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ESSENTIAL OIL TECHNICAL DATA
Name Bot. name. Constituents Solubility
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Angelica A. archangelica phellandrene; 6 vols 90% EtOH
valeric acid
Anise P. anisum 80-90% anethole; 3 vols EtOH; ether
methylchavicol chloroform
Asarum A. canadense pinene; methyleugenol 2 vols 70% EtOH
Balm M. officinalis chiefly citral EtOH
Basil O. basilicum methylchavicol; 2 vols 80% EtOH
eucalyptol; linalool ether; chloroform
Calamus A. calamus 76% beta-asarone EtOH
Caraway C. carvi 53-63% carvone; 1 vol 90% EtOH;
d-limolene 8 vols 80% EtOH
Cinnamon C. cassia 80-90% cinnamaldehyde EtOH; glac. acetic
acid
Citronella C. nardus 25-50% citronellal 10 vols 80% EtOH
25-45% geraniol
Clove E. caryophyllata 82-87% eugenol EtOH; ether;
glac. acetic acid
Dill A. graveolens 50% carvone; apiole 1 vol 90% EtOH
Eucalyptus E. globulus 70-80% eucalyptol; abs EtOH; oils
alpha-pinene 5 vols 70% EtOH
Fennel F. vulgare 50-60% anethole; 1 vol 90% EtOH;
20% fenchone ether; chloroform
Geranium P. odoratissimum geraniol esters 3 vols 10% EtOH;
(geranyl tiglate) ether; chloroform
Ginger Z. officinale l-zingiberene; ether; carbon
d-camphene disulfide
Hops H. lupulus 65-70% humulene ether
Hyssop H. officinalis 50% pinene 2-4 vols 80% EtOH
Juniper J. communis pinene; cadinene; 4 vols EtOH; amyl
camphene; terpineol alcohol; chloroform
Lavender L. officinalis 30-40% esters 4 vols 70% EtOH
(linalyl acetate) absolute EtOH
Lemon C. limonum 90% limonene 3 vols EtOH; glac.
acetic acid
Lemon grass C. citratus 75-85% citral 3 vols 70% EtOH;
ether; chloroform
Marjoram O. marjorana 40% terpenes 2 vols 80% EtOH;
ether; chloroform
Nutmeg M. fragrans 60-80% d-camphene 1 vol EtOH;
myristicin; elemicin 3 vols 90% EtOH
Parsley P. hortense chiefly apiole 8 vols 80% EtOH;
ether
Patchouli Labiatae species patchouli oil ether
Pennyroyal M. pulegium 85% pulegone 3 vols 70% EtOH;
H. pulegioides ether; chloroform
Peppermint M. piperita >50% menthol 4 vols 90% EtOH
Rosemary R. officinalis >10% borneol 10 vols 80% EtOH
Rue R. graveolens 90% methyl nonyl ketone 3 vols 70% EtOH
Sandalwood S. album 90% alcohols (santalol) 5 vols 70% EtOH
Sassafras S. albidum 80% safrole 2 vols 90% EtOH
Spearmint M. spicata >50% carvone equal vol 80% EtOH
Sweet Bay L. nobilis eucalyptol; eugenol EtOH
Tansy T. vulgare thujone; borneol; EtOH; ether;
camphor chloroform
Thyme T. vulgaris 20-40% thymol 2 vols 80% EtOH
Valerian V. officinalis bornyl esters (acetic, EtOH; ether;
formic, isovaleric) chloroform
Vetiver V. zizanioides 8-35% sesquiterpene 1-3 vols 80% EtOH;
ketones oils
White Cedar T. occidentalis d-thujone; l-fenchone 4 vols 70% EtOH
Wormwood A. absinthium Thujyl alcohol; thujyl 2 vols 80% EtOH;
acetate; thujone ether
Yarrow A. millefolium cineol EtOH; ether
Abbreviations:
EtOH - ethyl alchol HOAc - acetic acid
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Properties of constituents:
Compound Property
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Anethole carminative
Apiole carminative
Borneol perfumery, incense
Bornyl esters sedatives, antiseptics, counterirritants
Camphor anti-infective, counterirritant,antipruritic
Carvone flavoring, perfumery, carminative
Cinnamaldehyde flavoring, perfumery
Citral flavoring, perfumery
Citronellal insect repellant
Eucalyptol flavoring
Eugenol dental analgesic, insect attractant
Fenchone counterirritant, perfumes
Geraniol perfumery, insect attractant,
Humulene urinary antiseptic (?)
Limonene skin irritant, sensitizer
Linalool perfumery
Menthol antipruritic, flavoring, carminative, anesthetic
Myristicin mild hallucinogen
Phellandrene fragrances
Pinene manufacture of organic compounds
Safrole topical antiseptic, pediculicide, carminitive
Santalol in perfumes, soaps, detergents
Thujone [ingestion can cause convulsions]
Thymol antifungal, antithelmintic, antiseptic
Valeric acid intermediate in perfumery
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This information may be of use to some more advanced herbalists. The
solubility information will be of use to anyone who prepares essential oils.
This is for informational purposes only. I do not endorse the use of any of
these agents, especially by the untrained. Many of these agents are very
toxic.
Prepared by Gary Ross [CIS 73317,3317]