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2010-08-18 05:28:41
By CARLA K. JOHNSON, AP Medical Writer Carla K. Johnson, Ap Medical Writer
Tue Aug 17, 9:31 pm ET
CHICAGO A stunning one in five teens has lost a little bit of hearing, and
the problem has increased substantially in recent years, a new national study
has found.
Some experts are urging teenagers to turn down the volume on their digital
music players, suggesting loud music through earbuds may be to blame although
hard evidence is lacking. They warn that slight hearing loss can cause problems
in school and set the stage for hearing aids in later life.
"Our hope is we can encourage people to be careful," said the study's senior
author, Dr. Gary Curhan of Harvard-affiliated Brigham and Women's Hospital in
Boston.
The researchers analyzed data on 12- to 19-year-olds from a nationwide health
survey. They compared hearing loss in nearly 3,000 kids tested from 1988-94 to
nearly 1,800 kids tested over 2005-06.
The prevalence of hearing loss increased from about 15 percent to 19.5 percent.
Most of the hearing loss was "slight," defined as inability to hear at 16 to 24
decibels or sounds such as a whisper or rustling leaves. A teenager with
slight hearing loss might not be able to hear water dripping or his mother
whispering "good night."
Extrapolating to the nation's teens, that would mean about 6.5 million with at
least slight hearing loss.
Those with slight hearing loss "will hear all of the vowel sounds clearly, but
might miss some of the consonant sounds" such as t, k and s, Curhan said.
"Although speech will be detectable, it might not be fully intelligible," he
said.
While the researchers didn't single out iPods or any other device for blame,
they found a significant increase in high-frequency hearing loss, which they
said may indicate that noise caused the problems. And they cited a 2010
Australian study that linked use of personal listening devices with a 70
percent increased risk of hearing loss in children.
"I think the evidence is out there that prolonged exposure to loud noise is
likely to be harmful to hearing, but that doesn't mean kids can't listen to MP3
players," Curhan said.
The study is based on data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination
Survey conducted by a branch of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
The findings appear in Wednesday's Journal of the American Medical Association.
Loud music isn't new, of course. Each new generation of teenagers has found a
new technology to blast music from the bulky headphones of the 1960s to the
handheld Sony Walkmans of the 1980s.
Today's young people are listening longer, more than twice as long as previous
generations, said Brian Fligor, an audiologist at Children's Hospital Boston.
The older technologies had limited battery life and limited music storage, he
said.
Apple iPod users can set their own volume limits. Parents can use the feature
to set a maximum volume on their child's iPod and lock it with a code.
One of Fligor's patients, 17-year-old Matthew Brady of Foxborough, Mass.,
recently was diagnosed with mild hearing loss. He has trouble hearing his
friends in the school cafeteria. He ends up faking comprehension.
"I laugh when they laugh," he said.
Fligor believes Brady's muffled hearing was caused by listening to an iPod
turned up too loud and for too long. After his mother had a heart attack,
Brady's pediatrician had advised him to exercise for his own health. So he
cranked up the volume on his favorites John Mellencamp, Daughtry, Bon Jovi
and U2 while walking on a treadmill at least four days a week for 30-minute
stretches.
One day last summer, he got off the treadmill and found he couldn't hear
anything with his left ear. His hearing gradually returned, but was never the
same.
Some young people turn their digital players up to levels that would exceed
federal workplace exposure limits, said Fligor. In Fligor's own study of about
200 New York college students, more than half listened to music at 85 decibels
or louder. That's about as loud as a hair dryer or a vacuum cleaner.
Habitual listening at those levels can turn microscopic hair cells in the inner
ear into scar tissue, Fligor said. Some people may be more predisposed to
damage than others; Fligor believes Brady is one of them.
These days, Brady still listens to his digital player, but at lower volumes.
"Do not blare your iPod," he said. "It's only going to hurt your hearing. I
learned this the hard way."