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2008-01-18 12:54:57
By Julie SteenhuysenThu Jan 17, 7:20 PM ET
Diets high in protein may be the best way to keep hunger in check, U.S.
researchers said on Thursday in a study that offers insight into how diets
work.
They found that protein does the best job at keeping a hunger hormone in check,
while carbohydrates and fats may well deserve their current nasty reputation.
The study, which will appear in the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology &
Metabolism, looked at the effectiveness of different nutrients at suppressing
ghrelin, a hormone secreted by the stomach that stimulates appetite.
"Suppression of ghrelin is one of the ways that you lose your appetite as you
begin to eat and become sated," said Dr. David Cummings of the University of
Washington in Seattle, who worked on the study.
The researchers gave 16 people three different beverages, each with varying
levels of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. They took blood samples before the
first beverage, then every 20 minutes for six hours afterward, measuring
ghrelin levels in each sample.
"The interesting findings were that fats suppress ghrelin quite poorly,"
Cummings said in a telephone interview. They fared the poorest overall.
"Proteins were the best suppressor of ghrelin in terms of the combination of
the depth and duration of suppression," he said. "That is truly satisfying
because high proteins are essentially common to almost all of the popular
diets."
They also found that eating carbohydrates resulted in a strong ghrelin
suppression at first, but ghrelin levels rebounded with a vengeance, rising to
an even higher level.
Basically, the carbohydrates eventually made people even hungrier than before
they had eaten.
Cummings said the findings may aid in future research on the effectiveness of
different diets.
And the study likely means that nightly bowl of ice cream is out. "That is a
bad idea no matter what," he said.