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Title: Herbal Abortion
Author: Annwen
Date: 2002
Language: en
Topics: abortion, herbal, natural, illegalism, manual, not anarchist, anarcha-feminism
Source: Retrieved on 4 September 2021 from [[https://we.riseup.net/assets/231618/herbalabortion.pdf]]
Notes: **Herbal Abortion** published by Godhaven Ink, 2002. Compiled and edited by Annwen  **Second edition.** Future editions will include updated and expanded information. Suggestions and corrections gratefully received!  **isbn 0 9529975 6 8**  Godhaven Ink, Rooted Media, The Cardigan Centre, 145–149 Cardigan Road, Leeds, LS6 1LJ, England, **www.godhaven.org.uk**  **Godhaven Ink publications are anti-copyright.** Information for action! However, if you only reproduce part of this pamphlet you may omit important details and seriously risk somebody’s health.

Annwen

Herbal Abortion

Abortion is not a modern invention. For millennia women have used a

variety of plants to prevent or terminate pregnancy.

Many of the herbs included have mythic reputations as aphrodisiacs

because of their associations with freedom and sexuality, stemming from

their use in ancient orgiastic cultures.

As technological culture puts the power over our lives in the hands of a

small number of hi-tech experts, women have stopped learning how to

control their own fertility.

Herbal Abortion gathers some of the long-known knowledge of herbal

abortion and puts it into a straightforward and practical pamphlet.

Most of the substances mentioned are readily available, and all of them

are known to be effective.

Herbal Abortion covers not only herbs but also other things such as home

pregnancy testing kits that put control back into the hands of the

individual woman.

Herbal Abortion empowers women and gives them a chance to learn how to

affect their own reproductive systems.

Herbal Abortion is not a pamphlet of new and radical ideas, it is simply

the perpetuation of age-old knowledge that has been systematically

suppressed by those — from medieval witch-burners and clergy to modern

day doctors and politicians — who would usurp the power of a woman’s

control over her own body.

Just because herbal abortion uses herbs does not mean it will be gentle

or easy. There are certainly risks with any medical treatment. Natural

does not equal safe.

Having read this, a woman may well choose not to use a herbal method of

abortion.

But whatever she chooses, she will be making a more informed choice from

a wider range of options, and she will better understand the workings of

her own fertility.

Introduction

Since before recorded history women have been able to control their own

fertility using plants. whether it be for increasing the chances of

conceiving, contraception, abortion or starting delayed periods, women

have known how to listen to their bodies and affect them. It’s only

fairly recently that we’ve given over all knowledge of our bodies to

medical professionals. My aim is to empower women to take the personal

experience of abortion from the hands of doctors and politicians.

Until medieval times, midwives were the ones with the information about

abortive and contraceptive herbs, and because of it they were burned as

witches by the Christian establishment. The clergy recognised the power

of fertility control and took it for themselves. Politicians inherited

and still wield this power.

There was never any contradiction between the role of the midwife in

childbirth and her role in dispensing herbs for abortion, it was seen as

two different aspects of the same thing; part of the same cycle. I

believe that regulation of your fertility must include being able to

decide when to become a mother and when not to.

Although obviously an emotional time, abortion can be a positive

experience, proving your fertility, clarifying relationships and

exploring your feelings about motherhood. It’s not necessarily the

opposite of motherhood, it can be part of it.

Widespread information about how to use these herbs has never been

properly recovered. I decided to make it my mission to distribute this

information after finding myself pregnant and not being able to find

accurate, reliable information about herbs in time. It’s easy to find a

list of herbs to ‘avoid during a pregnancy’, but this is a long way from

knowing how much of these herbs to use to end that pregnancy.

This pamphlet should be read in its entirety with attention being paid

to risks and side effects. There are risks involved with herbal abortion

but these risks are no reason not to attempt it provided you are armed

with good information about all the possible outcomes are are willing to

resort to visiting a doctor if you need to.

You may decide after reading this pamphlet that herbal abortion is not

for you. It’s true, it won’t suit everyone. Herbal abortion can only

take place in very early pregnancy and has a reasonably high chance of

failure. You may not wish to go through two weeks of taking strong herbs

only to have to have a clinical abortion after all (and it is vital that

you do not continue with the pregnancy after you’ve take herbs for

reasons stated later). Many of these herbs are quite toxic and can be

taxing on the body, it’s not true to assume that herbs are a less

physically stressful method than a clinical abortion. Natural does not

automatically equal safe. However, some of you may believe any attempt

to take matters into your own hands to be worth it even if unsuccessful.

You should also be aware that herbal abortion is not an easy option, it

involves dedication and focus and would be best attempted if you have

some time on your hands and supportive friends around you.

All of this information goes hand in hand with knowledge of your own

fertility cycle. Through making simple observations it’s possible to

determine when you are at your most fertile, and therefore when you are

likely to have conceived. This is basic information about our own bodies

that more women should know.

Most of the information contained here has been gathered from other

sources, and several names crop up regularly. Full details of all the

publications and websites I quote are in the Bibliography. The amazing

website by Sister Zeus was my first introduction to the topic and is the

place where most of my information comes from. I would advice anyone

who’s thinking of attempting a herbal abortion to visit the website and

join the email support group.

Good Luck

Annwen

Section 1

When to use the herbs

Firstly, a note about dating the pregnancy. Pregnancy is usually talked

about in terms of weeks. I’m using the start date as the date of

conception as this will be the exact number of weeks for which you have

been pregnant. This is very easy to determine if you know your own

menstrual cycle and can tell when you ovulated, or you may know the date

of when you had unprotected sex. If you can’t determine the date of

conception then you can use the rough estimate of two weeks before your

period is due. The medical profession number a pregnancy from the

beginning of your last period so remember that if you’re reading any

medical literature or have spoken to a doctor, their date will be

roughly two weeks before you actually conceived.

As a general rule, the herbs are safer and more effective the earlier on

in your pregnancy they are used, so time is of the essence. There are

several windows of opportunity for ending a pregnancy during the first

six weeks (from the date of conception).

The best time to begin is during the first two weeks. This is the time

between conception and the expected time of menstruation. In the first

few days of pregnancy the fertilised egg can be prevented from attaching

itself to the wall of the womb, this is how the medical emergency

contraceptive (the ‘morning after pill’) works. If the egg has already

implanted then its ‘grip’ will be weak as the placenta will not have

been established and so it is still a very good time to utilize the

herbs, this is when the pregnancy is most fragile and easiest to disrupt

in various ways.

Another reason why this is a time when the herbs are at their most

effective is that many of these abortive herbs are thought to be

teratogens. Teratogens cause the development of abnormal structures in

an embryo resulting in deformities in the foetus, and have been linked

to complications during pregnancy and birth. Fertilised eggs are thought

to abort if exposed to teratogenic agents during the first two weeks of

pregnancy.

If herbs are successful at this early stage then menstruation is likely

to occur at the usual time — bleeding won’t start much sooner than

expected because a woman’s menstrual cycle must complete itself before

bleeding begins.

The next stage, when menstruation is due or just late is still a good

time to begin taking the herbs, and they are effective until two weeks

after the usual menstruation time. The chances of success are thought to

diminish after this time, although successes have been reported.

However, Susan Weed talks of a final window of opportunity for the herbs

to be effective by beginning to take them during the 5^(th) week of

pregnancy. The reason she gives for this is that most natural

miscarriages happen during the 6^(th) week of pregnancy (when

menstruation is about a month late — when you would bleed if not

pregnant). She describes the body as ‘remembering’ bleeding at this

time. I can’t explain this phenomenon in any scientific way, but I have

read successful herbal abortion stories that describe the abortion

happening at this time even though the herbs had been given up on for at

least a week before this, which would support the theory of the body’s

natural cycles still having an effect.

The herbs can be continued up until the beginning of the 7^(th) week but

must not be taken beyond this time as any miscarriage during or after

the 8^(th) week (given that the herbs can take a week or more to work)

is dangerous. This is because the placenta is firmly embedded in the

uterine wall by this stage, meaning that in the event of a miscarriage

the umbilical cord is likely to break leaving the placenta inside the

uterus when the foetus is expelled. This can cause profuse bleeding,

haemorrhage or serious uterine infection which could be life

threatening. The chances of the herbs working after the final window of

opportunity is extremely low and so it is not worth the serious risk to

your safety.

How to Use the Herbs

The herbs can be taken as tea, tinctures or capsules. The idea is to

keep a constant level of herbs circulating through your body, so for

this reason you should take the herbs at regular intervals throughout

the day and night. Set the alarm to wake yourself at least once of twice

in the night to take a dose, as a whole night without herbs could undo

any progress you’ve made during the day.

I would recommend taking time off whatever else you’re doing in order to

focus on the task in hand, as it could prove difficult to take your

herbs frequently and regularly if you’re travelling or very busy. Herbal

abortion is not easy and requires you to be focussed. Your chances of

success are increased, in my opinion, if you give yourself time.

Discontinue the herbs once bleeding has begun, if you only get a little

spotting then continue until you have blood flowing properly. Herbs

should be used for a maximum of 10–14 days. This is because the herbs

and dosages we are dealing with can be very stressful on the body. The

risk of doing serious damage to yourself is too great, don’t put your

own health and even life at risk (as damage to the vital organs can

occur if you overdo the dosages or continue beyond the upper limit of

two weeks). These herbs are strong and so your body will feel taxed but

it’s very important not to risk poisoning yourself. Stick to the

recommended dosages.

Some herbs are more toxic than others and it does not follow that the

most toxic are the most effective in causing abortion. As with all

medicines, a herb can cause different reactions in different people.

Herbs which could cause very bad side effects in one woman could be fine

for another so listen to your body and choose the ones which are best

for you. At any sign of poisoning discontinue the herbs that you are

using.

Although this may sound a little patronising, you must ensure that you

start using contraceptives immediately after the abortion. You may find

that you ovulate at an unexpected time as your cycle will take a while

to settle back into any kind of pattern (it could be earlier or later).

May women have found themselves pregnant again at the next ovulation

after the abortion so be careful!

Which Herbs to Take

Each herb has a unique action on the body and it is useful to know how

each one works in order to select the right ones at the right time. The

herbs have been categorised by their properties and some herbs appear in

more than one category as they affect the body in more than one way.

Many herbs could cause abortion single-handedly but a combination of

complementary herbs could prove more effective. Choosing herbs with

different actions to each other would be complementary, rather than

using several with the same action. There is some evidence to suggest

that using just one to four herbs at a time is better than trying to

combine a large number of herbs.

These categories could be seen as an oversimplification as whole plants

have a variety of different actions combining to make each one unique,

but nevertheless these three basic groupings are an invaluable guideline

for getting it right.

Progesterone Blocking Herbs

These are also referred to as ‘implantation inhibiting herbs’ as they

are the category of herbs that are used as emergency contraception after

fertilisation, but they’re effective after that period as well. They

work by interfering with the normal production of the hormone

progesterone, without which the lining of the womb becomes unsupportive

to the fertilised egg. Progesterone is crucial to the continued

viability of a pregnancy. If the egg has not yet implanted in the womb

then it is prevented from doing so and is expelled along with the

lining. If the egg has already implanted, it detaches from the

unsupportive womb lining and the lining will break down.

available, effective and non-toxic)

category as it does cause the womb lining the break down. It does this

by decreasing the permeability of blood capillaries in the womb)

Uterine Contracting Herbs

These herbs cause contractions in the uterus, which can expel the embryo

and are an ideal addition after a progesterone blocking herb has been

used for a few days. Often these herbs can help to regulate and

strengthen any contractions that are happening due to the use of other

abortifacients.

Some herbs cause uterine contractions because they are oxytocic. This

means that they stimulate the pituitary hormone Oxytocin. This is a

hormone that stimulates contractions during labour but is suppressed by

the body’s production of progesterone until the final stages of

pregnancy. Oxytocic herbs: Cotton Root Bark, Blue Cohosh.

Some herbs cause contractions because they contain the volatile oil

thujone. Thujone also stimulates the brain and is toxic in large doses.

Thujone is present in many herbs including, most famously, wormwood

which is used to make the mind altering drink absinthe popular in

19^(th) century France. If used in a concentrated form or in extremely

large doses thujone can cause delirium, hallucinations, convulsions, and

brain cortex lesions. Thujone has been known to trigger epileptic

seizures and so herbs containing thujone must be avoided by those with

epilepsy. These herbs should be used with caution and without exceeding

dosages stated. In my opinion, there are many other herbs that are far

less toxic to use before selecting any from this category. Thujone

herbs: Juniper, Mugwort, Tansy.

Oestrogenic Herbs

These herbs contain a number of chemicals that are similar enough to the

female hormone oestrogen to mimic its effects on the body. Oestrogenic

herbs are thought to be teratogens, which could explain their

effectiveness as abortifacients, but as most of these herbs are also

found in other categories then it is likely to be one of a number of

properties working together. Oestrogenic herbs can cause oestrogen-like

side effects e.g. abnormal blood clotting, liver problems, and oestrogen

dependant tumours, but are far less strong than oestrogen itself as

found in the contraceptive pill. Anyone taking the contraceptive pill,

any other oestrogen medication or blood pressure medication should avoid

these herbs, as should anyone who’s been advised against taking

oestrogenic medication (like the contraceptive pill).

Pregnancy Testing

The most responsible thing to do before attempting a herbal abortion is

to confirm with a test that you actually are pregnant. There are many

reasons for this. Firstly, herbs for terminating pregnancy are strong

and can be stressful for the body, therefore if they’re not needed they

should not be taken. Another reason is that if you take herbs and begin

to bleed but only lightly or for only a day you will need to know if you

were pregnant in order to know if this is a problem. If pregnancy has

been confirmed this could suggest an incomplete abortion which would

require medical attention (see the section entitled ‘what could go

wrong’). However, if you are not pregnant then there’s nothing to worry

about.

As we have readily available early detection pregnancy tests there is

still time to employ the herbs after a test. Tests are available that

can detect pregnancy at 8–12 days after conception.

I’m aware that this contradicts the message to use the herbs as early as

possible in the pregnancy, and whilst it is safest and most effective to

begin as soon as possible, this must be weighed up against the possible

dangers to health of using herbs when pregnancy status is uncertain.

Remember, using an early detection test only means a delay of a few

days, which leaves you well within a safe time scale for disrupting

pregnancy and to seek a clinical abortion if this should fail.

Home pregnancy tests work by measuring the presence of the hormone

‘human chorionic gonadotrophin’ (hCG) in your urine. This hormone is

produced by the placenta shortly after the embryo has implanted in the

womb lining and begins to build up rapidly, doubling almost every 48

hours up to the 60^(th)-90^(th) day of pregnancy.

Not all pregnancy tests are the same; some are more sensitive than

others. Unfortunately pregnancy tests rarely print their sensitivity on

the packaging — they usually say that they can be used from the first

day of a missed period even though some can be used several days before.

The following table has been compiled from information gained by

contacting manufacturers. The table is by no means complete as yet;

research is still ongoing into other brands. If you have a test that you

are unsure about it’s sensitivity it’s often possible to gain the

information by ringing a phone number on the packaging.

The most sensitive test I’ve discovered is Easistix P which is produced

by Eastern Pharmaceuticals [1]. Unfortunately it isn’t one of the most

widely available, I found it in my local chemist but not in any of the

supermarkets, it’s also possible to order it over the internet [2].

Funnily enough, there is a pub in Derby that has a vending machine that

stocks this brand of test in the Ladies toilets [3]. If you can’t find

Easistix P then any of the tests which can detect 25 mIU of hCG would be

fine. The tests that detect 50mIU of hCG are not classed as early

detection tests and should be avoided unless menstruation is already

late. Knowing the date you last ovulated is an extremely valuable piece

of information in this situation so that you can determine exactly when

conception occurred. If you have a regular 28-day cycle then you are

most likely to ovulate on day 14 or 15 and so you can use the 25mIU

tests 3 or 4 days before your period is due.

The lowest concentration of hCG detected by each test is measured in

milli International Units (mIU). The lower this number, the more

sensitive the test.

For more information on how to determine when you were fertile and what

your risk of pregnancy would therefore be see

www.sisterzeus.com/risk_of_preg

If you have irregular periods: Irregular periods make it difficult to

determine when you ovulated and therefore when to use a pregnancy test.

Sister Zeus [4] advises using three pregnancy tests in this situation,

the first twelve days after unprotected sex, the second two days later.

If both tests are negative then the chances of pregnancy are low,

however, a third test is advised, a week later, to make absolutely sure.

False Negative results

If you get a negative result from your test then there is still a chance

you are still pregnant. This is because there is a possibility that the

levels of hCG have not built up sufficiently in your system to be

detected by the test, this is especially a risk at this early stage. If

you get a negative result, but you still feel pregnant, test again 48

hours later (as levels double roughly every 48 hours). False positive

results are very rare.

Middx TW7 6NA

The Importance of a Back-Up Plan

It is vitally important that you’ve made a firm decision to terminate

the pregnancy before you attempt herbal abortion. Herbs are not a

totally reliable way to end a pregnancy (estimated at just under 50%

effective, but I don’t know how this figure is arrived at as no

scientific research has been undertaken on the subject as far as I am

aware). If you are not successful it is essential that you don’t carry

the pregnancy to term. The effect of these herbs on the developing

embryo is largely unknown. Many of these herbs are believed to be

teratogens, which are substances that cause the development of

abnormalities in an embryo, which could result in a severely deformed

foetus. This early stage of pregnancy is when all of the embryos bodily

organs and systems are forming and so are highly vulnerable to damage.

These herbs could also cause problems with the placenta (causing it to

partially detach or develop abnormally) which could not only damage the

embryo/foetus but also cause dangerous complications in labour.

It is therefore absolutely crucial that you are prepared to go through a

clinical abortion before you attempt a herbal one.

Whilst technically abortion could be refused, it is in effect available

on demand in the UK. The permission of two doctors is required to

approve a termination, although often the second doctor is simply a

rubber stamp. A doctor must approve an abortion if they believe that the

mental or physical health of the woman would be at risk if she were

forced to have the baby. Many doctors believe that simply having an

unwanted baby would be enough to put the woman’s mental health at risk.

Other doctors might want to hear more information about why having a

baby would be distressing to your mental health, so be prepared. Doctors

who have a specific conscientious objection to abortion are obliged to

refer you to a doctor that does not. Visit your family planning clinic

or ring NHS Direct if you are unsure about the attitude of your doctor.

Abortion is available on the NHS and most woman report no problems in

obtaining one. However, as in all areas of public health care, budgetary

restrictions apply and not all abortions are publicly funded. In

Scotland 96% of all abortions are NHS funded but in England and Wales

the figure is usually lower. Eight English health authorities have

admitted that they set specific criteria (over and above any outlined in

law) to prioritise women for free abortion. It’s not clear whether they

fund abortions for women who do not come under these categories. A full

list of the health authorities and their categories is in Appendix 1.

Some of these categories include being on benefits, being under or over

a certain age, being a student, already having several children, having

had previous abortions. If your health authority has restrictive

criteria and you do not meet them, you could consider lying (although

they may require proof of income) or try moving to another authority

temporarily (e.g. stay with a friend or relative). Some health

authorities also fund abortion related counselling.

Your clinical options

Medical Abortion: If you are no more than 7 weeks pregnant (or nine

weeks from your last period, which is how the medical profession date

pregnancy) you can ask for the ‘abortion pill’ called RU 486. This

involves taking a tablet to induce miscarriage and your body expels the

embryo without the use of surgery. The experience will vary from woman

to woman, but contractions are likely to be quicker and stronger than

with a herbal abortion.

You will be normally be under medical supervision in a hospital for the

few hours that it’s likely to take, although some health authorities

allow it to be taken at home. At home there’s the comfort of familiar

surroundings and control; in hospital there’s the comfort of strong

painkillers should you need them.

For more information on the development and history of RU 486 see ‘A

Woman’s Book of Choices’ by Rebecca Chalker (in the bibliography).

Surgical Abortion: This involves having the embryo removed surgically by

a doctor. This is usually done under general anaesthetic, but can be

under a local anaesthetic. You don’t usually need to be in hospital for

more than a day.

Useful Contacts:

you don’t want to go to your GP. They offer a very complete service

including contraception, morning after pill, pregnancy testing, abortion

referral, and information about councelling . Beyond abortion, their

progressive work includes campaigns to improve sexual health and

reproductive rights for all people in the UK.www.fpa.org.ukHelpline:

0845 310 1334 (9am-7pm Monday-Friday)

for abortion rights. Whilst they are a private organisation, they

stridently and actively campaign for greater NHS abortion provision. If

you are refered from a GP (or family planning clinic) you may be able to

access their services for free.www.bpas.orgHelpline: 08457 30 40 30

health and pregnancy issues for under 25s.www.brook.org.ukHelpline: 0800

0185 023

confidential medical advice and information, including facilities

available in your area. Staffed by qualified nurses and health visitors.

Calls charged at local rate.0845 4647

practice a woman’s right to safe, free and legal abortion based upon her

own informed choice.www.alra.org.uk

There are other private abortion providers who do free pregnancy testing

(Marie Stopes, etc).

Be aware that some anti-abortion groups operate under the guise of free

pregnancy testing and advice. If the logo includes a foetus or it’s an

offer of free post-abortion counselling from someone other than the NHS

or local council, approach with caution. The most prevalent are Life

(01926 311511 www.lifeuk.org and www.preghelp.org.uk). Another

anti-abortion group is CARE (0800 028 2228 www.pregnancy.org.uk), who

operate clinics under the name Alternatives Pregnancy Counselling

Centre. I’ve given their phone numbers and websites as sometimes they’re

given out without it being clear who the organisation is.

What to expect physically

The physical experience of a successful herbal abortion very much

depends on how long you were pregnant. If the herbs were used before the

second week of pregnancy the bleeding is likely to be a bit heavier than

a normal period with slightly more cramps than usual.

As the pregnancy advances the abortion is likely to be more intense with

more painful cramping and heavier bleeding for longer. If the pregnancy

has advanced enough, you will see yellowish tissue with branch-like

structures (chorionic villi), this tissue is usually enclosed in a blood

filled sac. This is the beginning of the placenta and somewhere inside

is the developing egg, which during the first 5 weeks will be as little

as 1-5mm.

As soon as bleeding begins herbs should be discontinued to allow the

body to do its thing. Expect a lot of blood but watch out for

haemorrhage.

You mustn’t use tampons, as the cervix is still likely to be relaxed and

open thus making the uterus prone to infection. It’s for the same reason

that you should avoid vaginal sex until you stop bleeding. using

menstrual pads or a cup allows you to monitor the bleeding and examine

what comes out. After the sac has been passed bleeding will slow down

and gradually stop. Bleeding should last for around ten days. If

bleeding lasts more than two weeks then it may be a sign of incomplete

abortion and should be checked out by a doctor. Bleeding only a small

amount, starting and stopping or spotting could also be signs of

incomplete abortion.

How long will it take to work?

This depends on many factor e.g. your overall health, the strength of

your reproductive system, the quality of the herbs. The herbal abortion

could take as little as five days but usually longer. Do not take the

herbs for longer than fourteen days (as explained earlier).

Herbs are not a totally reliable method of abortion and you may not be

successful.

Spotting

If spots of blood begin to appear but blood is not yet flowing properly

then you’re close but not there yet. You may want to consider increasing

dosages slightly at this point if you feel you’re developing a

tolerance. Or you could add another herb e.g. Dong Quai to increase

contractions, or parsley or Black Cohosh to soften and open up the

cervix.

If you’re not sure if what’s happening to you is normal, or if you want

to confirm that your abortion was successful then you can go to the

doctor and say that you’ve miscarried. You don’t have to mention the

herbs if you don’t want to, as they’ll treat you for miscarriage

complications the same either way. Bear in mind that you may be referred

to hospital straight away.

If you experience any of the following symptoms you should seek medical

attention right away:

expected but if you soak a menstrual pad in an hour or less this is

considered haemorrhage and must be treated immediately.

have a uterine infection caused by incomplete abortion.

particularly on one side, at any ponit during pregnancy you may have an

ectopic pregnancy which is very rare but extremely serious.

Symptoms of pregnancy should begin to disappear very soon after the

abortion (although it’ll take at least 5–7 days for a pregnancy test to

read negative). Remember that the herbs and indeed the whole process is

hard on the body and you will have lost a lot of blood. You should rest

and eat healthy, good food rich in minerals and vitamins, especially

iron. Once the abortion is well underway and bleeding has slowed it

would be a good idea to drink nourishing herbal teas to rebalance and

rebuild your body:

for strengthening the immune system and warding off infection.

be used over a longer time period (three weeks on, one off).

prevent haemorrhage due to its high Iron and vitamin K content. It can

help rebuild the kidneys, which are often stressed during herbal

abortion. It can also help relieve general stress, muscle spasms and

cramping and has an overall high level of vitamins and minerals.

preventing haemorrhage.

energy, mild depression symptoms.

Potential Risks

If you have any medical condition consult with a herbalist before using

any of these herbs. This is particularly important if you have high

blood pressure, epilepsy, diabetes, liver heart or kidney problems, and

IUD, or if you are prone to allergies. Also if you’ve had a recent

pelvic inflammatory disease or if you’re taking any other drugs as the

herbs may dangerously alter the way the drugs would normally work, or

aggravate the medical condition being treated wit the drugs.

Things that could go wrong

The most common problem with herbal abortion is that it fails to work.

There is no certainty that the herbs will work on everyone, no matter

how favourable the conditions are. If they don’t work for you, the

pregnancy should not be continued, as there is a serious risk of birth

defects and complications during pregnancy.

There are several other risks you should be aware of before deciding to

do a herbal abortion. Whilst these results are all possible, they are

uncommon. Successful abortion is a far more likely outcome than any of

the medical complications listed below.

the liver or even death can result from overdosing on some of these

herbs. Do not exceed dosages listed here unless directed by a herbalist.

Reduce dosages at any signs of toxicity. Do not ingest essential oils as

they can be fatally poisonous, as in the case of pennyroyal, essential

oils must only be used externally. Remember not to take herbs for more

than two weeks.

possible to bleed to death. Soaking a menstrual pad in one hour or less

is considered haemorrhage so seek medical attention.

inside the uterus, and it can cause several serious problems:The tissue

can putrefy causing uterine infection which, if untreated, can result in

sterility or even death. The first sign of infection will be fever

followed by abdominal pain.The uterus is unable to return to its normal

size causing haemorrhage to occur. This may manifest as mild bleeding

which lasts for an abnormally long time or very heavy or profuse

bleeding. Both of these situations need immediate medical attention.

Most often a clinical abortion will be performed to remove the remaining

tissue. In the case of haemorrhage a blood transfusion may be required.

In the case of infection, antibiotics will be issued.

tissue is expelled. Bleeding may only be slight or may only last for a

few hours or a couple of days. Symptoms of pregnancy will persist, and a

pregnancy test is still going to read positive even after a week. If you

still have time you can persist with the herbs (remember not to exceed

the 14 day maximum time). A sonogram from the doctor or clinic will

confirm if the embryo is still alive, but either way, you will need to

seek a clinical abortion.

considered with any pregnancy, not just with herbal abortion. It is when

the egg becomes stuck in the fallopian tube and begins to grow there

instead of the uterus. This is a life-threatening situation as the

growing egg may rupture the fallopian tube. If you experience sharp pain

in the abdomen on one side you must seek immediate medical attention.

Other things that could assist

Many of the stories of successful herbal abortions that I have read talk

of things you can do to assist your progress, and so I’ve collected

these tips together. This list is simply a list of things that I’ve

heard and feel should be included but are circumstantial, and so are not

as reliable as the rest on the information in this pamphlet. I realise

that some of these things are what you least feel like doing in the

early stages of pregnancy while you’re feeling nauseous and tired.

However, you are aiming to stop the body in it’s tracks, and so doing

things that work against the natural impulse to protect your pregnancy

is what is required of you. Almost all of the success stories I’ve heard

have mentioned using at least one of these tips.

contractions and many women swear that they were the key to ensuring a

successful abortion. It could also be the relaxation of, and the

improved circulation to the pelvic area associated with sex or

masturbation that is also helping. There is also evidence to suggest

that Oxytocin (the hormone which causes uterine contractions) is

released during orgasm. This tip has been repeated by such a large

number of sources that I have to believe there’s truth in it.

of sex is a good thing to do at this time — you can of course do it

during masturbation as well. The reason behind this one seems to be the

fact that oxytocin is released when the nipples are stimulated as it is

a hormone which also has a role in milk production.

Improving circulation will undoubtedly assist the herbs in their work,

whilst the motion and movement might be helping to dislodge the embryo

(I have heard nurses advising a woman to run up and down the stairs to

hasten the onset of her medical abortion (abortion pill)). Women have

talked of how exercise sends a message to the body that this is not a

good time to be pregnant. Generally being as physically active as

possible would assist sending this message.

be a factor in their success. This could be due to the fact that semen

contains a chemical to soften and open the cervix to help the semen

enter. However, I’ve also been told that this chemical is only present

in such small amounts that it’s not really useful for the purposes of

abortion. Either way, I don’t see how it could hinder! Frequent sex

could also be beneficial for many reasons including those stated above.

Maybe the general motion and stimulation of the cervix during

penetrative sex is somehow useful in assisting the dislodging of the

embryo.

promoting circulation, but water so hot that it burns you is not at all

necessary — women burning themselves in desperation is a common old

wives tale, there’s no benefit in doing it.

to use now. Some women believe that mentally focusing on releasing the

spirit of the embryo can help, also visualisation techniques involving

concentrating on the womb lining breaking down and blood flowing. It is

sometimes said that the power of a focused mind can be as powerful as

any medicine. Even if you don’t practice meditation, focusing on the

reasons for not being pregnant could be crucial during this time as it

is a difficult process that requires determination.

bring on, and assist in childbirth would be useful.

acupuncture session intended to relieve painful periods was instrumental

in a herbal abortion. The woman in question reported feeling

contractions during the session and abortion was successfully underway

very soon afterwards. I’ve also heard that accupressure points can be

stimulated in such a way as to induce abortion, but unfortunately I have

no direct reference for this.

muscles

and could be effective as part of the general idea that activity and

motion send your body the message that now is not a good time be

pregnant. I’ve heard of one woman who’s herbal abortion got underway

after an extremely bumpy ride in a 4x4 accross rough terrain.

Rh negative blood types

Accompanying everyone’s blood type is a positive or negative symbol

called the Rh factor, which denotes the presence of an antigen in the

red blood cells (if you are Rh+, you have the antigen, and if you are

Rh- you do not).

The following explanation applies to women who have Rh- blood types. I’m

not at all certain how likely a scenario it is but as it is taken

seriously by the medical profession, I am drawing it to your attention.

Isoimmunisation is a process whereby when a women who is Rh- has a

foetus with Rh+ blood and a minute amount of foetal blood mixes with her

own. The woman’s immune system reacts to the presence of the antigen in

the foetal blood, producing antibodies to attack foetal blood cells.

There is a chance of this blood mixing happening during abortion or

miscarriage. This has implications for any future pregnancies this woman

has, because if the foetus is Rh+ again, her antibodies would attack its

blood cells causing severe anaemia in the foetus. If you believe you may

want to have children at some point, you should consider this

possibility.

If you have Rh- blood type and you have a successful herbal abortion, it

would be a good idea to visit the doctor within 72 hours of staring to

bleed as they can give you an injection to stop you producing antibodies

(it does this by fooling the body into thinking it’s already produced

them).

I have read that foetal blood only produces it’s Rh antigen in the

11^(th) week of pregnancy, thus at the early stage we are talking about

there would be no risk of isoimmunisation. However, I have not confirmed

this fact and so would be very unsure about discounting any risk.

the herbal section

Dosages

The dosages I’ve given here are as precise as I can find. However, there

are many factors to be taken into consideration meaning that dosages can

never be exact. You must be prepared to use your own judgement and

intuition. Potencies of preparations can vary, some tinctures that you

buy are stronger than others are, and a herbs potency depends on factors

such as, quality, freshness and how it’s been stores. Different plants

of the same variety can also have varying amounts of any given chemical

because of naturally occurring factors. It is for this reason that when

beginning any herbal treatment you should start at the lowest in the

range of the dosages given, increasing or decreasing if necessary

depending on how you react, and whether you experience severe side

effects. Individuals may react differently to each other and personal

consideration can also play a part e.g. body weight, tolerance,

sensitivity.

Purchasing herbs

Herbs are best bought fresh, however, are much easier to find in their

dried form. When buying dried herbs, try to ensure their overall

freshness. Herbs should smell fresh (not musty or mouldy) and look fresh

(flowers and leaves still having their colour). Store herbs in airtight

containers away from direct sunlight.

First choice for buying herbs in an independent health food shop or

herbalist in your town. Chain stores like Culpepper and Neal’s Yard

usually carry a good range too. You will be able to buy the exact

quantity you want and be able to check the quality. If you cannot find a

supplier in your town you could use mail order or online suppliers. Make

sure that they have fast delivery before you order, as herbs that take

weeks to arrive are no good to you.

There are numerous mail order places in the UK that sell some of the

relevant dried herbs and even more that sell fresh herbs. However, we’ve

only listed ones we know do fast delivery and/or organic supplies.

including Dong Quai, Black Cohosh, Blue Cohosh, Rue, Pennyroyal,

Mugwort, Juniper, and Tansy.Fast delivery, online

orderingwww.baldwins.co.uksales@baldwins.co.ukShop: 171 Walworth Road,

London020 7703 5550 (9am-5.30pm, Mon-Sat)

invcluding Dong Quai, Blue Cohosh, Pennyroyal, Tansy and Rue and can

deliver in about 2–5 days. They work out reasonably cheap, but you have

to buy in large quantities.www.organicherbtrading.com01823 401205

organic)www.jekkasherbfarm.comfarm@jekkasherbfarm.com01454 418878

How to prepare herbs

basic guide for a standard decoction or infusion is 500ml of water to

30g of dried herb. Dosages given assume this ratio unless otherwise

stated.When using the fresh leaves or flowers you will need to use three

measures as opposed to one of dried (e.g. three spoonfuls instead of

one) to account for the extra water content in the herb. Woody stems and

roots don’t have a large water content and so the problem doesn’t arise.

when using leaves, flowers and non-woody stems of the herb. Infusions

are also used when the substances you wish to obtain from the herb are

readily soluble in water or boiling would destroy if the properties you

need.A simple infusion is made simply by boiling water and pouring it

over the herb, and then covering it and leaving it to steep for 10–15

mins (or whatever specific time period is specified for that herb). This

can be done in a teapot or in a large jar with a lid, then strained and

drunk. You can make enough for several doses in one go but infusions

deteriorate rapidly so need to be made fresh each day.To make a stronger

infusion use a strong airtight jar (Pyrex or thick glass is required).

Pour the boiling water into the jar over the herb and leave for four

hours at room temperature. The advantage of using a jar is that the tea

can then be carried around with to make it easier to take your doses.

hard fibrous material (e.g. roots and barks). The herb and water are

placed in a pan and simmered on a low heat (do not boil) for ten to

fifteen minutes, or for a time period appropriate to that herb. A lid on

the pan will ensure no volatile oils escape. Decoctions must be used

before they begin to ferment which can be 1–2 days or even a few months

if capped and placed in the fridge.

palatability of the brew and increase the shelf life for up to six

months. A syrup requires equal amounts (by weight) of sugar to decoction

(e.g. 250ml decoction to 250g sugar). Honey is twice as sweet as sugar

and needs half as much (e.g. 250ml decoction to 125g honey). Add the

sweetener to the hot liquid. Increase the heat until the brew is almost

boiling and then take it off the heat. Pour the hot syrup into a

sterilized bottle and cap it. Once cooled the syrup could be stored in

the fridge.

properties than water and also acts as a preservative. Home made

tinctures are probably not as useful in this situation as they take at

least two weeks to make (some people think they should be left for six

weeks or more), but you may wish to make tinctures to keep for emergency

situations as, if stored well, they can last several years.The

advantages of tinctures are that they have a long shelf life, are easier

to carry around, are more concentrated (so that you don’t need to ingest

as much fluid) and more potent.You will need to use alcohol of at least

30% (e.g. vodka) in order to have a high enough water/alcohol ratio, 50%

is ideal and will make a standard tincture (The dosages in this booklet

assume a standard tincture is being used). Higher percentages are much

more effective for extracting volatile oils and alkaloids. Use 125g of

dried herb or 250g of fresh herb. Pour 500ml alcohol onto the herb and

close the container tightly (an airtight container should be used). If

the herb and alcohol don’t all fit in the jar then you can top it up the

next day when some of the alcohol has been soaked up by the herb.Using a

500ml jar and keeping it topped up is a good idea because spoilage is

more likely if there is an air gap in the jar and any plant material is

exposed to it. Keep the container in a warm place away from strong

sunlight and shake well once a day for at least two weeks (although some

say at least six weeks). Decant the bulk of the liquid and strain the

residue through muslin (wringing out the last drop). Store the tincture

in a dark, airtight bottle with a dated label on it.

Vitamin C

(ascorbic acid)

Information about the use of vitamin C as an abortifacient has been

passed around the feminist community since the seventies. The Sister

Zeus website has numerous personal stories of woman who’ve used vitamin

C successfully, sometimes in combination with herbs, to terminate their

pregnancies.

Although vitamin C is not a herb, it’s one of the less toxic and most

easily found of anything available for terminating pregnancy. It also

has a good rate of effectiveness when compared with herbs used for the

same purpose.

Vitamin C can be used as an implantation inhibitor and as an

abortifacient:

As an implantation inhibitor: Vitamin C stimulates oestrogen and

inhibits progesterone which produces a very unfavourable climate within

the uterus. The result of this is that the egg will not implant itself

in the womb lining. (see ‘vitamin C as an emergency contraceptive’)

As an abortifacient: After implantation progesterone is still essential

for the continuing viability of pregnancy. This is because progesterone

is needed in order for the lining of the uterus to continue being

supportive of the fertilised egg and to prevent it from breaking down.

Vitamin C can and has produced abortion without the help of other herbs.

Joy Gardener writes “Don’t combine this remedy with other teas mentioned

(she mentions Pennyroyal and Blue Cohosh) because they may counteract

each other. Women who have used both remedies simultaneously have had

less favourable results than those who used only one at a time. This may

be because vitamin C is a powerful anti-toxin, so it could nullify the

effects of the herbs.” This is unconfirmed.

One combination that has been successfully used on several occasions is

vitamin C with Dong Quai and Parsley. Vitamin C starves the uterus of

progesterone, and then after 5 days Dong Quai is added to strengthen

uterine contractions and expel the embryo. Parsley relaxes and softens

the cervix.

The best type to use is Ascorbic acid, although Joy Gardner writes that

calcium ascorbate or sodium ascorbate are also ok. Pure vitamin C is

best, although any of the many vitamin C products would be acceptable.

Choosing the product with the fewer additional ingredients would be

best, so that you avoid taking large amounts of sugar, flavourings and

other chemicals. It is suspected that bioflavinoids are added to vitamin

C to protect against miscarriage. It is essential therefore to choose a

product that contains no bioflavinoids. Rosehip is a bioflavinoid and

should also be avoided.

Dosage

A range of dosages have been suggested from 6 grams per day to twelve

grams per day. From reading the personal accounts of herbal abortion on

the Sister Zeus website it seems that most success stories involve the

higher doses. I would advise taking 10 — 12 grams per day.

You should divide your total grams for the day into equal doses equally

spaced throughout the day, and as many times during the night as you can

manage.

Safety

Anyone with sensitive kidneys or any kind of kidney problems should not

use vitamin C. This is because excess amounts of vitamin C in the body

are eliminated through the kidneys which can put them under strain.

People who take anti-coagulants (e.g. aspirin), who have sickle cell

anaemia, or have difficulty metabolising vitamin C should consult a

doctor before taking mega-doses of vitamin C.

Possible side effects

Most of the serious side effects involved with such high doses of

vitamin C are only applicable if such doses are sustained over a long

period. The 14 day usage we are talking about here mean that they are

unlikely to occur.

Abdominal cramps, hot flushes, rashes, constipation, gas and diarrhoea,

headache, fatigue, acid stomach and kidney irritation may occur.

www.mothernature.com have the following information about the safety of

vitamin C:

“Vitamin C is non toxic at levels in excess of the RDA. Some individuals

develop diarrhoea from taking approx. 2,000 to 5,000 mg per day, while

even higher levels do not bother others. High levels of vitamin C can

deplete the body of the essential mineral copper, so take a

copper-containing multinutrient formula if you’re mega dosing on C. High

doses of vitamin C may also increase the risk of kidney stones in some

people, although studies indicate that those who do not have a history

of kidney stones, severe kidney disease or gout are not at risk. Because

vitamin C may increase iron absorption, check with a doctor if you

suffer from iron overload and want to take high doses of vitamin C.”

Joy Gardner expresses concerns that high doses of vitamin C makes the

kidneys used to excreting large quantities of vitamin C result in a

deficiency when high does are stopped. She suggests gradually decreasing

doses over the course of three days.

Vitamin C as an Emergency Contraceptive

Two 500mg tablets (non-chewable) should be placed inside the vagina

immediately following unprotected sex or condom rupture and repeated

twice a day for three days. This increases the acid levels in the vagina

which should kill off the sperm. There is no guarantee that this will be

100% effective but it would greatly decrease the chances of sperm making

it to the egg. This may cause irritation; soothe with Aloe Vera.

Vitamin C can also be taken internally as an emergency contraceptive

during the time between conception and when menstruation is expected.

Sister Zeus does not believe it is as effective as the morning-after

pill, but it can be used if you are too late to use it (longer than 72

hours since conception). Follow the same procedure as using vitamin C as

an abortifacient above. The menstrual cycle has to complete itself, so

bleeding will not begin much earlier than usual as a result of taking

vitamin C.

Dong Quai or Chinese Angelica

(Angelica Sinesis)

Chinese, American and European angelica are three different plants of

the same variety. The Chinese variety, dong quai, is the most

scientifically researched of the group and reported to be the best for

use in herbal abortion. American and European varieties, while not as

well researched, both have reputations for having similar effects and

have been used by herbalists for generations. Angelica root decoction

syrup is reportedly used by some midwives to bring out the placenta

after labour. Dong Quai’s name can be written as ‘dong’ or ‘dang’, and

‘quai’, ‘quoi’ or ‘gui’.

The root is often referred to as ‘female ginseng’ and is described as

having an affinity with the female constitution. Dong Quai has two very

different effects on the uterus; it has the ability to stimulate

contractions, and also to relax the uterus and thereby inhibit

contractions. This effect depends on how you prepare the herb.

Dong Quai’s relaxing effect on the uterus comes from volatile oils

contained in the root. Volatile means the oils are easily destroyed.

When the aim is to capture them, brew an infusion. The relaxing effect

of Dong Quai is useful for dysmenorrhoea (painful menstruation).

When the aim is to stimulate strong co-ordinated, regular contractions

in order to bring on delayed menstruation or cause miscarriage/abortion,

then a decoction is used. The simmering of the herb destroys the oils,

thus leaving just the uterine stimulating properties.

There is disagreement as to whether a tincture is useful or not. Sister

Zeus says that a tincture is useful as the volatile oils are not

extracted into it. Uni Tiamat states that alcohol-based preparations

(such as tinctures) only produce the uterine relaxing effect. I haven’t

been able to resolve this contradiction, so I’d advise sticking to a

decoction or a syrup of a decoction.

Dosage

The root is the part used. Look for quality products containing only the

root. Do not use the fresh herb, only use it dried. Toxins present in

the fresh root are eliminated by the drying process.

Decoction: Simmer the chopped dried root in a covered pan for 15–30

minutes. Drink a 250ml cup every three to four hours.

Tincture: 5–15 drops in a cup of warm water every four hours (although

some sources say not to use it this way).

Capsules: From reports on the Sister Zeus website, an effective dose

seems to be 1,000mg every four hours.

Safety

People with a history of cancer or who are at risk of heart attack

shouldn’t use this herb. If you take blood-thinning agents like aspirin

do not use dong quai or other angelica as these have a tendency to

increase bleeding.

Possible side effects

The one that’s most concerning is the tendency to increase bleeding.

This raises concern when this herb is used to end pregnancy as it can

increase the risk for haemorrhage. If you decide to use this herb, pay

particular attention to how much you are bleeding. To decrease the risk

of haemorrhage, discontinue use of dong quai (or other angelica) once

bleeding is established.

Angelicas are phototoxic, this means if you are exposed to strong

sunlight after using the herb you may develop a rash. Insomnia may also

be a side effect. If you experience laboured breathing or weak and rapid

pulse reduce the dosage. Other possible side effects are dilated pupils

and stomach pain.

Blue Cohosh

(Caulophyllum thalictroides)

Blue cohosh is a powerful herb from North America which has a wide

variety of uses. Native American Chippewa wise-women used a strong

decoction for contraceptive purposes. It is famed for its ability to

trigger and hasten childbirth and deliver the placenta.

Blue cohosh is often used alone or in combination with other herbs for

the regulation of the menstrual cycle and to ease painful menstrual

cramps. It is also used in formulas to treat endometriosis chlamydia and

cervical dysplasia. As a uterine tonic, it nourishes and revitalises the

uterine tissue in a variety of circumstances, including after pregnancy,

miscarriage, abortion or coming off the Pill.

Blue cohosh contains at least two substances that cause the uterus to

contract; oxytocin (a hormone produced during childbirth) and

caulosaponin, a unique substance found only in blue cohosh.

It is also an oestrogen herb, meaning it contains oestrogen-like

substances and can have oestrogen-like side effects (those with

oestrogen-dependant tumours should not use this herb). If you are not

supposed to use the Pill then you should not use this herb unless under

the guidance of your herbalist.

It is commonly used with pennyroyal (an abortifacient) and/or black

cohosh which helps soften the cervix and relax the os (the muscular

opening of the cervix). It also encourages co-ordinated uterine

contractions and according to some sources black cohosh is used to

temper the intensity of blue cohosh’s contractibility.

Susan Weed has a high opinion of Blue cohosh when it comes to

terminating pregnancy and spoke of using blue cohosh alone, although

Sister Zeus thinks it’s better in combination.

Dosage

The root is the part of the plant to use. Some sources state that the

abortifacient qualities of this herb is best extracted in alcohol, avoid

glycerine based-based tinctures.

Uni Tiamat gives these dosages:

Decoction: Simmer for 20–30 minutes, 125ml-250ml three to four times a

day.

Tincture: ½ to 1½ teaspoons, three to four times a day.

Joy Gardener writes about pennyroyal and blue cohosh:

Put two tablespoons of blue cohosh, two tablespoons of pennyroyal and

two tablespoons of peppermint (to improve the taste, may have some mild

emmenagogue qualities) into a large jar. Boil 1½ litres of water and

pour over the herbs, cap tightly, steep for 20 minutes. Add honey if

desired. Drink in 5 to 6 doses throughout the day. She adds,

‘menstruation should start by the sixth day. Bleeding should be not more

than double your normal amount for the first day or two.’ She notes that

American pennyroyal is stronger than European.

Susan Weed gives these doses

Blue cohosh should be taken as a tincture, 20 drops of tincture in a cup

of warm water every four hours.

OR 20 drops each of blue cohosh tincture, black cohosh tincture and

pennyroyal tincture (NOT the essential oil). Drink slowly in a cup of

warm water every four hours.

OR 2 tablespoons of dried blue cohosh root, 2 tablespoons of dried tansy

and 3 tablespoons of dried pennyroyal leaves. Put a litre of water in a

pan with the blue cohosh and bring to the boil. Put the other herbs into

a large strong jar and pour on the just-boiled blue cohosh mix. Tightly

screw on the lid and leave for thirty minutes. Reheat to drink. If you

want to use a tincture just miss out boiling the herb (but still boil

the water) and add 20 drops of tincture to the cup of tea when reheated.

She advises a maximum of five days of these treatments.

Safety

Caulosaponin (present in blue cohosh) also has the action of narrowing

the arteries to the heart so if you have a history of high or low blood

pressure, heart disease or stroke then you shouldn’t use this herb.

Anyone with diabetes, glaucoma or kidney damage should consult a

herbalist.

Blue cohosh is an oestrogenic herb and has oestrogen-like side effects,

eg abnormal blood clotting, liver problems and oestrogen-dependant

tumours. Do not use if you’ve been advised no to take the Pill.

Possible side effects

Pain in the limbs, vomiting, pounding headaches. Reduce doses if you

experience these. Blue cohosh, like many of the abortifacient herbs, can

be taxing on the kidneys. To redress this, Uni Tiamat recommends

drinking nettle tea as part of your abortion aftercare.

Rue

(ruta graveolens)

Rue has been historically used as a tea to induce miscarriage by women

all over the world from the Mediterranean and Europe to Latin America

and North America. Rue contains two chemicals that we know have the

ability to cause abortion during early pregnancy. One is philocarpine,

which is used in veterinary medicine as an abortifacient for horses, the

other is rutin (or vitamin P) which hardens bones and teeth and

strengthens arteries and veins. Rutin decreases capillary permeability

in the uterine tissues, which causes the womb lining to become

non-nutritive to the fertilised egg. Rutin is sometimes available

separately in capsule form.

Dosage

Infusion: 1–3 teaspoons per cup, 3 to 4 times daily. Boil the water

first then pour boiled water over the dried herb. Do not boil the herb

in water as this destroys the herb’s properties. Steep for ten minutes.

Tincture: 5–15 drops, 3 to 4 times a day.

Capsules: 1–4, 3 to 4 times a day.

Safety

People who have heart, liver or kidney problems shouldn’t use rue.

Possible side Effects

Rue is a very strong herb, stimulating the uterus and nervous system.

Rue/Rutin should not be used in excess or on a prolonged basis as it can

cause kidney irritation and liver degeneration. The essential oil is

highly toxic and should never be used internally. When using rutin read

the label. Using rutin capsules may make you feel anxious or fearful due

to its effect of keeping adrenaline in the bloodstream. Reduce dosage if

you experience severe stomach pain, vomiting or convulsions.

Pennyroyal

American pennyroyal (hedeoma pulegoides)

European pennyroyal (Mentha pulegium)

During American colonial times a tablespoon of brewers yeast was

frequently added to a freshly brewed cup of pennyroyal tea to induce

abortion. This combination is mentioned in King’s American Dispensatory

in the late 1800s as ‘reputed to be a safe and effective abortifacient’.

Pennyroyal is a well-known abortifacient which causes the uterine

muscles to contract. It is said to be very effective and is sometimes

combined with Blue Cohosh or mugwort.

European pennyroyal is also known as Creeping Pennyroyal, Pudding Grass

or Cunningham Mint, with the taller version known as Upright Pennyroyal.

Joy Gardener notes that American pennyroyal is stronger than European.

Dosage

The leaves and flower tops are the part used, and are effective as an

infusion, or as a tincture added to hot water. No more than four cups

(250ml each) a day, for no more than five days. Blue Cohosh can be mixed

to help with cramping; three recipes including pennyroyal are listed

under Blue Cohosh.

Infusion: Steep 15–30 minutes, 75ml-200ml every three to four hours.

Tincture: 20–60 drops (¼ to 1 teaspoon) every three to four hours.

If you have access to the fresh pennyroyal herb you can make an oil

infusion by soaking the fresh herb in olive oil. This preparation is

also for external use, it may be rubbed into the soles of the feet and

into the abdomen. There are uterine points on the Achilles tendon —

massaging them with pennyroyal-infused oil may also be helpful by

encouraging uterine contractions. The oil infusion is not as

concentrated as the essential oil, it will not irritate the skin and

more liberal amounts may be used.

Safety

The essential oil of pennyroyal should NEVER be used internally even n

small amounts: it is a deadly poison and it is not a pleasant way to

die. The essential oil may be used externally only, but as it is

extremely potent it can cause skin irritation. The tea poses little to

no fatality hazard. Uni Tiamat writes, ‘I have found pennyroyal leaf

infusion to be very effective and safe in my own herbal abortion

experience. Anyone with kidney disease or damage should not use

pennyroyal’. Also, those with a history of kidney stones should avoid

pennyroyal. She notes that if you have not had results by one week then

discontinue, as extended use may damage the central nervous system,

kidneys and liver.

All abortifacients can be taxing on the kidneys and liver. Anyone with

health problems, especially with the liver and kidneys, should consult

with a herbalist or midwife before using any of these herbs.

Possible side effects

Nausea, numbness in extremities, dizziness, sweating. Too much is highly

toxic and the essential oil is deadly. The most common side effect with

this herb seems to be nausea, reportedly affecting the majority of women

who use it. So if you choose to use pennyroyal then be aware of this,

plan to take it easy and expect not to feel your best.

Wild Carrot seeds

(Daucus carota)

Whilst the Latin name is the same for the wild as for the cultivated

carrot, the plant is a different variety that commonly grows in hedges

and verges all over the UK. The seeds will either have to be gathered

from wild or bought from plant suppliers (but be very careful to specify

wild carrot seeds) as they are not available from herbal stockists. Be

aware that non-organic seed suppliers may have treated the seeds with

chemicals to increase their germination rates.

The Wild Carrot is also known as Queen Anne’s Lace in America (and

therefore in a lot of the reference for wild carrot as a contraceptive

and abortifacient). In the UK Queen Anne’s Lace is also sometimes the

common name for Cow Parsley, (anthriscus sylvestris) which is a

different plant and does not have the same properties. They are both

from the same family and have similar flowers. To gather Wild Carrot

seeds yourself you will need to find a good field guide to ensue correct

identification as several poisonous look-alike occur in the carrot

family. However, there is a reliable way to tell it apart from it’s look

alikes, and that is the distinctive bristly hairs on it’s stem (hence

the old saying ‘as sure as the hairs on Queen Anne’s legs’)

Wild carrot seeds have been used for centuries by women all over the

world, and their effects have also recently been verified by scientific

study. Substances within the seeds have been shown to block progesterone

synthesis in pregnant animals. The substance (an antiprogestin) blocks

the receptor sites for progesterone in the womb lining, thus depriving

the womb of the progesterone that is needed to form a supportive

environment to the fertilised egg.

Wild Carrot seeds have a reputation as an effective implantation

inhibitor and have been used successfully as an emergency contraceptive.

They are also renowned as a natural contraceptive method. In order to

successfully use the seeds as a contraceptive you will need to monitor

your menstrual cycles and be able to predict when you will ovulate.

Seeds would be taken throughout your fertile period to prevent

pregnancy, and although I would not regard this as a fail-safe method I

have read reports from women who swear by it.

Dosage

Chew one teaspoon of Wild Carrot seeds per day washed down with water.

(you must chew the seeds thoroughly otherwise they will pass through

your system without being digested.)

They can be used in several ways:

enough to prevent pregnancy, but modern herbal wisdom states that you

should continue for 7–10 days.

six days following ovulation.

Safety

Women with a history of kidney or gall stones should consult a herbalist

before using this herb.

Anyone taking the contraceptive pill, any other oestrogen medication

should avoid these herbs, as should anyone who’s been advised against

taking estrogenic medication (like the contraceptive pill).

Possible side effects

The majority of women report no side effects with this herb, although if

constipation occurs, increase the amount of water taken. As Wild Carrot

is an oestrogenic herb it can have oestrogen related side effects e.g.

abnormal blood clotting, liver problems, and oestrogen dependant

tumours.

Further reading on Wild Carrot seeds:

Carrot Museum at www.carrotmuseum.com and follow the link for ‘Wild’.

Tansy

(Tanacetum Vulgare)

Tansy is best known for its insect repellent qualities but has been

reported since the eleventh century as having emmenagogual powers. It’s

a fairly toxic plant containing the chemical thujone which causes

uterine contractions but is also a brian stimulant. Whilst this herb

must be used with caution, it is safe as long as doses are not exceeded.

Susan Weed reports it to be successful at inducing abortion even when

menstruation is several weeks late. It is possible (although

unconfirmed) that tansy and vitamin C cancel each other out, so they

shouldn’t be used together.

The amount of thujone present in tansy is highly variable and some

plants can contain no traces of it while others produce oil up to 95%

thujone. Therefore with every new batch, start out at a low dose in

order to test your sensitivity, watching closely for side effects, and

increase the dose if necessary.

Dosage

Dosage is contained in one of the recipes given in the blue cohosh

section where it is used along with pennyroyal. Tansy can also be used

on its own.

Infusion: Steep for 30 minutes. Use ½-1 teaspoon of dried herb per cup,

three to four times per day, for up to seven days.

Tincture: Ÿ-ž teaspoon in warm water, three to four times a day.

Safety

Anyone prone to epileptic seizures should not use tansy or any other

herb containing thujone. Never ingest essential oils — tansy is

particularly toxic.

Possible side effects

Nausea, vomiting, inflammation of stomach lining, dilated pupils,

weakened or rapid pulse. Tansy has been known to cause temporary lumps

in breasts. Tansy can cause women who usually menstruate very heavily to

haemorrhage. It is phototoxic, so the user may develop skin rash or

blistering in strong sunlight. As with several other herbs in this

pamphlet, tansy could cause birth defects if the pregnancy were carried

to term.

Mugwort

(Artemisia Vulgaris)

Mugwort is a well known around the world as a menstrual promoter but not

much has been written about its powers as an abortifacient. Like Tansy

and juniper, it contains the uterine contractor chemical thujone, and so

is fairly toxic.

Dosage

The leaves are the part of the plant used. Uni Tiamat writes that it’s

best when used ten days prior to the onset of menstruation and that it’s

often combined with pennyroyal or ginger.

Infusion: Steep for 15–20 minutes, take 1 teaspoon-1 tablespoon four to

six times a day.

Tincture: 30–60 drops (½-1 teaspoon) four to six times a day.

Safety

Nobody prone to epileptic seizures should use this herb or any other

herb containing thujone. Thujone is a teratogen and could cause severe

birth defects if the pregnancy were carried to term.

Possible side effects

Large prolonged doses (over two weeks) are said to injure the nervous

system.

Juniper

(Juniperus Communis)

Juniper works as a uterine stimulant and, like mugwort and tansy, it

contains thujone so it is fairly toxic. It has a long history as an

abortifacient — the stereotypical use of a bottle of gin is derived from

the fact of gin being a form of week juniper tuncture!

One source claims that juniper is best used either in the first two

weeks of pregnancy or in the first few days after a missed period.

Juniper is reputed to work as an implantation inhibitor as well as an

abortifacient and has a reputation as a contraceptive.

Dosage

Sometimes combined with Rue.

The berries and leaves are used.

Infusion: (ripe berries) Steep for 10–20 minutes. Take 60–80 mls 2–3

times a day

(leaves) steep for 10–20 ins take 1–3 tablespoons 2–3 times a day

Tincture: (ripe berries) 5–20 drops, 2–3 times a day

Oil: 1–3 drops 2–3 times a day

The root may have implantation-inhibiting properties but I have no

reference for appropriate doses.

Fully grown but unripe berries are said to contain higher concentrations

of essential oil and so dosages should be reduced if making preparations

with them.

Safety

Anyone with an existing kidney complaint or nerve damage should not use

juniper. As juniper contains thujone it should not be used by anyone

prone to epileptic seizures.

Possible side effects

Juniper may interfere with the absorption of iron and other essential

minerals. May increase the volume of urine and give the urine the odour

of violets. Has a tendency to irritate the kidneys (follow up with

nettle tea to soothe kidneys after using Juniper).

Cotton Root Bark

(Gossypium Hirsutum)

Cotton root bark has a long history as an abortifacient amongst Native

American and African women. It is thought to have been used extensively

among slave women in cotton plantations in the USA after rape by slave

owners.

Cotton root contains gossypol, a substance sold in China for its ability

to reduce the male sperm count.

Chinese researchers have found that cotton root bark definitely contains

elements with the ability to disrupt pregnancy. It seems to work in two

ways. Firstly it acts on the corpus luteum which is a small yellow body

formed in the ovary that secretes progesterone to prepare the womb

lining for pregnancy. Cotton root disrupts this production of

progesterone. The second effect is that it increases receptor sites on

oxytocin-sensitive cells, in other words it increase the effect of

oxytocin, a hormone which causes uterine contractions.

The main problem with cotton root bark is that it’s very hard to obtain.

Commercially grown cotton should not be used as it is sprayed with

highly toxic chemicals, as the root is not intended for consumption. Use

only organically grown cotton.

Dosage

Decoction: 100g of dried cotton root bark to 1 litre of water. Boil for

20–30 minutes until liquid is reduced to half. Take 2–4 tablespoons

every 30–60 minutes.

Tincture: 1–4 teaspoons every 30–60 minutes.

Possible side effects

Susan Weed calls it ‘the safest and most certain herbal abortifacient’.

Although tests have shown prolonged use can be harmful (atrophy of the

uterine lining), for the times we’re talking about here (no more than 14

days) this shouldn’t be a problem.

Parsley

(petroselinum crispum)

Parsley is a mild emmenagogue (a stimulator of menstruation). It works

like a charm for starting menstruation when pregnancy is not the cause

for delay.

To assist herbal abortion

For terminating a pregnancy, parsley is a helper herb, relaxing the

cervix to aid in the release of material from the womb. When used by

itself it will not cause abortion. It can be used as a tea or as a

pessary and combines well with vitamin C (ascorbic acid).

Parsley Pessary (vaginal insert)

This is a commonly used method. It directly affects the cervix,

softening it, helping it to open to prepare for release. Take 2–4 sprigs

of parsley, rinse and remove the larger part of the stem just below the

first leaf joint. After rinsing them, push them inside the vagina as far

back as you can, placing them against the cervix. They will feel bulky

at first, but they will often soften from your body heat. Change it

every twelve hours. To remove the pessary, reach inside with your first

two fingers and scoop out the softened herb, look for any blood, then

discard. Replace with fresh parsley. You could also tie a string around

the stems before insertion to assist in removal.

Making tea from parsley

Whenever available, use the fresh herb. It is readily available in

greengrocers and supermarkets. Fill a small to medium sized pan with

water and bring to the boil. Remove from the heat and add a handful or

two of chopped parsley, cover tightly and let it steep for 20–30

minutes. Strain the tea and compost the herb material. The resulting tea

is green in colour. If you don’t like the taste you can sweeten it

and/or add milk.

Safety

Parsley is not toxic, but it should not be used by people with

inflammatory kidney problems or other kidney conditions.

There are no reported side effects.

Black Cohosh

(Cimicifuga racemosa)

This is an anti-spasmodic herb often used in conjunction with blue

cohosh. Black cohosh is unlikely to cause abortion unless combined with

other herbs. It is a helper herb, helping to prepare the cervix to

release the contents of the uterus. It is often combined with blue

cohosh, and it also combines well with vitamin C and dong quai.

Black cohosh is valuable for treating PMT, menstrual cramps, hormonal

imbalances and menopause symptoms. It also has a balancing effect on

hormone production, particularly oestrogen.

Dosage

The root is the part used.

Decoction: simmer 1–4 tablespoons for 5–15 minutes, 3–4 times a day.

Tincture: ¼-1 teaspoon, 3–4 times a day.

Capsules: Dosages can be in the range of 500mg-1,000mg every four hours.

Infusion: Steep 2 teaspoons in 500ml of water. Take 2–3 tablespoons 6

times a day.

Safety

Black cohosh can depress heart rate. Anyone with any type of heart

disease should not use this herb. Due to its oestrogenic properties,

this herb should not be taken by anyone who has been advised not to take

the Pill. Black cohosh should not be combined with anti-depressants.

Possible side effects

Dizziness, diarrhoea, nausea, headaches, shakes, low pulse, vomiting.

Side effects possible with prolonged use may include uterine irritation,

abdominal pain, abnormal blood clotting (which could cause problems when

using herbs to end pregnancy, such as possible haemorrhage), liver

problems. Because of its oestrogenic properties, it may also encourage

oestrogen-dependant tumours.

However, in five different studies using doses equivalent to 40 mg/day

of crude herb there were no case reports of toxic effects from the herb,

and there appears to be no specific toxicity associated with any of its

known constituents. A few side effects were noted; dizziness, headache

and weight gain.

Ginger Root

(Zinzibar Officinalis)

This is a helper herb, not potent enough to cause abortion in its own.

Its readily available as a foodstuff and extremely effective at bringing

on menstruation when not pregnant. Susan Weed calls it ‘one of the

strongest and fastest acting emmenagogues’.

Ginger is believed to be very good at enhancing the effectiveness of any

other herbs with which it is combined.

Dosage

The root is used.

Decoction: Simmer for 15–30 minutes. Take 2–4 tablespoons, 4–6 times a

day.

Tincture: 1–4 drops, 4–6 times a day.

Possible side effects

Can be nauseating in large doses.

Section 3

Bibliography

Hoffman, David. 1996. ‘The Holistic Herbal — A Safe and Practical Guide

to Making and Using Herbal Remedies’ Element Books (an imprint of Harper

Collins). ISBN 0-00-713301-4

Chalker, Rebecca & Downer, Carol. 1992. ‘A Woman’s book of choices —

Abortion, Menstrual Extraction, RU486’ Four Walls Eight Windows. ISBN

0-941423-86-7

Culpepper, Nicholas. First published 1649, 1983 edition edited by David

Potterton. ‘Culpepper’s Colour Herbal’ W. Foulsham & Co. Ltd. ISBN

0-572-01153-0

Riddle, John M. 1997. ‘Eve’s Herbs — A History of Contraception and

Abortion in the West’ Harvard University Press. ISBN 0-674-27026-6

Tiamat, Uni M. 1994. ‘Herbal Abortion — The fruit of the Tree of

Knowledge’ Sage-Femme. ISBN 0-964520-3-7 (available from Sage-Femme 3457

N. University, Suite 120, Peoria, IL 61604–1322, USA)

Weed, Susan S. 1996. ‘Wise Woman Herbal For the Childbearing Year’ Ash

Tree Publishing. ISBN 0-9614620-0-0 Although this book is mainly about

herbs for pregnancy and childbirth it has a chapter at the beginning

about herbs to terminate pregnancy

The following book is quoted in this pamphlet but I’ve not actually been

able to find a copy of it. Anything I’ve got from it has been through

other sources.

Gardner, Joy 1985. ‘Abortion — A Personal Approach’ Heal Yourself Press,

Seattle, Washington, USA

Websites

Sister Zeus ‘Fertility Awareness, Herbs affecting the Menstrual Cycle,

Herbal Contraception & Herbal Abortion’ This is a very comprehensive

website containing huge amounts of useful information. There is no other

website like it. The section where women give their personal accounts of

herbal abortion (called ‘Sharing our wisdom’) is an invaluable read

www.sister_zeus.com

Herbal Fertility Control: Contraception and Abortion

www.orgonelab.org/contracep.htm

Email Support Group

This is for women going through herbal abortion and women who want to

support these women. This is an invaluable group providing support on a

practical and emotional level. There are several women very experienced

in guiding people through herbal abortion and many who’ve recently been

through it themselves. I strongly recommend joining this group, as you

will then have women on hand to answer any questions or concerns you may

have.

http://groups.yahoo.com/group/herbal_abortion_support

glossary

Abortifacient — Any substance that has the ability to terminate

pregnancy. A term used to describe any strong Emmenagogue.

Antispasmodic — Relieves, or prevents spasms. Relaxes smooth muscles

like the uterus and the intestines.

Cervix — neck of the uterus located at the top of the vagina (cervical —

of, or relating to, the cervix)

Chorionic Villi — Root-like structures of the fertilised eggs cell

membrane, which attach to the uterus and from the placenta.

Corpus luteum — A yellow body which develops in the ovary after the

release of the egg. It only remains in existence if pregnancy has begun.

Decoction — A water-based herbal preparation where the water and herb

are simmered on the heat together in a pan. The recipe for a standard

decoction id given on page 25.

Ectopic Pregnancy — When the fertilised egg begins to develop outside

the womb (e.g. in the fallopian tube) which can be very serious as the

growing egg could rupture the fallopian tube.

Embryo — Human offspring in the first eight weeks from conception

Emmenagogue — Any substance that induces or hastens menstruation. In

this pamphlet it’s taken to mean a substance that is not strong enough

to cause abortion by itself but could induce menstruation if pregnancy

is not the cause (i.e. weak emmenagogues). There is overlap with the

term abortifacient as all abortifacients are emmenagogues, but not all

emmenagogues are abortifacients.

Fallopian tube — Either of the two muscular hollow arms of the uterus

that guide the egg to the uterus. Fertilisation usually occurs in the

fallopian tubes.

Foetus — A human offspring more than eight weeks since conception.

Haemorrhage — Profuse bleeding.

Infusion — A water-based herbal preparation where the water is boiled

first and then poured over the herb. The recipe foe a standard infusion

is given on page 25.

Oestrogen — A female hormone.

Os — The muscular opening to the uterus

Ovary — One of the pair of female reproductive glands that produces eggs

Ovulation — The releasing of eggs from the ovary. This happens on a

cyclical basis as part of the woman’s menstrual cycle.

Oxytocin — A hormone that induces contractions of the uterus.

Placenta — An organ which connects the foetus to the uterus, passing

nourishment to it through the umbilical cord.

Progesterone — A hormone produced by the corpus luteum causing the

uterine wall to become thicker and act as a fertile bed for the egg.

Steep — To soak in liquid

Teratogen — A substance that causes malformation of an embryo.

Tincture — A herbal preparation where the active ingredients of a plant

are extracted in alcohol. The recipe for a standard tincture is given on

page 26.

Uterus — the womb (uterine — of, or relating to, the womb)

Appendix Survey of Health Authorities 1999

Carried out by the Abortion Law Reform Assocation

Criteria set by health authorities for NHS abortion

BARNET: Priority categories for access to NHS abortion:

NB. these criteria are frequently not adhered to because of the weekly

quota system which operates at Barnet hospital. Appointments are

allocated on a first come first served basis. Cases are not referred for

clinical adjudication and appointments are allocated by the telephone

appointments secretary who cannot exercise clinical discretion.

CROYDON:

EAST SUSSEX, BRIGHTON & HOVE:

receives income support, family credit, job seekers allowance or

disability benefits)

considered home is within the Health Authority boundaries

currently residing in the following forms of temporary accommodation —

bed & breakfast, women’s refuges, hostels

expectant mothers in an oppressive relationship where their partner

closely scrutinises or heavily restricts financial expenditure

as a direct result of their pregnancy.

NORTH WEST LANCASHIRE: (for non-NHS providers)

Act

SHROPSHIRE:

of three throughout her pregnancy, and who was finding it difficult to

cope

ill health or significant learning difficulties

risk of neglect or abuse

nurtured

WALSALL:

WILTSHIRE:

WOLVERHAMPTON:

Current NHS funding criteria —

service are NOT accepted unless there are EXCEPTIONAL circumstances.

Proposed new criteria for financial year 2000–2001 -

Intrauterine system, Depo-Provera (within 13 weeks of last injection),

Contraceptive Pill, Implant, Condom failure.

support for the potential child with a significant risk that they would

become or remain socially excluded. Some examples (and this list is not

exclusive) include she:

divorced

illness

the pregnant woman has experienced:

e.g.

pregnancy