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Abstract Base Classes (ABCs) for numbers, according to PEP 3141. TODO: Fill out more detailed documentation on the operators.
Metaclass for defining Abstract Base Classes (ABCs).
Use this metaclass to create an ABC. An ABC can be subclassed
directly, and then acts as a mix-in class. You can also register
unrelated concrete classes (even built-in classes) and unrelated
ABCs as 'virtual subclasses' -- these and their descendants will
be considered subclasses of the registering ABC by the built-in
issubclass() function, but the registering ABC won't show up in
their MRO (Method Resolution Order) nor will method
implementations defined by the registering ABC be callable (not
even via super()).
mro(self, /) Return a type's method resolution order.
register(cls, subclass)
Register a virtual subclass of an ABC.
Returns the subclass, to allow usage as a class decorator.
Complex defines the operations that work on the builtin complex type.
In short, those are: a conversion to complex, .real, .imag, +, -,
*, /, **, abs(), .conjugate, ==, and !=.
If it is given heterogeneous arguments, and doesn't have special
knowledge about them, it should fall back to the builtin complex
type as described below.
conjugate(self) (x+y*i).conjugate() returns (x-y*i).
imag = <property object at 0x7f75e13943b0>
Retrieve the imaginary component of this number.
This should subclass Real.
real = <property object at 0x7f75e1394360>
Retrieve the real component of this number.
This should subclass Real.
Integral adds methods that work on integral numbers.
In short, these are conversion to int, pow with modulus, and the
bit-string operations.
conjugate(self) Conjugate is a no-op for Reals.
denominator = <property object at 0x7f75e1394a90> Integers have a denominator of 1.
imag = <property object at 0x7f75e1394680> Real numbers have no imaginary component.
numerator = <property object at 0x7f75e1394a40> Integers are their own numerators.
real = <property object at 0x7f75e1394630> Real numbers are their real component.
All numbers inherit from this class.
If you just want to check if an argument x is a number, without
caring what kind, use isinstance(x, Number).
.numerator and .denominator should be in lowest terms.
conjugate(self) Conjugate is a no-op for Reals.
denominator = <property object at 0x7f75e1394950>
imag = <property object at 0x7f75e1394680> Real numbers have no imaginary component.
numerator = <property object at 0x7f75e1394900>
real = <property object at 0x7f75e1394630> Real numbers are their real component.
To Complex, Real adds the operations that work on real numbers.
In short, those are: a conversion to float, trunc(), divmod,
%, <, <=, >, and >=.
Real also provides defaults for the derived operations.
conjugate(self) Conjugate is a no-op for Reals.
imag = <property object at 0x7f75e1394680> Real numbers have no imaginary component.
real = <property object at 0x7f75e1394630> Real numbers are their real component.
abstractmethod(funcobj)
A decorator indicating abstract methods.
Requires that the metaclass is ABCMeta or derived from it. A
class that has a metaclass derived from ABCMeta cannot be
instantiated unless all of its abstract methods are overridden.
The abstract methods can be called using any of the normal
'super' call mechanisms. abstractmethod() may be used to declare
abstract methods for properties and descriptors.
Usage:
class C(metaclass=ABCMeta):
@abstractmethod
def my_abstract_method(self, ...):
...