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From: Jason Evans <jsevans@mailfence.com>
Subject: FAQ: Project Gemini
Date: Tue, 26 Oct 2021 19:37:07 -0000 (UTC)
Message-ID: <sl9ld3$hbd$1@theuse.news.theuse.net>
Project Gemini FAQ Last updated: 2021-02-28
1. Overview 1.1 What is Gemini? Gemini is a new application-level internet
protocol for the distribution of arbitrary files, with some special
consideration for serving a lightweight hypertext format which facilitates
linking between files. You may think of Gemini as "the web, stripped right
back to its essence" or as "Gopher, souped up and modernised just a little",
depending upon your perspective (the latter view is probably more accurate).
Gemini may be of interest to people who are:
Opposed to the web's ubiquitous tracking of users Tired of nagging pop-ups,
obnoxious adverts, autoplaying videos and other misfeatures of the modern web
Interested in low-power computing and/or low-speed networks, either by choice
or necessity Gemini is intended to be simple, but not necessarily as simple as
possible. Instead, the design strives to maximise its "power to weight ratio",
while keeping its weight within acceptable limits. Gemini is also intended to
be very privacy conscious, to be difficult to extend in the future (so that it
will *stay* simple and privacy conscious), and to be compatible with a "do it
yourself" computing ethos. For this last reason, Gemini is technically very
familiar and conservative: it's a protocol in the traditional client-server
request-response paradigm, and is built on mature, standardised technology
like URIs, MIME media types, and TLS.
1.2 How old is Gemini? Project Gemini started in June 2019. While the protocol
itself is largely finalised, the available software, resources and community
are still in a relatively early (though thriving!) state of development.
1.3 Who is in charge of Gemini? Project Gemini was originally started by
Solderpunk <solderpunk _at_ posteo _dot_ net>, who remains the "Benevolent
Dictator" of the project. However, the protocol has been designed in
collaboration with a loose and informal community of many interested parties
via emails, posts in Gopher's "phlogosphere" and toots in the Fediverse. Many
people have shaped significant parts of the protocol, so despite having a
single leader, Gemini should not be thought of as the work of a single person.
In February 2021, long time Gemini contributor Sean Conner was granted some
decision making authority to help finalise the Gemini specification during a
time when Solderpunk was unable to dedicate the necessary time and energy to
the project.
1.4 How large is "Geminispace"? It's difficult to know exactly. Counting
unique hostnames of Gemini servers is likely to exaggerate the size of the
space, since some multi-user sites give each user their own subdomain. On the
other hand, counting unique IP addresses is likely to underestimate the size,
as Gemini allows multiple different domains to be served from the same IP. At
any rate, as of early 2021 there were about 200,000 known Gemini URLs, spread
across about 750 "capsules" (the Gemini community's term for "sites"), 500
domains and 600 IP addresses. The space is growing rapidly, though. You can
find the latest statistics as the link below.
Geminispace statistics provided by Stéphane Bortzmeyer's "Lupa" crawler
1.5 What stage of its lifecycle is the project in? The current (informal)
specification of the protocol is largely frozen, modulo small changes to
remove ambiguity and address edge cases. Suggestions for new features will not
be considered, as the protocol is considered feature complete. Going forward,
the main focus of the project now is on growing the community around the
protocol, as well as working on translating the existing specification into a
more precise and formal version which might be considered for submission to
internet standards bodies such as IETF and IANA.
1.6 Do you really think you can replace the web? Not for a minute! Nor does
anybody involved with Gemini want to destroy Gopherspace. Gemini is not
intended to replace either Gopher or the web, but to co-exist peacefully
alongside them as one more option which people can freely choose to use if it
suits them. In the same way that some people currently serve the same content
via gopher and the web, people will be able to "bihost" or "trihost" content
on whichever combination of protocols they think offer the best match to their
technical, philosophical and aesthetic requirements and those of their
intended audience.
1.7 What's with the name? It's a reference to the pre-shuttle era of US manned
spaceflight, which consisted of three projects. The first was Project Mercury,
which was a fairly minimalist "proof of concept" and part of the race to put a
human in space soonest (which the Soviet Union won with their Vostok project).
Mercury was a one-man capsule with no ability to adjust to its own orbit after
launch and only one Mercury flight lasted longer than a single day. The last
was Project Apollo, which was large, heavy, complicated and expensive but
could, of course, fly three men to the moon and back.
Less well known to the modern public, Project Gemini was the "middle child": a
two person capsule which could rendezvous and dock with other craft in orbit,
could be depressurised and repressurised in orbit to facilitate spacewalks,
and whose longest flight was almost two weeks - longer than any Apollo
mission! In terms of size, weight and cost Gemini was much closer to Mercury
than to Apollo, but in terms of capabilities it was the other way around -
there were even plans (which never eventuated) to do circumlunar Gemini
flights!
Hopefully the analogy is obvious: Gopher is akin to Mercury, and the web is
akin to Apollo. Gemini hopes to sit between the two, doing more with less.
Gemini very deliberately didn't receive a name which had *anything* to do with
gophers, or other rodents, or even other animals. During the earliest
phlog-based discussions which eventually grew into Project Gemini, a lack of
careful writing meant it was sometimes unclear whether people were talking
about replacing Gopher outright, or adding unofficial, compatibility-breaking
upgrades into existing Gopher clients and servers. When idle discussion turned
into an actual project, it seemed wise to send a clearer message.
1.8 Where can I learn more? The official home of Project Gemini is the
gemini.circumlunar.space server. It serves the latest version of this FAQ
document, as well the protocol specification, recommended best practices and
other official documentation via Gemini, Gopher and HTTPS, on IPv4 and IPv6.
Official discussion regarding Gemini happens on a mailing list:
Subscribe to the list and view archives via the web
View list archives via Gemini
Anybody who is running a Gemini server or implementing a Gemini client or
server software is strongly encouraged to subscribe to the list.
Casual discussion regarding Gemini also happens in the #gemini channel on the
tilde.chat IRC server:
View IRC logs via Gemini
2. Protocol design 2.1 What are the design criteria for Gemini? The following
criteria were informally put in place at the beginning of the project. It's
debatable how closely some of these goals have been met, but in general Gemini
is still quite close to this target.
2.1.1 Simplicity In particular, Gemini strives for simplicity of client
implementation. Modern web browsers are so complicated that they can only be
developed by very large and expensive projects. This naturally leads to a very
small number of near-monopoly browsers, which stifles innovation and diversity
and allows the developers of these browsers to dictate the direction in which
the web evolves.
Gemini aims to be simple, but not *too* simple. Gopher is simpler at a
protocol level, but as a consequence the client is eternally uncertain: what
character encoding is this text in? Is this text the intended content or an
error message from the server? What kind of file is this binary data? Because
of this, a robust Gopher client is made *less* simple by needing to infer or
guess missing information.
Early Gemini discussion included three clear goals with regard to simplicity:
It should be possible for somebody who had no part in designing the protocol
to accurately hold the entire protocol spec in their head after reading a
well-written description of it once or twice. A basic but usable (not
ultra-spartan) client should fit comfortably within 50 or so lines of code in
a modern high-level language. Certainly not more than 100. A client
comfortable for daily use which implements every single protocol feature
should be a feasible weekend programming project for a single developer. It's
debatable to what extent these goals have been met. Experiments suggest that a
very basic interactive client takes more like a minimum of 100 lines of code,
and a comfortable fit and moderate feature completeness need more like 200
lines. But Gemini still seems to be in the ballpark of these goals.
2.1.2 Privacy Gemini is designed with an acute awareness that the modern web
is a privacy disaster, and that the internet is not a safe place for
plaintext. Things like browser fingerprinting and Etag-based "supercookies"
are an important cautionary tale: user tracking can and will be snuck in via
the backdoor using protocol features which were not designed to facilitate it.
Thus, protocol designers must not only avoid designing in tracking features
(which is easy), but also assume active malicious intent and avoid designing
anything which could be subverted to provide effective tracking. This concern
manifests as a deliberate non-extensibility in many parts of the Gemini
protocol.
2.1.3 Generality The "first class" application of Gemini is human consumption
of predominantly written material - to facilitate something like gopherspace,
or like "reasonable webspace" (e.g. something which is comfortably usable in
Lynx or Dillo). But, just like HTTP can be, and is, used for much, much more
than serving HTML, Gemini should be able to be used for as many other purposes
as possible without compromising the simplicity and privacy criteria above.
This means taking into account possible applications built around non-text
files and non-human clients.
2.2 Which shortcomings of Gopher does Gemini overcome? Gemini allows for:
Unambiguous use of arbitrary non-ASCII character sets. Identifying binary
content using MIME types instead of a small set of badly outdated item types.
Clearly distinguishing successful transactions from failed ones. Linking to
resources served over other protocols via simple URLs, without ugly hacks.
Redirects to prevent broken links when content moves or is rearranged.
Domain-based virtual hosting. Text in Gemini documents is wrapped by the
client to fit the device's viewport, rather than being "hard wrapped" at ~80
characters with newline characters. This means content displays equally well
on phones, tablets, laptops and desktops.
Gemini does away with Gopher's strict directory / text dichotomy and lets you
insert links in prose.
Gemini mandates the use of TLS encryption.
2.3 Is Gopher's directory / text dichotomy *really* a shortcoming? Modern
usage habits in the phlogosphere would seem to suggest that many people think
it is. An increasing number of users are serving content which is almost
entirely text as item type 1, so that they can insert a relatively small
number of "in line" links to other gopher content, providing some semblance of
HTML's hyperlinking - a perfectly reasonable and inoffensive thing to want to
do. Without taking this approach, the best Gopher content authors can do is to
paste a list of URLs at the bottom of their document, for their readers to
manually copy and paste into their client. This is not exactly a pleasant user
experience. But forcing hyperlinks into Gopher this way isn't just an abuse of
the semantics of the Gopher protocol, it's also a surprisingly inefficient way
to serve text, because every single line has to have an item type of i and a
phony selector, hostname and port transmitted along with it to make a valid
Gopher menu. Any and all claims to simplicity and beauty which Gopher might
have are destroyed by this. Gemini takes the simple approach of letting people
insert as many or as few links as they like into their text content, with
extremely low overhead, but retains the one-link-per-line limitation of Gopher
which results in clean, list-like organisation of content. It's hard to see
this as anything other than an improvement.
Of course, if you really like the Gopher way, nothing in Gemini stops you from
duplicating it. You can serve item type 0 content with a MIME type of
text/plain, and you can write text/gemini documents where every single line is
a link line, replicating the look and feel of a RFC1436-fearing Gopher menu
without that pesky non-standard i item type.
2.4 Which shortcomings of the web does Gemini overcome? Gemini contains no
equivalent of User-Agent or Referer headers, and the request format is not
extensible so that these cannot be shoehorned in later. In fact, Gemini
requests contain nothing other than the URL of the resource being requested.
This goes a very long way to preventing user tracking.
The "native content type" of Gemini (analogous to HTML for HTTP(S) or plain
text for Gopher) never requires additional network transactions (there are no
in-line images, external stylesheets, fonts or scripts, no iframes, etc.).
This allows for quick browsing even on slow connections and for full awareness
of and control over which hosts connections are made to.
The native content type of Gemini is strictly a document, with no facility for
scripting, allowing for easy browsing even on old computers with limited
processor speed or memory.
2.5 Why not just use a subset of HTTP and HTML? Many people are confused as to
why it's worth creating a new protocol to address perceived problems with
optional, non-essential features of the web. Just because websites *can* track
users and run CPU-hogging Javsacript and pull in useless multi-megabyte header
images or even larger autoplaying videos, doesn't mean they *have* to. Why not
just build non-evil websites using the existing technology?
Of course, this is possible. "The Gemini experience" is roughly equivalent to
HTTP where the only request header is "Host" and the only response header is
"Content-type" and HTML where the only tags are <p>, <pre>, <a>, <h1> through
<h3>, <ul> and <li> and <blockquote> - and the
https://gemini.circumlunar.space website offers pretty much this experience.
We know it can be done.
The problem is that deciding upon a strictly limited subset of HTTP and HTML,
slapping a label on it and calling it a day would do almost nothing to create
a clearly demarcated space where people can go to consume *only* that kind of
content in *only* that kind of way. It's impossible to know in advance whether
what's on the other side of a https:// URL will be within the subset or
outside it. It's very tedious to verify that a website claiming to use only
the subset actually does, as many of the features we want to avoid are
invisible (but not harmless!) to the user. It's difficult or even impossible
to deactivate support for all the unwanted features in mainstream browsers, so
if somebody breaks the rules you'll pay the consequences. Writing a dumbed
down web browser which gracefully ignores all the unwanted features is much
harder than writing a Gemini client from scratch. Even if you did it, you'd
have a very difficult time discovering the minuscule fraction of websites it
could render.
Alternative, simple-by-design protocols like Gopher and Gemini create
alternative, simple-by-design spaces with obvious boundaries and hard
restrictions. You know for sure when you enter Geminispace, and you can know
for sure and in advance when following a certain link will cause you leave it.
While you're there, you know for sure and in advance that everybody else there
is playing by the same rules. You can relax and get on with your browsing, and
follow links to sites you've never heard of before, which just popped up
yesterday, and be confident that they won't try to track you or serve you
garbage because they *can't*. You can do all this with a client you wrote
yourself, so you *know* you can trust it. It's a very different, much more
liberating and much more empowering experience than trying to carve out a
tiny, invisible sub-sub-sub-sub-space of the web.
2.6 Does Gemini have any shortcomings of it's own? Naturally!
Gemini has no support for caching, compression, or resumption of interrupted
downloads. As such, it's not very well suited to distributing large files, for
values of "large" which depend upon the speed and reliability of your network
connection.
2.7 How can you say Gemini is simple if it uses TLS? Some people are upset
that the TLS requirement means they need to use a TLS library to write Gemini
code, whereas e.g. Gopher allows them full control by writing everything from
scratch themselves.
Of course, even a "from scratch" Gopher client actually depends crucially on
thousands of lines of complicated code written by other people in order to
provide a functioning IP stack, DNS resolver and filesystem. Using a TLS
library to provide a trustworthy implementation of cryptography is little
different.
Gemini also turns TLS client certificates - very rarely seen on the web - into
a first-class citizen with in-band signalling of their requirement. This
allows restricting access to Gemini resources to certain parties, or
voluntarily establishing "sessions" with server-side applications, without
having to pass around cookies, passwords, authentication tokens or anything
else you may be used to. It's much closer to SSH's notion of "authorized keys"
and is, in fact, a much simpler approach to user authentication.
2.8 Why use TLS for crypto instead of something more modern like the Noise
protocol? TLS is certainly not without its shortcomings, but:
There are bindings to TLS libraries available for almost every programming
language under the sun Many developers are already at least partially familiar
with TLS and therefore don't need to learn anything new to implement Gemini
Most users are already trusting TLS to secure their web browsing and email,
and therefore don't need to decide whether or not they want to trust some
unfamiliar technology to start using Gemini TLS is a deeply entrenched
industry standard, whose definition and implementations will both continue to
be scrutinised and improved by security experts for the foreseeable future,
and that work will happen for reasons entirely unrelated to Gemini - it makes
a lot of sense for a small project to "freeride" like this. 2.9 Why didn't you
just use Markdown instead of defining text/gemini? The text/gemini markup
borrows heavily from Markdown, which might prompt some people to wonder "Why
not just use Markdown as the default media type for Gemini? Sure, it's
complicated to implement, but like TLS there are plenty of libraries available
in all the major languages". Reasons not to go down this route include:
There are actually many subtly different and incompatible variants of Markdown
in existence, so unlike TLS all the different libraries are not guaranteed to
behave similarly. The vast majority of Markdown libraries don't actually do
anything more than convert Markdown to HTML, which for a Gemini client is a
needless intermediary format which is heavier than the original! Many Markdown
variants permit features which were not wanted for Gemini, e.g. inline images.
A desire to preserve Gopher's requirement of "one link per line" on the
grounds that it encourages extremely clear site designs. Of course, it is
possible to serve Markdown over Gemini. The inclusion of a text/markdown Media
type in the response header will allow more advanced clients to support it.
2.10 Why doesn't text/gemini have support for in-line links? Because
text/gemini is an entirely new format defined from scratch for Gemini, client
authors will typically need to write their own code to parse and render the
format from scratch, without being able to rely on a pre-existing, well-tested
library implementation. Therefore, it is important that the format is
extremely simple to handle correctly. The line-based format where text lines
and link lines are separate concepts achieves this. There is no need for
clients to scan each line character-by-character, testing for the presence of
some special link syntax. Even the simplest special link syntax introduces the
possibility of malformed syntax which clients would need to be robust against,
and has edge cases whose handling would either need to be explicitly addressed
in the protocol specification (leading to a longer, more tedious specification
which was less fun to read and harder to hold in your head), or left undefined
(leading to inconsistent behaviour across different clients). Even though
in-line links may be a more natural fit for some kinds of content, they're
just not worth the increased complexity and fragility they would inevitably
introduce to the protocol.
It's true that you need to shift your thinking a bit to get used to the one
link per line writing style, but it gets easier over time. There are benefits
to the style as well. It encourages including only the most important or
relevant links, organising links into related lists, and giving each link a
maximally descriptive label without having to worry about whether or not that
label fits naturally into the flow of your main text.
2.11 Why doesn't text/gemini have support for styling? Some people have
expressed a desire for something similar to CSS in Gemini. While it's true
that something much simpler and lighter than CSS could easily be designed,
Gemini instead takes the position that visual styling of Gemini content should
be under the sole and direct control of the reader, not the writer. Not
everybody has the same taste in colours and fonts, and no single way of
styling a page will be optimal for all readers, all devices and all lighting
conditions. There is much more at stake here than the age old divide in
preferene for dark text on a light background or vice versa. People with
reading disabilities like dyslexia may benefit tremendously from using
specially designed fonts, for example. A simple "one size fits all" styling
system where content looks the same everywhere is guaranteed to perform poorly
for a lot of people. A more complicated styling system which can specify
different looks for different devices and contexts burdens every individual
author with the task of making sure their capsule is usable everywhere.
Experience from the web suggests that accessibility issues will often be an
afterthought at best. It's much simpler, and in fact much more liberating for
content authors, to let content just be content, and leave styling to the
client. Some Gemini clients might look dull and boring, but there's no reason
this has to be the case. If there is demand for clients with high quality font
rendering and beautiful typography, such clients will eventually be developed
- and when they are, users who value those things can enjoy that reading
experience everywhere in Geminispace, even when reading content written by
authors who don't care about styling at all.
2.12 Why isn't there an equivalent of the HTTP Content-length header?
Non-extensibility of the protocol was a major design principle for Gemini.
Things like cookies, Etags and other tracking tools were not present in the
original design of HTTP, but could be seamlessly added later because the HTTP
response format is open-ended and allows the easy inclusion of new headers. To
minimise the risk of Gemini slowly mutating into something more web-like, it
was decided to include one and exactly one piece of information in the
response header for successful requests. Including two pieces of information
with a specified delimiter would provide a very obvious path for later adding
a third piece - just use the same delimiter again. There is basically no
stable position between one piece of information and arbitrarily many pieces
of information, so Gemini sticks hard to the former option, even if it means
having to sacrifice some nice and seemingly harmless functionality. Given this
restriction, including only an equivalent of Content-type seemed clearly more
useful than including only an equivalent of Content-length. The same is true
for other harmless and useful HTTP headers, like Last-Modified.
Gopher also has no equivalent of the Content-length header, and this has not
proven to be a practical obstacle in Gopherspace.
Even without this header, it is possible (unlike in Gopher) for clients to
distinguish between a Gemini transaction which has completed successfully and
one which has dropped out mid-transfer due to a network fault or malicious
attack via the presence or absence of a TLS Shutdown message.
It is true that the inability for clients to tell users how much more of a
large file still has to be downloaded and to estimate how long this may take
means Gemini cannot provide a very user-friendly experience for large file
downloads. However, this would be the case even if Content-length were
specified, as such an experience would also require other complications to be
added to the protocol e.g. the ability to resume interrupted downloads. Gemini
documents can of course straightforwardly link to resources hosted via HTTPS,
BitTorrent, IPFS, DAT, etc. and this may be the best option for very large
files.
2.13 Why isn't a protocol version number included with requests or responses?
This would only be useful if there were plans to smoothly upgrade to a "Gemini
2.0" in the future - and there aren't! Gemini is a "less is more" reaction
against web browsers and servers becoming too complicated and too powerful. It
makes no sense to plan to add more functionality to Gemini later. Instead the
plan is to "get it right the first time", as much as possible, then freeze the
protocol specification forever after, without upgrades, enhancements or
extensions.
This may seem radical or unwise, but we're cautiously optimistic. The Gopher
specification has not been changed in about 30 years, and only a very small
number of quite minor unofficial changes to that spec are in common use in
today's Gopherspace, which is actually growing in popularity. Gemini combines
mature, ubiquitous internet primitives like URIs, MIME media types and TLS in
a very straightforward way, and seeks to foster a culture of working within -
and even embracing - carefully chosen limitations, rather than removing each
constraint as it is encountered to make anything possible. There are plenty of
things that Gemini is useful for and good at right now, and there is no reason
to think it won't be useful for and good at those same things decades from
now.
2.14 Why don't you care about retrocomputing support? Gopher is so simple that
computers from the 80s or 90s can easily implement the protocol, and for some
people this is one of the great virtues of Gopher. The TLS requirement of
Gemini limits it to more modern machines.
Old machines are awesome, and keeping them running, online and useful for as
long as possible is an awesome thing to do. But it also makes no sense for the
vast majority of internet users to sacrifice any and all privacy protection to
facilitate this. Remember, though, that Gemini does not aim to replace Gopher,
so the retro-compatible internet is not directly endangered by it. In fact,
people serving content via Gopher right now are strongly encouraged to start
also serving that same content via Gemini simultaneously. Retrocomputing fans
can continue to access the content via Gopher, while modern computer users who
wish to can switch to Gemini and reap some benefits.
3. Getting started in Geminispace 3.1 I'm curious about Geminispace, how can I
check it out? The lowest commitment way to explore Geminispace is to use a web
proxy or "portal", such as one of the following:
The mozz.us Gemini portal
The vulpes.one Gemini portal
This will allow you to use your regular web browser to explore Geminispace. If
you like what you see, you might want to consider installing a dedicated
Gemini client, which will typically offer a better and more complete browsing
experience. You can find a list of clients (and other software) at the link
below. There are even clients available for mobile platforms like Android and
iOS!
Gemini software list
If you have an ssh client installed, you can try some terminal clients out
without installing them by running:
ssh kiosk@gemini.circumlunar.space This Gemini kiosk was inspired by the
Gopher kiosk at bitreich.org!
3.2 Okay, I've got a client, where can I find content? For now, Geminispace is
still small enough that it's feasible to use directories as a way to discover
what is out there. Some of these are listed below:
The medusae.space Gemini directory has a list of capsules divided into
thematic categories
The geminispace.info search engine's list of known Gemini hosts
A historic list of the first 50 Gemini servers
If you are looking for something in particular, Gemini has one search engine:
geminispace.info, the Gemini search engine
There are two public aggregators which attempt to make it easier to find
recently-updated material in Geminispace:
CAPCOM, which aggregates Atom feeds of Gemini content
Spacewalk, which uses change-detection to find new content
3.3 How can I put some content of my own in Geminspace? One option is to set
up your own Gemini server on a VPS or a computer in your home (small SBCs like
the RaspberryPi are perfectly capable of acting as Gemini servers). There is a
wide range of server software available to choose from:
Gemini software list
Alternatively, you can find somewhere else to host your content for you.
Gemini hosting is also available from the following providers:
idf.looting.uk
SourceHut (including support for custom domains!)
A number of "pubnix" or "tilde" communities (multi-user unix systems where
users interact with one another by sshing in and using local email, chat and
BBS applications) also offer Gemini hosting (typically alongside web and/or
Gopher hosting). You may be able to get an account of one of the communities
listed below. Please note that most of these communities are older than Gemini
itself, and may be focussed on other services, or may be specific to a
particular theme or interest. Research your choices carefully and join
somewhere you think you might fit in well overall, rather than just treating
these amazing little worlds as free space to dump your stuff.
Ctrl-C.club
envs.net
Tanelorn City, a writer-focussed server
tilde.pink
Raw Text Club, aka RTC
Breadpunk.club, a baking-themed server
If you belong to a pubnix community which doesn't offer Gemini hosting, it
can't hurt to ask the admin(s) if they are interested in adding this service!
If you do not feel comfortable with the technologies needed to make use of
pubnix hosting (ssh or sftp, terminal text editors, unix file permissions,
etc) you can get free accounts at the services below which will allow you to
maintain a capsule via a web application:
Gemlog Blue, featuring an ultralight interface with no cookies or Javascript
Flounder, where your content will be available via Gemini and the web
simultaneously
3.4 I set up my own Gemini server, is there anything I should do? Please
consider joining the mailing list (see question 1.3) so that you can announce
your new server to the community, and keep up to date with e.g. updates to
your server software or to the Gemini protocol itself.
You can submit your server's URL to the geminispace.info search engine so that
it gets crawled, via the link below:
Submit a URL to geminispace.info
4. Contributing to the Gemini project 4.1 I like the sound of the Gemini
project, how can I help? Gemini already has a surprising number of client and
server implementations in existence - which isn't to say more aren't welcome,
but the real shortage right now is not of software but of content. The more
interesting and exciting stuff people find in Geminispace, the more likely
they are to want to add content of their own. So, the greatest contribution
you can make to the project is to be a part of this process. See question 3.3
above for details on how to get your content into Geminispace.
If you have the necessary technical skills, you can make a major contribution
to the growth of Geminispace by providing a hosting service which people can
use to publish content. This can be as simple as setting up sftp-only user
accounts on a VPS. Offering hosting doesn't necessarily need to be a big
committment. You can use the cheapest VPS services on offer to very
comfortably host a dozen or so users. A large number of hosts each serving the
content of a relatively small number of users is a much more robust and
sustainable ecosystem than a small number of servers each hosting hundreds or
thousands of users!
If you really want to write some software, a powerful tool for expanding
Geminispace could be a single piece of software which simultaneously provides
a Gemini server and a way for multiple users to easily manage the content
provided by said server, e.g. via an interactive web interface or by sending
emails full of content; Something like the Gemlog Blue and Flounder services
(see question 3.3 again), but packaged up and documented in such a way that
it's easy for people to deploy and customise their own multiuser sites, much
like e.g. a Mastodon instance.
You can also help the project by contributing corrections and additions to or
translations of the official site and documentation (see questions 4.2 and 4.3
below).
4.2 How do I contribute to the official Gemini site and documentation? All the
documentation hosted at gemini.circumlunar.space, including the FAQ you're
reading now, lives in a single git repository, which has read-only access open
to the public. You can clone the repo as follows:
git clone git://gemini.circumlunar.space/gemini-site Then, make your suggested
changes to the relevant files (the structure of the URLs mirrors the structure
of the repository exactly, so e.g.
gemini://gemini.circumlunar.space/docs/faq.gmi lives at docs/faq.gmi in the
repo). Commit your changes with meaningful commit messages (make sure to set
your name and email address so people can see who did your work!), with one
commit per conceptual change. You then have two options to send your work
upstream.
If you have git's send-email command configured (see below for a link to a
tutorial), you can email patches containing your commits to <solderpunk _at_
posteo _dot_ net> with a single command. Otherwise, you can simply run:
git format-patch origin to create a set of patch files, which you can manually
attach to an email using your ordinary mail client of choice.
A friendly tutorial on configuring git send-email
4.3 I'd like to translate some Gemini documentation into my native language,
how can I do that? Thank you! Volunteering to translate documentation is a
wonderful way to help the project.
To do so, first clone the git repository as described in question 4.2 above.
Change into the `doc` directory of the repository, and create a new
subdirectory with your language's two letter ISO 639-1 code, e.g. Finnish
translations should live in `doc/fi/`, Japanese translations in `doc/jp/`,
etc. You can find a complete list of codes at Wikipedia, linked below. If you
are translating into a region-specific variant of a language, you can use
RFC4646-style codes instead, e.g. pt-PT or pt-BR for the Portuguese as spoken
in Portugal or Brazil, respectively.
List of language codes at Wikipedia
For each English file which lives in `doc` which you want to translate, create
a corresponding file in your language's subdirectory. It's okay to change the
file name as part of the translation, e.g. the German translation of
`doc/specification.gmi` might be called `doc/spezifikation.gmi`. You can
translate as many or as few of the files in `doc` as you have time and energy
for. Don't be shy about submitting partial translations! Once somebody else
who speaks your language sees your effort, they might provide some or all of
the remaining work. Having some content translated is better than none.
Once you're done, copy across the `doc/index.gmi` file and modify it to match
your translated filenames and document titles, and remove links for any of the
original documents which you haven't translated yet.
Finally, update `doc/translations.gmi` to include a link to your new
subdirectory.
Commit your translations to the repository and send Solderpunk the patch as
described in question 4.2 above.
Proxied content from gemini://gemini.circumlunar.space/docs/faq.gmi
Children:
Initial thoughts (by Winston <wbe@UBEBLOCK.psr.com.invalid> on Tue, 26 Oct 2021 19:32:55 -0400)