💾 Archived View for gemini.susa.net › Vim › Vim_Cheat_Sheet.gmi captured on 2023-04-26 at 13:29:15. Gemini links have been rewritten to link to archived content
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* :h[elp] keyword - open help for keyword
* :sav[eas] file - save file as
* :clo[se] - close current pane
* :ter[minal] - open a terminal window
* K - open man page for word under the cursor
Tip Run vimtutor in a terminal to learn the first Vim commands.
* :version - show the version, build flags, and rc-file search locations.
* :scriptnames - list loaded scripts, in the order they were loaded.
* :commands - list custom commands
* :map, :nmap, :nnoremap, etc. - view defined key mappings.
* :abbreviate - list defined abbreviations for i_Ctrl-] expansion.
* h - move cursor left
* j - move cursor down
* k - move cursor up
* l - move cursor right
* H - move to top of screen
* M - move to middle of screen
* L - move to bottom of screen
* w - jump forwards to the start of a word
* W - jump forwards to the start of a word (words can contain punctuation)
* e - jump forwards to the end of a word
* E - jump forwards to the end of a word (words can contain punctuation)
* b - jump backwards to the start of a word
* B - jump backwards to the start of a word (words can contain punctuation)
* % - move to matching character (default supported pairs: '()', '{}', '[]' - use :h matchpairs in vim for more info)
* 0 - jump to the start of the line
* ^ - jump to the first non-blank character of the line
* $ - jump to the end of the line
* g_ - jump to the last non-blank character of the line
* gg - go to the first line of the document
* G - go to the last line of the document
* 5gg or 5G - go to line 5
* fx - jump to next occurrence of character x
* tx - jump to before next occurrence of character x
* Fx - jump to previous occurence of character x
* Tx - jump to after previous occurence of character x
* ; - repeat previous f, t, F or T movement
* , - repeat previous f, t, F or T movement, backwards
* } - jump to next paragraph (or function/block, when editing code)
* { - jump to previous paragraph (or function/block, when editing code)
* zz - center cursor on screen
* Ctrl + e - move screen down one line (without moving cursor)
* Ctrl + y - move screen up one line (without moving cursor)
* Ctrl + b - move back one full screen
* Ctrl + f - move forward one full screen
* Ctrl + d - move forward 1/2 a screen
* Ctrl + u - move back 1/2 a screen
Tip Prefix a cursor movement command with a number to repeat it. For example, 4j moves down 4 lines.
* i - insert before the cursor
* I - insert at the beginning of the line
* a - insert (append) after the cursor
* A - insert (append) at the end of the line
* o - append (open) a new line below the current line
* O - append (open) a new line above the current line
* ea - insert (append) at the end of the word
* Ctrl + h - delete the character before the cursor during insert mode
* Ctrl + w - delete word before the cursor during insert mode
* Ctrl + j - begin new line during insert mode
* Ctrl + t - indent (move right) line one shiftwidth during insert mode
* Ctrl + d - de-indent (move left) line one shiftwidth during insert mode
* Ctrl + n - insert (auto-complete) next match before the cursor during insert mode
* Ctrl + p - insert (auto-complete) previous match before the cursor during insert mode
* Esc - exit insert mode
* Q - enter Ex mode in Vim. Enter 'visual' to revert back to Vim.
* Ctrl + V - the next character should be entered as a literal
* Crtl + J - newline (c-v c-j inserts literal newline ^@)
* See man page http://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/precise/man1/ex.1posix.html
* r - replace a single character
* J - join line below to the current one with one space in between
* gJ - join line below to the current one without space in between
* gwip - reflow paragraph
* g~ - switch case up to motion
* gu - change to lowercase up to motion
* gU - change to uppercase up to motion
* cc - change (replace) entire line
* C - change (replace) to the end of the line
* c$ - change (replace) to the end of the line
* ciw - change (replace) entire word
* cw - change (replace) to the end of the word
* s - delete character and substitute text
* S - delete line and substitute text (same as cc)
* xp - transpose two letters (delete and paste)
* u - undo
* U - restore (undo) last changed line
* Ctrl + r - redo
* . - repeat last command
* v - start visual mode, mark lines, then do a command (like y-yank)
* V - start linewise visual mode
* o - move to other end of marked area
* Ctrl + v - start visual block mode
* O - move to other corner of block
* aw - mark a word
* ab - a block with ()
* aB - a block with {}
* at - a block with <> tags
* ib - inner block with ()
* iB - inner block with {}
* it - inner block with <> tags
* Esc - exit visual mode
Tip Instead of b or B one can also use ( or { respectively.
* > - shift text right
* < - shift text left
* y - yank (copy) marked text
* d - delete marked text
* ~ - switch case
* u - change marked text to lowercase
* U - change marked text to uppercase
* :reg[isters] - show registers content
* "xy - yank into register x
* "xp - paste contents of register x
* "+y - yank into the system clipboard register
* "+p - paste from the system clipboard register
Tip Registers are being stored in ~/.viminfo, and will be loaded again on next restart of vim.
Tip Special registers:
0 - last yank
" - unnamed register, last delete or yank
% - current file name
# - alternate file name
* - clipboard contents (X11 primary)
+ - clipboard contents (X11 clipboard)
/ - last search pattern
: - last command-line
. - last inserted text
- - last small (less than a line) delete
= - expression register
_ - black hole register
* :marks - list of marks
* ma - set current position for mark A
* `a - jump to position of mark A
* y`a - yank text to position of mark A
* `0 - go to the position where Vim was previously exited
* `" - go to the position when last editing this file
* `. - go to the position of the last change in this file
* `` - go to the position before the last jump
* :ju[mps] - list of jumps
* Ctrl + i - go to newer position in jump list
* Ctrl + o - go to older position in jump list
* :changes - list of changes
* g, - go to newer position in change list
* g; - go to older position in change list
* Ctrl + ] - jump to the tag under cursor
Tip To jump to a mark you can either use a backtick (`) or an apostrophe ('). Using an apostrophe jumps to the beginning (first non-black) of the line holding the mark.
* qa - record macro a
* q - stop recording macro
* @a - run macro a
* @@ - rerun last run macro
* yy - yank (copy) a line
* 2yy - yank (copy) 2 lines
* yw - yank (copy) the characters of the word from the cursor position to the start of the next word
* y$ - yank (copy) to end of line
* p - put (paste) the clipboard after cursor
* P - put (paste) before cursor
* dd - delete (cut) a line
* 2dd - delete (cut) 2 lines
* dw - delete (cut) the characters of the word from the cursor position to the start of the next word
* D - delete (cut) to the end of the line
* d$ - delete (cut) to the end of the line
* x - delete (cut) character
* >> - indent (move right) line one shiftwidth
* << - de-indent (move left) line one shiftwidth
* >% - indent a block with () or {} (cursor on brace)
* >ib - indent inner block with ()
* >at - indent a block with <> tags
* 3== - re-indent 3 lines
* =% - re-indent a block with () or {} (cursor on brace)
* =iB - re-indent inner block with {}
* gg=G - re-indent entire buffer
* ]p - paste and adjust indent to current line
* :w - write (save) the file, but don't exit
* :w !sudo tee % - write out the current file using sudo
* :wq or :x or ZZ - write (save) and quit
* :q - quit (fails if there are unsaved changes)
* :q! or ZQ - quit and throw away unsaved changes
* :wqa - write (save) and quit on all tabs
* /pattern - search for pattern
* ?pattern - search backward for pattern
* \vpattern - 'very magic' pattern: non-alphanumeric characters are interpreted as special regex symbols (no escaping needed)
* n - repeat search in same direction
* N - repeat search in opposite direction
* :%s/old/new/g - replace all old with new throughout file
* :%s/old/new/gc - replace all old with new throughout file with confirmations
* :noh[lsearch] - remove highlighting of search matches
* :vim[grep] /pattern/ {`{file}`} - search for pattern in multiple files
e.g. :vim[grep] /foo/ **/*
* :cn[ext] - jump to the next match
* :cp[revious] - jump to the previous match
* :cope[n] - open a window containing the list of matches
* :ccl[ose] - close the quickfix window
* :tabnew or :tabnew {page.words.file} - open a file in a new tab
* Ctrl + wT - move the current split window into its own tab
* gt or :tabn[ext] - move to the next tab
* gT or :tabp[revious] - move to the previous tab
* #gt - move to tab number #
* :tabm[ove] # - move current tab to the #th position (indexed from 0)
* :tabc[lose] - close the current tab and all its windows
* :tabo[nly] - close all tabs except for the current one
* :tabdo command - run the command on all tabs (e.g. :tabdo q - closes all opened tabs)