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Title: The Black Flag Catalyst Revolt Guide
Author: Black Flag Catalyst
Date: 9-18-20
Language: en
Topics: Revolt, Protest, Uprising, Organizing, Councils, Street Medicine, Guide
Source: Retrieved on 9-20-20 from https://cryptpad.fr/pad/#/2/pad/view/Qp0Jh2U1ppNtosT393fKDe3bIsY8gOMum1uHn9CDN0I/embed/

Black Flag Catalyst

The Black Flag Catalyst Revolt Guide

Introduction

The following resource is intended to be a guide for those who wish to

carry out concerted political action and includes tactics for both

militant and pacifistic direct action, organizing, creating assemblies,

and even some introductory aspects of being a street medic. The goal of

this guide is to compile the knowledge from the various insurrections

across the planet and turn them into a single resource which can be

given to anyone and to inform that person on their place in the broader

schema.

For this reason, we will include both peaceful and non-peaceful tactics

within this guide. If we are to learn from the successful movements of

the past, we can see that all successful pressure has been the collusion

of the peaceful and non-peaceful aspects of the movement, such that the

peaceful party can lobby the state to concede, saying to them “now see?

Wouldn’t you rather deal with me than them? Sit down and make some

concessions to those suffering people.” Meanwhile, the non-peaceful

protesters escalate the aggression of their actions such as to put a

clock on the state. Direct action should therefore not be seen as a

chaotic by-product to be avoided. It should instead be seen as a

necessity to extract outcomes for the movement. Ultimately, if the

demands of the protests are not met, revolution should be the threat. In

this way, we are to transform the state to our whims, not vice versa.

And if it does not concede, we will have built the bodies of

prefiguration that will be prepared to replace it.

Preparation and Coordination

Firstly, before we get started, what should you bring to a protest? This

will vary depending on what your role is, obviously, but there are a few

things that will serve you well no matter what role you are filling. The

items listed below are recommended for everyone, if they are able to get

access.

What to wear

tattoos

by IAF

Survival: 2

What to bring

Do NOT bring

It is recommended that you not bring your phone to the protest or turn

off your phone unless you have taken proper precautions. Police can use

all data transfers as a way to permanently track your movements. For

this reason, it can be a good idea to use a burner phone. Do not

activate it at your home, or its history will begin there and defeat the

purpose. Activate it somewhere public or close to the protest.

It is highly recommended that you develop trust networks before and

during the protests. This includes not only protest buddies who will be

with you at all times and with whom you should try not to split up, but

also groups of trusted individuals. In order to form trust networks with

new allies, communicate feelings of trust or doubt about other

protesters only within groups you can control, reach an agreement on

their trustworthiness, and only then communicate that agreement outside

the group. Do not diminish trust with others just because they are using

different tactics than you.

Protest buddies should be used to make sure you are safe. A good model

for coordination, especially if you have quite a few people in your

larger party, is to separate them into groups based on their willingness

to escalate. Those who want only pacifist protest go in one group, those

who would clash with the police in another, those who would engage in

property destruction or graffiti in another. This is so that the tactics

of the groups do not conflict with one another and so that those who

would be willing to escalate do not get the others in trouble with their

actions.

Broader coordination is also highly recommended. A person who is offsite

of the protest who is monitoring the protests, coordinating legal

resources, communicating messages between groups, and so on... can be

invaluable. In order to minimize the need for protesters in each group

to constantly be monitoring and coordinating, it can also be a good idea

to choose one representative for each of the groups, sometimes called a

spoke, to communicate with the offsite asset and with the other groups.

The next level of the organization beyond the individual is the affinity

group. Affinity groups are small, with 2 or more people, but not so

large that it is difficult for individuals to form relationships of

trust with other members of the group. For instance, your group of

friends that attends protests together is an affinity group, and the

protest is made up of many affinity groups coordinating together

autonomously. Affinity groups often operate in a non-hierachical manner

and use informal consensus methods. The success of these groups

coordinating well relies on the fact that the group has strong trust in

one another. There is not necessarily a need to agree on ideological

details to operate as an effective affinity group, but there must be a

level of respect and shared accountability.

Try to communicate safe areas and regrouping zones with protesters in

your trust networks. This will allow, if your protest is split or

diffused, for everyone you know to return to a particular area where you

can all regroup and decide how to move forward. Be smart in choosing

these areas. You want them to be close enough to the planned protest

that they can be accessed by your allies, but not so close that they are

likely to be consumed by the protest, and in a place that is just

private enough that it serves as a means of escape and cover when

fleeing from state enforcement.

Protest Tactics

In the following section, we will lay out a variety of roles that are

needed in successful protests and explain several of them in

considerable depth. Different people will be better and worse at

different tasks and more or less inclined to carry them out. And this is

good! This diversity of tactics is what gives our movement strength.

Below you can see some of the names that the Hong Kong protesters gave

to the typical roles that developed on the streets. We will cover

several of these, although perhaps not with these names, in the future

versions of this guide.

[]

As we begin, do not think that the presence of militant tactics is meant

to suggest to you that you are not useful to the movement if you only

choose pacifism. Mass pacifist tactics will always be useful and even

necessary to a successful insurrection and have always served as an

integral means of popular pressure. Let us discuss some of the most

important ways that civil disobedience plays a role in mass protest.

One of the most important jobs of the civil disobedient, is documenting

the protests and the treatment of protesters by the state. However, in

order for you to help more than harm, you must be careful not to

document the faces or other identifiable traits of protesters. Not only

does this allow police to document and identify who was at a protest and

thus press charges at a later date, it also may serve as a means of

doxing protesters’ identities to white supremacists or other violent

fascists. Thus, if you want to document the protests, please be aware of

the importance of your safeguarding the identity of everyone present. If

you are going to film video which will have protesters’ faces in them,

download apps that obscure them before posting pictures or video to

social media.

Quite the opposite of this tip, in terms of filming, is to film the

agents of the state; whether police, military, or otherwise, as much as

conceivably possible. For the same reasons that we should not want our

protesters’ identities recorded, we should want the faces and actions of

the state documented as much as conceivably possible. This way we will

be able to pressure them and call them to task at a later date as well

as create outrage in the public.

If you are not filming, once again, consider leaving your mobile phone

at home or at least turn it off. There is now technology which can use

your phone as a means to track you and the protest broadly. In this way,

your decision to record can backfire if you are not properly prepared.

Pacifistic protesters can also be very useful in amplifying the voices

of others. This technique is often called the human megaphone and it

utilizes callbacks. The first person will shout “MIC CHECK!” and the

people will decide to amplify the message or not based on whether they

shout back “MIC CHECK” in unison. There may be a few rounds of “MIC

CHECK” going back and forth to make certain that everyone is in unison

together. After this has been achieved, the person who originally mic

check’d will speak in short, easy to repeat statements “THESE ARE!”

(“THESE ARE!!!”) “OUR STREETS!” (“OUR STREETS!!!”) “MOVE BACK!” (“MOVE

BACK!!!”) The more protesters are present, the louder these mic checks

can become.

Another reason why pacifist protesters are helpful is because they

provide numbers. Even those who might flee when the clashes begin, only

to rejoin shortly after, are helpful. Having large numbers of people

turns crowds into intimidating things and requires a proportionate

ability to suppress by the state. In this way, because it is more and

more difficult for the state to dominate the protests, the larger they

become, the very presence of human beings decreases the tendency that

clashes should take place to begin with, turning the tables in favor of

the masses as they choose to act.

The usage of human bodies to blockade or otherwise control areas, is a

major part of what any protest is comprised of. For this reason, it is

important that, when numbers are present, they have a good idea of how

to act, how to place themselves where they are needed, and how their

movement and presence affects the reactions by officers of the state.

Ideally, for optimum ability to exert pressure, crowds should stay a

little more than shoulder width apart. This can allow the crowd to act

in a more even and concerted fashion on the front and also allows some

usage of diversive tactics.

However, this can be a very stressful environment for protesters and

will therefore often not take place. By default, protesters will have a

tendency to spread out somewhat, when space permits. This has the effect

of controlling more space and therefore extending the size and presence

of protests. But it can leave them very vulnerable to being split or

suppressed easily by small numbers of police.

[]

[]

Be careful that the direction you are moving does not start the crowd

down the wrong path. As best as possible stay as one cohesive group and

resist being split. Be aware of how your movements will send a message

to other protesters. When the time comes that there are clashes with the

police, if you are just behind the frontlines, do not push your allies

into police lines, but cushion them from being pushed back as they

resist. Further, if they are hurt or they need to move back, be ready to

recover them and fill the line. This is why only those who are ready to

confront the state oppressors should be close to the front line. If you

wish to stay peaceful, stay considerably back from the layers of people

who stand face to face with the police.

The state is NOT YOUR ALLY. Never trust orders from police or military.

Any agreement made with them should be treated as false until it is

demonstrated otherwise. Never plan around any agreement made with

police, except to give them room to demonstrate adherence. If police

choose to defy agreements, ignore previous agreements immediately and

return to previous tactics.

There is a very good chance, if you clash with the police, that they

will then use “non-lethal” techniques such as rubber bullets, pepper

spray, tear gas, and pepper spray balls to suppress or defray the crowd.

All of these techniques can be lethal in certain scenarios and none

should be taken lightly. You can withstand serious wounds from rubber

bullets even if they do not hit you in the head, where they can do

life-threatening damage including disfiguration and permanent blinding.

There are ways, however, of staying safe. First, if there are those who

have made shields, be aware of their placement. Keeping those with

shields between you and the police is one of the best ways to avoid

being hit with rubber bullets or pepper spray.

If tear gas comes into your area, there are a few things you can do.

First, if you have a gas mask or other face covering, stay calm. You are

best oriented to act quickly and stop it from harming others. If you

have a bottle with a squirt top you can sometimes stop the tear gas by

spraying water on it. Better, if you see a traffic cone of almost any

size, it can serve as a means to suffocate the tear gas grenade and

allow you more time to spray it with water. If done successfully, it can

completely snuff out the canister. If you are not wearing a mask or

respirator do NOT inhale or stay in the midst of the tear gas for

extended time. While it is rare it will do serious, lasting damage, it

can put you out of commission quite quickly and extended exposure can

indeed lead to lung distress and even miscarriage.

Let us also discuss the tactics that can be used in the occasion that

police are using flashbangs. Firstly, although flashbangs are not meant

to cause physical damage, they can do serious physical harm and even

kill people as they launch shrapnel into the surrounding area. However,

their main purpose is to disorient and subdue protesters through sound

and light. In order to prevent this, close your eyes when you see

flashbangs being deployed and put your hands over your ears. If you only

have one hand, cover whichever is closer. It is recommended you do not

put your fingers in your ears, because this may be unsanitary. If you

have earplugs, put them in as soon as you see flashbangs are being

deployed. Lastly, open your mouth. There is a concussive wave that comes

along with flashbangs and this simple action can reduce the pressure

inside your head, keeping you oriented. Lastly, crouch low and watch

your balance. The combination of loud noise and bright light can easily

knock you from your feet and if you happen to fall, staying low will

keep you safe.

Sound devices such as the LRAD have been used by police forces to

disorient protesters. LRADs can cause permanent hearing damage and

possible neurological damage. If one is being used on you, it is time to

move.

You can also be a great help as a legal observer and in staying safe to

coordinate bail and legal resources for protesters. Documenting abuse

while not putting it on social media can be very helpful for those

trying to fight conviction. Further, giving people numbers for ACLU and

NLG attorneys, as well as other organizations who will coordinate bail,

could mean the difference between protesters spending large amounts of

time in jail or having their freedom.

Another aspect of being a civil disobedient is controlling the

narrative. This can be one of the most challenging things to do when

there are masses of people. Disapproval with tactics of fellow

protesters should never be communicated with journalists or outside

sources. All discussion of tactics (approval or disapproval) should be

kept inside protest groups. If asked about your approval or disapproval

of certain tactics with those outside the protests, only ever

communicate that their actions are valid responses to the events taking

place. When you spend your time criticizing fellow protesters, you only

validate the worries of people on the outside. Demonstrating solidarity

with the actions of your fellow disobedients is a way to control what is

reported and shows the seriousness of the issues at hand. Take a tip

from the radical Mexican feminist movement. They chant “WE ALL DID IT”

in response to any and all acts of vandalism.

If you are not prepared to talk on camera or you feel you may say

something you do not intend, please allow others to speak with

reporters. Journalists have long had a tendency to choose the clips

which cast protests in the worst light, especially focusing upon

interviews which use ableist biases to present protesters as irrational

or mentally ill.

Also attempt to avoid meaningless gestures. Ask yourself what impact

your actions will have. Only ever use symbolic gestures if they are

being filmed. Deny the state any opportunity to use symbolic gestures.

We have seen, for example, police taking a knee during the 2020 revolts

in order to show solidarity with the movement and being filmed as some

sort of inspirational story, just to turn around and launch tear gas

into the protesters moments later when cameras have been turned off.

Accept only meaningful concession, diffuse any attempt they make to

control the narrative.

Active Shooters

Unfortunately, the state’s direct tools are not our only enemy. Because

of the increase in fascist violence at protests, it has become necessary

that we outline the way to respond to active shooter situations.The

following is intended to prepare protesters for incidents of gun

violence. First: the best shooting is one which never occurs and it’s

always best to prevent a shooting from happening in the first place.

During a shooting, as explained below, it’s important to know your

surroundings. When you head out to a protest, take note of what kind of

area you’re heading to. Know where the roads lead, areas which seem

safe, or secluded, the nearest and most direct route to a hospital,

areas which result in large swaths of people, etc. If you know about

active risks, you are less likely to be caught off guard by an active

shooter. Below are a list of tips which may help you identify potential

threats:

posters, or any other medium. Comprehensive lists of hate symbols are

availible online after a quick search.

right-wing groups.

marginalized people(s)

Once you’ve identified a potential shooter, let as many people as you

can know about their presence, without alerting that threat. Be sure to

report the threat to the person(s) you believe is best handled to engage

with that threat, be it a local militia, local organizers, etc. After

this, try your best to keep an eye on them with others. Hopefully, this

or these person(s) will be able to disarm and remove the potential

shooter from the area, as well as any associates of the shooter. If not,

hopefully an organizer or a speaker will be able to alert the crowd of

the presence of potential shooters, or of what to do during a potential

shooting.

During an Attack

If you lack the proper training to deal with a shooter, don’t be a hero.

Attempt to remain as calm as possible and be aware of your surroundings

to the best of your ability. In addition, make plans for how you will

respond to a shooter in areas you or the movement frequents

(courthouses, justice centers, police departments, etc.) and try and

know where to go ahead of time. Above all, if you are a bystander, it is

recommended you follow the “Run, Hide, Fight” mantra we explain below:

Run — If you can see a clear path to safety, take it. If you can see the

shooter, or have reliable information on where the shooter is, use that

information to determine if you have a safe route to get far away from

the scene of the shooting and then take that route.

Hide — If you cannot find any escape, or do not know where the shooter

is, find shelter. Stay away from windows, lock and barricade any doors

you can get behind by piling up furniture. Try to keep solid walls

between you and the shooter. Stay still and quiet. Most shootings last

no longer than fifteen minutes, don’t move until then, or if it lasts

longer than that, until the shooting is definitively over.

Fight — In the worst case scenerio that you are unable to run or hide,

be prepared to fight with the intention of killing the shooter. If you

aren’t carrying lethal weapons, search around you for an improvised

weapon. Look for heavy weapons you can swing around quickly, for

example, a fire extinguisher. If you cannot improvise a weapon, aim for

the face and eyes of the shooter with your fist, and the shooter’s

stomach or genitalia with your knees. If you can disarm the shooter,

grab the gun, and fire upon the attacker. The shooter may have more than

one gun, or there may be more shooters present.

When the shooting stops, if you have the ability, you should administer

medical aid to those who have been injured. In the interests of this and

in combination with prolific police brutality, we have compiled a

compressed guide to street medicine below.

Street Medicine

As we begin, please remember this is only a short, condensed supplement

guide for the most introductory purposes. If you would like to become a

dedicated medic in your protests, it is highly recommended that you read

Riot Medicine (

https://riotmedicine.net/

) and consult the Street Medic Wiki (

https://medic.wikia.org/wiki/Main_Page

) to get a fuller understanding of the role of a trained street medic.

If you would like to know what gear street medics should carry, read the

Black Cross Health Collective’s gear list (

https://www.blackcrosscollective.org/page12.html

) or the first section of the Indigenous Anarchist Federation’s Skills

for Revolutionary Survival

With these notes in place, we will now lay out several simple tips that

will allow you to begin carrying out basic medical practices. First,

when someone is injured, it is easy to become overwhelmed. But if you

follow the steps below, you will do well in assessing medical

emergencies even in high stress environments.

Initial assessment

relax. Remain as calm as possible throughout.

victim. If a scene either is unsafe, or becomes unsafe, you will need to

leave or evacuate the victim into an area which is safe. You cannot

assist a victim if you become one yourself. You will only add to the

toll of the event and add further weight onto other medics shoulders.

Assessing the MOI can give you clues on the particular injury the victim

has, and how to treat them. Have the police been firing tear gas? Do

they appear to have been hit with munitions? Ask the victim. If the

victim is unresponsive, ask the people around them.

is most life-threatening, and whose injury is least life threatening.

The severity of a victim’s injury can often be determined by simply

looking at them, however, in instances where two or more victims’ level

of injury cannot be simply determined, use triage to determine a

victim’s level of injury, and to treat people most efficiently. First,

ensure that people who can walk on their own head to a designated

treatment area. Have yourself or assistants guide anyone visually or

sonically impaired to the treatment area. Typically people who are

capable of walking are lower in priority.

using all of steps below this, as well as any other medical knowledge

they have. After each victim’s injury has been assessed, begin

treatment.

of measures taken to reduce or stop the transmission of disease. During

an uprising this mostly means wearing a pair of medical gloves whenever

touching a patient. You may want to pre-emptively equip a pair of

medical gloves if you suspect someone may be injured. In standoffs with

police or with white militias, for example.

surroundings: If you discover that the patient is alert then section A

of step 8 applies. If the victim is unconcious then section B of step 8

applies. Know them both.

bodily autonomy and freedom. Before you begin touching or treating a

patient, you must gain their consent to do so.

clearly asking for their consent to treat them. Clearly state your

qualifications, the person has a right to know the amount of training

their medic has recieved. For example:“Hello, I’m John. I have some

first aid training I learned from an online resource and I could treat

you. Would you like me to help you?”If the person says yes, continue

treating them. If they say no, respect their wishes.

unresponsive, shout and repeat yourself. Tap them, but do not shake

them, as it could make a neck or spinal injury worse. If still they do

not respond, attempt to wake them through painful stimulus, be gentle

and precise with where you hurt them to ensure you’re not worsening any

injuries already inflicted. If still they do not wake, you have

permission to treat them through what’s called implied consent. Implied

consent is the assumption that any unconscious person or person in an

altered mental state would want to receive aid in an emergency

situation.

The ABCs

The ABCs are a way to review the potential life-threats to a person

before moving on to focus on one particular problem. Always assess and

treat systems in alphabetical order.

A. Airway

If the person has the ability to speak to you normally, their airway is

open. If they can’t or did not speak, put your face next to theirs and

look, listen, and feel for breathing for 15 seconds.

How to Manually Open the Airway:

if you suspect spinal injury, which can be understood with a quick

Google, or reading resources listed in this guide)

expel material with the Heimlich maneuver (which can be learned with a

quick Google search)

inhaler.

an epinephrine (Adrenaline) injection immediately. HELP THE VICTIM

administer their own Epi-Pen, if available.

precaution regarding the victim’s spine!)

B. Breathing

If they can speak to you normally, they are breathing. If they can’t

speak and there seems to be no obstruction of breath, the problem might

lie with their breathing system.

How to Restart Their Breathing:

unusually deep and shallow breaths) try to keep them awake and breathing

on their own by pinching their shoulder or earlobe

you know how. Remember to observe BSI precautions.

extra precautions regarding spinal care.

C. Circulation

The circulatory system is contained within the heart and blood vessels.

If the person is breathing, their heart is beating. Don’t waste time

taking their pulse unless you know how.

disguise blood loss. Blood loss may also be internal. Even if you find

one bleeding injury, keep looking—there may be other hidden injuries

that are more severe.

alert, assume victim may be going into shock.

Interventions to Help the Heart and Stop Bleeding:

to employ CPR. Be certain someone has called 911.

help them take their own pills.

clean cloth, clothing, or even your gloved hand if necessary. If the

person is able, they should be able to put pressure on their own injury.

Elevate the injured area above the level of the heart unless you suspect

spinal injury.

could dislodge the blood clot and re-start the bleeding

15 minutes or if they are spurting blood (usually meaning an artery’s

been cut).

their feet. Keep them warm

D. Disability

Someone with the inability to think, move, or take care of oneself as

they normally do—or any person with a potential spinal injury—is

disabled. Stay with these people until help arrives.

Interventions to Help:

words and holding the head still until help arrives. Be certain someone

has called 911.

sugar or orange juice, only if the victim is fully able to drink, eat,

or swallow.

help them breathe; but be realistic about the limits of your care.

Instead, you should be able to direct them towards someone better

equipped and more specialized in handling this issue.

careful not to antagonize a potentially intoxicated person.

recovery position (Remember to take spinal precautions)

Call 911 if:

to the victim seemed to improve the their condition. You cannot fix a

diabetic problem with sugar. Sugar simply may keep the situation from

getting worse until help arrives.

E. Expose and Examine injuries

Check for bleeding. If the patient has a suspected head or spinal

injury, do not move, shift, or roll the patient during this process.

Check underneath clothing for traces of blood. Move your hands under the

patient’s arms, legs, and torso and look for traces of blood on your

gloves as an indication of bleeding. If you find hemorrhaging, this

needs to be managed immediately, including before beginning CPR or

artificial ventilation.

Typically, an initial assessment is followed by more in depth analysis

of the situation, if you wish to learn about this, and be able to treat

people in other situations, we reccomend you read through Riot Medicine,

linked at the beginning of this section.

Open Wounds

We will now move on to tips on how to treat open wounds. It is always

reccomended that you only treat people as an unexperienced medic, if

you’re the only option. Assuming there are more trained medics in the

area able to treat the victim, please allow them to treat the wound(s)

instead. This is only for circumstances where you’re the only option to

treat someone. Furthermore, please keep in mind these are notes only on

open wounds, which is only one type of potential injury.

Preparations for Treating Open Wounds:

victims of particular wounds often won’t even realize they’re wounded

until later. You should utilize this initial shock to get the victim to

lie down, as it reduces the chance of potential injury from falls and

stabilizes the patient. Of course, there are exceptions to this, such as

if a victim has a wound on their back, or if lying down obstructs their

breathing.

wounds with blood gushing, so it’s important to ensure that you know

where a victim’s wounds are. Wounds will also often be obscured by

clothing, so you may need to remove clothing in order to find the wound.

In order to easily and quickly remove a victims clothing, it’s

reccomended you carry a pair of scissors, though a knife or any other

sharp object can also work.

life threatening, always call an ambulance.

though not always life threatening.

its own. Scrapes and shallow cuts. Typically not severe.

debris.

jagged, or straight. It also may be deep or superficial

always a possibility. Caused by poking weapons such as sharpened sticks,

or bullets.

skin to a near amputation.

instruments and it’s assumed if you own them, you know how to operate

them.

below in the “life-saving techniques” section

or the wound is impaled with any objects, pad around the wound and apply

indirect pressure, also as explained below.

Special Considerations

Not all wounds are the same and the above guide is only intended to be a

standardized, simplified list of steps to take when treating open

wounds. Below are special considerations to take when dealing with

gunshot wounds, or shrapnel wounds.

Shrapnel Wounds

Do not remove the shrapnel. If the shrapnel is still hot, do not touch

it. Irrigate the site.

Shrapnel almost certainly results in infection. Irrigate and cool the

wound immediately to the best of your ability and get the patient to

advanced care even if the wound is not immediately life-threatening.

Don’t use direct pressure on shrapnel wounds. Most shrapnel wounds won’t

bleed all that much. So loose, sterile dressing, and indirect pressure

is the recommended method.

In the event that Emergency Care cannot be given and removal is needed,

follow these steps:

the entry although not always on the other side.

sides if needed.

on a stretcher to a safe zone.

Gunshot Wounds

A gunshot wound (hereafter referred to as GSW) can be intimidating, but

with the correct equipment a GSW is survivable and treatable. In the

event of a GSW, follow the HABC flow of treatment;

H: Hemorage

Your first course of action is to control hemoraging. This means

stopping all bleeding as much as possible. Direct and indirect pressure

is the most important thing, as explained above. Tourniquets are also

useful, though a tourniquet should be used only after every alternate

method has been attempted. If unable to get to medical aid within 2

hours, after 20 minutes, gradually loosen the tourniquet; if bleeding

continues, reapply and leave in place. Also, keep in mind tourniquets

can only be applied to the extremity, aka limbs. After some form of

pressure has been applied, apply a dressing (gauze, towels, shirts,

etc.) to the wound. Certain rounds, especially rifle rounds will cause

entry and exit wounds. In the event that a handgun round has caused a

GSW, such as 9mm, or 22lr ammo commonly found in many pistols, there may

not be an exit wound and the round will remain inside the wound. Never

remove a round that is in a GSW. If the ammunition is frangible, only

one wound will be caused, with large amounts of splintering inside the

wound.

A: Airway

Your secound goal in a GSW situation is to establish an airway on the

victim. This can be done with either the head tilt/chin lift method, or

with the jaw thrust method, the second being more stable for head or

spinal GSW victims. Any basic CPR certification will prepare you to

render either of the airway methods, and a basic guide is given in the

“life-saving techniques” section. If trained you may also use an airway

on a GSW victim, an NPA or OPA will both do wonders but you will need to

recieve specific training to use either physical airway.

B: Breathing

Your third goal in a GSW scenario is to monitor breathing, you will do

this by looking, listening and feeling for respirations from your victim

as explained in the initial assessment section, once again any CPR class

will prepare you for this, as well as also teach you rescue breathing

methods.

C: Circulation

The fourth thing to address in a GSW situation is circulation, monitor

your patient’s pulse and if neccesary render CPR to your victim.

The last thing you need to do in a GSW encounter is render immediate

evacuation to your victim. Even with the risk of arrest or police

crackdown, it is essential that a GSW victim is delivered to a high

level of care within one hour of the trauma being inflicted. After this

“golden hour,” survival rates dramatically drop.

Treating a chest wound:

If you are unfortunate enough to run into a situation where there is a

GSW to the chest, you will need to have the correct gear to administer

lifesaving aid. You will need to follow the HABC treatment flow

described in the last section but you will also need to apply an

occlusive (air tight) dressing to the wound. The best and easiest way to

do this is to use a commercially produced chest seal, available on the

internet. Wipe up blood and then apply a chest seal to the victim on

both the entry and exit wounds.

There are two main types of chest seal available:

the need to use a chest decompression needle after applying the

dressing. These completely airtight dressings will actually cause the

lung to collapse inside the cavity in a condition know as tension

pneumothorax.

a chest decompression needle. Examples of vented chest seals include

Asherman seals or Bolin seals. Both are commercially availible to anyone

on the internet.

Keep in mind that you will need two seals to treat a chest GSW with exit

points, so plan accordingly. After applying a chest seal you should

finish the HABC flow of treatment and immediatly move the victim to a

higher level of care.

Lifesaving Techniques

Applying direct pressure:

Elevate the wound above the heart and apply pressure with a sanitized

compress (e.g. a clean, heavy gauze pad, washcloth, t-shirt, or a sock)

directly on the wound. Do not remove a pad that is soaked through with

blood; you will disturb any blood clots that have started to form to

help stop the bleeding. If blood soaks through, place another pad on top

of the soaked one and continue applying direct pressure. When the

bleeding stops, tie the pad firmly in place with gauze, a shoelace, or

any other cloth availble

Important notes:

Do not elevate legs if the victim has GSWs in the chest or abdomen as

they will bleed more quickly if legs are elevated, and make it difficult

for the victim to breathe.

Applying Indirect Pressure:

Apply direct pressure to an artery. There are specific major arteries

shown below which should have direct pressure applied to them. Press

firmly until the artery is sufficiently pushed against the bone.

To​​​​​​ check if bleeding’s stopped, slowly release pressure from the

pressure point, but do not remove direct pressure from the wounded area.

Also apply dressing around the wounded area

Head Tilt/Chin Lift:

Airways begin at the nose and mouth, and end deep in the chest. In an

unresponsive person, the most common obstructions of airways are the

tongue and epiglottis. Gently tilting the head back, and pulling their

jaw forwards, most airways can be opened. An unresponsive person will

not remain in the head tilt/chin lift position without being constantly

held in it.

Jaw Thrust:

If spinal injury is suspected use the jaw thrust instead. Place your

fingers behind the victim’s jaw bone on either side, just below the ear,

then push forwards so the jaw thrust out away from the face. Once again,

an unresponsive person will not remain in the jaw thrust position

without constantly being held in it.

Militant Tactics

We now reach the section on how to place active pressure on the state.

This section provides tips on how protesters may clash with the police

and use property destruction. It must be said, all escalation should be

done carefully and should consider what message will be sent. Rule #1 is

do not escalate further than state forces unless you are prepared for

them to respond in kind. Said otherwise: only ever escalate to a level

of violence you are prepared to receive. Further, note that many of the

following tactics should be practiced with those in your trust network

ahead of time. If you are aware you will be attending a protest where

confrontation might arise, coordinate at least some rudimentary training

with those who will be on the frontlines with you.

One of the simplest forms of non-peaceful resistance is to prevent

police from moving through an area by force. If the police are armed

with batons and riot shields, it can often be practical to stop them

from taking an area, especially if you have protesters armed with

shields and body protection. As has been said above, densely packed

formations are ideal for these scenarios, but do not pack in too densely

or there will be no room to maneuver or recover allies from the

frontlines. The ideal of this tactic is not to actively harm the police,

but instead to prevent them from moving. It can be a very good way to

use your superior numbers to distract the inferior numbers of the police

with a stalemate while the protest proceeds elsewhere or takes up room

that the police cannot control.

Another way, short of clash with the police, of preventing from doing

their job is the use of high powered lasers.

These are used to blind officers by obscuring their vision. Lasers will

make it very challenging for officers to look in the direction you are

shining them, disorienting them, and possibly even causing permanent

damage if they do not look away. Many lasers can overload the sensors of

simple drones and force them to land. They can also be used from a very

long distance, meaning that the police will have a very challenging time

stopping you from using them. The more people with these lasers the

better, because then the police will be unable to root out all of the

users. Other light devices such as a high powered flashlight can be used

to disorient but are more difficult to conceal the source.

Paint can be useful in a similar way in order to obscure the visors of

the riot police.

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It is recommended that one only rely on spray paint if they plan on

being on the frontlines. Otherwise, if protesters are engaging with the

police at a distance, they should use small buckets or filled balloons,

as seen above. This paint is also more likely to adhere and form a

consistent layer over the visor or riot shield which will prevent the

riot police from seeing, forcing them to raise their visors or lower

their shield and thus place themselves at risk.

If you plan on confronting police in a militant manner, it is

recommended you only ever do so if you have training, if their numbers

are far inferior, and if they are not well armed. It is also recommended

that anyone on front lines armor themselves as much as possible. Even

bicycle or paintball gear can be enough to keep you safe and those from

LARPing communities often know how to build cheap and very resilient

gear, including makeshift riot shields. Do not be afraid to reach out to

people who know how to make this gear ahead of time, even if you plan on

being safe, as you may not get to choose where you are in the crowd.

Another aspect of engaging in a non-peaceful manner, is being fearless

in de-arresting allies when officers have gotten ahold of them. If

officers are trying to pull a protester from the crowd, grab hold of the

protester and then have others grab ahold of you and pull them back. The

only means an officer has of punishing protesters aside from violence,

is to physically remove them. Disallowing fellow protesters from being

removed from the crowd is the same as freeing someone from jail, paying

their bail, and expunging all charges.

You may also be surprised to see how lax officers are with arrested

protesters, often being unable to manage the numbers they have gathered

and leaving them unattended for periods of time. If you find protesters

who have been zip-tied, you can place a thin object between the track

and the band and this will often allow you to loosen the ties and free

arrestees.

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If you are arrested with zip-ties or cuffs, when they are wrapping them

around your wrists, flex your wrists. Officers will clamp down very

tightly when they affix them, making it uncomfortable and disallowing

you from wriggling out. However, if you flex your wrists, you expand the

size of your wrists, allowing you to un-flex afterwards and thus

possibly get your wrists free.

Another approach to clashing with the police is to keep distance and use

projectiles such as bricks, bottles, and so on... This has very small

chance of doing permanent physical damage to officers, especially if

they are in riot gear, but it does have the effect of defraying,

confusing, and often forcing retreat. During the recent unrest fireworks

have been used as well. The greater the number of projectiles used, the

greater the chance that the police will cease the clash until they can

escalate to the usage of “non-lethal” munitions. One common police

tactic is the kettle or the process of surrounding protesters on all

sides to engage in mass arrests. Make sure you always have a way out.

If the police have engaged in unnecessary brutality, the community may

begin to riot. Keep in mind that riots are never planned. Riots have

always been a reaction to police brutality against largely non-violent

actions and are generally instigated by the material conditions of an

oppressive state and failing economic systems. If someone is planning a

riot in your area, it is at worst police entrapment and at best an

inexperienced and angry activist.

If you find yourself in a riot, you need to be prepared beforehand to

ensure your safety. A riot action lasts one night but the metadata from

your activities will last forever. Follow these rules to protect your

identity.

activities

Burning a building, a car, or other piece of property, is a

multi-faceted tactic and has ups and downs. First, it is recommended

that you choose targets which represent the enemies of the movement such

as symbols of state oppression. These include federal courthouses, local

police stations, office buildings affiliated with the Department of

Corrections, and other buildings where state repression happens

actively. The 2020 insurrections have garnered majority support in the

burning of the Minneapolis Police Department and there is next to no

outcry of the destruction and looting of large chain corporations, but

there has been less public support for small business destruction. This

is not to invalidate the choosing of these targets. One of the primary

purposes of property destruction is to place pressure on power

structures and a flagging economy is always a means of pressure on the

forces of capital. But if you are part of choosing a target, try to

choose it based on concrete material benefits.

When choosing targets for property damage, be certain that you loot as

many of the useful materials within the building as possible. Try to

focus on looting items which can be redistributed to comrades and

provide real material aid. This is not to pass judgment on any act of

looting. But try to connect the act of looting with principles of mutual

aid, not simple personal benefit. This allows the movement to continue

for longer, as these expropriated goods can then be used to sustain

other protesters and thus counteract the real material damage that may

be done to their personal solvency by taking place in these protests.

If you have moved to the point where your protests have become so

radical as to seize areas of the city in a permanent fashion, it may be

very useful to create barricades of various kinds. This is not only to

include the traditional barricade, as we have seen throughout history,

in the form of piled up rubble. It is also to include more modern

methods of preventing vehicle entrance. Below can be seen how effective

clingwrap is, when wrapped between two poles, in stopping even very

large vehicles from passing. So long as the vehicles do not have tread,

there is little chance they will be able to move through these cheap and

effective clingwrap barriers.

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Protesting Armed

If you are protesting armed, keep in mind that neither the state nor the

judicial system is your friend. Police will execute you in the street as

readily as the state will apply trumped up charges and put you in prison

for life if you happen to survive your violent encounter. Some

protesters are engaging in open carry, and if you are going to do so you

need to be aware of the tactical drawbacks.

The primary reason for an individual to open-carry is to engage in a

show of force. For marginalized communities openly armed actions by

organized groups can be an important declaration of their rights against

a racist police state. However there is no scenario in a standard

protest, a march, a demonstration, or otherwise where engaging in

open-carry with an assault rifle, plates/body armor, and other tactical

gear will provide you with a tactical advantage. The biggest draw-back

of the open-carry is you are exposing your tactical capabilities to

those you are hypothetically defending the community against without any

real gain. If you believe a scenario demands high-powered assault rifles

and those ready to use them, a trained and accountable group with that

level of gear should be located nearby off-site but ready to move in and

engage as needed. The ideal security forces are those that use concealed

weapons, melee weapons, and integrate into the crowd. Similarly when you

are engaging in direct action where the police and paramilitaries are

still operational, open carry does little but expose who is armed. In

scenarios where state power has receded, and autonomous zones have been

formed it may be necessary to engage in open-carry to defend your

community, and these concerns do not necessarily apply, but that is

after we have built the prefigurative systems to ensure that the groups

of armed individuals are trained and held accountable.

Security forces are better suited to engaging in concealed carry to

ensure that they have the element of surprise if the protest or action

comes under attack by a mass shooter. However a more common tactic to

attack protests is with vehicles, and shooting a driver who is

attempting to run over protesters does not guarantee the vehicle will

stop moving or save lives. In this case taking cover, and helping others

take cover, will likely save more lives.

Security forces must be trained, have a shared and understood Rules of

Engagement (ROE), have an open line of communications among all members

of the security team, and foremost de-escalate situations where

possible. All security should have radios and be trained in their usage.

To operate as security for your community and help defend against

threats, it is crucial that you coordinate and work with others

operating security in that area. Your security force needs to be

condoned by the organizers of the event you are securing. If there are

existing security forces, and you show up alone and carrying openly,

there is no way for them to know if you are there to help or hurt

people. That is why for those that wish to engage in community defense,

it is best to follow these principles of action.

Organizing Direct Action

As you are present in these protests for longer and longer, you will

begin to learn what the process of planning a protest might look like.

We hope to provide here a framework for understanding the challenges and

pitfalls of organizing direct action, so that you will have a better

understanding of what is at hand. This process is one crafted to avoid

vanguard ideology, yet allows us to establish a coordinated and

autonomous organization.

First, what is direct action? Direct action is any coordinated or

individual action that is directly in the service of a political cause.

Some examples of direct actions include marches, banner drops, strikes,

demonstrations, and other creative actions that could facilitate a goal

for your cause. They can also include mutual aid efforts such as food

distribution, disaster relief, medic operations, and other relief or

community support efforts. David Graeber has described direct action as

“acting as if you were already free.”

It is important to understand that, in this model, there is no

centralized leadership, but there can be organizers and facilitators. As

the individual or group developing the direct action it is up to you to

determine the tasks and those best suited to fulfill them. A rally with

speakers will necessitate some level of organization and temporary roles

that will be assigned, such as chant leader or speaker. These roles do

not imply leadership, and oftentimes it is best if these roles originate

from the group organically through need rather than operationally

through an organizer. Sometimes these roles require that individuals

make demands of the group, for instance as a medic attending to someone

may ask the crowd to move aside. Those working within their roles must

be respected by the group, but that respect must also go both ways.

These temporary roles are necessary to ensure a safe and effective

action, but it is best to ensure that your facilitation of the direct

action is as ephemeral and temporary as it needs to be. The key to being

a good organizer is to step up when you see a need and step back when

that need no longer exists. Don’t create another organization that

revolves around you, help build the movement for everyone.

The key to a good direct action is ultimately in its effectiveness to

directly or indirectly achieve the goal that you want to achieve. Not

every action must be service in the revolution for you to be a good

revolutionary. Sometimes you just need to improve your municipal trash

services. The effectiveness of a direct action may not always be evident

and not every direct action will be entirely effective. There will be

defeats and there will be victories. To ensure that you do not get burnt

out, you must temper your expectations. It is rare to achieve victory

after a single action for your cause but you can achieve victory after

repeated work and many actions will have transformative power in the

world that is not completely evident.

Before you begin actively planning actions you should understand what

the various forms of actions entail. There are 4 different types of

environments revolutionaries will find themselves organizing and it is

good to recognize the type of environment you are in and act

accordingly.

The Long Campaign

Whether successful or failed, your campaign is a long term series of

direct actions designed to achieve a singular goal. There may not be a

significant knowledge or presence about your issue outside the community

it effects, but you can change that with effective and disruptive

actions. For instance the NoDAPL protest was a series of actions lasting

nearly a year with the goal of preventing industrial development at odds

with ecological systems and Native treaty rights. Municipal and state

petitions have been used for criminal justice reform, legalization of

cannabis, and could equally be applied to abolishing the police or other

future objectives. Cooperatives, salting strikes, and other labor

actions require long campaigns. Long campaigns require a diversity of

tactics, constant re-evaluation of strategies, and acceptance that many

actions may fail before the action that ultimately succeeds, if any

ultimately does. Long campaigns also include the possibility of

organizing with a vast and diverse group of people which may be best

served through the councils described in future sections of this

document. The long campaign is often a struggle that does not end.

The liberatory struggle of humankind and your own movement within it

should be viewed as a process rather than a destination. Issues of

justice will exist beyond your lifetime. Your campaign may fail, but the

unforseen and indirect consequences can alter the future of your

community in positive ways you will never realize. Occupy Wall Street

never achieved its stated goals, but there are still affinity groups

formed from that time that operate and positively affect their community

in 2020. Every campaign we organize or aid adds up and multiplies the

power of others now and in the future. The opportunities you create to

volunteer, build, and work outside the system are vital to expanding the

minds of future generations.

The Mutual Aid Project

Mutual aid is based in community control, aiding one another to break

free from capitalism and colonial authority. Mutual aid is simple, it’s

the breaking of the binary of the “haves and have nots” with the

intention to re-allocate for equitable access to resources, education,

and needs. Seems simple enough. However, Mutual Aid is also a legacy,

and a practice.

These types of projects are perfect for pacifists and those who do not

seek conflict with the state. Mutual aid projects might already exist in

your area, such as Food Not Bombs or other local efforts, and these are

necessary components of building dual power. The mutual aid projects you

engage in and help build should not be confused with charity. Mutual aid

is a long-term commitment to the community and a tool to break free from

the state and capital.

The Catalyst and the Movement

When material conditions have reached a revolutionary potential there is

often a violent catalyst which may set off an organic movement. When

Mohamed Bouazizi set himself on fire in 2011 to protest the revocation

of his street vendor license in Tunisia he had no idea he would become a

catalyst for the Tunisian Revolution. This in turn sparked the wider

Arab Spring against autocratic regimes, which inspired the 15-M

Movement. More recently a simple local march for Justice for George

Floyd escalated into global protests against police brutatility,

systemic racism, and ultimately the burning of the 3^(rd) Precinct of

Minneapolis. It started with a simple peaceful march that the state

escalated through violence and the unnecessary usage of tear gas. The

immediate catalyst can come at any time, but it is often unforseen and

triggered by the overreach of the state. Your goal during this catalyst

as an organizer should be to use the momentum of the organic movement to

make demands and recuperate as much state power as possible. These

movements are often reactive to state violence or oppression and are

quite capable of evolving into an open conflict that can recuperate

power out of the hands of the state.​​​​​​​

The Open Conflict

The catalyst and the protests it spawned can evolve into an open

conflict or one can be planned. Open conflicts generally evolve

organically when the police crack down violently on peaceful protests,

fueling anger and action. Blockades, autonomous zones, direct conflict

with police forces, general strikes, economic shutdowns, and unplanned

riots can all be elements of the open conflict. Blockades are being used

by indigenous allies in South America to fight against both destruction

of the ecosystem and their homes. Autonomous zones such as those within

Chiapas under the EZLN have ceded from state power and corruption with

minimal violence. Direct conflict with police and sustained riots can

force the state to cede power, but the state is also adept at skillfully

managing and redirecting the narrative. The state uses a combination of

surveillance-state crackdown on the spread of insurrectionist content,

streams, and info as well as inserting activists into the movement to

neuter social movements that have evolved into open conflicts.

Large scale blockades in combination with strikes that are strategic and

well organized can be very effective, bring the economy of a state to a

standstill, and force state concessions. During the Bolivian Gas War in

2003 protesters used the blockade to force resignations of political

leadership, however many protesters were killed by the state in that

conflict. Open conflict brings risks that, while forcing political

concessions much faster, can also spiral out of control and lead to

violent fascist crackdowns. Ultimately, a strategically planned

insurrectionist direct action that evolves into an open conflict has a

higher rate of success than open conflicts spawned organically from a

catalyst.

Before the action identify a goal or have a demand(s) written down. Seek

consensus and input from your community and try to find a diverse set of

voices to go into the demands that you have. If the goal has already

been established by the situation at hand, i.e. justice for someone who

has been murdered by the police, it may not be obvious what the problem

is, but the demand may also not be so obvious. This is where organizing

committees, democratic councils, and other sort of mechanisms to make

cooperative decisions can come into play and help determine the ideal

goal or demand for your action. However, it is not necessary if the

community has already achieved consensus and your action is designed to

support or signal boost an existing goal. If you are organizing in an

existing movement or with other groups it is best to follow the St Paul

Principles to facilitate work alongside different groups who are also

engaging in positive work for the community.

the plans of other groups.

separation of time or space.

Have an understanding of how your action can bring victory every step of

the way. There is nothing worse for a movement than direct actions that

have no goal and serve no purpose. These types of actions will

eventually grind down interest for people and lead to movements being

suffocated. Your actions should be in service of the goal or supporting

those who are acting to achieve that goal.

Dead Rituals

In most industrialized nations, the governments have learned to diffuse

and ignore a variety of tactics which have a long and storied history on

the left. For this reason, there are many dead rituals that are no

longer considered effective, yet are still used regularly. This list is

not all inclusive. There may be times where one of these tactics is

uniquely effective within the conditions. But be careful of getting

sucked into these dead rituals as it will often amount to a repeated

engagement with ineffective and exhausting actions.

turnouts, extending beyond the usual participants, at public meetings

and rallies is in times of crisis.

information to workers in autocratic states but are now ineffective.

Your time is better spent making memes.

tools to harvest people’s identity that serve no purpose, even when

actually presented to the state. At best the petitions will be tossed

out and at worst your names go on a list.

be a good way of engaging with the public at large. It enables a few

people in a limited amount of time to reach out to large numbers of

other people. However such activity can easily become unreflective and

ritualized.

terms of influencing the people in a location and those passing by. This

is generally in combination with a strike. Pickets that are not

disruptive or designed to bring about “awareness” will not be effective.

representatives is not likely to achieve significant positive outcomes.

One exception to this general pattern is when a major matter of concern

arises which affects a lot of people in a particular locality. Frame

these as negotiations with the state rather than lobbying.

do very little for your cause. The anti-war protests brought millions

into the streets and achieved nothing. If your demonstration draws

smaller numbers, it only makes the movement appear weak.

approached with caution. Mass media can actually be more detrimental for

your cause as the ruling class and state will develop counter-narratives

or use wedge issues to divide the public on your issue. Personal

communication is more effective.

fever, but ultimately there is nothing democratic about liberal

democracy. There are occasions where it may be feasible to stand in a

local or municipal election but this should be a rare exception to the

rule. The party system, archaic voting methods, and capital requirements

have all but ensured that electoralism is a dead-end.

revolutionary struggles and progressive regimes in other countries.

Campaigns designed around the concepts of effecting policy or boycott

actions have not been highly effective. If an international movement

requests help provide mutual aid if you can, but otherwise making

revolution at home in the heart of the empire will do more for our

international allies.

seem like a good idea to fund a campaign, but in reality the time and

energy to organize these is better spent on actually carrying forward

the particular political cause.

left political organizations and campaigns necessarily have to bring

people together to make the appropriate arrangements. However, what is

ostensibly meant to be a means to an end very often becomes an end in

itself. Make sure you aren’t spending more time in meetings planning the

actions you are supposed to be organizing than you are acting.

Some of these may come as a surprise to you. If you find yourself

engaging in the same action over and over, it is time to step back and

reflect. Engaging in dead rituals will suffocate your movement. By

contrast, the following are still proving useful. These methods have the

capability to actually oppose the state and capitalism.

Invisible Molotovs

These are actions that we have seen some success in putting pressure on

the state and capital and can force concessions by the state or cause

state power and support to erode. To help accelerate the process of

eroding state power, you may be interested in organizing one of these

actions.

a shared protocol for action as described in this document. Support each

other in times of crisis and share in times of plenty. Organize direct

action together and encourage the development of other affinity groups

in your community.

the state and ruling class and can be a good start to give people the

confidence to break the rules. Use stencils and better-designed posters

which have more visual impact.

occasions, usually on a small scale. Such action is often spontaneous,

rather than planned in advance, and is a response to some immediate

opposition, especially by the police. It has become something of a

ritual and quite often a protest march includes a period in which the

participants sit down or stand around on the road for a short period.

Often there is no particular point in taking such action and by

unnecessarily holding up traffic it can alienate some potential

supporters of the cause being put forward. However they can have uses if

the action has a specific target and purpose.

revolutionary inclinations do not like violence and try to avoid it.

This is a positive sentiment but many leftists other than those of

pacifist views recognize that there are occasions when violent conflicts

with opponents are unavoidable. It is wise to prepare ourselves and your

revolutionary allies with self-defense techniques.

state and labor from capital can have a serious effect, especially at

scale with many people taking part in the action. Unfortunately for many

wage workers withholding taxes or labor is not possible. Mass fare

evasion in places with viable public transportation can also be

effective, for instance the student left evade y lucha revolt which

evolved into general unrest in Chile in 2019.

workers shutting down the flow of goods, and other methods of shutting

down economic avenues using sit-ins or other tactics can be highly

effective, especially if these actions can be sustained. A physical road

blockade can be.Any road or highway blockade is best served by having

ally vehicles or some other large equipment as shields to protect the

participants.

general strike, more people are making demands through labor power. If

you have leverage in the labor pool or you work in a field with limited

labor supply, you have more labor power than ever and it is time to use

it. Salting your workplace and organizing a strike is beyond the scope

of this document, but the best place to get started today is to join

your local IWW and get trained in organizing a union and begin salting

your workplace.

that generally are not expected to last indefinitely can be highly

effective. The longer the occupation need to be to fulfill the goal, the

more likely it is to be violently attacked by the police. Occupations

can also give agitators an easy target, so the more people involved, the

more unweildy they can become. In practice smaller, more tactical and

focused occupations have had greater success.

in-person and through more in-office visits, enough people can shut down

any government or corporate public service by simply clogging up the

lines of communication. On a website this is known as the DDOS but the

same method works for all communications mediums. For voice this is

known as a phone zap and has been used to great effect to put pressure

on the state. This action can only become more effective as more people

join in and the longer you can sustain it. This method is designed to

shutdown public system, but there is another similar action with a

personal touch.

business leaders. They could be bombarded with phone calls and emails.

Their offices and homes should be picketed as appropriate. They could be

targeted at company annual meetings and on public occasions. Every

opportunity should be seized to turn them into pariahs. These people get

away with a lot because they rely upon the norms of politeness and

decent treatment of each other which generally prevail in civil society

to avoid being reproached. But they are not decent and thus should not

be treated decently.

workers have disabled production equipment by removing some vital and

not easily replaceable part. The targets for sabotage should be

carefully chosen. There have been some instances of damage to public

buildings and monuments which have had a negative impact on people.

Sabotage can be effective both in terms of actually obstructing and

damaging the enemy and in its public impact.

This is not exhaustive nor is it a absolute dictate of any sort. To

succeed you must innovate and do what you feel works best in your

community based on what you have read and experienced. Marches and

protests can bring awareness to the public about your demands but can

also be highly ineffective, occupations and blockades can pressure

governments but can also come with huge costs. The key is to always

consider your actions and the environment you are working in and rely on

experience of others as well as your best judgement. To successfully

organize under the ever-present surveillance state we must understand

how to operate effectively and safely in the digital world.

Digital Operational Security

Do not talk about the action on open comms. Open comms include both

public and insecure private messaging platforms. Facebook and Instagram

are not your friends. Signal is great, but it has two big downsides:

communicating with, and it can be a pain to get another phone number.

Share Signal contact info privately with everyone you trust right now,

and compare your safety numbers in pieces across multiple channels with

people you’re trying to trust. (Conversations in Signal have certain

distinct identifying numbers you can get, both of you should see the

same numbers unless someone is intercepting your conversation, verify

these numbers through FB messenger, email, in-person, etc, where such a

person couldn’t also intercept.) The biggest limitation of Signal is

that your phone is relatively easy to hack. In the early days of the

Syrian civil war the Assad regime used Skype to track activists, beyond

intercepting Skype signals it would hack or directly access one person’s

computer, then use it to send attachments/files to all their contacts,

infecting every computer and allowing them to read locally encrypted

files, etc. Beyond being very suspicious of files, if your phone is ever

touched by a cop you need to immediately destroy it and get a new phone.

Since most folks can’t and won’t practice a high degree of security with

their phones, Signal is only somewhat safe.

For a more distributed but still new and insufficiently tested

communications framework over the web that allows arbitrary identities

and is decentralized, Element/Riot/Matrix is a messaging option.

(Element is the new name for Riot which exists in the ecosystem of

applications using the Matrix protocol.) This has its uses, but has

lower usage than Signal, isn’t as tested, and could be significantly

blocked with sufficient repression.

Email will probably outlast the cockroaches, it’s always worth having

backup email addresses your friends already know about. Bonus: having

backup email addresses that aren’t publicly (or anywhere in your

existing accounts) tied to your identity or existing accounts.

Super-bonus: setting up those email accounts with services like Tutanota

or Protonmail that try to use PGP encryption with other Tutanota or

Protonmail accounts. What to do: each person in your group sets up a new

email account with a brand new name (ideally using a VPN or Tor), then

you share the names of these names and email accounts with each other

through something like sheets of paper passed into your friends’ actual

physical mailboxes, once you’ve started messaging each other via these

new email accounts (never using real names or information that would

leak personal identity), memorize and destroy the sheets of paper

identifying which friend is which email. Email networks are most useful

when folks have to go on the run, without carrying a lot with them.

For more distributed communications in minor absences of internet put

the app Briar on your phone, create an account and share that account

with your friends. Now your friends and you can chat either over Tor

(when the internet is up) or over bluetooth and wifi (when the internet

is down). This is helpful in situations where you’re all on the streets

or live nearby and they take away cell signal, this was useful in Hong

Kong. Briar flourishes in situations when they shut off cell towers

around a protest, but it’s less feasible as a communications system

across neighborhoods when the internet is turned off for a whole city.

Larger scale electronic/network catastrophes are hard to predict. The

NSA could have backdoored every single revolutionary device, the state

could just storm ISPs and turn off all internet to facilitate a massive

crackdown, infrastructure could get knocked out by an earthquake/etc,

civilization could collapse.

One way you can take precautions is by establishing communication

protocols with your friends for how to move physical messages around.

Dead drops and geocaches are not just for supplies, they can be used to

move messages and USBs of data. Particularly in situations where

repression is widespread and you’re under surveillence. Old school

spycraft is worth thinking about. If your friends already know to, for

example, send messages via a crumpled up sheet of paper in an abandoned

big gulp in a pedestrian tunnel under a bridge, you’re prepared to

diversify plans and communication channels in a crisis. Obviously you

can and should think of other inconspicuous approaches. Even just

working out to stick USBs in a ziplock bag under a rock near a bus stop

can help immensely. When the internet goes down we often have to resort

to Sneakernet, just directly carrying the files to one another. Know

your friends addresses, but also don’t write them down.

Finally there are more active and resilient networking possibilities,

albeit with no substantive encryption. Everyone should own a ham radio.

We’re building a mesh network using disaster.radio. If you’re interested

in joining our network, order the parts from China now, we’ll help get

them set up and you connected. The basic premise is that little radio

sets sit on the roof of houses across town and peer with each other,

letting people local to one radio connect to it via wifi and send

messages, etc. With some solar boards you can power them and phones to

connect to them through a rough collapse.

Logistics

After you have chosen your action and what kind of campaign you will

engage in, you will then begin moving into the logistics stage. This is

an important stage where you will need to coordinate both public and

private resources. Public logistical information that you should share

widely includes the time, space, and loose description of the action.

Private logistics will include reaching out to medics, security, and

other crucial roles which must be organized for a successful action.

However, the information conveyed in private circles should be kept

secure among organizers. If there are parts of the action that you do

not wish to make public for security or legal reasons, ensure that the

fewest number of people are made aware of these plans and that those

plans are communicated through secure communications.

Food, water, dealing with cold or hot temperatures, and other

environmental issues associated with direct actions are often an

important part of logistics and planning. Plan according to the

temperature and weather. If it is hot ensure there are sufficient

cooling stations available, ice coolers, and other gear to deal with

heat. Survival skills come in handy in these situations and as an

organizer either you or another trusted member of your affinity group.

A bail fund may be needed and if large funds are required it is often

best to do this through an existing non-profit or other legal

incorporated entity. The non-profit industrial complex is filled with

problems, but these organizations are important mechanisms to raise

funds for important activities such as jail support. Without a legal

entity and a board to oversee those funds it is possible that an

individual can be corrupted and steal those funds. While we never wish

it to happen, it has happened before and this is an important mechansim

to prevent fraud while we are still trapped under the auspices of

capitalism.

A good direct action will have individuals in dedicated medical and

security roles. Security should be responsible for de-escalating

conflict during the action. Your direct actions should have a defined

beginning, middle, and end. You should establish a few alternate plans

in case something goes wrong. For instance if you were planning a loud

and disruptive counter-demonstration, but you find yourself outnumbered,

you may alter your tactics towards something less confrontational such

as a silent protest.

Another aspect of a successful protest is scouting the location you will

use. The further in advance you scout ahead, the better. Sometimes it is

best to scout a position multiple times, once long before for logistical

purposes and even in the hours before the direct action. If you have a

small group operating a counter-protest or demonstration, you would want

to scout the event to determine the number and sentiment of the

opposition before you determine the next course of action.

A good scout depends on some urban exploration and social engineering

skills that are beyond the scope of this guide, however there is plenty

of information online along these lines. It’s good to have a scout team

or use the buddy system rather than scouting alone. In addition, a good

cover story for your presence at the location is wise to have aligned

beforehnd with members of the scout group.

To scout you will need a cell phone with proper opsec protocols in

place, maybe a sketchbook or notebook for basic notes, comfortable

appropriate clothes and some money, and whatever other tools may be

appropriate. Practice makes perfect. When scouting a location, the

following questions are the ones that should be on your mind:

off successfully and safely?

different needs (cover stories, costumes, equipment, etc.) for the

different options? What are the potential drawbacks/obstacles?

cars passing by on rotation? Security guards? Given these concerns, is

your action plan realistic?

lockdown) or anchor points (if you’re doing a climb action)? Keep safety

standards in mind, and remember, in all likelihood, it will be someone

else who’s going to put their safety at risk according to your scout

assessment.

tactic, at each potential target site (remember that some locations will

provide multiple target options for the same tactic—e.g., many buildings

have multiple entrances that can be blockaded). Make sure to keep your

measurements in order, to avoid later confusion (don’t just rely on your

memory either; take notes).

What other resources would be needed to pull this off?

other potential legal charges?

jurisdictions (city, state, federal) will need to be contacted for

permits?

image, is your action scenario sufficient? From a potential

photographer’s perspective, is there good light? Are there obstructions

that would get in a photographer’s way? For some actions, getting a good

photograph is a major concern, and the success of such an action will

depend on the ability not only for the activists to deploy, but to

deploy at a time and way that presents an enduring photographic image.

If you are relying on a third party or other trusted ally to scout the

location for the organizers, it is often best for them to produce a

report. An ideal report includes the following:

exit/entrance points, pieces of equipment to be aware of, coordinates or

street address

clothes, central security locations, digital security systems

​​​​

After this, the next task at hand will be getting people to your action.

When you are inviting allies to your direct action, contact individuals

in your affinity group directly if possible. Encourage them to contact

other affinity groups they trust. Use secure and encrypted

communications channels as much as possible. When you send a generic

invite to a direct action, it is less likely they will show up than if

you send someone a personalized direct message. If you need a small

highly trained group, this is the best way to gather your team. If it is

a larger action that requires more bodies, such as a march, you will

also want to create more public invitations. If you are organizing a

large scale action that requires some level of coordination it is

helpful to create a volunteer in a box package for action participants,

with printed materials and other information to hand out. These packets,

in addition to a short training session either on video or in person,

serve to ensure that your group remains both decentralized yet

coordinated.

Creating a persuasive, eye-catching flyer can be very helpful when

organizing a large, public event. This flyer should include the time,

date, and some loose description of the action and its motivation. Post

the flyer in neighborhoods, on public utilities, on trees, on social

media networks, and everywhere that you can. Ask your affinity group

members to do the same. If you or your organization are sending a press

release to the media outlets in your area, this can increase the

presence of counter-demonstrators just as easily as it can bring more

support. It is a tactic that must be used with great care, as the media

can often lie and craft narratives that are counter to your cause.

As has been said numerous times, it’s also good to establish legal

support and have lawyers on hand ready to advocate on behalf of those

arrested, preferably pro-bono if possible or funded through a legal

support fund. Be cautious about using your personal banking information.

Crowdsourcing bail and legal fund over the internet is highly advised,

as this is a way that allies from everywhere can help you. If possible,

utilize an existing trustworthy democratic council with access to an

accountable and transparent bank account to avoid the financial and tax

related headaches associated with keeping individuals accountable with

large sums of money.

How Organizing Goes Wrong

Before you get started in organizing your own events, it is important to

know and understand the pitfalls in organizing and how things can go

terribly wrong. The threat of corruption, assassination, and

state-security infiltration represent some examples of external threats

to your movement.

Leaders can be corrupted and bought. The pressure of power, money, and

prestige can be great within a capitalist system. Even those that are

not swayed by money or power can be simply consumed by the spectacle and

fame. The flavors of corruption are many, but the outcome is always a

broken and shattered movement, or worse a zombified movement that no

longer serves its original aims but only seeks to empower the status quo

as its leaders have found comfortable and paid positions.

Leaders that are not corruptible usually find themselves dead. Whether a

car accident, a “suicide,” or simply retribution by local police, good

organizers whose identiy becomes too public are killed by the state all

the time. You could also face jail and solitary confinement on falsified

charges. From Martin Luther King Jr. to Fred Hampton to Thomas Sankara,

all across the world the leaders of great movements have been killed

long before their time. These days assassination, imprisonment, and

exile have been readily employed by agents of the state either

judicially or extra-judicially. Even today some organizers of the

Ferguson actions have been murdered by agents of the state and had those

deaths classified as suicides.

Undercover officers are also a real threat. Moe, Gloves, and Boots are

all names that have been used by undercover police officers whose role

and job has been to infiltrate and engage in recon on our movements, as

well as entrap individuals in crimes that can be used as justification

for crackdowns. These infiltrators will organize a crime or illegal

activity but want you to carry it out. They may provide free housing,

drugs, food, money, and other items designed to influence and groom

their targets. If their targets become anxious/skeptical and seek to

pull out of the action they may use derogatory words and emotional

abuse, calling their target names, in an attempt to push them to act. Be

aware and skeptical.

However not all threats come from outside the movement. Movements that

draw attention from the public and media can also draw attention from

those that have ulterior motives or disruptive individuals. Even when

the state is not actively destroying your movement, there are those who

can destroy it from within. These are people usually driven by fame and

fortune but are sometimes just well-intentioned but inexperienced.

Agitators will say one good thing about the movement, then proceed to

critize everything publicly and openly in speeches or through text. This

is so they can always claim they support your cause and organization,

while privately trash talking and doing everything they can to bring it

down. They may form a similar movement or organization with the same

goals, but poach people from your affinity group or organization, steal

content and designs without attribution or solidarity, and generally

work against your operations disrupting your movement’s time and space

for actions with their own. However, they may also simply be members of

your movement attempting to accrue power or embezzle funds.

Counter-revolutionaries are also a real threat. Internally a

counter-revolutionary might find themselves in a position of power

through charisma or by bringing in outsiders to alter the dynamics of

the group. To maintain this position of power they will use emotional

manipulation and lies within their leadership role. If anyone opposes

them they will use these tactics to undermine them and gaslight them and

others in order to maintain their power. Oftentimes they have a support

base that is willing to engage in attacks, either physical or verbal,

allowing them to keep their hands clean and always act. They may even

offer some hollow denunciation of their supporter’s activities, while

privately egging them on to do more.

Some counter-revolutionaries are not explicitly disruptive or even aware

that they are disruptive to movements. These people are drawn to the

spectacle of being in the media, they call themselves “leaders” or are

drawn to these positions in existing organizations, they fail to seek

input or the involvement of the community they are trying to organize,

and they treat the revolution as an aesthetic. They may also engage in

racist, mysognistic, transphobic, or other discriminatory behaviors or

micro-aggressions. Generally if they recieve criticism from other

members of the movement they simply acknowledge it and continue to

engage in the same behaviors. Some other red flags include asking for

donations or monetary support with zero transparency or accountability.

Another real risk are the peace police. Internal and external, the peace

police will come to shut down the diversity of tactics we rely upon and

ensure that the movement becomes another lifeless series of the dead

rituals discussed earlier or simply the threat of violence by armed

individuals who are there to “keep the peace.” Some peace police are

armed with only megaphones, however if you encounter peace police

engaging in open-carry it is advised that you avoid them, give them

distance, and simply move on. This applies to liberal, libertarian, and

fascist-identifying peace police, paramilitaries, or any right-wing

militia or group that is claiming to “protect the peace.” These people

are most likely just looking for any quasi-legal reason to shoot you and

your allies.

So what do we do when we encounter people inside the movement who are

harming it? Our first instinct cannot be to marginalize those who may

not be aware their actions are harming the movement. If possible,

mediate these issues through established mediation channels if they

exist. There are some steps you can take to help deal with these issues.

encountered the behaviors you feel are disruptive. Are they feeling the

same? If so, gather consensus around what behaviors are disruptive.

dialogue. Gently explain to them how their behavior is harmful to the

movement or discriminatory towards individuals within the movement. Give

them a set of concrete steps they can take to work cooperatively and

respectfully with other individuals and groups.

behaviors are actively and directly harming the movement or individuals

within the movement, then it is time to bring the concerns publicly, but

as gently as possible, without appearing to gang-up on or attack the

individual themselves.

reach out to other activists within your movement and explain to them

that the organizer or individual’s behavior is toxic, how mediation has

been attempted and failed, and explain it is time to invest our time and

energy elsewhere.

Generally, when there is no attention or media behind one of these toxic

organizers they will move on. In the case that the probleem does not

resolve itself in one way or another, accrue evidence of the actions and

behaviors that are harmful and prepare an explanation or response when

presented with the existence of the counter-revolutionary group to

educate newcomers to the movement. It is key to be as objective and

factual as possible, as unfounded rumors can be just as damaging to

movements. Additionally, not everyone is perfect. It is important to

continuously offer the ability for the individual to recognize their

faults and continue working with the group as a respectful ally.

All these types of toxic organizers are poisonous to movements. It is

nearly impossible with our current social norms to completely prevent

these types of individuals from corrupting a mass political movement.

The key is to inoculate ourselves to these behaviors first and educate

those within our affinity groups. In order to overcome the challenges

associated with overcoming global capital we have to adapt to the new

world of the 21^(st) century. The old style systems of mass mobilization

of social movements through large-scale hierarchy are flawed as we have

seen in the previous section. There are many vectors for both malicious

parties inside and out of the state to influence and degrade these

movements. A confederation of smaller groups, either democratic or

revolutionary in nature, is more resilient to the disruptive activites

of the state but may still face counter-revolution.

These are some of the challenges the network of revolutionaries seeking

liberation and justice must face. It is why we must train ourselves and

develop internal tools to act in concert with millions of other

revolutionaries, globally and at scale, without the need for a

centralized leadership or agenda.

With this in mind, the next step will be actually carrying out the

action. For this reason, we will now discuss the tactics that the

organizer must use on the day of the action.

Organizer Tactics

First, let us be clear: as the organizer of the action you cannot

control the actions of the individuals. However, you can set the mood

for a peaceable action or a militant one through the information you

provide to participants about the action and the feedback you give in

important situations.

For this reason, it is important to have a basic idea of the tactics

required at each level of the action. Providing those participating with

what they can do as individuals, as an affinity group, and what the

entire action hopes to accomplish is wise, as this broader tactical

overview will give them a better idea of how they fit into the action

and what to do during the action. But do not delude yourself that you

are the commander of the protest.

Before the action if you are going to engage in militant non-violence,

like an occupation, ensure that all individuals participating in the

action are aware of the nature of the militant non-violence and any

possible repercussions. Ensure that you follow the most effective

security protocols as you can for your group and have a strong culture

of operational security. Only communicate the details of the action to

those that need to know those details. Once the action is underway, more

detailed desciptions of the action, route, or other sensitive

information can be provided to participants.

Day-of Operational Security

Ensuring you and those who attend actions you organize are secure, safe,

and are not arrested when it is not planned is vital not only to your

well-being but your capability to continue organizing and acting. Follow

and share the rules for protecting your identity documented earlier in

this guide. For these types of actions there may not necessarily be a

dedicated security force since the entire action requires some level of

preparation.

If your action is as non-violent as a small group having a picnic then

there is no real need for organized security. However if you expect a

large number of people or a serious threat from counter-protesters then

you may consider having an organized volunteer security detachment who

have been trained in de-escalation and have appropriate gear necessary

to engage in security. If you do have formal security, ensure that they

are not to act as peace police but rather to physically defend the

participants of the action from physical or vehicular assault.

Oftentimes security will operate a car in the lead or behind a march,

for instance.

It is important to know your rights as a citizen of the state you are

currently in and use these to your advantage as much as possible whether

during the action when engaging with the police or after the action when

dealing with the consequences of being arrested and/or charged with

crimes. If your action is legally protected, knowing the specific local

or federal statutes is helpful if you have to liaise with local

state-security forces as an organizer of the event. Identifying yourself

as an organizer should be avoided for any actions that are not legally

protected.

A good medic volunteer crew is a simple necessity of most actions, with

at least one individual trained in medical first-aid, heat exhaustion,

CPR, and other basics and the gear necessary to deal with those

situations. If the event is large enough, consider trained EMTs on-site

with medic kits. In additiony to security and medical volunteers it is

sometimes important to have water and some dry food stuffs, like granola

bars, on hand to provide for participants. These groups are generally

organized as affinity groups.

A solid and energetic drum corps keeping the beat of the march or

bringing the noise is a great idea for any physical action like a march

or a protest. In the absense of a real drum corps a good speaker sound

system works as well.

It is best for the organizers during an event to operate in realtime to

keep in touch and stay aware of what is going on during the action,

staying adaptive to ongoing events. This can be done over SMS and other

chat messaging service, but during large events or when undergoing

jamming by state security forces, these services can go down. 2-way

radios are a good backup for your main organizers, march leaders,

security, and anyone that needs to be in the loop on the action.

After the Action

After the action you have organized it is important that you provide

some level of aftercare to participants, especially if they are going to

engage in militant action that could put them at odds with state

security forces.

Somone got arrested at your direct action? Oftentimes the police will

detain people for no reason and these days under NDAA(2012) you can face

arrest and indefinite detention for doing absolutely nothing wrong.

Avoid being detained or arrested by the Federal police as much as

possible for this reason. However, if your allies do get arrested, you

activate the bail fund. No allies should be left behind. If allies are

imprisoned for long periods of time, organize jail support in the form

of letters, commissary funds, additional legal support, media awareness

campaigns, and everything you can do to show solidarity for those

incarcerated.

Mental Health

Mental health is a particularly important subject, and one that is often

overlooked in the context of practical day to day considerations within

radical movements. It is important to understand the historical,

political, philosophical, and material context that affects our

collective mental health as we seek collective liberation. However, the

main focus of this section is to address the more practical concerns and

approaches that we can employ to create radical mental health and

wellness practices in our organizing spaces. To reach our goals for

collective liberation, we must employ the principles of self-care and

mutual aid, and approach mental health through a radical lens to avoid

reproducing the harm that is institutionalized by oppressive states.

It is important to set boundaries and expectations for yourself clearly,

so that you can know when and how to offer your help to others. Be very

honest and clear about your skills and abilities, as well as your

limitations, whether they are material, physical, or emotional. Often

activists take on much more than they can handle or do not trust others

enough to delegate, but this is unsustainable and can lead to burn out

very quickly. Building trust and sharing skills in the community takes

time, but it is important so that the movement can continue to grow and

foster community/comradery. No one shows up perfectly the first, second,

third times, and even a seasoned activist can under/overestimate their

abilities or limitations. It is necessary to learn and grow from our

mistakes, as we continue to build relationships within our activist

communities in order to create a sustainable movement.

Questions you can ask yourself:

time for them while balancing movement work and my day-to-day life?

during or after stressful or traumatic events?

If we take on too much, we run into the problems of many other

activists’ movements before us—BURN OUT! Burn out may become

unavoidable, but the more we address the root causes of burn out we can

hopefully minimize the damage and restore ourselves more quickly. Many

movements fizzle out or implode due to unsustainable practices and a

lack of sustained self-care and mutual aid that are necessary to

replenish our energy so that we can get back to work more quickly. We

all have varying skills, aptitudes, abilities, and interests—and this

diversity is necessary and a source of strength if tapped into

strategically. We also must cultivate a practice of self-care and

community-care that can help us create more viable and sustainable

communities, and that means we must understand and appreciate the

diversity within our communities and also take care of each other in

ways that are more in line with our values—respecting the diversity of

neurological, physical, emotional, intellectual, social, spiritual, and

other needs/abilities of our communities.

Before going out to a direct action, there are many things you can do in

order to prepare yourself mentally, physically, and emotionally. Attend

trainings so that you can learn and discuss any important issues you

might face or practice your response in a safe controlled environment.

Many organizations will do direct action trainings and offer more

specific trainings that are geared towards specific roles (street

medics, legal observers, security etc.). Know your role and attend

trainings to prepare yourself for what you might experience.

Build relationships in your activist community. You do this by showing

up, being accountable, and building trust within your activist

community. If you are new, have some humility–you may have specialized

skills, but you first must show that you are willing to be a team player

before given responsibilities of importance. Leave your ego at the door,

the purpose of our movement is larger than any one individual, and it is

important to realize that we may have different opinions and methods,

but ultimately we share some common goals.

As we have said before, resistance movements are often infiltrated by

agent-provocateurs and law enforcement agents that seek to derail or

delegitimize social movements. It takes time to build relationships, so

be patient with yourself and others. Let go of your ego and help

according to your ability and the needs of the group. Keep showing up,

even if you have a conflict. Conflicts can and do happen often in

movement spaces. If you hurt people’s feelings or make a mistake, be

accountable and take action to restore trust. Accountability can take

many different forms, but recognizing any harm done and making some

amends in a tangible way can go a long way to restore trust. We keep our

communities safe, and that requires that we know our communities and

provide support and resources as needed.

Also: slow down! We’re in this for the long-haul! Meditate and prepare

yourself for the long game. Our work is not done after one action. The

fight for freedom has been long and arduous, and we must prepare

ourselves for the long-game. Take time to connect your mind to your

body, listen to your body. If you are hungry, eat. If you are tired,

sleep. Your body carries wisdom. Honor your needs and take the time to

get to know your body. The need for perpetual motion and productivity is

ingrained into us by a society that does not value our labor or our

humanity, a society that views us as replaceable and disposable. We are

not disposable or replaceable. We must use self-care (which was

developed by the Black Panthers) to preserve our strength, to recharge

ourselves, to heal ourselves in a society that would grate us down and

destroy us.

Preparation

Practicing breathwork can be extremely helpful for controlling anxiety.

Breathwork is derived from the yoga traditions of south Asia. Do not

underestimate the power of our breath. Breath work helps us learn how to

shift awareness from our minds to our bodies, calm our nervous system,

be aware of how our body is feeling, and become more alert to our

present surroundings. Practicing breathwork before going into situations

that may trigger fight/flight responses, can help you access this mode

of grounding in more chaotic circumstances. Breathe deeply through your

nose, bring your breath and your attention to different parts of your

body as you breathe. If you are feeling pain, direct your attention and

breathing towards that part of the body. There are a number of free

guided meditation resources available on the internet that utilize

different methodologies including breathwork, sound healing,

visualization, and more. Find some different guided meditations and see

what works for you and build on your mindfulness and meditation

practices to increase your ability to act with intention, rather than

from a reactionary emotional place in more stressful situations.

Before going out to an action, make time to set intentions (what is your

role, how will you perform this role, etc.) and mentally prepare

yourself for the type of action that you are participating in. It can

also be very helpful to declutter or clean your space, so when you come

home you can relax more easily. You do not have to do a complete deep

clean of your space. Prioritizing specific spaces that will make coming

home after a draining and potentially traumatic experience can help

reduce stress in the aftermath of an action.

Being prepared for potential risks and making sure that you are

outfitted with all of the things that you need is a practical way to

reduce anxiety and mentally prepare yourself for direct action. Make

sure you have plenty of water, snacks with protein, electrolytes to add

to water in case of dehydration, medications you may need, assistive

equipment, and basic first aid gear. Additionally, while you are

preparing make sure you write important information down for someone

whom you trust that will be outside of the action containing your

government name (in case of arrest), medical, and other important

information that may be needed in case you are injured or arrested.

Pay attention to your triggers and know your boundaries. Triggers are

anything that might cause us to make decisions in fight or flight mode,

which can unnecessarily endanger your comrades or leave them with no

support. You may not be comfortable performing certain tasks, and that

is okay! Know what you are capable of and what you can say yes to. For

instance, you may need to say: “I can’t do that, but I can do this

instead.” Know what your skills, strengths, and weaknesses are and be

honest about them to yourself and your group. Prioritize and set

realistic goals. Be willing to adjust your plans or call people in to

help when you are feeling overwhelmed or exhausted. Many times,

activists take on too much or do not recognize or honor their

boundaries—which leads to burn-out, resentment, injury, exhaustion, and

conflict. Call people in to help if you feel overburdened or need to be

relieved from your role. Make sure you prioritize self-care and healing

during and after direct actions to avoid burn-out, exhaustion, injuries,

or illnesses.

It is important to pay attention to your triggers, so that you can

address your needs and be prepared for participating in the frontlines.

Emotional first aid in the frontlines can take many forms, such as

providing emotional reassurance and helping people stay grounded to keep

people alert, focused on the mission, and safe. Emotional first

responders should have a healer buddy they work with to check in with

and to support each other during frontline actions. Make sure to do no

harm while working in the frontlines or backlines of an action. Ask for

consent before offering advice or support to your comrades and remember

to lead with humility and empathy. Embed yourself within the frontlines

in an intentional way, and make sure you continue to build relationships

within your organization and the larger activist community. Having weak

community relations makes it more likely that infiltrators and

agent-provocateurs can derail your operations or purposefully trigger

emotional responses to escalate the situation. The last line of defense

is one-on-one therapy in emotional first aid.

As an emotional first aid responder, develop a process for providing

anxiety relief and emotional support. Let people know how you can help

and where to go to find emotional first aid. Destigmatize mental health

issues and normalize asking for help and emotional support within

movement spaces. Help make sure people have a safe place to go or means

of getting home or direct them to resources that can help them with any

issues that might be causing them distress. Emphasize that mutual aid

and self-care are integral to keeping everyone safe and healthy, and

that there is no room for “rugged individualism” and toughing it out.

Know who you can consult and put their number in your phone. Be open to

receive feedback.

Grounding

The frontlines, or the area of a protest where direct action is taking

place, can change moment to moment. Flexibility and adaptability is very

crucial in frontline spaces. Tensions can rise and fall quickly,

depending on the circumstances. Violence and trauma are unfortunately a

risk, particularly closer to police lines. The frontlines can be

extremely stressful and tension can shift in a moment, so it is

important to learn grounding techniques in order to stay focused on our

roles and to act with care and intention when the moment calls for it –

rather than to resort to reactionary fight/flight responses. Here are

some techniques that can be used to ground yourself and others during

actions:

attention to the present moment and out of fear/anxiety mode. Discussed

in the previous section about preparing for direct action. 3-Part Breath

can help stop anxious thinking and sensory overload and increase

awareness of surroundings. Can be used to get people out of anxiety mode

or dissociation.

adhere to people’s needs. Find out what is going on, assess needs, take

action, and direct people to supportive care and resources they can use

later on. Have someone focus on an object to distract from their

feelings. Objects provide a frame of reference so that people can pull

out of flashbacks or dissociative states.

hear around you? Name 5 things you can see. This practice can get you

out of anxiety mode, and serves to reorient your mind towards your

current environment.

herbs that can help reduce stress. Mullein, Slippery Elm, Mint are herbs

that can aid respiratory function, which can be especially important if

people have been or may be subjected to tear gas or may be feeling

congested due to environmental allergies. Natural and traditional

medicines can offer a lot to ease tension and help people stay alert.

Source your herbs sustainably and responsibly.

of your body, starting from the top and moving your way down. Tighten

and release muscles in various parts of your body. Loosen your jaw. Rub

your temples and the muscles just over your ears in a circular motion.

Put your hands on your head. Turn your body to stretch your hips and

neck. Gently stretch different parts of your body and notice where you

are feeling tightness or pain. Pain is an indicator of possible injury,

so move slowly and allow the stretching to release the tension being

held in your muscles. Be careful not to overextend your stretches. Focus

on drawing your breath into areas of your body where you are noticing

pain or tightness to help relieve the tension. These are simple methods

that you can use to quickly release tension and feel more comfortable in

the moment.

engagement may require different considerations, read your situation and

the mood. Check in with your friends and comrades, make sure they are

doing okay. If you notice any signs of exhaustion, dehydration, or

stress, offer assistance or gently remind your comrade to take some time

to rest, refuel body with water and food, or access other resources that

are available.

moments of joy is also an integral part of resistance work. Emma Goldman

said “If I can’t dance, I don’t want to be part of your revolution.”

Finding joy in the moment can help us be more resilient and relieve some

of the stress that is inherent to movement work. Feel free to

incorporate dance, songs, and other practical ways to lift spirits and

energize your group.

part of our lives and has immense power for healing, for comfort or for

restoring energy. Sorrowful music for sorrowful times, uplifting music

for times to get people energized.

out.

Backlines

During actions the backlines are often the base of operations in

movements. The backlines often include areas where people can go to

receive medical attention, to distribute resources (food, water, gear,

etc. ), to provide jail support, and receive emotional first aid. These

are often staging areas in public spaces, where people can gather before

a march or facilitate political education/trainings. It’s important to

remember that frontlines and backlines can shift rapidly. And also

remember to stay alert and emotionally grounded, so that you can respond

appropriately.

Emotional First Aid – have a space or area dedicated to

trauma-responders who have experience with mental health. They can work

with or alongside street medics’ tents. Yoga, art therapy, aroma

therapy, somatics, massage therapy, or any other restorative practices

might be appropriate depending on the skills and resources that are

available in the community. Healing spaces should be held away from

areas where there is a potential threat to safety. These can be areas

where we share skills, hold space for personal healing and

transformation, and provide information about different resources that

are available.

Identify before actions folks that can be helpful in case of traumatic

events. Ensure that you don’t burn out. A good organizer’s self-care is

just as crucial as the actions they are helping organize. It helps to

remove ego and a results-driven mindset from your activism. Putting in

work and being impatient for results, or even expecting results in your

lifetime will bring more stress than it is worth and ultimately lead to

burn-out and other negative events in your life. If you feel frustrated

or hopeless, taking the time for self-care is important. There is no big

bang pay-off you will miss out on. Shift your mindset. Recognize that

people have been fighting for centuries and there is still work to be

done. Accept that you won’t see the final ‘result’ of the movement.

Conserve your mental and physical energy, use it effectively and shift

your activism into lifelong actions.

Protest Democracy

If your protests achieve a level of success that they exist for an

extended period of time, they will often have the opportunity to become

more coordinated. Those in positions of respect will often be looked to

to decide what sort of tactics will and will not be allowed proceeding

forward. However, this is a dangerous path. The state has become very

good at suppressing leaders and infiltrating hierarchical structures. It

is much harder, however, for the state to infiltrate flatter and more

democratic bodies.

This is why protesters should create horizontal council structures where

consensus decides future action. These horizontal council bodies will

not sideline organic leaders; they will merely remove their power to

decide for everyone else. Indeed, if one wants to create a council body,

one of the most effective first steps is to locate an organic leader and

then convince them that decisions should be made through the democratic

body instead.

There are many kinds of councils which can be built, outside of

protests, during protests, and even enduring afterwards. Below is a list

of different kinds of council bodies that can be created, from Let Your

Motto Be Resistance by Kali Akuno:

or suburban block and/or street should be the foundation of all our

efforts. This type of organizing entails building deep relationships

with our neighbors and their families, identifying mutual interests, and

building clear lines of communication.

Block Committees, that unite several Block Committees into a joint

structure that addresses the shared interests and needs of the

community, including addressing complaints against the police or the

government in general and resolving disputes within the community

itself.

Neighborhood Committees that serve to unite the strategies and

activities of the New Afrikan forces throughout the city.

to both resolve their own issues and disputes and to formulate their

issues and concerns relative to the health and well-being of the larger

community.

victims of police violence, including the family members of those who

were killed by the police or other law enforcement agencies. These

Councils represent the interests of the victims to the community and

should take the lead in the formulation of demands on the government,

and the strategies and and tactics that will be employed to attain

justice.

organize themselves to address their specific needs and issues. One of

its primary functions will be to address issues of abuse and/or violence

(domestic violence, assaults, rape, etc.), committees against women

either by the police or other government agencies or by men in the

community, including determining processes or rectification and healing.

instruments that serve to direct vehicles of People’s Power. These

Assemblies would be called to develop and institute autonomous solutions

to various social issues and contradictions and to develop and advance

various demands on the state.

Councils, City Councils, or People’s Assemblies and are communal spaces

to gather evidence regarding police brutality and state repression to

shape a People’s response to these crimes against humanity to secure

justice through the administration of People’s Power via boycotts,

divestment measures, and various types of sanctions that bring the state

and capital to heel or transform them altogether.

organizations and various suggested committees that focus on monitoring

the police and other enforcement agencies operating in our communities,

documenting their activities, and when necessary, intervening to prevent

state abuses and repression. Copwatch initiatives should also provide

various types of self-defense and security trainings, including “know

your rights” trainings and political education or the community.

independent organizations and the aforementioned communities to secure

our communities from various threats at public gatherings and events, to

respond to forces that pose threats to the community, and to respond to

social and natural crises that confront the community.

similar social purposes. However, unlike the Security Teams they are

organized more explicitly to educate and train the community in the arts

of self defense, defensive fortifications, and military operations. The

other major function of the Militia should be to respond to major crisis

like the floods in New Orleans after Hurricane Katrina and the rebellion

in Oakland, CA, following the murder of Oscar Grant, to make sure our

people’s safety is secure and that the state is not abusing our people.

crisis such as that posed by Hurricane Katrina, to make sure that in the

midst of a crisis our people are physically safe, treated with dignity,

have food to eat, clean water to drink, and medically treated and

provided with adequate housing. These Teams should be prepared to set up

autonomous clinics and other emergency response operations following a

catastrophe, like the Common Ground Collective and Peoples’ Hurricane

Relief Fund in New Orleans after Hurricane Katrina, or Occupy Wall

Street after Superstorm Sandy in New York City.

Such council bodies may have many different purposes, as can be seen.

One thing they do is create a way to arrive on an agreement about

tactics. Lack of agreement on tactics leads to a confused mass working

on conflicting principles. Another one of the most important purposes is

that they provide a form of mediation for disputes. Do not let internal

disputes get out of hand. When two parties are having a dispute, find a

neutral party to act as a mediator. This mediator should be agreed to by

both of the people who are in the dispute and after the mediator hears

the difficulties of both sides, they should offer a path toward

remuneration and rehabilitation for those who are involved. Above all,

deal with these disputes in a civil fashion. Fury is for the state.

It is recommended, if numbers are relatively small in the council you

form, that full consensus be sought. That is to say, vote and negotiate

on measures until the only votes remaining are only “yay”s and

“abstains.” This is most recommended because it means that all concerns

are brought to the table and dealt with and that everyone who is present

actually believes in the action. No one’s views are discarded or

marginalized. An example consensus model might work like this:

Strong Consensus Model

Following this, there is a discussion period about the resolution. After

this discussion has concluded, the voters all place their first votes as

a temperature check and the results are tallied. If the first vote is

unanimous, the measure is passed and planning will begin.

concerns into deal-breakers or non-deal-breakers. Those who have said

that their grievances are not deal-breakers put their complaints into

one of several categories and each category of complaint elects a

delegate to plead their case.

weigh in on their agreement with the grievance and those with the

grievance offer amendments that, if instituted, would garner their

support. These friendly amendments are then voted on and a temperature

check is taken to re-assess the status of consensus. If there is a

unanimous vote, the motion is passed and planning will begin.

deal-breaker are asked to categorize their complaints and elect

delegates to plead their case. Voters are then asked to weigh in on

their agreement with these grievances and more amendments are gathered.

If, after all amendments have been passed, turned down, or sustained,

and the vote is unanimous, the motion is passed and planning will begin.

The delegates mentioned here should be revocable at the whim of the

council. They are not representatives in the sense of modern

democracies; they are only given the power to carry through on the exact

mandate that was stipulated when they were made delegates. If the

council votes and reaches consensus that someone they have delegated to

a duty does not meet their standards or desires, they can simply remove

the delegate and then either replace them or scrap the need for that

delegate.

Consensus can be difficult to manage when numbers grow due to the

differences in needs, beliefs, and desires of those involved. If your

council begins to grow too large to make decisions by consensus, you

generally have two options:

Option 1 is to split into smaller full consensus councils and then

maintain what is called a Spokes Council. This new Spokes Council will

be numbered by delegated members from the smaller councils called

Spokes, which bring word of proposals in the Spokes Council back to

their smaller Community Council, then have them reach a vote, then

return to the Spokes Council to vote as their Community has voted.

Option 2 is to weaken the consensus that is needed into what is called a

Weak Consensus model. In such a model, if you cannot reach absolute

consensus, you fallback to a 2/3 vote to settle and move forward, while

maintaining an accountability process by the minority. We will lay out

how such a weak consensus might work.

Weak Consensus Model

Following this, there is a discussion period about the resolution. After

this discussion has concluded, the voters all place their first votes as

a temperature check and the results are tallied. If the first vote comes

to a 90% majority, the measure is passed and planning will begin.

concerns into deal-breakers or non-deal-breakers. Those who have said

that their grievances are not deal-breakers put their complaints into

one of several categories and each category of complaint elects a

delegate to plead their case.

weigh in on their agreement with the grievance and those with the

grievance offer amendments that, if instituted, would garner their

support. These friendly amendments are then voted on and a temperature

check is taken to re-assess the status of consensus. If majority has now

reached 90%, the motion is passed and planning will begin.

deal-breaker are asked to categorize their complaints and elect

delegates to plead their case. Voters are then asked to weigh in on

their agreement with these grievances and more amendments are gathered.

If, after all amendments have been passed, turned down, or sustained,

the majority has now reached 2/3, the motion is passed and planning will

begin.

the planning phase of the resolution, such that they might still have

some recourse before the resolution is fully implemented. If, during

this contention phase, the majority drops below 50%, the resolution is

tabled or dismissed.

and implementation, the resolution is carried forward. The body now

elects a delegate or numerous delegates to carry out the implementation

of the measure under the strict mandate of what was contained in it.

Above all else, avoid formal leadership or centralization. Organic

leaders should never be given formal power. Avoid all cults of

personality. Dissolve the power of all leaders to the councils. Those

with formal positions of power are not strengths, they are liabilities.

Any that remain will become a threat either during the protests or in

whatever remains of the movement after the protests cease. It is not

that it is bad to trust to the expertise of others, it is that they

should never be given the power to dominate you. If they are truly

organic leaders, then their suggestions will surely be held up by

consensus or 2/3 majorities and they can then be delegated to carry out

the tasks that leadership would have been given anyway!

If you are seeking to form a permanent organization of some sort, The

Black Flag Catalyst has published four distinct frameworks which we

believe will aid people in this process. Each of these default to the

usage of the Strong Conensus Model listed above.

Discord Server

Catalyst Group

General Assembly

Autonomous Zone

We invite you to use these freely and modify them to your desires.

Ultimately, we must see times of rupture and revolt as opportunities to

build the new world. In absence of the state, we must create the bodies

of solidarity and consensus which will solve the problems of this world.

Autonomy and Revolt

When a protest campaign proceeds for a long period of time, planning can

enter into strategy instead of simple tactics. That is to say, the

choice of how the protest will proceed in response to the broader

approach of the police can become important. How do you choose whether

to escalate or de-escalate? When is it important to focus on clashes

with the state and when should you work to build protest democracy? The

general rule is as following, although it should not be taken as

ironclad: when the state escalates, focus on the clashes. When the state

de-escalates or stalls their tactics, begin building.

One of the most useful things that can be done in de-escalation or

static phases, is to create autonomous areas. That is to say, when the

police have begun to respond with static tactics, so long as you have

learned to respond, you should create permanent staging grounds in

strategic areas which are close to your frontlines. The first priority

of setting up these staging areas is to create a permanent autonomous

zone wherein the police cannot enter. Barricades, as described earlier,

can serve as a means to enforce this autonomy, but also placing your

militants at these locations as to maintain autonomy from police, may be

required. It is recommended that these areas use the document linked

above titled Autonomous Zone.

Regardless, these staging areas can serve numerous purposes. First, they

serve as a place wherein protesters can be safe before and after

protests, as well as places for protesters to sleep and receive medical

care, distribute food and water, and so on. Further, they should be made

into cultural hubs. There is no reason that occupation here should be a

purely military affair. Do not be afraid to let bands perform or enjoy

yourselves. However, beware ever letting these activities distract you

from your purpose.

These autonomous regions are also the area wherein it is best to

practice protest democracy, because they are under less surveillance by

police. Their existence will, however, also very likely escalate

tensions with the police, as the creation of mutual aid programs and the

assertion of autonomy for the protesters is a threat to police hegemony.

Thus, these autonomous areas will have a tendency to escalate tensions.

These bodies are practicing what is called prefiguration. That is to

say, what happens in these autonomous regions should, as best as

conceivably possible, mimic the world you want to create. That means

that you should treat them as spaces for radical experimentation and

application of movement principlism, but also the enforcement of a new

order of social harmony, as a thing which can sustain itself. In

creating these autonomous regions, you are therefore seeding the bodies

of revolution. This makes them a dire threat to the state and thus you

must be prepared to defend them and to enact their principles

fearlessly. In creating these regions in every major city in America, we

are planting the seeds of a revolutionary future.

ALL POWER TO THE PEOPLE.

Appendix

Discord Server Rules

Structure

The organization is hosted on a Discord server called Your

Organization’s Name which consists of voice and text channels. The

decisions made by the org must be voted on through the method in the

section titled Procedure and members are admitted by way of the rules in

the section titled Membership.

Points of Unity

The following principles are the points which individuals must agree

upon in order to be admitted as a member of Your Organization’s Name .

They represent guiding concepts which should animate the purpose and

direction of the organization’s decisions.

Server Principles

There are the principles which are modeled in discussions on the server.

Due Representation: Black, non-Black indigenous, non-white, LGBTQIA+,

Women, neurodivergent, those considered disabled by others or disabled

by society through medicalization or therapization of need instead of

being accomodated, and those who do not speak often should have their

voices prioritized in discussions.

Mutual Respect: Even when having heated disputes, members should avoid

insulting one another or assuming bad faith.

Membership

New members may be added to the group, so long as they are vouched for

by at least one existing member. After this, to become a member of Your

Organization’s Name , the user must agree to the Points of Unity in the

channel #platform. If they do, they will be given the “member” role.

Anyone who is a member of the group is subject to the rules listed in

this document. A member may only be removed by going through the process

listed under Grievances.

Delegation

If a proposal requires a particular person or group of people to carry

it out and the body deems it necessary, they may elect a delegate. A

delegate is a person given the right to act to carry out whatever is

within the bounds of a particular proposal that was passed by the

server. A delegate can have delegate status revoked at any point by a

vote.

Procedure

Voting on the Discord server takes place by first presenting ideas in

the channel #proposals. Once these ideas have been fleshed out and

turned into an operable form, the person who is making the proposal

should turn it into a clean and fully descriptive version then post it

in #voting and use the @everyone prompt to get people to vote on it. Any

proposal posted into #voting should get 72 hours for everyone to vote on

it. In order to vote on a proposal, people should use up, down, or X

(abstain) emojis.

A proposal only passes if it consists solely of ups and abstains. If it

can be seen that there have been down votes, the user who made the

proposal can ask all of those who voted down what their objections are

during the 72 hours period. They should seek to amend the proposal to

accommodate the concerns of the downvotes and if they do, the downvoters

should turn their votes into up votes. If, after 72 hours, the proposal

only has ups and abstains, it passes.

Grievances

Although all of the processes listed above are created precisely to

avoid grievances between members of the group, it is nonetheless the

case that legitimate problems will arise between members.

Mediation

When members are having a dispute with one another, all of those

involved should choose a party that they all agree is neutral in order

to hear out the issues of both sides. It is recommended that those

involved in the grievance process not have pre-conditions before they

are willing to enter mediation. After that, the neutral party should

offer a path forward that they think will balance the needs of all

involved parties. The parties may choose to accept or reject this path

forward or offer changes to it. Alternatively, they may ask that another

path to reconciliation be offered or that a new mediator be chosen.

Expulsion

If it is determined that a member is violating the Points of Unity,

Sever Principles, or any of the rules laid out in this document, they

may have their member status stripped from them with a proposal and a

vote where the vote of the member in question does not count. The member

that is being expelled will have an opportunity to plead their case

after their expulsion has been proposed and before voting begins. All

other rules to voting and procedure must be followed in this process.

Bylaw Amendments

Anything contained in this document can be edited by simply passing a

proposal through the meetings. This is a living document and should be

changed as the group desires.

Catalyst Group Platform

Structure

Your Organization’s Name will be a democratic body functioning on a

consensus model described in the section titled Meetings and will be

composed of Members, as described in the section titled Membership.

Members within Your Organization’s Name may also choose to form into

Work Groups. These Work Groups should be formed when there is a

particular interest or need which must be addressed in order for the

group to function. Examples of Work Groups are: A Black Work Group, an

Indigenous American Work Group, a Women’s Work Group, etc
 These Work

Groups are advised to also use the rules laid out in Procedure in order

to make internal decisions, but regardless, they will meet separately

from the main group meetings. One of the main functions of the Work

Group is to discuss issues that the Work Group sees playing out and to

form proposals to be brought to the group meetings in order to gain

passage.

Points of Unity

The following principles are the points which individuals must agree to

in order to be admitted as a member of Your Organization’s Name . They

represent guiding concepts which should animate the purpose and

direction of the group’s decisions.

Membership

New members may be added so long as they are vouched for by at least one

existing member of the group and that they agree to the Points of Unity

of Your Organization’s Name . They may only be removed by going through

the process listed under Grievance.

Delegation

If a proposal requires a particular person or group of people to carry

it out and the body deems it necessary, they may elect a delegate. A

delegate is a person given the right to act to carry out only what is

within the bounds of a particular proposal that was passed by Your

Organization’s Name . A delegate can have delegate status revoked at any

point by a vote during meetings.

Meetings

In order for meetings to be carried out in a way where everyone gets

their time to speak, the following procedures should be followed:

Meeting Principles

One Mic: Only one person speaks at a time.

Progressive Stack: The Stack Keeper should put any person that is Black,

Indigenous American, LGBTQIA+, a Woman, neurodivergent, or even those

who have not spoken yet, at the top of the stack. This is to make sure

that those with marginalized voices are always heard and are not tread

underneath those with majority perspectives or backgrounds.

Mutual Respect: Even when having heated disputes, members should avoid

insulting one another or assuming bad faith.

Roles

The people in the following positions should rotate from different

members of the group in order to prevent appearances of favouritism or

erasure. At the beginning of each meeting, decide who should do each of

these tasks.

Facilitator: The job of the facilitator is to moderate the meeting, but

not to lead it. This is to say; the facilitator should make sure that

the rules are being followed and they should keep the meeting on track,

proceeding through the various parts of the agenda, but they should not

intercede their opinions or direct discussion in any particular

direction. The facilitator should be a neutral party that seeks to

maintain good will and ease tensions, while keeping order in the

discussions.

Stack Keeper: The job of the stack keeper is to keep track of everyone

who needs to speak in the audience, keep a list, keep track of the order

of those who have spoken, and enforce the Progressive Stack.

Notekeeper: The job of the notekeeper is to keep a record of the

discussions being had and then, at the behest of the group, either keep

the notes somewhere secure or discard them. The notekeeper should redact

anything that the assembly does not want recorded.

Procedure

The following is a description of how meetings should be structured:

what has taken place in between meetings, especially the decisions of

Work Groups and the outcomes of direct actions.

It should be limited to some set amount of time for each meeting, so

that it does not overflow and disallow time for proposals and voting.

During this period, the facilitator may ask for what is called a

temperature check, which is a non-binding vote, on the spot, of everyone

that is present, in order to gauge support for an item under discussion.

body.

Following this, there is a discussion period about the resolution.

After this discussion has concluded, the voters all place their first

votes as a temperature check and the results are tallied.

If the first vote is unanimous, the measure is passed and planning will

begin.

If not, those who voted against the measure are asked to qualify their

concerns and plead their case.

After they have pleaded their case, voters are asked to weigh in on

their agreement with the grievance and those with the grievance offer

amendments that, if instituted, would garner their support.

These friendly amendments are then voted on and the status of consensus

is re-assessed. If there is a unanimous vote, the motion is passed.

If, after all amendments have been passed, turned down, or sustained,

the vote is unanimous, the motion is passed and planning will begin.

Otherwise, the motion is tabled or dismissed.

final comments and announcements, then call the meeting to a close.

Grievances

Although all of the processes listed above are created precisely to

avoid grievances between members of the group, it is nonetheless the

case that legitimate problems will arise between members.

Mediation

When members are having a dispute with one another, all of those

involved should choose a party that they all agree is neutral in order

to hear out the issues of both sides. It is recommended that those

involved in the grievance process not have pre-conditions before they

are willing to enter mediation. After that, the neutral party should

offer a path forward that they think will balance the needs of all

involved parties. The parties may choose to accept or reject this path

forward or offer changes to it. Alternatively, they may ask that another

path to reconciliation be offered or that a new mediator be chosen.

Expulsion

If it is determined that a member is violating the Points of Unity,

Meeting Principles, or any of the rules laid out in this document, they

may have their member status stripped from them with a proposal and a

vote where the vote of the member in question does not count. The member

that is being expelled will have an opportunity to plead their case

after their expulsion has been proposed and before voting begins. All

other rules to voting and procedure must be followed in this process.

Bylaw Amendments

Anything contained in this document can be edited by simply passing a

proposal through the meetings. This is a living document and should be

changed as the group desires.

General Assembly Code of Conduct

Structure

The General Assembly is a democratic body functioning in a space which

is open to the public with a consensus model described in the section

titled Meetings and composed of participants, as described in the

section titled Participants.

Participants of the General Assembly may also choose to form into

Working Groups. Working Groups are formed when there is a particular

interest or need which must be addressed in order for the General

Assembly to function. (Ex: A Black Working Group, an Indigenous American

Working Group, a Women’s Working Group, etc
) These Working Groups are

advised to use the rules laid out in Procedure in order to make internal

decisions. Working Groups will meet on their own, apart from the General

Assembly either in breakouts during General Assembly meetings or during

separate Working Group meetings.

The General Assembly may create and pass proposals which affect the

Working Groups, but the Working Groups may not create and pass proposals

which affect the General Assembly, nor which infringe on the General

Assembly’s right to pass proposals concerning the structure of the

Working Groups.

Points of Unity

The following principles are the points which individuals must agree to

in order to be admitted as a participant of the General Assembly. They

represent guiding concepts which should animate the purpose and

direction of the group’s decisions.

Participants

All of those who are present for the General Assembly meeting and agree

to the rules in this document are valid participants. All participants

have the right to vote in the proceedings of the General Assembly,

although non-participants may or may not be permitted to sit in on

meetings. Participants can only be excluded by going through the process

listed under Grievance.

Delegation

If a proposal requires a particular person or group of people to carry

it out and the body deems it necessary, they may elect a delegate. A

delegate is a person given the right to act to carry out only what is

within the bounds of a particular proposal that was passed by the

General Assembly or Working Groups. A delegate can have delegate status

revoked at any point by a vote in the General Assembly or the delegating

Working Group.

Meetings

In order for meetings to be carried out in a way where everyone gets

their time to speak, the following procedures should be followed:

Meeting Principles

One Mic: Only one person speaks at a time.

Progressive Stack: The Stack Keeper should put any person that is Black,

Indigenous American, LGBTQIA+, Transgender, a Woman, neurodivergent, or

even those who have not spoken yet, at the top of the stack. This is to

make sure that those with marginalized voices are always heard and are

not tread underneath those with majority perspectives or backgrounds.

Mutual Respect: Even when having heated disputes, participants should

avoid insulting one another or assuming bad faith.

Roles

The people in the following positions should rotate from different

participants of the General Assembly in order to prevent appearances of

favouritism or erasure.

Facilitator: The job of the facilitator is to moderate the meeting, but

not to lead it. This is to say; the facilitator should make sure that

the rules are being followed and they should keep the meeting on track,

proceeding through the various parts of the agenda, but they should not

intercede their opinions or direct discussion in any particular

direction. The facilitator should be a neutral party that seeks to

maintain good will and ease tensions, while keeping order in the

discussions.

Stack Keeper: The job of the stack keeper is to keep track of everyone

who needs to speak in the audience, keep a list, keep track of the order

of those who have spoken, and enforce the Progressive Stack.

Notekeeper: The job of the notekeeper is to keep a record of the

discussions being had and then, at the behest of the General Assembly,

either keep the notes somewhere secure or discard them. The notekeeper

should redact anything that the assembly does not want recorded.

Procedure

The following is a description of how meetings should be structured:

what has taken place in between meetings, especially the decisions of

Work Groups and the outcomes of direct actions.

It should be limited to some set amount of time for each meeting, so

that it does not overflow and disallow time for proposals and voting.

During this period, the facilitator may ask for what is called a

temperature check, which is a non-binding vote, on the spot, of everyone

that is present, in order to gauge support for an item under discussion.

body.

Following this, there is a discussion period about the resolution.

After this discussion has concluded, the voters all place their first

votes as a temperature check and the results are tallied.

If the first vote is unanimous, the measure is passed and planning will

begin.

If not, those who voted against the measure are asked to qualify their

concerns and plead their case.

After they have pleaded their case, voters are asked to weigh in on

their agreement with the grievance and those with the grievance offer

amendments that, if instituted, would garner their support.

These friendly amendments are then voted on and the status of consensus

is re-assessed. If there is a unanimous vote, the motion is passed.

If, after all amendments have been passed, turned down, or sustained,

the vote is unanimous, the motion is passed and planning will begin.

Otherwise, the motion is tabled or dismissed.

final comments and announcements, then call the meeting to a close.

Grievances

Although all of the processes listed above are created precisely to

avoid grievances between participants of the group, it is nonetheless

the case that legitimate problems will arise between participants.

Mediation

When participants are having a dispute with one another, all of those

involved should choose a party that they all agree is neutral in order

to hear out the issues of both sides. It is recommended that those

involved in the grievance process not have pre-conditions before they

are willing to enter mediation. After that, the neutral party should

offer a path forward that they think will balance the needs of all

involved parties. The parties may choose to accept or reject this path

forward or offer changes to it. Alternatively, they may ask that another

path to reconciliation be offered or that a new mediator be chosen.

Exclusion

If it is determined that a participant is violating the Points of Unity,

Meeting Principles, or any of the rules laid out in this document, they

may have their status as a valid participant stripped from them with a

proposal and a vote where the vote of the participant in question does

not count. The participant that is being excluded will have an

opportunity to plead their case after their exclusion has been proposed

and before voting begins. All other rules to voting and procedure must

be followed in this process.

Bylaw Amendments

Anything contained in this document can be edited by simply passing a

proposal through the meetings. This is a living document and should be

changed as the group desires.

Autonomous Zone Social Contract

Structure

The People’s Assembly will be a democratic body functioning inside Your

Autonomous Zone’s Name with a consensus model described in the section

titled Meetings and is composed of Members, as described in the section

titled Membership.

Members within the People’s Assembly may also choose to form into

Councils. Councils are formed when there is a particular interest or

need which must be addressed in order for the People’s Assembly to

function. (Ex: A Black Council, an Indigenous American Council, a

Women’s Council, etc
) These Councils are advised to use the rules laid

out in Procedure in order to make internal decisions. Councils will meet

on their own, apart from the People’s Assembly either in breakouts

during People’s Assembly meetings or during separate Council meetings.

Autonomous Zone Security is appointed formally through the process

listed under Delegation. Vigilante security forces should be formally

absorbed into the Autonomous Zone Security, dissolved, or asked to leave

the zone. The Autonomous Zone Security is fully under the control of the

People’s Assembly and is subject to all rules within this document.

The People’s Assembly may create and pass proposals which affect the

Councils and the Autonomous Zone Security, but the Councils and

Autonomous Zone Security may not create and pass proposals which affect

the People’s Assembly, nor which infringe on the People’s Assembly’s

right to pass proposals concerning the structure of the Councils or

Autonomous Zone Security.

Points of Unity

The following principles are the points which individuals must agree to

in order to be admitted as a member of the People’s Assembly. They

represent guiding concepts which should animate the purpose and

direction of the group’s decisions.

Membership

All of those who originally voted to pass these bylaws and agreed to the

Points of Unity are made members. Only members have the right to vote in

the proceedings of the People’s Assembly, although non-members may or

may not be permitted to sit in on meetings.

New members may be added so long as they are vouched for by at least one

existing member of the group and agree to the Points of Unity. They may

only be removed by going through the process listed under Grievance.

Delegation

If a proposal requires a particular person or group of people to carry

it out and the body deems it necessary, they may elect a delegate. A

delegate is a person given the right to act to carry out only what is

within the bounds of a particular proposal that was passed by the

People’s Assembly or Councils. A delegate can have delegate status

revoked at any point by a vote in the People’s Assembly or the

delegating Council.

Meetings

In order for meetings to be carried out in a way where everyone gets

their time to speak, the following procedures should be followed:

Meeting Principles

One Mic: Only one person speaks at a time.

Progressive Stack: The Stack Keeper should put any person that is Black,

Indigenous American, LGBTQIA+, Transgender, a Woman, neurodivergent, or

even those who have not spoken yet, at the top of the stack. This is to

make sure that those with marginalized voices are always heard and are

not tread underneath those with majority perspectives or backgrounds.

Mutual Respect: Even when having heated disputes, members should avoid

insulting one another or assuming bad faith.

Roles

The people in the following positions should rotate from different

members of the People’s Assembly in order to prevent appearances of

favouritism or erasure.

Facilitator: The job of the facilitator is to moderate the meeting, but

not to lead it. This is to say; the facilitator should make sure that

the rules are being followed and they should keep the meeting on track,

proceeding through the various parts of the agenda, but they should not

intercede their opinions or direct discussion in any particular

direction. The facilitator should be a neutral party that seeks to

maintain good will and ease tensions, while keeping order in the

discussions.

Stack Keeper: The job of the stack keeper is to keep track of everyone

who needs to speak in the audience, keep a list, keep track of the order

of those who have spoken, and enforce the Progressive Stack.

Notekeeper: The job of the notekeeper is to keep a record of the

discussions being had and then, at the behest of the People’s Assembly,

either keep the notes somewhere secure or discard them. The notekeeper

should redact anything that the assembly does not want recorded.

Procedure

The following is a description of how meetings should be structured:

what has taken place in between meetings, especially the decisions of

Work Groups and the outcomes of direct actions.

It should be limited to some set amount of time for each meeting, so

that it does not overflow and disallow time for proposals and voting.

During this period, the facilitator may ask for what is called a

temperature check, which is a non-binding vote, on the spot, of everyone

that is present, in order to gauge support for an item under discussion.

body.

Following this, there is a discussion period about the resolution.

After this discussion has concluded, the voters all place their first

votes as a temperature check and the results are tallied.

If the first vote is unanimous, the measure is passed and planning will

begin.

If not, those who voted against the measure are asked to qualify their

concerns and plead their case.

After they have pleaded their case, voters are asked to weigh in on

their agreement with the grievance and those with the grievance offer

amendments that, if instituted, would garner their support.

These friendly amendments are then voted on and the status of consensus

is re-assessed. If there is a unanimous vote, the motion is passed.

If, after all amendments have been passed, turned down, or sustained,

the vote is unanimous, the motion is passed and planning will begin.

Otherwise, the motion is tabled or dismissed.

final comments and announcements, then call the meeting to a close.

Grievances

Although all of the processes listed above are created precisely to

avoid grievances between members of the group, it is nonetheless the

case that legitimate problems will arise between members.

Mediation

When members are having a dispute with one another, all of those

involved should choose a party that they all agree is neutral in order

to hear out the issues of both sides. It is recommended that those

involved in the grievance process not have pre-conditions before they

are willing to enter mediation. After that, the neutral party should

offer a path forward that they think will balance the needs of all

involved parties. The parties may choose to accept or reject this path

forward or offer changes to it. Alternatively, they may ask that another

path to reconciliation be offered or that a new mediator be chosen.

Expulsion

If it is determined that a member is violating the Points of Unity,

Meeting Principles, or any of the rules laid out in this document, they

may have their member status stripped from them with a proposal and a

vote where the vote of the member in question does not count. The member

that is being expelled will have an opportunity to plead their case

after their expulsion has been proposed and before voting begins. All

other rules to voting and procedure must be followed in this process.

Bylaw Amendments

Anything contained in this document can be edited by simply passing a

proposal through the meetings. This is a living document and should be

changed as the group desires.

Example of points of unity

voice in determining our common future. We organize for

self-determination by having decision-making power come from the bottom

up. All power to the people.

capitalism, patriarchy, imperialism, white supremacy, and all other

forms of oppression, and lift up the voices of the most marginalized. We

embrace Martin Luther King’s call for a radical revolution of values,

and uphold feminist, egalitarian, and indigenous values against

colonial, capitalist, and hierarchical values.

Earth. We embrace the holistic and reconstructive dimensions of

indigenous knowledge and ecological science. Capitalism is killing life

on our planet, and we are fighting to sustain life by reharmonizing

human societies with the rest of the natural world.

preservation of our ecosystems and the self-determination of our

communities. We seek to abolish the profit system and place economic

decision-making in the hands of communities and workers through

communal, cooperative economics and an ethic of mutual aid.

oppressive society through collective resistance to the destructive

capitalist system, together with the creation of living alternatives. We

organize for dual power in our communities by building democracy and

mutual aid outside the state, to confront the present system while

creating the future that will replace it. We are building the new world

in the shell of the old.

and experiences in our movement. Our diversity and our relationships

with one another are our greatest strengths. We believe that this whole

is greater than the sum of its parts, and that our interdependence and

common humanity unite us. The road is long, and we must walk it

together.