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Network Working Group T. Hastings
Request for Comments: 3381 Xerox Corporation
Updates: 2910 H. Lewis
Category: Standards Track IBM Printing Company
R. Bergman
Hitachi Koki Imaging Solutions
September 2002
Internet Printing Protocol (IPP):
Job Progress Attributes
Status of this Memo
This document specifies an Internet standards track protocol for the
Internet community, and requests discussion and suggestions for
improvements. Please refer to the current edition of the "Internet
Official Protocol Standards" (STD 1) for the standardization state
and status of this protocol. Distribution of this memo is unlimited.
Copyright Notice
Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2002). All Rights Reserved.
Abstract
This document defines four new Job Description attributes for
monitoring job progress to be registered as OPTIONAL extensions to
the Internet Printing Protocol (IPP/1.0 and IPP/1.1). These
attributes are drawn from the PWG Job Monitoring MIB. This document
also defines a new "sheet-collate" Job Template attribute to control
sheet collation and to help with the interpretation of the job
progress attributes.
Hastings, et. al. Standards Track [Page 1]
RFC 3381 IPP: Job Progress Attributes September 2002
Table of Contents
1 Introduction.....................................................2
2 Terminology......................................................2
2.1 Conformance Terminology........................................4
2.2 Other terminology..............................................4
3 Job Template attributes..........................................4
3.1 sheet-collate (type2 keyword)..................................4
4 IPP Job Description attributes for monitoring Job Progress.......6
4.1 job-collation-type (type2 enum)................................9
4.2 sheet-completed-copy-number (integer(0:MAX))..................11
4.3 sheet-completed-document-number (integer(0:MAX))..............11
4.4 impressions-completed-current-copy (integer(0:MAX))...........11
5 Conformance Requirements........................................11
6 IANA Considerations.............................................12
6.1 Attributes....................................................
6.2 Keyword Attribute Values......................................
6.3 Enum Attribute Values.........................................
7 Internationalization Considerations.............................12
8 Security Considerations.........................................12
9 References......................................................12
10 Description of the Base IPP Documents..........................13
11 Authors' Addresses.............................................15
12 Full Copyright Statement.......................................16
1 Introduction
This document defines four new Job Description attributes for
monitoring job progress to be registered as OPTIONAL extensions to
IPP/1.0 [RFC2566] and IPP/1.1 [RFC2911]. These attributes are drawn
from the PWG Job Monitoring MIB [RFC2707]. See section 10 for a
description of the base IPP documents. The new Job Description
attributes are:
"job-collation-type" (type2 enum)
"sheet-completed-copy-number" (integer(0:MAX))
"sheet-completed-document-number" (integer(0:MAX))
"impressions-completed-current-copy" (integer(0:MAX))
This document also defines a new "sheet-collate" Job Template
attribute to control sheet collation and to help with the
interpretation of the job progress attributes. These new attributes
may also be used by themselves in combination with the IPP/1.1 "job-
impressions-completed" attribute, as useful job progress monitoring
attributes and/or may be passed in an IPP Notification (see [ipp-
ntfy]).
Hastings, et. al. Standards Track [Page 2]
RFC 3381 IPP: Job Progress Attributes September 2002
2 Terminology
This section defines terminology used throughout this document.
2.1 Conformance Terminology
Capitalized terms, such as MUST, MUST NOT, REQUIRED, SHOULD, SHOULD
NOT, MAY, NEED NOT, and OPTIONAL, have special meaning relating to
conformance, as defined in RFC 2119 [RFC2119] and [RFC2911] section
12.1. If an implementation supports the extension defined in this
document, then these terms apply; otherwise, they do not. These
terms define conformance to this document only; they do not affect
conformance to other documents, unless explicitly stated otherwise.
2.2 Other terminology
This document uses terms such as Job object (or Job), IPP Printer
object (or Printer), "operation", "attribute", "keyword", "support",
and "impression". These terms have special meaning and are defined
in the model terminology [RFC2911], section 12.2.
3 Job Template attributes
3.1 sheet-collate (type2 keyword)
+===================+======================+=====================+
| Job Attribute |Printer: Default Value| Printer: Supported |
| | Attribute | Values Attribute |
+===================+======================+=====================+
| sheet-collate | sheet-collate-default| sheet-collate- |
| (type2 keyword) | (type2 keyword) | supported (1setOf |
| | | type2 keyword) |
+-------------------+----------------------+---------------------+
This attribute specifies whether or not the media sheets of each copy
of each printed document in a job are to be in sequence, when
multiple copies of the document are specified by the 'copies'
attribute.
Standard keyword values are:
'uncollated': each print-stream sheet is printed a number of
times in succession equal to the value of the 'copies'
attribute, followed by the next print-stream sheet.
'collated': each copy of each document is printed with the
print-stream sheets in sequence, followed by the next document
copy.
Hastings, et. al. Standards Track [Page 3]
RFC 3381 IPP: Job Progress Attributes September 2002
For example, suppose a document produces two media sheets as output,
and "copies" is equal to '6'. For the 'uncollated' case, six copies
of the first media sheet are printed, followed by six copies of the
second media sheet. For the 'collated' case, one copy of each of the
six sheets is printed, followed by another copy of each of the six
media sheets.
Whether the effect of sheet collation is achieved by placing copies
of a document in multiple output bins, or in the same output bin with
implementation defined document separation, is implementation
dependent. Also whether it is achieved by making multiple passes
over the job or by using an output sorter, is implementation
dependent.
Note: IPP/1.0 [RFC2566] and IPP/1.1 [RFC2911] are silent on whether
or not sheets within documents are collated. The "sheet-collate-
supported" Printer attribute permits a Printer object to indicate
whether or not it collates sheets with each document and whether it
allows the client to control sheet collation. An implementation is
able to indicate that it supports uncollated sheets, collated sheets,
or both, using the 'uncollated', 'collated', or both 'uncollated' and
'collated' values, respectively.
This attribute is affected by "multiple-document-handling". The
"multiple-document-handling" attribute describes the collation of
documents, and the "sheet-collate" attribute describes the semantics
of collating individual pages within a document. To better explain
the interaction between these two attributes, the term "set" is
introduced. A "set" is a logical boundary between the delivered
media sheets of a printed job. For example, in the case of a ten
page single document with collated pages and a request for 50 copies,
each of the 50 printed copies of the document constitutes a "set".
In the above example if the pages were uncollated, then 50 copies of
each of the individual pages within the document would represent each
"set".
Hastings, et. al. Standards Track [Page 4]
RFC 3381 IPP: Job Progress Attributes September 2002
The following table describes the interaction of "sheet-collate" with
multiple document handling.
"sheet- "multiple- Semantics
collate" document-
handling"
'collated' 'single- Each copy of the concatenated
document' documents, with their pages in
sequence, represents a "set".
'collated' 'single- Each copy of the concatenated
document-new- documents, with their pages in
sheet' sequence, represents a "set".
'collated' 'separate- Each copy of each separate
documents- document, with its pages in
collated- sequence, represents a "set".
copies'
'collated' 'separate- Each copy of each separate
documents- document, with its pages in
uncollated- sequence, represents a "set".
copies
'uncollated' 'single- Each media sheet of the document
document' is printed a number of times equal
to the "copies" attribute; which
constitutes a "set".
'uncollated' 'single- Each media sheet of the
document-new- concatenated documents is printed
sheet' a number of times equal to the
"copies" attribute; which
constitutes a "set".
'uncollated' 'separate- This is a degenerate case, and the
documents- printer object MUST reject the job
collated- and return the status, "client-
copies' error-conflicting-attributes".
'uncollated' 'separate- This is a degenerate case, and the
documents- printer object MUST reject the job
uncollated- and return the status "client-
copies error-conflicting-attributes".
Hastings, et. al. Standards Track [Page 5]
RFC 3381 IPP: Job Progress Attributes September 2002
From the above table it is obvious that the implicit value of the
"sheet-collate" attribute in a printer that does not support the
"sheet-collate" attribute, is 'collated.' The semantics of
"multiple-document-handling" are otherwise nonsensical in the case
of separate documents.
4 IPP Job Description attributes for monitoring Job Progress
The following IPP Job Description attributes are proposed to be added
to IPP through the type2 registration procedures. They are useful
for monitoring the progress of a job. They are also used as
attributes in the notification content in a notification report
[ipp-ntfy].
There are a number of Job Description attributes for monitoring the
progress of a job. These objects and attributes count the number of
K octets, impressions, sheets, and pages requested or completed. For
impressions and sheets, "completed" means stacked, unless the
implementation is unable to detect when each sheet is stacked, in
which case, stacked is approximated when the processing of each sheet
is completed. There are objects and attributes for the overall job
and for the current copy of the document currently being stacked.
For the latter, the rate at which the various objects and attributes
count, depends on the sheet and document collation of the job.
Consider the following four Job Description attributes that are used
to monitor the progress of a job's impressions:
1. "job-impressions-completed" - counts the total number of
impressions stacked for the job (see [RFC2911] section
4.3.18.2).
2. "impressions-completed-current-copy" - counts the number of
impressions stacked for the current document copy.
3. "sheet-completed-copy-number" - identifies the number of the
copy for the current document being stacked, where the first
copy is 1.
4. "sheet-completed-document-number" - identifies the current
document within the job that is being stacked, where the first
document in a job is 1. NOTE: this attribute SHOULD NOT be
implemented for implementations that only support one document
per job.
Hastings, et. al. Standards Track [Page 6]
RFC 3381 IPP: Job Progress Attributes September 2002
For each of the three types of job collation, a job with three copies
of two documents (1, 2), where each document consists of 3
impressions, the four variables have the following values, as each
sheet is stacked for one-sided printing:
"job-collation-type" = 'uncollated-sheets(3)'
"job- "impressions- "sheet- "sheet-
impressions- completed- completed- completed-
completed" current-copy" copy-number" document-
number"
0 0 0 0
1 1 1 1
2 1 2 1
3 1 3 1
4 2 1 1
5 2 2 1
6 2 3 1
7 3 1 1
8 3 2 1
9 3 3 1
10 1 1 2
11 1 2 2
12 1 3 2
13 2 1 2
14 2 2 2
15 2 3 2
16 3 1 2
17 3 2 2
18 3 3 2
Hastings, et. al. Standards Track [Page 7]
RFC 3381 IPP: Job Progress Attributes September 2002
"job-collation-type" = 'collated-documents(4)'
"job- "impressions- "sheet- "sheet-
impressions- completed- completed- completed-
completed" current-copy" copy- document-
number" number"
0 0 0 0
1 1 1 1
2 2 1 1
3 3 1 1
4 1 1 2
5 2 1 2
6 3 1 2
7 1 2 1
8 2 2 1
9 3 2 1
10 1 2 2
11 2 2 2
12 3 2 2
13 1 3 1
14 2 3 1
15 3 3 1
16 1 3 2
17 2 3 2
18 3 3 2
Hastings, et. al. Standards Track [Page 8]
RFC 3381 IPP: Job Progress Attributes September 2002
"job-collation-type" = 'uncollated-documents(5)'
"job- "impressions- "sheet- "sheet-
impressions- completed- completed- completed-
completed" current-copy" copy-t document-
number" number"
0 0 0 0
1 1 1 1
2 2 1 1
3 3 1 1
4 1 2 1
5 2 2 1
6 3 2 1
7 1 3 1
8 2 3 1
9 3 3 1
10 1 1 2
11 2 1 2
12 3 1 2
13 1 2 2
14 2 2 2
15 3 2 2
16 1 3 2
17 2 3 2
18 3 3 2
4.1 job-collation-type (type2 enum)
Job Collation includes sheet collation and document collation. Sheet
collation is defined to be the ordering of sheets within a document
copy. Document collation is defined to be the ordering of document
copies within a multi-document job. The value of the "job-
collation-type" is affected by the value of the "sheet-collate" Job
Template attribute (see section 3.1), if supplied and supported.
The Standard enum values are:
'1' 'other': not one of the defined values
'2' 'unknown': the collation type is unknown
'3' 'uncollated-sheets': No collation of the sheets within each
document copy, i.e., each sheet of a document that
is to produce multiple copies, is replicated before
the next sheet in the document is processed and
stacked. If the device has an output bin collator,
the 'uncollated-sheets(3)' value may actually
Hastings, et. al. Standards Track [Page 9]
RFC 3381 IPP: Job Progress Attributes September 2002
produce collated sheets as far as the user is
concerned (in the output bins). However, when the
job collation is the 'uncollated-sheets(3)' value,
job progress is indistinguishable from a monitoring
application between a device that has an output bin
collator and one that does not.
'4' 'collated-documents': Collation of the sheets within each
document copy is performed within the printing
device by making multiple passes over, either the
source or an intermediate representation of the
document. In addition, when there are multiple
documents per job, the i'th copy of each document is
stacked before the j'th copy of each document, i.e.,
the documents are collated within each job copy.
For example, if a job is submitted with documents, A
and B, the job is made available to the end user as:
A, B, A, B, .... The 'collated-documents(4)' value
corresponds to the IPP [RFC2911] 'separate-
documents-collated-copies' keyword value of the
"multiple-document-handling" attribute.
If the job's "copies" attribute is '1' (or not
supplied), then the "job-collation-type" attribute
is defined to be '4'.
'5' 'uncollated-documents': Collation of the sheets within each
document copy is performed within the printing
device by making multiple passes over either the
source or an intermediate representation of the
document. In addition, when there are multiple
documents per job, all copies of the first document
in the job are stacked before any copied of the next
document in the job, i.e., the documents are
uncollated within the job. For example, if a job is
submitted with documents, A and B, the job is made
available to the end user as: A, A, ..., B, B, ....
The 'uncollated-documents(5)' value corresponds to
the IPP [RFC2911] 'separate-documents-uncollated-
copies' keyword value of the "multiple-document-
handling" attribute.
Hastings, et. al. Standards Track [Page 10]
RFC 3381 IPP: Job Progress Attributes September 2002
4.2 sheet-completed-copy-number (integer(0:MAX))
The number of the copy being stacked for the current document. This
number starts at 0, is set to 1 when the first sheet of the first
copy for each document is being stacked and is equal to n where n is
the nth sheet stacked in the current document copy. If the value is
unknown, the Printer MUST return the 'unknown' out-of-band value (see
[RFC2911] section 4.1), rather than the -2 value used in some MIBs
[RFC2707].
4.3 sheet-completed-document-number (integer(0:MAX))
The ordinal number of the document in the job that is currently being
stacked. This number starts at 0, increments to 1 when the first
sheet of the first document in the job is being stacked, and is equal
to n where n is the nth document in the job, starting with 1. If the
value is unknown, the Printer MUST return the 'unknown' out-of-band
value (see [RFC2911] section 4.1), rather than the -2 value used in
some MIBs [RFC2707].
Implementations that only support one document job SHOULD NOT
implement this attribute.
4.4 impressions-completed-current-copy (integer(0:MAX))
The number of impressions completed by the device for the current
copy of the current document so far. For printing, the impressions
completed includes interpreting, marking, and stacking the output.
For other types of job services, the number of impressions completed
includes the number of impressions processed. If the value is
unknown, the Printer MUST return the 'unknown' out-of-band value (see
[RFC2911] section 4.1), rather than the -2 value used in some MIBs
[RFC2707].
This value MUST be reset to 0 for each document in the job and for
each document copy.
5 Conformance Requirements
This section summarizes the Conformance Requirements detailed in the
definitions in this document. In general each of the attributes
defined in this document are OPTIONAL for a client and/or a Printer
to support, so that client and Printer implementers MAY implement any
combination of these attributes.
Hastings, et. al. Standards Track [Page 11]
RFC 3381 IPP: Job Progress Attributes September 2002
6 IANA Considerations
This section contains registration information for IANA to add to the
IPP Registry according to the procedures defined in RFC 2911
[RFC2911], section 6. The resulting registrations will be published
in the http://www.iana.org/assignments/ipp-registrations registry.
6.1 Attributes
Job Template attributes: Ref. Section:
sheet-collate (type2 keyword) RFC 3381 3.1
sheet-default (type2 keyword) RFC 3381 3.1
sheet-supported (1setOf type2 keyword) RFC 3381 3.1
Job Description attributes: Ref. Section:
job-collation-type (type2 enum) RFC 3381 4.1
sheet-completed-copy-number (integer(0:MAX)) RFC 3381 4.2
sheet-completed-document-number (integer(0:MAX))RFC 3381 4.3
impressions-completed-current-copy (integer(0:MAX))
RFC 3381 4.4
6.2 Keyword Attribute Values
The following table provides registration information for all of the
attributes defined in this document that have keyword values. These
keywords are to be registered according to the procedures defined in
RFC 2911 [RFC2911] section 6.1.
sheet-collate (type2 keyword) RFC 3381 3.1
'uncollated' RFC 3381 3.1
'collated' RFC 3381 3.1
sheet-collate-default (type2 keyword) RFC 3381 3.1
See "sheet-collate" attribute
sheet-collate-supported (1setOf type2 keyword) RFC 3381 3.1
See "sheet-collate" attribute
6.3 Enum Attribute Values
The following table provides registration information for all of the
attributes defined in this document that have enum values. These
enums are to be registered according to the procedures defined in RFC
2911 [RFC2911] section 6.1.
job-collation-type (type2 enum) RFC 3381 4.1
'1' 'other' RFC 3381 4.1
'2' 'unknown' RFC 3381 4.1
'3' 'uncollated-sheets' RFC 3381 4.1
'4' 'collated-documents' RFC 3381 4.1
'5' 'uncollated-documents' RFC 3381 4.1
Hastings, et. al. Standards Track [Page 12]
RFC 3381 IPP: Job Progress Attributes September 2002
7 Internationalization Considerations
The IPP extensions defined in this document require the same
internationalization considerations as any of the Job Template and
Job Description attributes defined in IPP/1.1 [RFC2911].
8 Security Considerations
The IPP extensions defined in this document require the same security
considerations as any of the Job Template attributes and Job
Description attributes defined in IPP/1.1 [RFC2911].
9 References
9.1 Normative References
[RFC2910] Herriot, R., Butler, S., Moore, P. and R. Turner,
"Internet Printing Protocol/1.1: Encoding and Transport",
RFC 2910, September 2000.
[RFC2911] Hastings, T., Herriot, R., deBry, R., Isaacson, S. and P.
Powell, "Internet Printing Protocol/1.1: Model and
Semantics", RFC 2911, September 2000.
9.2 Informative References
[RFC2565] Herriot, R., Butler, S., Moore, P. and R. Turner,
"Internet Printing Protocol/1.0: Encoding and Transport",
RFC 2565, April 1999.
[RFC2566] deBry, R., Hastings, T., Herriot, R., Isaacson, S. and P.
Powell, "Internet Printing Protocol/1.0: Model and
Semantics", RFC 2566, April 1999.
[RFC2567] Wright, F.D., "Design Goals for an Internet Printing
Protocol", RFC 2567, April 1999.
[RFC2568] Zilles, S., "Rationale for the Structure and Model and
Protocol for the Internet Printing Protocol", RFC 2568,
April 1999.
[RFC2569] Herriot, R., Hastings, T., Jacobs, N. and J. Martin,
"Mapping between LPD and IPP Protocols", RFC 2569, April
1999.
[RFC2707] Bergman, R., Hastings, T., Isaacson, S. and H. Lewis, "PWG
Job Monitoring MIB - V1", RFC 2707, November 1999.
Hastings, et. al. Standards Track [Page 13]
RFC 3381 IPP: Job Progress Attributes September 2002
[RFC3196] Hastings, T., Manros, C., Zehler, P., Kugler, C. and H.
Holst, "Internet Printing Protocol/1.1: Implementor's
Guide", RFC 3196, November 2001.
[ipp-ntfy] Herriot, R., Hastings, T., et. al., "Internet Printing
Protocol (IPP): Event Notification and Subscriptions",
Work in Progress.
10 Description of the Base IPP Documents
The base set of IPP documents includes:
Design Goals for an Internet Printing Protocol [RFC2567]
Rationale for the Structure and Model and Protocol for the
Internet Printing Protocol [RFC2568]
Internet Printing Protocol/1.1: Model and Semantics [RFC2911]
Internet Printing Protocol/1.1: Encoding and Transport [RFC2910]
Internet Printing Protocol/1.1: Implementer's Guide [RFC3196]
Mapping between LPD and IPP Protocols [RFC2569]
The "Design Goals for an Internet Printing Protocol" document takes a
broad look at distributed printing functionality, and enumerates
real-life scenarios that help to clarify the features that need to be
included in a printing protocol for the Internet. It identifies
requirements for three types of users: end users, operators, and
administrators. It calls out a subset of end user requirements that
are satisfied in IPP/1.0 [RFC2566, RFC2565]. A few OPTIONAL operator
operations have been added to IPP/1.1 [RFC2911, RFC2910].
The "Rationale for the Structure and Model and Protocol for the
Internet Printing Protocol" document describes IPP from a high level
view, defines a roadmap for the various documents that form the suite
of IPP specification documents, and gives background and rationale
for the IETF IPP working group's major decisions.
The "Internet Printing Protocol/1.1: Model and Semantics" document
describes a simplified model with abstract objects, their attributes,
and their operations. The model introduces a Printer and a Job. The
Job supports multiple documents per Job. The model document also
addresses how security, internationalization, and directory issues
are addressed.
The "Internet Printing Protocol/1.1: Encoding and Transport" document
is a formal mapping of the abstract operations and attributes defined
in the model document onto HTTP/1.1 [RFC2616]. It also defines the
encoding rules for a new Internet MIME media type called
"application/ipp". This document also defines the rules for
transporting over HTTP a message body whose Content-Type is
Hastings, et. al. Standards Track [Page 14]
RFC 3381 IPP: Job Progress Attributes September 2002
"application/ipp". This document defines the 'ipp' scheme for
identifying IPP printers and jobs.
The "Internet Printing Protocol/1.1: Implementer's Guide" document
gives insight and advice to implementers of IPP clients and IPP
objects. It is intended to help them understand IPP/1.1 and some of
the considerations that may assist them in the design of their client
and/or IPP object implementations. For example, a typical order of
processing requests is given, including error checking. Motivation
for some of the specification decisions is also included.
The "Mapping between LPD and IPP Protocols" document gives some
advice to implementers of gateways between IPP and LPD (Line Printer
Daemon) implementations.
In addition to the base IPP documents, the "Event Notification
Specification" document [ipp-ntfy] defines OPTIONAL operations that
allow a client to subscribe to printing related events.
Subscriptions include "Per-Job subscriptions" and "Per-Printer
subscriptions". Subscriptions are modeled as Subscription objects.
Four other operations are defined for subscription objects: get
attributes, get subscriptions, renew a subscription, and cancel a
subscription.
Hastings, et. al. Standards Track [Page 15]
RFC 3381 IPP: Job Progress Attributes September 2002
11 Authors' Addresses
Tom Hastings
Xerox Corporation
737 Hawaii St. ESAE 231
El Segundo, CA 90245
Phone: 310-333-6413
Fax: 310-333-5514
EMail: hastings@cp10.es.xerox.com
Harry Lewis
IBM
6300 Diagonal Hwy
Boulder, CO 80301-9191
Phone: (303) 924-5337
EMail: harryl@us.ibm.com
Ron Bergman (Editor)
Hitachi Koki Imaging Solutions
1757 Tapo Canyon Road
Simi Valley, CA 93063-3394
Phone: 805-578-4421
Fax: 805-578-4001
EMail: rbergma@hitachi-hkis.com
IPP Web Page: http://www.pwg.org/ipp/
IPP Mailing List: ipp@pwg.org
To subscribe to the ipp mailing list, send the following email:
1) send it to majordomo@pwg.org
2) leave the subject line blank
3) put the following two lines in the message body:
subscribe ipp
end
Implementers of this specification document are encouraged to join
the IPP Mailing List in order to participate in any discussions of
clarification issues and review of registration proposals for
additional attributes and values. In order to reduce spam, the
mailing list rejects mail from non-subscribers, so you must subscribe
to the mailing list in order to send a question or comment to the
mailing list.
Hastings, et. al. Standards Track [Page 16]
RFC 3381 IPP: Job Progress Attributes September 2002
12 Full Copyright Statement
Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2002). All Rights Reserved.
This document and translations of it may be copied and furnished to
others, and derivative works that comment on or otherwise explain it
or assist in its implementation may be prepared, copied, published
and distributed, in whole or in part, without restriction of any
kind, provided that the above copyright notice and this paragraph are
included on all such copies and derivative works. However, this
document itself may not be modified in any way, such as by removing
the copyright notice or references to the Internet Society or other
Internet organizations, except as needed for the purpose of
developing Internet standards in which case the procedures for
copyrights defined in the Internet Standards process must be
followed, or as required to translate it into languages other than
English.
The limited permissions granted above are perpetual and will not be
revoked by the Internet Society or its successors or assigns.
This document and the information contained herein is provided on an
"AS IS" basis and THE INTERNET SOCIETY AND THE INTERNET ENGINEERING
TASK FORCE DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING
BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTY THAT THE USE OF THE INFORMATION
HEREIN WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY RIGHTS OR ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
Acknowledgement
Funding for the RFC Editor function is currently provided by the
Internet Society.
Hastings, et. al. Standards Track [Page 17]