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Europe
Page last updated: July 12, 2023
This desolate, arctic, mountainous island was named after a Dutch whaling captain who indisputably discovered it in 1614 (earlier claims are inconclusive). Visited only occasionally by seal hunters and trappers over the following centuries, the island came under Norwegian sovereignty in 1929. The long dormant Beerenberg volcano, the northernmost active volcano on earth, resumed activity in 1970 and the most recent eruption occurred in 1985.
Northern Europe, island between the Greenland Sea and the Norwegian Sea, northeast of Iceland
71 00 N, 8 00 W
Arctic Region
Total: 377 sq km
Land: 377 sq km
Water: 0 sq km
Slightly more than twice the size of Washington, DC
Total: 0 km
124.1 km
Territorial sea: 12 nm
Contiguous zone: 24 nm
Exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation
Arctic maritime with frequent storms and persistent fog
Volcanic island, partly covered by glaciers
Highest point: Haakon VII Toppen on Beerenberg 2,277
Lowest point: Norwegian Sea 0 m
Note: Beerenberg volcano has numerous peaks; the highest point on the volcano rim is named Haakon VII Toppen, after Norway's first king following the reestablishment of Norwegian independence in 1905
None
Agricultural land: 0% (2011 est.)
Other: 100% (2018 est.)
0 sq km (2022)
Dominated by the volcano Beerenberg
Volcanism: Beerenberg (2,227 m) is Norway's only active volcano; volcanic activity resumed in 1970; the most recent eruption occurred in 1985
Barren volcanic spoon-shaped island with some moss and grass flora; island consists of two parts: a larger northeast Nord-Jan (the spoon "bowl") and the smaller Sor-Jan (the "handle"), linked by a 2.5 km-wide isthmus (the "stem") with two large lakes, Sorlaguna (South Lagoon) and Nordlaguna (North Lagoon)
No indigenous inhabitants
Note: military personnel operate the the weather and coastal services radio station
0-14 years: NA
15-64 years: NA
65 years and over: NA
Total dependency ratio: NA
Youth dependency ratio: NA
Elderly dependency ratio: NA
Potential support ratio: NA
NA
NA
NA
Improved: urban: NA
Rural: NA
Total: NA
Unimproved: urban: NA
Rural: NA
Total: NA
NA
NA
NA
Pollutants transported from southerly latitudes by winds, ocean currents, and rivers accumulate in the food chains of native animals; climate change
Arctic maritime with frequent storms and persistent fog
Agricultural land: 0% (2011 est.)
Other: 100% (2018 est.)
Conventional long form: none
Conventional short form: Jan Mayen
Etymology: named after Dutch Captain Jan Jacobszoon MAY, one of the first explorers to reach the island in 1614
Territory of Norway; since August 1994, administered from Oslo through the county governor (fylkesmann) of Nordland; however, authority has been delegated to a station commander of the Norwegian Defense Communication Service; in 2010, Norway designated the majority of Jan Mayen as a nature reserve
The laws of Norway apply where applicable
The flag of Norway is used
A coastal radio station has been remotely operated since 1994
1 (2021)
1
Note: unpaved runways have a surface composition such as grass or packed earth and are most suited to the operation of light aircraft; unpaved runways are usually short, often less than 1,000 m (3,280 ft.) in length; airports with unpaved runways often lack facilities for refueling, maintenance, or air traffic control
None; offshore anchorage only
Defense is the responsibility of Norway
None identified