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<TITLE>Apple II Programming Info.</TITLE>
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<P><FONT SIZE="7"><B>Programming Info.</FONT></B><BR>
<HR>
<BR>
<BR>
<BR>
DOS 3.3 COMMANDS<BR>
APPEND CATALOG EXEC INT MON PR# SAVE<BR>
BLOAD CHAIN FP LOAD NOMON READ UNLOCK<BR>
BRUN CLOSE IN# LOCK OPEN RENAME WRITE<BR>
BSAVE DELETE INIT MAXFILES POSITION RUN VERIFY<BR>
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________<BR>
<BR>
APPLESOFT BASIC RESERVED WORDS<BR>
ABS DEL HCOLOR= LEFT$ ON REM SIN TRACE<BR>
AND DIM HGR LEN ONERR RESTORE SPC( USR<BR>
ASC DRAW HGR2 LET OR RESUME SPEED= VAL<BR>
AT END HIMEM: LIST PDL RETURN SQR VLIN<BR>
ATN EXP HLIN LOAD PEEK RIGHT$ STEP VTAB<BR>
CALL FLASH HOME LOG PLOT RND STOP WAIT<BR>
CHR$ FN HPLOT LOMEM: POKE ROT= STORE XPLOT<BR>
CLEAR FOR HTAB MID$ POP RUN STR$ XDRAW<BR>
COLOR= FRE IF NEW POS SAVE TAB( &<BR>
CONT GET IN# NEXT PRINT SCALE= TAN ?<BR>
COS GOSUB INPUT NORMAL PR# SCRN( TEXT<BR>
DATA GOTO INT NOT READ SGN THEN<BR>
DEF GR INVERSE NOTRACE RECALL SHLOAD TO<BR>
<BR>
<BR>
INTEGER BASIC RESERVED WORDS<BR>
ABS CON GOTO LET NOTRACE PRINT SGN VTAB<BR>
AND DEL GR LIST ON PR# STEP XPLOT<BR>
ASC DIM HLIN LOAD OR REM TAB( &<BR>
AT DSP TAB( MAN PDL RETURN TEXT ?<BR>
AUTO END IF MOD PEEK RND THEN<BR>
CALL FOR IN# NEW PLOT RUN TO<BR>
CLR FP INPUT NEXT POKE SAVE TRACE<BR>
COLOR= GOSUB LEN NOT POP SCRN( VLIN<BR>
<BR>
<BR>
EQUIVALENT INTEGER BASIC COMMANDS<BR>
INTEGER BASIC<BR>
APPLESOFT EQUIVALENT<BR>
CLEAR..........CLR<BR>
CONT...........CON<BR>
HTAB...........TAB<BR>
HOME...........CALL -936<BR>
FLASH..........POKE 50,63<BR>
INVERSE........POKE 50,127<BR>
NORMAL.........POKE 50,255<BR>
<>.............#<BR>
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________<BR>
<BR>
SYMBOLS<BR>
SYMBOL<BR>
\/ WHAT IT STANDS FOR<BR>
] Applesoft BASIC prompt $ hex number prefix<BR>
> Integer BASIC prompt @ octal number prefix<BR>
- Monitor prompt ' ASCII character prefix<BR>
! mini-assembler prompt # immediate addressing<BR>
? usual INPUT prompt in a BASIC program () indirect addressing<BR>
& ampersand . assembler directive<BR>
^ exponentiation<BR>
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________<BR>
<BR>
SOFT SWITCHES<BR>
POKE (-16304,0) 49232,0 Graphics<BR>
POKE (-16303,0) 49233,0 Text<BR>
<BR>
POKE (-16302,0) 49234,0 Full Screen Graphics<BR>
POKE (-16301,0) 49235,0 Split Screen Text/Graphics<BR>
<BR>
POKE (-16300,0) 49236,0 Page One<BR>
POKE (-16299,0) 49237,0 Page Two<BR>
<BR>
POKE (-16298,0) 49238,0 Lo-Res<BR>
POKE (-16297,0) 49239,0 Hi-Res<BR>
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________<BR>
<BR>
<BR>
CURSOR CALLS<BR>
CALL OTHER EQUIV. EXPLANATION<BR>
-> CALL -1036..............Moves cursor RIGHT<BR>
<- CALL -1008..............Moves cursor LEFT<BR>
/\ CALL -998...............Moves cursor UP<BR>
\/ CALL -922...............Moves cursor DOWN<BR>
\/ CALL -926...CALL -626...Performs a carriage return<BR>
CALL -912...............Scrolls current text screen up one row<BR>
CALL -936.....ESC @.....HOMEs the cursor<BR>
-> CALL -868.....ESC E.....Clears text line from cursor to right<BR>
\/ CALL -958.....ESC F.....Clears text from cursor position to bottom of screen<BR>
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________<BR>
<BR>
HI-RES COLORS LO-RES AND DOUBLE HI-RES COLORS<BR>
0 Black 1 4 Black 2 | 0 Black 4 Dark Green 8 Brown 12 Bright Green<BR>
1 Green 5 Orange | 1 Magenta 5 Grey 1 9 Orange 13 Yellow<BR>
2 Violet 6 Blue | 2 Dark Blue 6 Medium Blue 10 Grey 2 14 Aqua<BR>
3 White 1 7 White 2 | 3 Violet 7 Light Blue 11 Pink 15 White<BR>
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________<BR>
<BR>
ONERR ERROR CODES<BR>
DOS 3.3 ProDOS BASIC<BR>
1 Language Not Available 2 Range Error 0 ?Next Without For<BR>
2 Range Error 3 No Device Connected 16 ?Syntax Error<BR>
3 Range Error 4 Write-Protected 22 ?Return Without Gosub<BR>
4 Write-Protected 5 End of Data 42 ?Out of Data<BR>
5 End of Data 6 Path Not Found 53 ?Illegal Quantity<BR>
6 File Not Found 8 I/O Error 69 ?Overflow<BR>
7 Volume Mismatch 9 Disk Full 77 ?Out of Memory<BR>
8 I/O Error 10 File Locked 90 ?Undef'd Statement<BR>
9 Disk Full 11 Invalid Parameter 107 ?Bad Subscript<BR>
10 File Locked 12 No Buffers Available 120 ?Redim'd Array<BR>
11 Syntax Error 13 File Type Mismatch 133 ?Division by Zero<BR>
12 No Buffers Available 14 Program Too Large 163 ?Type Mismatch<BR>
13 File Type Mismatch 15 Not Direct Command 176 ?String Too Long<BR>
14 Program Too Large 16 Syntax Error 191 ?Formula Too Complex<BR>
15 Not Direct Command 17 Directory Full 224 ?Undef'd Function<BR>
18 File Not Open 254 ?Reenter<BR>
19 Duplicate File Name 255 (<Control-C> interrupt)<BR>
20 File Busy<BR>
21 File(s) Still Open<BR>
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________<BR>
<BR>
APPLE MAIN MEMORY ALLOCATION<BR>
<BR>
BLOCK OF MEMORY POSITIVE NEGATIVE ADDRESS HEXADECIMAL<BR>
Zero Page RAM.......................0-255..........................$0000.00FF<BR>
System Stack........................256-511........................$0100.02FF<BR>
Keyboard Input Buffer...............512-76.........................$0200.02FF<BR>
Monitor Variables/Vectors...........768-1023.......................$0300.03FF<BR>
Text/Lo-Res Page 1..................1024-2047......................$0400.07FF<BR>
Text/Lo-Res Page 2..................2048-3071......................$0800.0BFF<BR>
User RAM............................3072-8191......................$0C00.1FFF<BR>
Hi-Res Page 1.......................8192-16383...-57344 to -49153..$2000.3FFF<BR>
Hi-Res Page 2.......................16384-24575..-49152 to -40961..$4000.5FFF<BR>
User RAM............................24576-38400..-40960 to -27137..$6000.95FF<BR>
DOS.................................38400-44151..-27136 to -16385..$9600.BFFF<BR>
DOS file buffers (Maxfiles = 3)..38400-40191..-27136 to -25345..$9600.9CFF<BR>
Main DOS routines................40192-43772..-25344 to -21764..$9D00.AAFC<BR>
File Manager.....................43773-47028..-21763 to -18508..$AAFD.B7B4<BR>
RWTS.............................47029-44151..-18507 to -16385..$B7B5.BFFF<BR>
Input/Output Peripheral Cards.......49152-53247..-16384 to -12289..$C000.CFFF<BR>
Built-In I/O.....................49152-49279..-16384 to -16257..$C000.C079<BR>
Peripheral Card I/O Slots 0-7....49280-49407..-16256 to -16127..$C080.C0FF<BR>
Peripheral Card PROM Slots 1-7...49408-51199..-16128 to -14337..$C100.C7FF<BR>
Expansion ROM....................51200-53247..-14336 to -12289..$C800.CFFF<BR>
System ROM..........................53248-65535..-12288 to -1......$D000.FFFF<BR>
Applesoft ROM....................53248-63487..-12288 to -2049...$D000.F7FF<BR>
Monitor ROM......................63488-65535...-2048 to -1......$F800.FFFF<BR>
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________<BR>
<BR>
<BR>
APPLE MAIN MEMORY MAP<BR>
__________________<BR>
-1 / 65536 |___MONITOR ROM____| $FFFF<BR>
-2048 / 63488 | | $F800<BR>
| |<BR>
| APPLESOFT ROM |<BR>
| |<BR>
|__________________|<BR>
-12288 / 53248 | | $D000<BR>
|__EXPANSION ROM___|<BR>
-14336 / 51200 |CUSTOM PROM SPACE | $C800<BR>
|FOR CARDSLOTS 1-7_|<BR>
-16384 / 49152 | | $C000<BR>
| |<BR>
| |<BR>
| |<BR>
-20480 / 45056 | DOS | $B000<BR>
| |<BR>
| |<BR>
| |<BR>
-24576 / 40960 | | $A000<BR>
| |<BR>
-27136 / 38400 |------------------| $9600 DEFALUT HIMEM<BR>
| | IF DOS IS USED<BR>
-28672 / 36864 | | $9000<BR>
| |<BR>
| |<BR>
| |<BR>
-32768 / 32768 | | $8000<BR>
| USER RAM |<BR>
| |<BR>
| |<BR>
-36864 / 28672 | | $7000<BR>
| |<BR>
| |<BR>
|__________________|<BR>
-40960 / 24576 | | $6000<BR>
| |<BR>
| |<BR>
| HI-RES PAGE 2 |<BR>
-45056 / 20480 | | $5000<BR>
| |<BR>
| |<BR>
|__________________|<BR>
-49152 / 16384 | | $4000<BR>
| |<BR>
| |<BR>
| HI-RES PAGE 1 |<BR>
-53248 / 12288 | | $3000<BR>
| |<BR>
| |<BR>
|__________________|<BR>
-57344 / 8192 | | $2000<BR>
| |<BR>
| USER RAM |<BR>
| |<BR>
4096 |__________________| $1000<BR>
3072 |TEXT/LO-RES PAGE 2| $0C00<BR>
2048 |TEXT/LO-RES PAGE 1| $0800 DEFAULT LOMEM<BR>
1024 |__________________| $0400<BR>
0 / \ $0000<BR>
/ \<BR>
/______________________\<BR>
1024 |__MONITOR VARIABLES___| $0400<BR>
768 |__KEY. INPUT BUFFER___| $0300<BR>
512 |_____SYSTEM STACK_____| $0200<BR>
256 |____ZERO PAGE RAM_____| $0100<BR>
0 $0000<BR>
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________<BR>
<BR>
<BR>
INVALUABLE PROGRAMMING INFORMATION<BR>
To POKE a value (0-65535) into two consecutive bytes, follow this procedure where
B1 and B2 are the two bytes and V is the value:<BR>
POKE B1,V-INT(V/256)*256: POKE B2,INT(V/256)<BR>
In order to PEEK two bytes, do this where B1 and B2 are the two bytes:<BR>
PEEK(B1)+PEEK(B2)*256<BR>
Variable names may be up to 239 characters long, but only the first two characters
are considered by BASIC.<BR>
To run the mini-assembler, load Integer BASIC into the language card, enter the monitor,
and type F666G.<BR>
To disable the AUTO function in Integer BASIC, execute a <Control-X> and then
enter the MAN command.<BR>
To execute a GOTO in immediate mode, enter:<BR>
POKE 51,0: GOTO line#<BR>
For a better random number generator, use:<BR>
INT(RND(PEEK(78)+PEEK(79)*256)*N+1)<BR>
where N is the high number limit.<BR>
To scrunch your program listings, execute a POKE 33,33.<BR>
To obtain the results of MOD in Applesoft BASIC:<BR>
remainder=X-(INT(X/Y)*Y)<BR>
where X and Y are the numbers to be divided.<BR>
To turn on the Mouse Character set, print a CHR$(27) (which is Esc). To turn off
the alternate set, print CHR$(24). Only for Apple IIc, IIc+, IIgs, or enhanced IIe.<BR>
To round a number N digits to the right of the decimal point:<BR>
X=INT(X*10^N+.5)/10^N<BR>
To print 40-column text screen page one:<BR>
10 ? CHR$(4); "PR#1": PRINT CHR$(9); "80N"<BR>
20 FOR H=1024 TO 1104 STEP 40: FOR J=0 TO 896<BR>
30 FOR K=0 TO 39: A=PEEK(J+K+H)<BR>
40 A=A+(A<32)*192: A=A+(A<64)*128: A=A+(A<96)*64: A=A+(A<128)*64:
A=A+(A<160)*64<BR>
50 ? CHR$(A);: NEXT K: ?: NEXT J,H<BR>
60 ?: ? CHR$(4); "PR#0"<BR>
To correct a "No Buffers Available" message, set MAXFILES to 3 or less.<BR>
To save a program that is in memory while DOS 3.3 or ProDOS isn't:<BR>
1. Enter the monitor 5. Enter the monitor again<BR>
2. Enter 4000<800.3FFFM 6. Enter 800<4000.8000M<BR>
3. Enter Control-C 7. Enter Control-C<BR>
4. Boot a DOS disk 8. LIST<BR>
To delete program lines greater than 63999, add this line (may be any line number)
and GOTO it:<BR>
5000 A=PEEK(121)+PEEK(122)*256: A=A+3: POKE A-2,0: POKE A-1,0: POKE 175,A-INT(A/256)*256:
POKE 176,INT(A/256)<BR>
In Applesoft BASIC, line numbers range from 0 through and including 63999.<BR>
In Integer BASIC, line numbers range from 0 through and including 32767.<BR>
When a negative decimal memory address is given, add 65536 to obtain the positive
equivalent. Example: -21503 plus 65536 equals 44033. In the case that your brain
or your calculator does not have a -/+ key, enter the negative address without the
negative sign, subtract 65536, and ignore the negative sign given in the answer.
Example: 21503 (negative address) minus 65536 equals -44033 (ignore the negative
sign).<BR>
When a positive decimal memory address is given, subtract 65536 to find the negative
equivalent. Example: 49152 minus 65536 equals -16384.<BR>
Another way to find an equivalent (negative or positive) is to subtract the address
(if negative, do not enter a negative sign) from 65536. In your mind, add a negative
sign to the answer if you wanted a negative equivalent. Example: 65536 minus 62436
(positive address) equals 3100 (negative equivalent; add a negative sign mentally).
Another example: 65536 minus 3082 (negative address excluding the negative sign)
equals 62454 (positive equivalent).<BR>
Eight bits equal one byte; Four bytes equal one nibble; One nibble equals one hexadecimal
digit.<BR>
MSB is the abbreviation for Most Significant Byte (in $AC01, the MSB is $AC); LSB
is the abbreviation for Least Significant Byte (in $AC01, the LSB is 1).<BR>
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________<BR>
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________<BR>
<BR>
<BR>
MACHINE LANGUAGE PROGRAMMING INFORMATION<BR>
<BR>
6502'S INTERNAL REGISTERS<BR>
(all take up one byte except PC which uses two bytes)<BR>
A = accumulator PC = program counter<BR>
X = X index register S = stack pointer<BR>
Y = Y index register P = processor status register (see below)<BR>
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________<BR>
<BR>
STATUS FLAGS<BR>
MSB LSB<BR>
|N|V|-|B|D|I|Z|C|<BR>
N = negative result I = IRQ (Interrupt ReQuest) disable<BR>
V = overflow Z = zero result<BR>
B = BRK instruction C = carry<BR>
D = decimal mode C = borrow<BR>
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________<BR>
<BR>
LOGICAL OPERATORS--BOOLEAN LOGIC<BR>
AND INCLUSIVE OR EXCLUSIVE OR<BR>
01011001 01101001 01001011<BR>
| | ||||| | || ||<BR>
01100101 10111000 00101101<BR>
-------- -------- --------<BR>
01000001 11111001 01100110<BR>
<BR>
If both bits are on, If either or both If either bit is on,<BR>
the result bit is on. bits are on, the but not if both are on,<BR>
result bit is on. the result bit is on.<BR>
<BR>
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________<BR>
<BR>
INVALUABLE MACHINE LANGUAGE INFORMATION<BR>
The monitor always uses hexadecimal; Dollar signs are not needed.<BR>
To enter the monitor, enter CALL -151; To leave it, enter <Control-C>.<BR>
To look at one address, type that address.<BR>
To list more than one address, type the first and last addresses to be looked at
separated by a period.<BR>
Type a period followed by the last address to be looked at to see more addresses
starting at the last address printed on the screen.<BR>
To look at the content of the next eight addresses, just press <Return>.<BR>
To enter data into memory, type the first address in the range of addresses to have
data put into them, follow it by a colon, and begin typing the data.<BR>
To move a block of data in RAM, type this in:<BR>
addr1<add2.addr3M<BR>
where addr1 is the starting address of the new block location, addr2 is the
starting address of the current location, and addr3 is the last address in the current
location. Notice the "M" (which stands for Move) at the end of the commands.<BR>
Make sure, when moving a block of code, to change all branching addresses within.<BR>
To verify (or compare) two blocks of memory, follow this procedure:<BR>
addr1<addr2.addr3V<BR>
where addr1 is the starting address of either block, and addr2 and addr3 are
the first and last addresses of the other, respectively. Notice the "V"
(for Verify) at the end of the commands. If the two blocks are exactly alike, the
monitor returns to the prompt symbol. If there is a difference between the two,
the monitor prints the address of the first block, its content, and the content of
the differing second block.<BR>
To disassemble 20 lines of instructions, type the beginning address to be disassembled
followed by an "L" for list. Just entering an "L" again will
disassemble the next 20 lines.<BR>
To execute a machine language program, type the beginning address of the program
followed by a "G" for Go.<BR>
To direct output to the printer while in the monitor, type "1 <Control-P>"
(1 stands for slot #1).<BR>
Immediate means "put this number in;" absolute means "put the number
in that's contained in this address."<BR>
The beginning address of the mini-assembler is 2048 ($800) and the length is 328
($148) bytes.<BR>
In order to display the current content of all the internal registers, enter <Control-E>.<BR>
To change the 6502's internal registers, type <Control-E>, colon, the register,
and then the number to be plugged into that register.<BR>
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________<BR>
<BR>
<BR>
THE 6502 INSTRUCTION SET<BR>
ASSEMBLER COMMAND ABBREVIATION<BR>
HEXADECIMAL OPERATION CODE(S) \/ OPERATION<BR>
69, 65, 75, 6D, 7D, 79, 61, 71 = ADC = ADD memory to the accumulator with carry<BR>
29, 25, 35, 2D, 3D, 39, 21, 31 = AND = logically AND memory with the accumulator<BR>
0A, 06, 16, 0E, 1E = ASL = shift memory of the accumulator 1 bit to the
left<BR>
90 = BCC = branch on carry clear<BR>
80 = BCS = branch on carry set<BR>
F0 = BEQ = branch on result zero<BR>
24, 2C = BIT = test memory bits with the accumulator<BR>
30 = BMI = branch on result minus<BR>
D0 = BNE = branch on result not zero<BR>
10 = BPL = branch on result plus<BR>
00 = BRK = forced break<BR>
50 = BVC = branch on overflow clear<BR>
70 = BVS = branch on overflow set<BR>
18 = CLC = clear carry flag<BR>
D8 = CLD = clear decimal arithmetic mode<BR>
58 = CLI = clear interrupt disable bit<BR>
B8 = CLV = clear overflow flag<BR>
C9, C5, D5, CD, DD, D9, C1, D1 = CMP = compare memory and the accumulator<BR>
E0, E4, EC = CPX = compare memory and X register<BR>
C0, C4, CC = CPY = compare memory and Y register<BR>
C6, D6, CE, DE = DEC = decrement memory by 1<BR>
CA = DEX = decrement X register by 1<BR>
88 = DEY = decrement Y register by 1<BR>
49, 45, 55, 4D, 5D, 59, 41, 51 = EOR = logically EXCLUSIVE-OR memory and the accumulator<BR>
E6, F6, EE, FE = INC = increment memory by 1<BR>
E8 = INX = increment X register by 1<BR>
C8 = INY = increment Y register by 1<BR>
4C, 6C = JMP = unconditional jump to new address<BR>
20 = JSR = jump to new address and save return address<BR>
A9, A5, B5, AD, BD, B9, A1, B1 = LDA = load the the accumulator with memory<BR>
A2, A6, B6, AE, BE = LDX = load X register with memory<BR>
A0, A4, B4, AC, BC = LDY = load Y register with memory<BR>
4A, 46, 56, 4E, 5E = LSR = shift memory or the accumulator 1 bit to right<BR>
EA = NOP = no operation<BR>
09, 05, 15, 0D, 1D, 19, 01, 11 = ORA = logically OR memory and the accumulator<BR>
48 = PHA = push the accumulator to top of stack<BR>
08 = PHP = push status register to top of stack<BR>
68 = PLA = pull top of stack to the accumulator<BR>
28 = PLP = pull top of stack to status register<BR>
2A, 26, 36, 2E, 3E = ROL = rotate memory or the accumulator 1 bit to
left<BR>
6A, 66, 76, 6E, 7E = ROR = rotate memory or the accumulator 1 bit to
right<BR>
40 = RTI = return from interrupt<BR>
60 = RTS = return from subroutine<BR>
E9, E5, F5, ED, FD, F9, E1, F1 = SBC = subtract memory from the accumulator with
borrow<BR>
38 = SEC = set carry flag<BR>
F8 = SED = set decimal arithmetic mode<BR>
78 = SEI = set disable interrupt flag<BR>
85, 95, 8D, 9D, 99, 81, 91 = STA = store the accumulator in memory<BR>
86, 96, 8E = STX = store X register in memory<BR>
84, 94, 8C = STY = store Y register in memory<BR>
AA = TAX = transfer the accumulator to X register<BR>
A8 = TAY = transfer the accumulator to Y register<BR>
BA = TSX = transfer stack pointer to X register<BR>
8A = TXA = transfer X register to the accumulator<BR>
9A = TXS = transfer X register to stack pointer<BR>
98 = TYA = transfer Y register to the accumulator<BR>
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________<BR>
<BR>
HEXADECIMAL/DECIMAL CONVERSION CHART<BR>
<BR>
LSD MSD >><BR>
\/ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E F<BR>
-------------------------------------------------------------------------<BR>
0 | 16 32 48 64 80 96 112 128 144 160 176 192 208 224 240<BR>
|<BR>
1 | 17 33 49 65 81 97 113 129 145 161 177 193 209 225 241<BR>
|<BR>
2 | 18 34 50 66 82 98 114 130 146 162 178 194 210 226 242<BR>
|<BR>
3 | 19 35 51 67 83 99 115 131 147 163 179 195 211 227 243<BR>
|<BR>
4 | 20 36 52 68 84 100 116 132 148 164 180 196 212 228 244<BR>
|<BR>
5 | 21 37 53 69 85 101 117 133 149 165 181 197 213 229 245<BR>
|<BR>
6 | 22 38 54 70 86 102 118 134 150 166 182 198 214 230 246<BR>
|<BR>
7 | 23 39 55 71 87 103 119 135 151 167 183 199 215 231 247<BR>
|<BR>
8 | 24 40 56 72 88 104 120 136 152 168 184 200 216 232 248<BR>
|<BR>
9 | 25 41 57 73 89 105 121 137 153 169 185 201 217 233 249<BR>
|<BR>
A | 26 42 58 74 90 106 122 138 154 170 186 202 218 234 250<BR>
|<BR>
B | 27 43 59 75 91 107 123 139 155 171 187 203 219 235 251<BR>
|<BR>
C | 28 44 60 76 92 108 124 140 156 172 188 204 220 236 252<BR>
|<BR>
D | 29 45 61 77 93 109 125 141 157 173 189 205 221 237 253<BR>
|<BR>
E | 30 46 62 78 94 110 126 142 158 174 190 206 222 238 254<BR>
|<BR>
F | 31 47 63 79 95 111 127 143 159 175 191 207 223 239 255</P>
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