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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN"> <HTML> <HEAD> <TITLE>System Functions & Variables</TITLE> <META NAME="DESCRIPTION" CONTENT="APL language help page: System Functions & Variables"> <META NAME="KEYWORDS" CONTENT="language,system,function,functions,variable,variables,apl,aplx,apl help"> <!-- %%COMMON_HEAD%% --> <META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"> <LINK rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="http://www.microapl.com/styles_apl_help.css"> <!-- %%END%%--> </HEAD> <body> <table> <tr> <td width="800" valign="top" colspan="2"> <center>Topic: <A HREF="ch.htm"><code>APLX Help</code></A> : <A HREF="ch_020.htm"><code>Help on APL language</code></A> : <A HREF="ch_020_070.htm"><code>System Functions & Variables</code></A> </center> <br></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="120"> <a href="http://www.microapl.co.uk/apl/index.html"><img height="68" border="0" width="119" src="MicroAPL_logo.gif" alt="www.microapl.co.uk"></a> </td> <td align="left" valign="bottom"> <h1>System Functions & Variables</h1> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="800" valign="top" colspan="2"> <hr> <H2>Contents</H2> <BLOCKQUOTE> <code> <A HREF="ch_020_070_010.htm">⎕A Alphabet, Upper Case</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_020.htm">⎕a Alphabet, Lower Case</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_030.htm">⎕AF Atomic Function</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_040.htm">⎕AI Account Information</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_050.htm">⎕AT Object Attributes</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_060.htm">⎕AV Atomic Vector</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_070.htm">⎕B Backspace</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_080.htm">⎕BOX Vector to/from Matrix</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_090.htm">⎕C Control Characters</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_095.htm">⎕CALL Call external static method</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_100.htm">⎕CC Console Control</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_105.htm">⎕CHART Draw Chart</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_110.htm">⎕CL Current Line</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_113.htm">⎕CLASS Class hierarchy for object</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_114.htm">⎕CLASSES References to user-defined and external classes</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_120.htm">⎕CONF Configure APL</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_130.htm">⎕CR Canonical Representation</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_140.htm">⎕CS Compatibility Setting</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_150.htm">⎕CT Comparison Tolerance</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_160.htm">⎕D Digits</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_170.htm">⎕DBR Delimited Blank Removal</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_175.htm">⎕DISPLAY Display Array Structure</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_180.htm">⎕DL Delay</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_190.htm">⎕DR Data Representation</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_200.htm">⎕EA Execute Alternate</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_210.htm">⎕EC Execute Controlled</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_220.htm">⎕EDIT Edit fn/op/var</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_230.htm">⎕EM Error Matrix</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_240.htm">⎕ERM Error Message Vector</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_250.htm">⎕ERS Error signalling</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_260.htm">⎕ERX Error trapping</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_270.htm">⎕ES Error Simulate</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_280.htm">⎕ET Error Type</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_290.htm">⎕EV Event record</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_292.htm">⎕EVA Event Arguments</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_293.htm">⎕EVAL Evaluate external expression</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_295.htm">⎕EVN Event Name</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_297.htm">⎕EVT Event Target</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_300.htm">⎕EX Expunge</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_305.htm">⎕EXPORT Export APL array to file in specified format</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_071_010.htm">⎕FAPPEND Append component to file</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_310.htm">⎕FC Format Control</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_071_020.htm">⎕FCREATE Create a new component file</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_071_030.htm">⎕FCSIZE Read component size information</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_071_040.htm">⎕FDELETE Delete component from file</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_071_050.htm">⎕FDROP Drop components from start or end of file</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_071_060.htm">⎕FDUP Duplicate component file, reclaiming wasted space</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_071_070.htm">⎕FERASE Erase component file</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_071_080.htm">⎕FERROR Return operating-system error</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_071_090.htm">⎕FHOLD Hold/Release component files for exclusive access</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_315.htm">⎕FI Convert formatted input</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_071_100.htm">⎕FLIB Return names of component files in directory</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_320.htm">⎕FMT Formatting Function</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_071_110.htm">⎕FNAMES Return names of currently-tied files</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_071_120.htm">⎕FNUMS Return tie numbers in use</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_071_130.htm">⎕FRDAC Read component-file access matrix</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_071_140.htm">⎕FRDCI Read component information</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_071_145.htm">⎕FRDFI Read file information</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_071_150.htm">⎕FREAD Read component</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_071_160.htm">⎕FRENAME Rename component file</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_071_170.htm">⎕FREPLACE Replace existing component</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_071_175.htm">⎕FRESIZE Set maximum file size</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_071_180.htm">⎕FSIZE Read file-size and component-range information</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_071_190.htm">⎕FSTAC Set component-file access matrix</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_071_200.htm">⎕FSTIE Tie file for shared use</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_071_210.htm">⎕FTIE Tie file for exclusive use</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_071_220.htm">⎕FUNTIE Untie file(s)</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_071_230.htm">⎕FWRITE Append, replace or insert component</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_330.htm">⎕FX Fix function/operator/class</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_345.htm">⎕GETCLASS Get reference to named class</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_340.htm">⎕HC Hard Copy</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_350.htm">⎕HOST Command to Host</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_360.htm">⎕I Idle Character</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_365.htm">⎕IC Insert into Class</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_370.htm">⎕ID ID Number</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_373.htm">⎕IMPORT Import data from file in specified format</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_375.htm">⎕INSTANCES Instances of a Class or Descendants</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_380.htm">⎕IO Index Origin</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_390.htm">⎕L Linefeed Character</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_400.htm">⎕LC Line Counter</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_405.htm">⎕LE Last Exception</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_410.htm">⎕LER Line Error Report</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_415.htm">⎕LIB Return directory contents</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_420.htm">⎕LX Latent Expression</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_430.htm">⎕M Months</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_435.htm">⎕MC Missing Character</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_440.htm">⎕MOUNT Allocate Libraries</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_450.htm">⎕N Null Character</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_455.htm">⎕NA Define External Function</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_460.htm">⎕NAPPEND Append data to native file</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_470.htm">⎕NC Name Classification</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_480.htm">⎕NCREATE Create native file</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_490.htm">⎕NERASE Erase native file</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_500.htm">⎕NERROR Get last native file error</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_505.htm">⎕NEW Create new instance of class</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_510.htm">⎕NL Name List</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_520.htm">⎕NLOCK Lock/Unlock native file</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_530.htm">⎕NNAMES List names of tied native files</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_540.htm">⎕NNUMS List native file tie numbers</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_550.htm">⎕NREAD Read data from native file</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_560.htm">⎕NRENAME Rename native file</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_570.htm">⎕NREPLACE Replace data in native file</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_580.htm">⎕NRESIZE Resize native file</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_590.htm">⎕NSIZE Get size of native file</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_600.htm">⎕NTIE Open native file</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_605.htm">⎕NTYPE Set native file type (MacOS)</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_608.htm">⎕NULL Return reference to null object</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_610.htm">⎕NUNTIE Close native file</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_620.htm">⎕NWRITE Write data to native file</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_630.htm">⎕OV Overlay</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_635.htm">⎕PFKEY Set up Function keys</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_640.htm">⎕PP Print Precision</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_650.htm">⎕PR Prompt Replacement</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_655.htm">⎕PROFILE Performance profiling</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_660.htm">⎕PW Print Width</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_670.htm">⎕R Carriage Return</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_673.htm">⎕RECLASS Change class of objects</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_675.htm">⎕REPARENT Change parent of user-defined class</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_680.htm">⎕RL Random Link</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_685.htm">⎕SETUP Set up external environment</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_690.htm">⎕SI State Indicator</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_695.htm">⎕SQL Interface to External Database</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_700.htm">⎕SS String Search/Replace</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_710.htm">⎕STOP Stop List</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_720.htm">⎕SVC Shared Variable Control</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_730.htm">⎕SVO Shared Variable Offer</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_740.htm">⎕SVQ Shared Variable Query</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_750.htm">⎕SVR Shared Variable Retract</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_755.htm">⎕SYMB Return Count of Symbols Used/Total</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_760.htm">⎕T Tab Character</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_770.htm">⎕TC and ⎕TCxx Terminal Control Characters</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_780.htm">⎕TF Transfer Form</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_785.htm">⎕THIS Reference to current object</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_790.htm">⎕TIME Time/Date Text</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_795.htm">⎕TR Translate text to/from External</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_800.htm">⎕TS Timestamp</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_810.htm">⎕TT Terminal Type</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_820.htm">⎕TRACE Trace</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_825.htm">⎕UCS Convert text to/from Unicode</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_830.htm">⎕UL User Load</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_835.htm">⎕VI Verify formatted input</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_840.htm">⎕W Weekdays</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_850.htm">⎕WA Workspace Available</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_855.htm">⎕WARG Argument to event callback function</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_860.htm">⎕WE Wait for event</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_870.htm">⎕WI Windowing interface</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_880.htm">⎕WSELF Callback object</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_890.htm">⎕WSSIZE Size of Workspace</A><BR> <A HREF="ch_020_070_900.htm">⎕XML Convert to/from XML</A><BR> </code></BLOCKQUOTE> <hr> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="800" valign="top" colspan="2"> <center>Topic: <A HREF="ch.htm"><code>APLX Help</code></A> : <A HREF="ch_020.htm"><code>Help on APL language</code></A> : <A HREF="ch_020_070.htm"><code>System Functions & Variables</code></A> </center> <br></td> </tr> </table> <!-- %%COMMON_BODY_TAIL%% --> <p class="copyright">Copyright © 1996-2010 MicroAPL Ltd</p> <!-- %%END%% --> </body> </html>