
Infants and children:
Use only under medical supervision.
Prolonged use:
Retards growth in children.
Possible glaucoma, cataracts, diabetes, fragile bones and thin
skin.
Functional dependence.
Skin & sunlight:
No problems expected.
Driving, piloting or hazardous work:
No problems expected.
Discontinuing:
Don't discontinue without doctor's advice until you complete
prescribed dose, even though symptoms diminish or disappear.
Drug affects your response to surgery, illness, injury or
stress for 2 years after discontinuing. Tell anyone who takes
medical care of you within 2 years about drug.
Others:
Avoid immunizations if possible.
POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER DRUGS
Generic Name or Drug Class Combined Effect
______________________________________________________________________
Amphotericin B Potassium depletion.
Anticholinergics Possible glaucoma.
Anticoagulants (oral) Decreased anticoagulant effect
Anticonvulsants (hydantoin) Decreased methylprednisolone
effect.
Antidiabetics (oral) Decreased antidiabetic effect.
Antihistamines Decreased methylprednisolone
effect.
Aspirin Increased methylprednisolone
effect.
Attenuated virus vaccines Possible viral infection.
Barbiturates Decreased methylprednisolone
effect. Oversedation.
Chloral hydrate Decreased methylprednisolone
effect.
Chlorthalidone Potassium depletion.
Cholestyramine Decreased methylprednisolone
absorption.
Cholinergics Decreased cholinergic effect.
Colestipol Decreased methylprednisolone
effect.
Contraceptives (oral) Increased methylprednisolone
effect.
Digitalis preparations Dangerous potassium depletion.
Possible digitalis toxicity.
Diuretics (thiazide,) Potassium depletion.
Ephedrine Decreased methylprednisolone
effect.
Estrogens Increased methylprednisolone
effect.
Ethacrynic acid Potassium depletion.
Furosemide Potassium depletion.
Glutethimide Decreased methylprednisolone
effect.
Indapramide Possible excessive potassium
loss, causing dangerous
heartbeat irregularity.
Indomethacin Increased methylprednisolone
effect.
Insulin Decreased insulin effect.
Isoniazid Decreased isoniazid effect.
Mitotane Decreased methylprednisolone
effect.
Non-steroidal Increased risk of ulcers and
anti-inflammatory drugs methylprednisolone effect.
Oxyphenbutazone Possible ulcers.
Phenobarbital Decreased methylprednisolone
effect.
Phenylbutazone Possible ulcers.
Salicylates Decreased salicylate effect.
Theophylline Possible increased
theophylline effect.
Potassium supplements Decreased potassium effect.
Rifampin Decreased emthylprednisolone
effect.
Sympathomimetics Possible glaucoma.
POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER SUBSTANCES
Interacts With Combined Effect
________________________________________________________________________
Alcohol Risk of stomach ulcers.
Beverages No proven problems.
Cocaine Overstimulation. Avoid.
Foods No proven problems.
Marijuana Decreased immunity.
Tobacco Increased methylprednisolone
effect. Possible toxicity.
PREDNISONE
BRAND NAMES
Apo-Prednisone Panasol
Colisone Paracort
Cortan Prednicen-M
Deltasone SK-Prednisone
Liquid-Pred Sterapred
Meticorten Sterazolidin
Novoprednisone Winpred
Orasone
BASIC INFORMATION
Habit forming? No
Prescription needed? Yes
Available as generic? Yes
Drug class: Cortisone drug (adrenal corticosteroid)
USES
Reduces inflammation caused by many different medical problems.
Treatment for some allergic diseases, blood disorders, kidney
diseases, asthma and emphysema.
Replaces corticosteroid deficiencies.
DOSAGE AND USAGE INFORMATION
How to take:
Tablet or liquid--Swallow with liquid or food to lessen
stomach irritation. If you can't swallow whole, crumble
tablet.
When to take:
At the same times each day. Take once-a-day or
once-every-other-day doses in mornings.
If you forget a dose:
Several-doses-per-day prescription--Take as soon as you
remember up to 2 hours late. If more than 2 hours, wait for
next scheduled dose (don't double this dose).
Once-a-day dose or less--Wait for next dose. Double this
dose.
What drug does:
Decreases inflammatory responses.
Time lapse before drug works:
2 to 4 days.
Don't take with:
See interaction column and consult doctor.
POSSIBLE ADVERSE REACTIONS OR SIDE EFFECTS
Symptoms What To Do
__________________________________________________________________
Life-threatening:
Hives, rash, intense Seek emergency treatment
itching, faintness immediately.
soon after a dose
(anaphylaxis).
Common:
Acne, poor wound Continue. Call doctor
healing, thirst, when convenient.
indigestion, nausea,
vomiting, decreased
growth in children.
Infrequent:
Black, bloody or Discontinue. Seek emergency
tarry stool. treatment.
Blurred vision, Discontinue. Call doctor
halos around lights, right away.
sore throat, fever,
muscle cramps.
Mood change, fatigue, Continue. Call doctor
insomnia, weakness, when convenient.
restlessness,
frequent urination,
weight gain, round
face, TB recurrence,
irregular menstrual
periods.
Rare:
Irregular heartbeat. Discontinue. Seek emergency
treatment.
Skin rash, fever Discontinue. Call doctor
joint pain, acute right away.
psychosis, hair loss,
pancreatitis, numbness
or tingling in hands
or feet, convulsions,
thrombophlebitis,
hallucinations.
OVERDOSE
Symptoms:
Headache, convulsions, heart failure.
What to do:
Dial 0 (operator) or 911 (emergency) for an ambulance or
medical help. Then give first aid immediately.
See emergency information.
WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS
Don't take if:
You are allergic to any cortisone drug.
You have tuberculosis or fungus infection.
You have herpes infection of eyes, lips or genitals.
Before you start, consult your doctor:
If you have had tuberculosis.
If you have congestive heart failure.
If you have diabetes.
If you have peptic ulcer.
If you have glaucoma.
If you have underactive thyroid.
If you have high blood pressure.
If you have myasthenia gravis.
If you have blood clots in legs or lungs.
Over age 60:
Adverse reactions and side effects may be more frequent and
severe than in younger persons. Likely to aggravate edema,
diabetes or ulcers. Likely to cause cataracts and
osteoporosis (softening of the bones).
Pregnancy:
Risk to unborn child outweighs drug benefits. Don't use.
Breast-feeding:
Drug passes into milk. Avoid drug or discontinue nursing
until you finish medicine. Consult doctor for advice on
maintaining milk supply.
Infants and children:
Use only under medical supervision.
Prolonged use:
Retards growth in children.
Possible glaucoma, cataracts, diabetes, fragile bones and thin
skin.
Functional dependence.
Skin and Sunlight:
No problems expected.
Driving, piloting or hazardous work:
No problems expected.
Discontinuing:
Don't discontinue without doctor's advice until you complete
prescribed dose, even though symptoms diminish or disappear.
Drug affects your response to surgery, illness, injury or
stress for 2 years after discontinuing. Tell anyone who takes
medical care of you within 2 years about drug.
Others:
Avoid immunizations if possible.
POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER DRUGS
Generic Name or Drug Class Combined effect
________________________________________________________________
Amphotericin B Potassium depletion.
Anticholinergics Possible glaucoma.
Anticoagulants (oral) Decreased anticoagulant effect
Anticonvulsants (hydantoin) Decreased prednisone effect.
Antidiabetics (oral) Decreased antidiabetic effect.
Antihistamines Decreased prednisone effect.
Aspirin Increased prednisone effect.
Attenuated virus vaccines Possible viral infection.
Barbiturates Decreased prednisone effect.
Oversedation.
Chloral hydrate Decreased prednisone effect.
Chlorthalidone Potassium depletion.
Cholestyramine Decreased prednisone
absorption.
Cholinergics Decreased cholinergic effect.
Colestipol Decreased prednisone
absorption.
Contraceptives (oral) Increased prednisone effect.
Digitalis preparations Dangerous potassium depletion.
Possible digitalis toxicity.
Diuretics, thiazide Potassium depletion.
Ethacrynic acid Potassium depletion.
Ephedrine Decreased prednisone effect.
Estrogens Increased prednisone effect.
Furosemide Potassium depletion.
Glutethimide Decreased prednisone effect.
Indapamide Possible excessive potassium
loss, causing dangerous
heartbeat irregularity.
Indomethacin Increased prednisone effect.
Insulin Decreased insulin effect.
Isoniazid Decreased isoniazid effect.
Mitotane Decreased prednisone effect.
Non-steroidal Increased risk of ulcers and
anti-inflammatory drugs prednisone effect.
Phenobarbital Decreased prednisone effect.
Oxyphenbutazone Possible ulcers.
Phenylbutazone Possible ulcers.
Potassium supplements Decreased potassium effect.
Rifampin Decreased prednisone effect.
Salicylates Decreased salicylate effect.
Sympathomimetics Possible glaucoma.
Theophylline Possible increased
theophylline effect.
POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER SUBSTANCES
Interacts with Combined effect
________________________________________________________________
Alcohol: Risk of stomach ulcers.
Beverages: No proven problems.
Cocaine: Overstimulation. Avoid.
Foods: No proven problems.
Marijuana: Decreased immunity.
Tobacco: Increased prednisone effect.
Possible toxicity.