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GETGROUPLIST(3) Linux Programmer's Manual GETGROUPLIST(3)
NAME
getgrouplist - get list of groups to which a user belongs
SYNOPSIS
#include <grp.h>
int getgrouplist(const char *user, gid_t group,
gid_t *groups, int *ngroups);
Feature Test Macro Requirements for glibc (see feature_test_macros(7)):
getgrouplist():
Since glibc 2.19:
_DEFAULT_SOURCE
Glibc 2.19 and earlier:
_BSD_SOURCE
DESCRIPTION
The getgrouplist() function scans the group database (see group(5)) to obtain the list of groups that user belongs to. Up to *ngroups of these groups are re‐
turned in the array groups.
If it was not among the groups defined for user in the group database, then group is included in the list of groups returned by getgrouplist(); typically this
argument is specified as the group ID from the password record for user.
The ngroups argument is a value-result argument: on return it always contains the number of groups found for user, including group; this value may be greater
than the number of groups stored in groups.
RETURN VALUE
If the number of groups of which user is a member is less than or equal to *ngroups, then the value *ngroups is returned.
If the user is a member of more than *ngroups groups, then getgrouplist() returns -1. In this case, the value returned in *ngroups can be used to resize the
buffer passed to a further call getgrouplist().
VERSIONS
This function is present since glibc 2.2.4.
ATTRIBUTES
For an explanation of the terms used in this section, see attributes(7).
┌───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┬───────────────┬────────────────┐
│Interface │ Attribute │ Value │
├───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┼───────────────┼────────────────┤
│getgrouplist() │ Thread safety │ MT-Safe locale │
└───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┴───────────────┴────────────────┘
CONFORMING TO
This function is nonstandard; it appears on most BSDs.
BUGS
In glibc versions before 2.3.3, the implementation of this function contains a buffer-overrun bug: it returns the complete list of groups for user in the array
groups, even when the number of groups exceeds *ngroups.
EXAMPLES
The program below displays the group list for the user named in its first command-line argument. The second command-line argument specifies the ngroups value to
be supplied to getgrouplist(). The following shell session shows examples of the use of this program:
$ ./a.out cecilia 0
getgrouplist() returned -1; ngroups = 3
$ ./a.out cecilia 3
ngroups = 3
16 (dialout)
33 (video)
100 (users)
Program source
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <grp.h>
#include <pwd.h>
int
main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
int ngroups;
struct passwd *pw;
struct group *gr;
if (argc != 3) {
fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s <user> <ngroups>\n", argv[0]);
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
ngroups = atoi(argv[2]);
gid_t *groups = malloc(sizeof(*groups) * ngroups);
if (groups == NULL) {
perror("malloc");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
/* Fetch passwd structure (contains first group ID for user). */
pw = getpwnam(argv[1]);
if (pw == NULL) {
perror("getpwnam");
exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
}
/* Retrieve group list. */
if (getgrouplist(argv[1], pw->pw_gid, groups, &ngroups) == -1) {
fprintf(stderr, "getgrouplist() returned -1; ngroups = %d\n",
ngroups);
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
/* Display list of retrieved groups, along with group names. */
fprintf(stderr, "ngroups = %d\n", ngroups);
for (int j = 0; j < ngroups; j++) {
printf("%d", groups[j]);
gr = getgrgid(groups[j]);
if (gr != NULL)
printf(" (%s)", gr->gr_name);
printf("\n");
}
exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
}
SEE ALSO
getgroups(2), setgroups(2), getgrent(3), group_member(3), group(5), passwd(5)
GNU 2021-03-22 GETGROUPLIST(3)