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With the development of sensor technology, inclination sensors are of great significance in the inspection of dams and bridges.
Deformation is an important parameter in the evaluation of the health condition of bridge and dam class, and thus becomes an important indicator of bridge and dam health monitoring. The deformation of the structure is mainly divided into two kinds: the overall deformation of the structural components and the local deformation. The overall deformation reflects the overall working condition of the structure, which is an important test content of the limit state of normal use and an important test mark of the limit state of bearing capacity.
The overall deformation is often characterized by the displacement of individual parts, such as the deflection of the structure, the lateral displacement of the lateral force resisting members, and the horizontal displacement of the arch. Displacement measurements of bridge dams include vertical displacement measurements, lateral displacement measurements, and longitudinal displacement measurements. Measurement of bridge deflection is mainly on the deflection of the bridge span under constant load and live load clear conditions. Deflection is the magnitude of the longitudinal displacement of the center of form at a cross-section of a girder in the direction perpendicular to the axis. Therefore, deflection measurement is essentially a displacement measurement.
The deflection deformation of the main girder in the bridge dam displacement measurement is one of the important indexes for evaluating the use function and safety of the bridge, which directly reflects the vertical overall stiffness of the bridge structure. From the dynamic numerical analysis of deflection, the impact coefficients of load and the distribution of structural internal forces can be derived, and the weak parts of the bridge sorghum and the structural integrity can be judged.
Observing the dynamic deflection of the bridge can get the regularity of the cyclic change of the bridge, which can provide reference for the design of the bridge; at the same time, it is necessary to accurately measure the static and dynamic deflection value of the bridge in the aspects of the bridge inspection, the reconstruction of dangerous bridges and the acceptance of new bridges.
With the research work of bridge health monitoring, many methods and instruments for displacement and deflection measurement have appeared. To summarize, there are three main types of deflection measurement methods: mechanical measurement methods, such as the hanging wire method; electrical measurement, such as electromagnetic wave ranging method; optical measurement and optical-mechanical-electrical combination of measurement methods. The measuring instruments and meters used mainly include: percentile meter, micrometer, accelerometer, level, latitude and longitude, etc. These instruments are currently used in bridge monitoring and inspection. These instruments are still widely used in bridge monitoring and acceptance appraisal, and in the long-term measurement work, many professional inspectors have reformed and innovated the measurement technology also based on the above.
These methods also have their own advantages and strengths in practical application, but there are still many unsatisfactory points: or high cost, low precision; or maintenance difficulties, not suitable for long-term use; or use of harsh conditions, practicality is not strong, or the preparation time is too long, the installation is not very convenient, and in the complex and changeable external conditions, the instrument may fail. In short, no suitable and practical structural deflection monitoring method can be found, which will inevitably affect the development of bridge structural safety monitoring. In recent years, many bridge workers began to practice some new deflection measurement methods and achieved great success, these methods have a great breakthrough compared with the traditional methods, in which the use of inclination sensors of the multi-non-contact measurement method, to solve the problems that could not be solved in the past measurement methods.
Now the inclination sensor measurement program is more with wireless inclination sensor, part of the wireless inclination sensor has a long standby time, data acquisition, transmission distance can also be designed according to different needs of different transmission methods.
https://www.renkeer.com/inclinometer-working-types-and-applications/