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AMINO ACIDS AND THEIR EFFECTS
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Version 1.1
Compiled by: Bj Krawchuk (krawchuk@cpsc.ucalgary.ca)
Several sources have been used and may be requested from above.
(*@/// Phenylalanine *)
(*@/// L-phenylalanine *)
L-phenylalanine
- converted into tyrosine which is
precursor to noradrenaline (NE) and dopamine
- like all amino acids best taken on empty stomach since it competes
with proteins to cross the blood brain barrier.
- requires vitamins C and B-6 for the conversion to NE.
- Dosage: 500 - 1000mg along with 1g C, 30-50mg B-6
- phenylalanine also stimulates the release of
cholecystokinin, which is the body's own appetite-suppressant,
- can increase sexual interest
- improves memory and mental alertness
- antidepressant
- do not use L-phenylalanine or L-tyrosine if you are
using MAO inhibitors for depression (it can cause a
major elevation in blood pressure).
(*@\\\*)
(*@/// DL-phenylalanine *)
DL-phenylalanine
- combination of synthetic (D) and natural (L) phenylalanine
- produces endorphins and stimulates their use
- thus, effective painkiller, often better than the
opiate derivatives such as morphine.
- nonaddictive, nontoxic
- reverse-tolerance effect (pain relief gets better)
- strong anti-depressant effect
- can be combined with other pain-killers
with few bad interactions
(*@\\\*)
(*@\\\*)
(*@/// Tyrosine *)
L-tyrosine
- precursor to norepinephrine and dopamine
- non-essential amino acid (since PA is converted into it first)
- has been studied as an effective aid to cocaine withdrawal
- (see L-phenylalanine)
(*@\\\*)
(*@/// Tryptophan *)
L-tryptophan
- precursor to the neurotransmitter serotonin along with
B6, niacin, and magnesium.
- (actually immediate precursor to 5-hydroxytryptophan (5HTP)
which is the precursor to serotonin (5HT))
- prolongs slow-wave sleep
- reduces pain sensitivity
- no effect or increases REMS
- has some hypnotic effects
- useful for some types of endogenous depression
(has been found as useful as imipramine and amitriptyline)
- aids in reducing anxiety and tension
- an appetite supressant
- dosages have been studied up to 15g
- Major Food Sources:
Cottage cheese, milk, meat, fish, turkey, bananas,
dried dates, peanuts, all protein-rich foods.
(*@\\\*)
(*@/// Lysine *)
L-lysine
- needed for growth and enzyme, hormone, antibody production
- aids concentration
- treatment for some sterility problems
- treatment and prevention for herpes infections
- aids fatty acid -> energy conversion
(*@\\\*)
(*@/// Arginine *)
L-arginine
- used to increase sperm counts
(semen contains up to 80% of arginine)
- aids immune response and healing of wounds
- helps stored fat metabolism
- helps to tone muscle tissue
- used for weight-loss in combination with L-ornithine
- one amino acid required for production of growth hormone
(*@\\\*)
(*@/// Ornithine *)
L-ornithine
- similar to arginine
- growth hormone (which acts as a fat metabolizer) is
stimulated to be released by ornithine and arginine.
- can be used as a slimming technique (while you sleep -
GH is released by the pituitary gland then)
(*@\\\*)
(*@/// Glutamine *)
L-glutamine
- converted to glutamic acid, the brain's emergency source of
energy when glucose is in short supply.
- precursor to the neurotransmitter GABA
- neutralizes excess ammonia (which can inhibit proper
brain function)
- improves intelligence
- helps to control alcoholism
- helps to speed ulcer healing
- alleviates fatigue, depression, impotence,
schizophrenia, senility
(*@\\\*)
(*@/// Aspartic Acid *)
L-aspartic acid
- ammonia neutralizer
- a study showed improved stamina and endurance in atheletes
(*@\\\*)
(*@/// Cysteine *)
L-cysteine
- cystine is its stable form
- antioxidant
- contains sulfur
- protects cellular membranes from "free radical damage"
- prevents alcohol and cigarette smoke damage to the brain
- stimulant to immune system
- believed to be good for antiaging
- effective against copper toxicity (eg. Wilson's disease)
- protects against X-ray and nuclear radiation
- warning: may affect insulin effectiveness
(*@\\\*)
(*@/// Methionine *)
L-methionine
- antioxidant
- contains sulfur
- prevents damage of brain cells from toxic heavy metals
- important in producing neurotransmitters and energy
- lowers blood level of histamine
(this may help some types of schizophrenia)
- combined with choline and folic acid, can prevent some
types of tumors
- deficiencies: hair loss, atherosclerosis, cholestorol deposits,
edema, poor urine processing
(*@\\\*)
(*@/// Glycine *)
L-glycine
- treatment for poor pituitary functioning
- supplies creatine which is essential for muscle function
(effective against muscular dystrophy)
- treatment for hypoglycemia
- stimulates glucagon which metabolizes glycogen into glucose
- antacid
- treatment for low blood pH
- treatment for leucine imbalance-causing body odor and halitosis
(*@\\\*)
(*@/// Leucine *)
L-taurine
- nonessential amino acid
- aids efficient conduction of electrical impulses
along nerve pathways
- anticonvulsant (esp in combo with glutamic, aspartic acids)
(*@\\\*)
(*@/// Glutathione *)
L-Glutathione
- tripeptide amino acid made of cysteine, glutamic acid and glycine
- "triple threat" antiaging
- antioxidant
- anti-tumor agent
- respiratory accelerator in the brain
- used in the treatment of: allergies, cataracts, diabetes,
hypoglycemia, arthritis
- prevents some side effects of chemotherapy and X-ray radiation
- protects against some harmful side-effects of cigarrette smoke
and alcohol
(*@\\\*)
(*@/// Carnatine *)
L-carnatine
- newly discovered amino acid
- aids stored fat -> energy conversion
- helps: hypoglycemia, reduces angina attacks, diabetes,
liver disease, kidney disease
- deficiency causes heart tissue damage
(*@\\\*)