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-=-=-=-=-=-=-
From: alexm@zip.com.au (Alex Maddison)
Reply-To: Alex Maddison <alexm@zip.com.au>
Newsgroups: comp.emulators.apple2,alt.emulators.ibmpc.apple2,alt.emulators,comp.emulators,alt.answers,comp.answers,news.answers
Followup-To: comp.emulators.apple2
Subject: Apple ][ Emulator Resources Guide 0596 (1/1)
Date: 2 May 1996 08:10:30 GMT
Organization: The Zipsters
Message-ID: <4m9qlm$tm@the-fly.zip.com.au>
Archive-name: apple2/emulators-faq/part1
Posting-Frequency: monthly
Version: 0596
- ******************************************************************************
- *
- Apple ][ Emulator Resources Guide *
- version 0596 *
- *
- (c) 1995 Alex Maddison *
- <alexm@zip.com.au> *
- *
- Corrections and constructive criticism welcome. *
- *
- Last updated: May 1996 *
- *
- Newsgroups: comp.emulators.apple2, alt.emulators.ibmpc.apple2, comp.answers *
- Posted: First week of each month or on demand. *
- *
- ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet/news.answers/apple2/emulators-faq/part1 *
- http://www.cs.ruu.nl/wais/html/na-dir/apple2/emulators-faq/part1.html *
- http://www.smartpages.com/bngfaqs/comp/emulators/apple2/top.html *
- *
- ******************************************************************************
(An "*" represents new information)
Introduction
1) The Apple ROMs
2) Apple ][ emulators & projects
* General Emulator Related Files
* Apple Macintosh Platform
Atari Platform
Commodore Amiga Platform
* Commodore 64 Platform
* IBM-PC - Linux Platform
* IBM-PC - MSDOS Platform
* IBM-PC - Windows Platform
UNIX/NeXT Platform
YAE (Yet Another Apple ][ Emulator)
* AppleIIGS Project
Hindenburg Project
VirtualGS(tm) Emulator Project
- 3) Emulator resources (FTP/WWW, disk-image sites, software & information)
4) Compression techniques
- 5) Creating/extracting disk-images
- 6) Disk-image formats & conversion
- 7) Working with disk-images
- 8) Apple DOS/ProDOS commands
9) Further Reading
- ******************************************************************************
Introduction
Well, the latest version of the Resources Guide is here - better late than never
:-). I have included a section on DOS commands for the Apple (let me know if I
missed any!) and updated the emulator section - the Spartan emulator for the
C64 is an interesting piece of trivia. Does anyone actually own one?
Bye for now,
Alex.
- ******************************************************************************
1) The Apple ROMs
According to the 'Apple II User's Guide', the read-only memory (ROM)
"contents never change, even when you turn the power off. ROM contains the
programs which give the Apple II its unique identity and enables it to
understand and respond appropriately to the commands you type in at the
keyboard." (p.4) Every computer contains ROMs, and understandably, they are
copyrighted by the manufacturer. As such, many of the emulator packages
listed below do not include the ROMs required to emulate an Apple ][. ROMs
can be duplicated from your original Apple computer in the form of binary
files - usually the Apple, disk-drive and serial ROMs. Instructions for
saving the information from the ROMs into binary files can be found in the
text file "dumping-ROMs" available on wilbur. Emulator packages which do not
include the ROMs often include instructions on dumping ROMs. This information
is specifically indicated in the descriptions below. As an aside, the main
Apple ROMs are included on the original DOS3.3 System Master Disk, in the
"FPBASIC" and "INTBASIC" machine language files.
ftp://wilbur.stanford.edu/pub/apple2/dumping-ROMs
There are some ROM files available from the following addresses (legally you
may only use these ROM files if you own a corresponding Apple computer):
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/emulators/apple.rom (Apple ][+ ROM)
(ApplePC ROMs)
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/emulators/applepc/Apple_IIc_ROM.zip
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/emulators/applepc/IIerom.zip
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/emulators/applepc/apple_ii.zip
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/emulators/applepc/plusrom.zip
- ******************************************************************************
2) Apple ][ emulators
The SHORT DESCRIPTION is intended only as a general guide; refer to the
documentation that comes with each package for the complete technical
information. The DISK-IMAGE FORMATS are explained in Chapter 6.
IMPORTANT NOTE ABOUT WILBUR.STANFORD.EDU (AKA FOGHORN.STANFORD.EDU):
The /pub/apple2/, /pub/apple2/DiskImages and /pub/apple2/incoming directories
on wilbur are now unreadable (ie. they no longer produce a file list, with the
"ls", "ls -la" or "dir" commands"). The files listed in this document are still
there and can be retrieved normally. Specify download filenames EXACTLY using a
normal shell FTP process. AmericaOnline (AOL), WinFTP, Macintosh Fetch and
other browser users will *NOT* be able to retrieve files from wilbur. If you
are using this document through WWW then the hypertext links should work.
==============================
GENERAL EMULATOR-RELATED FILES
==============================
APL2BMP - Small MSDOS executable which converts Apple ][ screen-dumps
(BSAVE FILE,A$2000,L$2000) to Windows bitmaps (.BMP), by Arthur Levesque
<bakslash@ix.netcom.com>.
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/utility/apl2bmp.zip
ftp://friley131.res.iastate.edu/apple2/utility/apl2bmp.zip
AP2IFC - Pascal source and MSDOS executable which extracts Infocom data from
disk-images, by Steve Hugg <hugg@pobox.com>.
ftp://ftp.gmd.de/if-archive/infocom/tools/ap2ifc.zip
AP2INF - ANSI C source and MSDOS executable written to extract data from
disk-images of Infocom adventure games, by Stephen Tjasink
<stjasink@cs.uct.ac.za>.
ftp://ftp.gmd.de/if-archive/infocom/tools/ap2inf14.zip (v1.4)
SPEED.TEST - Disk-image containing a small program to test (and benchmark)
emulator performance, by William Night <wnight@wimsey.com>.
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/utility/spedtest.zip (v1.0)
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/utility/spdt222.zip (v2.2.2)
Timer Module - Add-on which times Speed Test on the Macintosh emulator STM.
ftp://cassandra.ucr.edu/pub/apple2/timer.sit.hqx
========================
Apple Macintosh Platform
========================
Deja ][ (version 1.0)
-------
AVAILABILITY: Commercial product, available from JEM Software for US$128.
JEM Software
7578 Lamar Ct.
Arvada, CO 80003.
Fax: 303-422-4856
Email: rbJEM@aol.com
AUTHOR: Randy Brandt <rbJEM@aol.com> & Mike Munz <munz@wordperfect.com>.
STATUS: Development in progress.
SHORT DESCRIPTION: An AppleWorks emulator for 68K and PPC Macintoshes -
literally, an "Apple II emulation engine", which requires AppleWorks 5. From a
post on "comp.sys.apple2": "It supports most TimeOut applications, including
UltraMacros. It also tightly integrates AppleWorks 5 and the Mac environment.
This includes automatic conversion between Macintosh and AppleWorks clipboards,
being able to traverse through your Macintosh hard disk (no Prodos partition
required), and macro commands to access Mac functions (like speaking text,
dialing). And if you have PCExchange (or System 7.5), it will read Apple II
3.5" disks as well. It, however, is not a generic emulator".
MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS: 68K or PowerPC Macintosh running System 7 and above;
AppleWorks 5.
Mac Apple //e Emulator (MacE) (version 0.80)
-----------------------------
AVAILABILITY: Available for anonymous FTP from:
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/incoming/MacE.compiled.sit.bin
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/emulators/misc/emsrc.sit (source code)
AUTHOR: W. Sheldon Simms III <sheldon@netcom.com>.
STATUS: Source code released for public modification.
SHORT DESCRIPTION: An Apple //e emulator for 68K Macintoshes. The binhexed
Think C 7.0 code was posted to "comp.emulators.apple2" on 5 July 1995.
According to the author's accompanying message, it is an "emulator that boots
into basic. I don't have time to work on it now so I'm posting the source in
case anyone else wants to mess with it. It has a 65816 emulator (well 65802
really)...There's no documentation other than internal documentation."
ROMS: MacE comes with the necessary Apple //e ROMs and is ready for use after
decompression.
DISK-IMAGE FORMAT: DOS3.3 order (DO - size: 143360 bytes); there also seems to
be an Icon resource for virtual hard-disk volumes in the code, but whether or
not this is supported is unknown.
DISK-IMAGE RESOURCE INFO: File Creator: 'MacE', File Type: 'DSK5'.
MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS: "Desktop" (colour) Macintosh - including Power
Macintosh models. Will not work on "compact" (B&W) Macintoshes.
FURTHER REFERENCE: None.
Stop The Madness (STM) (version 0.851r)
----------------------
AVAILABILITY: Available for anonymous FTP from:
ftp://cassandra.ucr.edu/pub/apple2/STM/0.851r.sea.bin
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/emulators/stm/STM_0.851r.sit
ftp://ftp.uni-kl.de/pub/apple2/mac/0.851r.sea.bin
ftp://ftp.unsw.edu.au/pub/mac/emulators/STM-0851r.hqx
ftp://wilbur.stanford.edu/pub/apple2/STM0.851r.sea.hqx
AUTHOR: Kevin Lund <kevin@cassandra.ucr.edu> & Jim Nitchals <jimn8@netcom.com>.
STATUS: See STM v0.881r.
SHORT DESCRIPTION: Stop The Madness emulates a 64K Apple ][+, and allows
disk-swapping. Although it cannot "save" (write information to a disk
image) a small program called Save The Madness can be used simultaneously
with STM (under Multifinder or System 7), writing altered disk-image files
(see below). STM comes with the DOS 3.3 System Master disk-image "pre-installed"
into virtual drive one.
ROMS: STM comes with the necessary Apple ][+ ROMs and is ready for use after
decompression.
DISK-IMAGE FORMAT: DOS3.3 order (DO - size: 143360 bytes).
DISK-IMAGE RESOURCE INFO: File Creator: 'A2EM', File Type: 'DSK5'.
MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS: "Desktop" (colour) Macintosh - including Power
Macintosh models. Runs ONLY in 256-colours! Will not display a picture on
"compact" (B&W) Macintoshes.
NOTE: On desktop Macintoshes, you must set the "Colors" control panel
to 256-colors, as STM does not support higher colour modes. This problem
has erroneously been interpreted as non-compatibility of the emulator with
some Macintoshes.
FURTHER REFERENCE: "docs 0.85" (DOCMaker file included in the archive), and
"docs" (DOCMaker file included in the "Disks-n-Docs0.81.hqx" archive. Full
documentation for STM does not yet exist.
ftp://ftp.uni-kl.de/pub/apple2/mac/Disks-n-Docs0.81.hqx
RELATED FILES:
Save The Madness - Application which adds write access to STM disk-images.
ftp://cassandra.ucr.edu/pub/apple2/incoming/SaveTM_1.02.sit.hqx
ftp://ftp.uni-kl.de/pub/apple2/mac/SaveTM_1.02.sit.bin
Stop The Madness (STM) (version 0.881r)
----------------------
AVAILABILITY: Available for anonymous FTP from:
ftp://cassandra.ucr.edu/pub/apple2/STM/STM_0.881r.sit.hqx
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/emulators/stm/STM_0.881r.sit
ftp://joyce.eng.yale.edu/pub/appleIIgs/completed/STM_0.88r.sit.hqx
ftp://ftp.unsw.edu.au/pub/mac/emulators/STM-0.881.hqx
AUTHOR: Kevin Lund <kevin@cassandra.ucr.edu> & Jim Nitchals <jimn8@netcom.com>.
STATUS: Development in progress.
SHORT DESCRIPTION: Stop The Madness emulates a 64K Apple ][+, and allows
disk-swapping. Version 0.881r (formerly known as 0.872d) is far more versatile
than the previous version; configurable "modules" allow expansion limited only
by available memory - for example, STM can support four Disk II drives.
Additionally, STM can now "save" disk-images (see below). STM comes with the
DOS 3.3 System Master disk-image "pre-installed" into virtual drive one.
ROMS: STM comes with the necessary Apple ][+ ROMs and is ready for use after
decompression.
DISK-IMAGE FORMAT: DOS3.3 order (DO - size: 143360 bytes), and non-standard
"pre-nibbleized". This second type is the only format the Disk II module will
save images into. From the documentation: "this format is bulkier than the
'.DSK' format, and has no cross-platform compatibility, but is more flexible,
allowing non-standard formats and 1/4 track resolution." Version 1.00 of SaveTM
(see below) is also compatible with STM 0.881r for those who prefer standard
disk-image output.
DISK-IMAGE RESOURCE INFO: File Creator: 'A2EM', File Type: 'DSK5'.
MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS: "Desktop" (colour) Macintosh - including Power
Macintosh models - with System 7. Runs ONLY in 256-colours! Will not display a
picture on "compact" (B&W) Macintoshes.
NOTE: On desktop Macintoshes, you must set the "Colors" control panel
to 256-colors, as STM does not support higher colour modes. This problem
has erroneously been interpreted as non-compatibility of the emulator with
some Macintoshes.
FURTHER REFERENCE: "STM 0.881r docs" (DOCMaker file included in the archive).
Full documentation for STM does not yet exist.
RELATED FILES:
Cassette speaker module for STM.
ftp://cassandra.ucr.edu/pub/apple2/STM/cassettespeaker.sit.bin
Disk ][ replacement module for STM.
ftp://cassandra.ucr.edu/pub/apple2/STM/newdisk2.bin
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/utility/formattingdiskII.sit
Save The Madness - Application which adds write access to STM disk-images.
ftp://cassandra.ucr.edu/pub/apple2/incoming/SaveTM_1.00_for0.881r.sit.bin
IIe (version 1.0)
---
AVAILABILITY: Available for anonymous FTP from:
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/incoming/IIe_1.0.sit.bin
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/incoming/Mac_IIe_1.0.sit.hqx
AUTHOR: Vincent Tan <VincentTan@kagi.com>.
STATUS: Development in progress.
SHORT DESCRIPTION: IIe emulates an Apple //e; it supports all //e graphics
modes, and fully emulates the Apple keyboard. Colour/monochrome screen modes
are offered. According to the documents supplied with the archive, "the goal of
this version is functionality, not a complete feature set nor great emulation
speed - they are goals for version 2.0". As such, this version does not support
writing to disk-images, although disk-image switching is. It runs all Apple
operating systems up to (but not including) ProDOS 2.0.3.
ROMS: IIe does not come with the necessary Apple //e ROMs. The missing ROM is
the main Apple ROM ("APPLE2E.ROM"). The instructions suggest using ApplePC's
//e ROM:
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/emulators/applepc/IIerom.zip
DISK-IMAGE FORMAT: DOS3.3 order (DO - size: 143360 bytes); the emulator can
also read 3.5" ProDOS disks directly from the Macintosh 800K/1.44Mb drive(s).
3.5" disk-images (Apple images in Apple DiskCopy format AND plain ProDOS-
order images) and virtual hard-drive (.HDV) files are also supported.
DISK-IMAGE RESOURCE INFO: File Creator: 'AIIe', File Type: 'DSK5' (5.25" images)
File Creator: 'AIIe', File Type: 'DSK3' (3.5" images)
File Creator: 'AIIe', File Type: 'dImg' (DiskCopy)
File Creator: 'AIIe', File Type: 'HDV ' (hard-drive)
MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS: "Desktop" (colour) Macintosh - including Power
Macintosh models - with System 7.0 (with QuickTime and Thread Manager) or
higher (System 7.5 recommended). Runs in most display modes (1-bit B&W and
4-bit colour) EXCEPT 16-bit and 24-bit colour. Will not work on "compact" (B&W)
Macintoshes.
FURTHER REFERENCE: "1. Read me first" and "2. Other stuff" (Text files included
in the archive).
//e CARD for Macintosh LC
-------------------------
AVAILABILITY: Commercial product.
AUTHOR: Apple Computer.
STATUS: Development ceased.
SHORT DESCRIPTION: The LC //e Card is a combination hardware/software package
which emulates an enhanced Apple //e, accelerated to 1.9 Mhz, monochrome,
colour or inverse video, custom beep sound, RAM card, two super serial cards,
a "printer" card (spools to Chooser device), clock, SmartPort card, AppleTalk
card, Mouse card and extended 80-column card. Hardware is attached via a special
connector with ports for a 9-pin joystick and a SmartPort drive (up to two
5.25" and one 3.5"). Further installation, use and troubleshooting articles
are available from the Apple Technical Information Library (search for "iie").
http://www.info.apple.com/til.html
The software for the card is available under copyright from the Apple FTP site
(see also "Macintosh LC //e Card Software" in Chapter 3).
ftp://ftp.apple.com/dts/aii/lc.iiecard/iie-installer-disk-image.hqx
ftp://ftp.apple.com/dts/aii/lc.iiecard/iie-startup-disk-image.hqx
ROMS: N/A.
DISK-IMAGE FORMAT: N/A. The card actually runs original software on 5.25" or
3.5" diskette, although it can be used to create disk-images for use with
other emulators.
MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS: Macintosh LC with PDS slot supporting 24-bit adressing,
including the LC, LCII, LCIII, Color Classic, Color Classic II, LC 520, LC 550,
LC 475/Quadra 605, LC 575 and the Performa 4xx and 5xx lines except the Quadra
630, LC/Performa 580 and 5200/75 LC.
FURTHER REFERENCE: N/A.
(The preceding information on the //e Card was obtained from information sent by
Ivan Drucker <drucker@lclark.edu>).
][ in a Mac (version 2.53)
-----------
AVAILABILITY: Commercial product.
AUTHOR: COMPUTER:applications
12813 Lindeley Drive
Raleigh, NC 27614.
STATUS: Development ceased.
SHORT DESCRIPTION: ][ in a Mac is a package which emulates an Apple //e.
Functionally, it is probably similar to it's PC counterpart, "][ in a PC" (see
below) with the following exceptions: it runs at sixty percent of the standard
//e speed (on a MacPlus), uses only a portion of the Mac screen, has no colour
support and limited graphics, no "real" joystick, doesn't handle copy-protected
software, and can create problems with keyboard translation and modem port
detection on some Macintoshes.
ROMS: N/A.
DISK-IMAGE FORMAT: ProDOS3.3 Order (PO - size: 143360 bytes); the emulator can
also read 3.5" ProDOS disks directly from the Macintosh 800K internal or
external drive(s).
DISK-IMAGE RESOURCE INFO: File Creator: 'CAI1', File Type: 'DISK'.
MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS: MacPlus or SE. Some older versions of the software didn't
run on the Mac II line. The software will not display colour even on colour
Macintosh systems.
FURTHER REFERENCES: "][inamac.txt" (Review text file on wilbur).
ftp://wilbur.stanford.edu/pub/emulators/apple2/][inamac.txt
(Thanks to Gaku Tomiyama for information on the disk-image format).
==============
Atari Platform
==============
Apple ][ A2.04
--------------
AVAILABILITY: Available for anonymous FTP from:
ftp://atari.archive.umich.edu/atari/Emulators/appleemu.arc - SEE UMICH MIRRORS
ftp://nic.switch.ch/mirror/atari/Emulators/appleemu.arc
ftp://ftp.uni-kl.de/pub/apple2/atari/appleemu.arc
ftp://ftp.wustl.edu/systems/atari/umich.edu/Emulators/appleemu.arc
AUTHOR: Darek Mihocka.
STATUS: Unknown (date on readme file: Dec. 31, 1986).
SHORT DESCRIPTION: An Apple ][ emulator for the Atari ST. Excerpted from the
documentation: "it can be used as a tool to learn 6502 machine language, but
also, it allows the ST to run Apple...software."
ROMS: Apple ][ does not include the necessary ROMS - they must be copied from
your Apple and titled "APPLSOFT.BIN" and "INTBASIC.BIN".
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/emulators/apple.rom
DISK-IMAGE FORMAT: N/A. Binary files must be transferred from the Apple ][ and
then converted using a source code program from Apple monitor hex dump into an
Atari DOS (.BIN) format.
MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS: Atari ST with 512K, colour or monochrome.
FURTHER REFERENCE: "EMULATOR.DOC" (Text file included in the archive).
========================
Commodore Amiga Platform
========================
AppleM (DEMO version)
------
AVAILABILITY: Available for anonymous FTP from:
ftp://ftp.wustl.edu/systems/amiga/aminet/misc/emu/applemdemo.lha
- AMINET & SOME MIRRORS
AUTHOR: Greg Dunlap <gdunlap@ecst.csuchico.edu>.
STATUS: Unknown (date on readme file: July 6, 1992).
SHORT DESCRIPTION: AppleM emulates an Apple ][+ through Rexx C; it supports all
Apple display modes, sound, joystick and language card. Additional enhancements
are available: lowercase text is displayed and the 6502C instruction set is
emulated. There is no disk, modem or printer support.
ROMS: AppleM does not come with the necessary ROMs. These ROMs can be copied
from your old Apple ][ by following the procedures in the "Readme" text file
included with the package.
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/emulators/apple.rom
DISK-IMAGE FORMAT: N/A.
MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS: Amiga 1000, Amiga 500 and higher running KS1.2.
FURTHER REFERENCE: "README" (Text file included in the archive).
RELATED FILES:
Load RAM - Load Apple 2000 programs into AppleM (Rexx C).
ftp://ftp.wustl.edu/systems/amiga/aminet/misc/emu/LoadRAM.lha
Apple On Amiga (version 0.1)
--------------
AVAILABILITY: Available for anonymous FTP from:
ftp://ftp.uni-kl.de/pub/apple2/emulators/AppleOnAmiga.tar.Z
ftp://ftp.wustl.edu/systems/amiga/aminet/misc/emu/AppleOnAmiga.lha
- AMINET & SOME MIRRORS
AUTHOR: Claudio Nieder <claudio@dial.eunet.ch>.
STATUS: Further development ceased. The author no longer programs on the Amiga.
SHORT DESCRIPTION: Amiga On Apple emulates a 48K Apple ][+, with two disk
drives (read/write but not save). It runs BASIC programs at 1/10 the speed
of an Apple ][ and disk access can be as slow as 1/60 of an Apple ][.
Booting can take five to six minutes. Written in Modula-2.
ROMS: Apple On Amiga does not come with the necessary ROMs. These ROMs can be
copied from your old Apple ][ by following the procedures in the "Readme" text
file included with the package (including an uncompiled Apple ][ program which
must be transferred).
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/emulators/apple.rom
DISK-IMAGE FORMAT: Non-standard (size: 230 kilobytes).
MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS: "Fast" Amiga with Workbench 2.0.4, and 1MB RAM free
(such as 25MHZ Amiga 3000).
FURTHER REFERENCE: "Readme" (Text file included in the archive).
Apple 2000 (version 1.3)
----------
AVAILABILITY: Available for anonymous FTP from:
ftp://ftp.uni-kl.de/pub/apple2/amiga/Apple2000v13.lha
ftp://ftp.wustl.edu/systems/amiga/aminet/misc/emu/Apple2000v13.lha
- AMINET & MIRRORS
Older versions as below:
ftp://grind.isca.uiowa.edu/amiga/emulators/Apple2000v1.lha
AUTHOR: Kevin Kralian <Kevin_Kralian@sacbbx.com>.
STATUS: Further development ceased. The author posted a message to
comp.sys.amiga.emulations stating that he will no longer be doing anything
for the Amiga, therefore V1.3 is the last version.
SHORT DESCRIPTION: Apple 2000 emulates a 64K Apple ][+, allowing loading
(Right-Amiga-L) from and saving (Right-Amiga-S) to DDD Apple compressed
disk archives from any Amiga device. All video modes are available
(Text, LoRes, HiRes and mixed), along with a two button joystick.
Apple 2000 is able to instantly load and run Apple files from any Amiga
device (without "disk-booting"). The emulator supports Amiga multi-tasking.
Version 1.3 introduces a number of improvements in the emulator;
be sure to read the documentation.
ROMS: Apple 2000 does not come with the necessary ROMs. The missing ROMs are
the disk-drive ROMs ("_DISK.ROM") and main Apple ROMs ("_APPLE.ROM") - these
ROMs can be copied from your old Apple ][ by following the procedures in the
"Apple 2000.doc" text file included with the package.
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/emulators/apple.rom
DISK-IMAGE FORMAT: DDD archives, plain Apple ][ files, raw disk-images
(size: 220 kilobytes), and DOS3.3 order (DO - size: 143360 bytes) - see Chapter
6 below.
MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS: 68020 Amiga with Kickstart 2.0, 1MB RAM and
ReqTools.library (by Nico Fran�ois). Will not work on 68000 Amiga (A500,2000).
FURTHER REFERENCE: "Apple 2000.doc" (Text file included in the archive).
=====================
Commodore 64 Platform
=====================
Spartan Emulator
----------------
AVAILABILITY: Commercial product.
AUTHOR: Mimic Systems.
STATUS: Development ceased.
SHORT DESCRIPTION: The Apple ][ emulator for the Commodore 64 which was
advertised as offering 100% Apple emulation and other goodies, all for the low
price of US $595, but which turned out to be a package to transfer and re-
compile BASIC programs on the C64.
ROMS: N/A.
DISK-IMAGE FORMAT: N/A.
MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS: Commodore 64 (with V2.0 BASIC).
FURTHER REFERENCE: None.
(The preceding information on the Spartan Emulator was obtained from
information sent by Paul Allen Panks <pap@dana.ucc.nau.edu>).
=================
IBM-PC - Linux OS
=================
Apple ][+ Emulator for Linux (version 0.02)
----------------------------
AVAILABILITY: Available for anonymous FTP from:
ftp://tsx-11.mit.edu/pub/linux/sources/usr.bin/apple2-v002.tar.gz
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/emulators/apple2-emu-linux/apple2-emul-v002-linux.tar.gz
Older versions as below:
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/emulators/apple2-emu-linux/apple2-emul-v001-linux.tar.gz
ftp://ftp.funet.fi/pub/Linux/util/emulators/apple2.tar.gz
(v0.00 was distributed under the filename: "apple2.tar.gz").
AUTHOR: Alexander Bottema <d91a1bo@meryl.csd.uu.se>.
STATUS: Development in progress.
SHORT DESCRIPTION: "It is partly written in 386 (AT&T) assembler and partly
in C. You can switch diskettes using a diskette database through an intuitive
interface. Furthermore, it is possible to trim the speed of the emulator and
it runs in full speed (approximately) twice as fast as an standard Apple II+
on a 486DX-50...[It uses] the svgalib's key scancodes. I've also taken the
opportunity to implement the undocumented 6502 instructions. I've noticed that
at least two games use these undocumented instrucions; Bug Attack and MS
Pacman. Currently I have transfered about 40 diskettes to my emulator and all
programs/games seem to work" (from a post on "comp.emulators.apple2").
Requires compiling (C source code).
NOTE: The Apple ][ emulator at "sunsite.unc.edu" (/pub/Linux/system/
Emulators/apple2.tar.Z) is not part of this emulator's distribution. This is
actually a copy of Peter Koch's emulator (see "apple2.tar.Z" in the Unix/NeXT
section below).
ROMS: Unknown.
DISK-IMAGE FORMAT: DOS3.3 order (DO - size: 143360 bytes).
MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS: (from the original post) Kernel 1.0 and above,
SVGAlib 1.06 but below 1.08, and libc 4.4.4 and greater.
FURTHER REFERENCE: "README" (Text file included in the archive).
(Thanks to the author for his e-mail on the subject).
ProDOS Emulator (version 0.1)
---------------
AVAILABILITY: Available for anonymous FTP from:
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/emulators/prodosemu/prodosemu.v0.1.tar.gz
AUTHOR: Matthew Ghio <ghio@netcom.com> (based on Randy Frank's 65C02 emulator
and I/O code).
STATUS: Development in progress.
SHORT DESCRIPTION: ProDOS Emulator emulates the ProDOS functions of an Apple
//e, using a directory on the Unix system as a simulated drive (Slot 7, Drive 1)
- thus eliminating the need for disk-images. Put the ProDOS files (such as
BASIC.SYSTEM or SHRINKIT) in the same directory as the emulator; under the
emulator the current directory appears as a disk named /UNIX at S7,D1.
Requires compiling (C source code).
ROMS: ProDOS Emulator does not come with the necessary Apple //e ROMs. The
missing ROM is the main Apple ROM ("apple.rom") - these ROMs can be copied from
your Apple //e by following the instructions in the README file accompanying
the archive.
DISK-IMAGE FORMAT: N/A; uses current directory as simulated drive.
MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS: Unknown.
FURTHER REFERENCE: "README" (Text file included in the archive).
=================
IBM-PC - MSDOS OS
=================
Applemu (Apple Emu)
-------
AVAILABILITY: Available for anonymous FTP from:
ftp://ftp.uni-kl.de/pub/apple2/ibmpc/applemu.zip
ftp://wilbur.stanford.edu/pub/apple2/applemu.zip
AUTHOR: Unknown.
STATUS: Further development ceased.
SHORT DESCRIPTION: Applemu emulates a 48K Apple ][+, and allows disk-
swapping. Disk-images are "saved" to directly on the hard-disk from within
the emulator. An option to write protect the disk-image being loaded into
either drive is offered. The function keys control disk-swapping routines.
Unfortunately, most of the more advanced Apple software requires a 64K machine,
and thus will not load on Applemu.
ROMS: Applemu comes with the necessary Apple ][+ ROMs and is ready for use
after decompression. The Apple ROMs are stored in "APPLBIOS.COM".
NOTE: To run Intbasic programs, get the "INTBASIC.COM" file from wilbur,
rename "APPLBIOS.COM" as "FPBASIC.COM", and then rename "INTBASIC.COM" as
"APPLBIOS.COM".
DISK-IMAGE FORMAT: Nibblized Dos Order (NDO - size: 232960 bytes).
MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS: 80286 cpu with CGA graphics (recommended) - according to
the documentation, any PC with "128K memory, DOS 2.0 or greater", although on a
4.77 MHZ 8088 it takes almost a minute to boot a disk.
FURTHER REFERENCES: "APPLE.DOC" (Text file included in the archive). The
"Apple2 Emulation Frequently Asked Questions" guide contains a great deal of
information on this emulator as well as converting disk-image files for use
with it.
RELATED FILES:
INTBASIC.COM - File containing the Integer Basic language for Apple Emu.
ftp://wilbur.stanford.edu/pub/apple2/incoming/intbasic.com
ApplePC (version 2.42a)
-------
AVAILABILITY: Available for anonymous FTP from:
ftp://users.aol.com/davidells/ApplePC/ApplePC.zip (version 2.42a)
Older versions as below:
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/emulators/applepc/ApplePC_2.40.zip
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/incoming/ApplePC_2.30.zip
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/emulators/applepc/ApplePC_2.20.zip
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/emulators/applepc/ApplePC_2.13.zip
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/emulators/applepc/ApplePC_2.12.zip
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/emulators/applepc/ApplePC_2.11.zip
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/emulators/applepc/ApplePC_2.10.zip
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/emulators/applepc/ApplePC_2.06.zip
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/emulators/applepc/ApplePC_2.05.zip
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/emulators/applepc/ApplePC_2.05.zip
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/emulators/applepc/ApplePC_2.00.zip
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/emulators/applepc/ApplePC_1.90.zip
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/emulators/applepc/ApplePC_1.81.zip
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/emulators/applepc/ApplePC_1.80.zip
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/emulators/applepc/ApplePC_1.70.zip
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/emulators/applepc/ApplePC_1.66.zip
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/emulators/applepc/ApplePC_1.65.zip
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/emulators/applepc/ApplePC_1.60.zip
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/emulators/applepc/ApplePC_1.50.zip
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/emulators/applepc/apple2c_1.00.zip
ftp://ftp.gmd.de/if-archive/emulators/appleII/ApplePC_220.zip
AUTHOR: David Ellsworth <davidells@aol.com> (based on code by Randy Spurlock).
STATUS: Development in progress.
SHORT DESCRIPTION: ApplePC emulates a 128K Apple //c. From a post by the author
on "comp.emulators.apple2": "It is extremely fast, has true 'pixel-perfect'
graphics (switchable between mono and colour), a built-in debugger, and
disk-swapping." The emulator will work with it's own (non-standard) //c, //e
files and Applewin's //e ROM file - to provide additional software
compatibility. From v2.00a it also uses Applewin's ][+ ROM to supply an Apple
][+ mode.
ROMS: ApplePC comes with the necessary Apple ROMs, which are supplied in
separate files for the //c and //e ROMs.
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/emulators/applepc/Apple_IIc_ROM.zip
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/emulators/applepc/IIerom.zip
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/emulators/applepc/apple_ii.zip
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/emulators/applepc/plusrom.zip
ftp://users.aol.com/davidells/ApplePC/Apple.II.plus.ROM.zip
ftp://users.aol.com/davidells/ApplePC/Apple.IIc.ROM.zip
ftp://users.aol.com/davidells/ApplePC/Apple.IIe.ROM.zip
DISK-IMAGE FORMAT: DOS3.3 Order (DO - size: 143360 bytes); from version 2.05a
the emulator also supports Nibblized Dos Order (NDO - size: 232960 bytes); from
version 2.40a is also supports ProDOS Order (DO - size: 143360 bytes). It also
supports virtual hard-disk volumes in //e emulation mode only.
MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS: 80386 cpu with VGA graphics.
FURTHER REFERENCES: "APPLE.DOC" (Text file included in the archive).
RELATED FILES:
A2PCText v0.2 - Command-line based program which extracts 40 and 80 column text
images from ApplePC's "save state" file.
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/emulators/a2pctext.zip
HardPC - A couple of virtual hard-disks (.HDV) for ApplePC. One is "empty", the
other contains AppleWorks 3.0. They only work in //e emulation mode.
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/incoming/hardpc.zip
Bootable hard-drive - Details for creating a bootable virtual hard-drive
suggested by Rejean Bazinet:
1) Use debug in DOS to create the hard-disk file by typing:
debug harddisk.hdv
w
q
and return to DOS with the harddisk.hdv file of 0 bytes.
2) Start ApplePC and select 'D' for disk, then 'S' to change to Slot 7, then
'1' and press TAB to select the file harddisk.hdv.
3) Press 'Z' to set harddisk emulation to ON, and press 'S' to return to
Slot 6.
4) Select a ProDOS master disk-image with SYSUTIL.SYSTEM, and type
'-sysutil.system'. Select Format a Disk, choose Slot 7 and Drive 1, and
after the drive is formatted, copy the master ProDOS files to harddisk.hdv.
5) Return to the ] prompt and type 'PR#7' to test the harddisk.hdv.
Apl2Em
------
AVAILABILITY: Available for anonymous FTP from:
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/emulators/apl2em/apl2em.zip
ftp://sunb.ocs.mq.edu.au/PC/Emulators/apl2em.zip
ftp://ftp.uni-kl.de/pub/apple2/ibmpc/apl2em.zip
ftp://wilbur.stanford.edu/pub/apple2/apl2em.zip
AUTHOR: Randy Spurlock <randys@gocart.eng.hou.compaq.com>.
STATUS: See Apl2Em-2.
SHORT DESCRIPTION: Apl2Em emulates a 64K Apple][+, but does not allow disk-
swapping whilst in use. Disk-images are "saved" to directly on the hard-
disk from within the emulator. This means that although Apl2Em can run all
of the 64K multi-disk software that Applemu cannot, you can only pre-load
two disks (D1 and D2).
ROMS: Apl2Em comes with the necessary Apple ][+ ROMs and is ready for use
after decompression. The Apple ROMs in "APPLE.ROM" and the disk-drive controller
ROMs are stored in "DISK.ROM".
DISK-IMAGE FORMAT: DOS3.3 Order (DO - size: 143360 bytes).
MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS: 80286 cpu with CGA graphics (will not display correctly
on a monochrome monitor).
FURTHER REFERENCES: "APPLE.DOC" (Text file included in the archive). The
"Apple2 Emulation Frequently Asked Questions" guide contains a great deal of
information on this emulator as well as converting disk-image files for use
with it.
RELATED FILES:
Appjoy - Modified executable for Apl2Em by Dan Wolfsond <wolfsond@cse.fau.edu>,
which replaces the numeric joystick emulation with a PC analog joystick.
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/emulators/apl2em/appjoy.zip
Apl2Em-2 (Apl2Em v2)
--------
AVAILABILITY: Available for anonymous FTP from:
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/emulators/apl2em/apl2em-2.zip
ftp://ftp.uni-kl.de/pub/apple2/ibmpc/apl2em-2.zip
ftp://wilbur.stanford.edu/pub/apple2/apl2em-2.zip
ftp://wilbur.stanford.edu/pub/apple2/apple2-emulator-v2.zip
AUTHOR: Randy Spurlock <randys@gocart.eng.hou.compaq.com>.
STATUS: Development in progress.
SHORT DESCRIPTION: Apl2Em-2 emulates a 64K Apple ][+, but does not allow disk-
swapping whilst in use. Disk-images are "saved" to directly on the hard-
disk from within the emulator. This means that although Apl2Em can run all
of the 64K multi-disk software that Applemu cannot, you can only pre-load
two disks (D1 and D2).
NOTE: Some people have found a way to "swap" disk-image files whilst
the emulator is running by using the multi-tasking abilities of Windows or
OS/2. It would be a case of moving the "SYSTEM.DSK" file (or whatever the
default DSK name is for D1) out of the A2EM directory and replacing it with
a subsequent disk (also titled "SYSTEM.DSK"). A routine to handle disk-
swapping under OS/2 is available (see below).
ROMS: Apl2Em-2 does not come with the necessary Apple ][+ ROMs. The missing
ROMs are the main Apple ROMs ("APPLE.ROM") and disk-drive ROMs ("FLOPPY.ROM")
- these ROMs can be copied from your old Apple ][ by following the procedures
in the "dumping-ROMs" text file on wilbur. You don't really need the Serial
ROMs to use Apl2Em-2 - just edit the "APPLE.INI" file at Slot 1 to read
"Type=Empty".
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/emulators/apple.rom
DISK-IMAGE FORMAT: DOS3.3 Order (DO - size: 143360 bytes).
MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS: 80286 cpu with CGA graphics (will not display correctly
on a monochrome monitor).
FURTHER REFERENCES: "APPLE.DOC" (Text file included in the archive). The
"emulate-apple2-faq" contains a great deal of information on this emulator
as well as converting disk-image files for us with it.
RELATED FILES:
Apl2em2f - A routine to handle disk-swapping for Apl2Em-2 under OS/2.
ftp://frmap711.mathp7.jussieu.fr/pub/scratch/rideau/misc/apple2/apl2em2f.zip
CAPPLE v2.0 - Routines released by Scott Crow <corvus@am.ucsc.edu> which replace
the keyboard joystick emulation with a PC analog joystick routine, as well as a
speed delay.
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/emulators/apl2em/capple-v2.zip
Lowercase - Activate the full lowercase features of the Apple's character ROM
on the ][+ emulator, with a hex editor, APPLE.ROM and the simple instructions in
this file! From Rich Williamson <glitch@eskimo.com>.
ftp://wilbur.stanford.edu/pub/apple2/apl-lower.txt
Apl2Em-3 (Apl2Em v3)
--------
AVAILABILITY: Available for anonymous FTP from:
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/emulators/apl2em/apl2em-3.zip
AUTHOR: Tew Neal T. <loopy@bert.cs.byu.edu> (based on Apl2Em by Randy Spurlock).
STATUS: Development in progress.
SHORT DESCRIPTION: Apl2Em-3 emulates a 64K Apple][+ (see Apl2Em-2 above for
details). New items added are: adjustable emulator speed, disk-switching, mixed
low resolution and text mode, a fix for low resolution colours, improved high
resolution graphics and joystick support.
ROMS: Apl2Em-3 comes with the necessary Apple ][+ ROMs and is ready for use
after decompression. The Apple ROMs are stored in "APPLE.ROM", the disk-drive
ROMs in "FLOPPY.ROM" and the serial ROMs in "SERIAL.ROM".
DISK-IMAGE FORMAT: DOS3.3 Order (DO - size: 143360 bytes).
MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS: 80286 cpu with CGA graphics (will not display correctly
on a monochrome monitor).
FURTHER REFERENCES: "APPLE.DOC" (Text file included in the archive). The
"emulate-apple2-faq" contains a great deal of information on this emulator
as well as converting disk-image files for us with it.
Apple ][+ Emulator
------------------
AVAILABILITY: Available for anonymous FTP from:
ftp://ftp.uni-kl.de/pub/apple2/ibmpc/apl6502.zip
ftp://wilbur.stanford.edu/pub/apple2/incoming/apl6502.zip
AUTHOR: Steven E. Hugg <hugg@cs.fsu.edu>.
STATUS: Development ceased.
SHORT DESCRIPTION: Apple ][+ Emulator is a partially-completed project with a
number of bugs.
ROMS: Apple ][+ Emulator does not include the necessary ROMs. The ROMs
required are: Apple ROM ("ROM.DAT") and the disk controller ROM ("DABOOT.DAT").
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/emulators/apple.rom
DISK-IMAGE FORMAT: DOS3.3 Order (DO - size: 143360 bytes).
MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS: Unknown.
FURTHER REFERENCES: "6502.DOC" (Text file included in the archive).
AppleUni (version 2.79.30)
--------
AVAILABILITY: Available for anonymous FTP from:
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/emulators/appleuni/incoming/appleuni-2.79.30.zip
Older versions as below:
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/emulators/appleuni/appleuni-2.79.19.pre-release.zip
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/emulators/appleuni/apluni2.73.zip
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/emulators/appleuni/apluni24.zip
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/emulators/appleuni/apluni21.zip
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/emulators/appleuni/apluni19.zip
ftp://friley131.res.iastate.edu/apple2/emulator/appleuni.zip
ftp://ftp.uni-kl.de/pub/apple2/ibmpc/apluni19.zip
ftp://wilbur.stanford.edu/pub/apple2/apluni10.zip
AUTHOR: Andrew J. Kroll <ag784@freenet.buffalo.edu> (earlier versions based on
code by Randy Spurlock).
STATUS: Development in progress.
SHORT DESCRIPTION: AppleUni emulates an Apple ][+; it supports all Apple video
modes except mixed mode with four lines of text below the graphics, has a 32K
language card and allows saving to disk-images. Mixed text/graphics and //e
emulation with 80 column card are planned for future releases. Hard-drive
emulation is supported from version 2.79.
ROMS: Later versions of AppleUni come with the necessary Apple ][+ ROMs and are
ready for use after decompression. The ROMs included (or required) are: Apple
ROM (IIP.IMG), disk controller ROM (DSK.IMG) and the super serial card ROM
(SER.IMG).
DISK-IMAGE FORMAT: DOS3.3 Order (DO - size: 143360 bytes); from version 2.73 the
emulator also supports Nibblized Dos Order (NDO - size: 232960 bytes). From
version 2.79 it also support virtual hard-disk volumes.
MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS: 8088 cpu with CGA graphics (minimum), EGA or VGA
recommended ("the only emulator that will run on an XT, and that fully emulates
Apple's Super Serial Card!" - from "APPLEUNI.DOC").
FURTHER REFERENCES: "APPLEUNI.DOC", "HISTORY.DOC" and "APPLUNI.FAQ" (Text files
included with the archive).
SimIIe (SimSystem IIe v1.0)
------
AVAILABILITY: Available for anonymous FTP from:
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/emulators/simiie/sim2e.zip
ftp://ftp.uni-kl.de/pub/apple2/ibmpc/simiie.zip
ftp://friley131.res.iastate.edu/apple2/emulator/sim2e.zip
ftp://wilbur.stanford.edu/pub/emulators/apple2/sim2e.zip
NOTE: SimIIe is Shareware for ten days;
registration costs $50 (US) + $6 shipping.
American Research Inc.
2120 Deercreek Rd.
Simi Valley, CA 93065.
AUTHOR: Jim Sproul.
STATUS: Development in progress.
SHORT DESCRIPTION: SimIIe emulates a 128K Apple //e, using "clean-room" ROMs.
It allows disk-swapping and saving to a disk-image - in short, is does just
about everything: 80 columns, parallel printer adaptor, FOUR simulated disk-
drives (5 1/4, 3 1/2 and ProDOS hard-drives), real joystick routines and
more! On the negative side, this emulator is extremely slow.
ROMS: N/A (Apple ROMs are not used in this emulator).
DISK-IMAGE FORMAT: SimIIe (IIe - size: 143390 bytes).
MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS: 80286 cpu with CGA graphics, 80486 recommended.
SimIIe will not work on 8086, 8088 or V20 microprocessors, and is not
compatible with Microsoft Windows (it cannot be run as a DOS task).
FURTHER REFERENCES: "SIMIIE.DOC" (Text file included in the archive).
RELATED FILES:
PATSIM2E - A patched version of the SimIIe executable, for computers which
hang after pressing "R" in the configuration screen, giving a black screen.
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/emulators/simiie/patsim2e.zip
SIM2DU10 - Utilities for SimIIe released by Galen C. Hunt <gchunt@cc.dixie.edu>.
These include .IIE and .HDV creation programs and a single file transfer
utility. Source code included.
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/emulators/simiie/sim2du10.zip
SIMIIE_F - A simple patch to fix hanging at the directory/file select box, by
<mpohores@sfu.ca>.
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/emulators/simiie/simiie_f.doc
32MB_HD - A 32Mb virtual hard-disk (.HDV) for SimIIe, containing Apple ProDOS
2.0.3, BASIC.SYSTEM 1.5 and ShrinkIt 3.4, by <beermat@cix.compulink.co.uk>.
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/emulators/simiie/32mb_hd.zip
][ in a PC
----------
AVAILABILITY: Commercial product.
AUTHOR: COMPUTER:applications
12813 Lindeley Drive
Raleigh, NC 27614.
STATUS: Development ceased.
SHORT DESCRIPTION: ][ in a PC is a package which emulates an unenhanced Apple
//e, including all necessary utility programs for transferring Apple II software
bidirectionally between an Apple II and IBM compatible computer. The emulator
supports 128K memory, serial and parallel outputs, two 5.25" drives, two 3.5"
drives, ProDOS hard-disk, 40/80 column text, full colour HiRes/LoRes graphics,
joystick support, and Applesoft compatible BASIC.
ROMS: N/A.
DISK-IMAGE FORMAT: N/A.
MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS: 80286 cpu with CGA graphics/Apple ][+ or greater with
serial card.
FURTHER REFERENCES: N/A.
(The preceding information on ][ in a PC was obtained from a review compiled by
Arthur A. Luna <netcoking@aol.com>).
===================
IBM-PC - Windows OS
===================
Apple II Emulator for Windows (v1.10)
-----------------------------
AVAILABILITY: Shareware, distributed from:
Public (software) Library
P.O. Box 35705
Houston, TX 77235-5705
Use program name: Apple II Emulator for Windows
and item number #11972
Public (software) Library requires a small fee covering the
cost of the disk, plus shipping.
AUTHOR: Teodor Angeloff.
STATUS: Development in progress.
SHORT DESCRIPTION: The Apple II Emulator for Windows emulates an Apple //e,
with 6502 and Z80 microprocessors, an 80-column card, Disk II drives and fixed
disks, realtime clock, joystick and Apple II mouse, amongst other things.
ROMS: Unknown.
DISK-IMAGE FORMAT: Unknown.
MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS: 80386, 80486 or better running Windows 3.1 (estimated).
FURTHER REFERENCES: Unknown.
AppleWin (version 2)
--------
AVAILABILITY: Available for anonymous FTP from:
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/emulators/applewin/aplwinb2.zip
ftp://friley131.res.iastate.edu/apple2/emulator/applewin/aplwinb2.zip
ftp://ftp.netcom.com/pub/ap/applewin/aplwinb2.zip
AUTHOR: Michael O'Brien <mobrien@netcom.com>.
STATUS: Beta testing in progress.
SHORT DESCRIPTION:
AppleWin is a 32-bit Windows program which emulates a "Platinum" model enhanced
Apple //e with 128k RAM. It supports all video modes, including double
high-res and mixed mode. It plays sound through a sound card (preferred) or
the PC speaker. It supports emulating an Apple joystick using the PC keyboard,
joystick, or mouse. It allows saving to disk images and on-the-fly swapping of
disk images.
There are two versions of AppleWin, both included in the ZIP file:
applew31.exe -- Use this version if you are running Windows 3.1 or Windows for
Workgroups. You must also install the Win32s 32-bit
extensions, which are available from the same FTP site.
applewin.exe -- Use this version if you are running Windows 95 or Windows NT.
It is recommended that you switch your video card to 256-color mode for best
performance when running AppleWin. If you are having trouble using AppleWin
with your video driver, or trouble formatting disks under AppleWin, obtain and
install "patch2.zip" which is available from the same FTP site.
If you do not have a joystick driver for Windows, you can obtain "ibmjoy.zip"
from the FTP site. Remember to calibrate your joystick using the Windows
Contol Panel before using it in AppleWin.
By default, AppleWin controls its emulation speed so that it runs exactly as
fast as a real Apple //e. If you would like for it to run as fast as possible
on your system, click on the Configuration button (on the bottom) and turn off
the "control system speed" option.
ROMS: AppleWin comes with the necessary Apple ][+ and //e ROMs, stored in
"APPLE2.ROM" and "APPLE2E.ROM".
DISK-IMAGE FORMAT: DOS3.3, ProDOS and nibblized orders (auto-detecting).
MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS: 80486 or better running Windows 95, Windows NT 3.5, or
Windows 3.1 (Windows 3.1 requires Win32s).
FURTHER REFERENCES: "README.TXT" (Text file included in the archive). Online
help available from within AppleWin.
(Thanks to the author for the description of the emulator appearing above. -
Alex)
RELATED FILES:
IBMJOY - Joystick driver which replaces the emulated number-pad joystick.
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/emulators/applewin/ibmjoy.zip
ftp://friley131.res.iastate.edu/apple2/emulator/applewin/ibmjoy.zip
ftp://ftp.netcom.com/pub/ap/applewin/ibmjoy.zip
Replacement patches for Applewin - fixes some video driver/disk formatting
problems.
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/emulators/applewin/patch2.zip
ftp://ftp.netcom.com/pub/ap/applewin/patch2.zip
AppleWin speed patch - Undocumented method of speeding up AppleWin, suggested
by Bruno Zeitoun <100125.2116@compuserve.com>:
1) Launch Regedit.exe (under Win95)
2) Open HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE/Software/AppleWin/CurrentVersion/Calibation/
CycleGranularity
3) Modify the value: the higher the value, the faster AppleWin runs...
==================
UNIX/NeXT Platform
==================
Apple2
------
AVAILABILITY: Available for anonymous FTP from:
ftp://joyce.eng.yale.edu/pub/appleIIgs/completed/apple2.tar.gz
ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/system/Emulators/apple2.tar.Z - SEE MIRRORS
ftp://ftp.uni-kl.de/pub/apple2/emulators/apple2.tar.Z
ftp://wilbur.stanford.edu/pub/emulators/apple2/apple2.tar.gz
AUTHOR: Peter Koch <koch@informatik.uni-kl.de>.
STATUS: Development in progress. Contact Peter Koch
<koch@informatik.uni-kl.de> for more information.
SHORT DESCRIPTION: Emulates an Apple ][ or ][+ with 64k. Supports disk
swapping. Any disk, which is copyable with COPYA or FILER can be used as
disk image. Supports 40 column text, 80 column text (videx emulation),
lores, hires and mixed modes.
ROMS: Apple2 does not come with the necessary ROMs.
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/emulators/apple.rom
DISK-IMAGE FORMAT: DOS3.3 Order (DO - size: 143360 bytes).
MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS: Unix/X Windows. Since the emulator is completely
written in C, it is very slow. You'll need a very fast machine (and a very
fast X-Terminal).
FURTHER REFERENCES: The "Apple2 Emulation Frequently Asked Questions" guide
contains information on this emulator. There is some more documentation in
the tar-archive.
RELATED FILES:
Emulating - Discussion by Peter Koch on how he built his emulator.
ftp://wilbur.stanford.edu/pub/apple2/emulating.txt
(Thanks to the author for the description of the emulator appearing above. -
Alex)
Apple2Emul
----------
AVAILABILITY: Available for anonymous FTP from:
ftp://ftp.uni-kl.de/pub/apple2/emulators/Apple2Emul.tar.Z
ftp://wilbur.stanford.edu/pub/apple2/Apple2Emul.tar.gz
STATUS: Unknown.
AUTHOR: Rich Skrenta <skrenta@pbm.com>.
SHORT DESCRIPTION: Apple2Emul is an emulator for Unix. Requires compiling
(C source code).
ROMS: Unknown.
DISK-IMAGE FORMAT: DOS3.3 order (DO - size: 143360 bytes).
MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS: Unix.
FURTHER REFERENCE: "Apple2Emul.readme" and "a2.readme" (Text files included
in the archive).
Apple2e
-------
AVAILABILITY: Available for anonymous FTP from:
ftp://grind.isca.uiowa.edu/unix/apple2/ap2e.tar.Z (curses code)
ftp://grind.isca.uiowa.edu/unix/apple2/ap2egl.tar.Z (GL code)
ftp://grind.isca.uiowa.edu/unix/apple2/emu.disks.tar.Z (Disks)
ftp://ftp.uni-kl.de/pub/apple2/emulators/ap2e.tar.Z (curses code)
ftp://ftp.uni-kl.de/pub/apple2/emulators/ap2egl.tar.Z (GL code)
ftp://ftp.uni-kl.de/pub/apple2/emulators/emu.disks.tar.Z (Disks)
AUTHOR: Randy Frank <randy@tessa.iaf.uiowa.edu>.
STATUS: Unknown.
SHORT DESCRIPTION: Apple2e emulates a 128K Apple //e, with an 80 column card
in slot 3 and a combination of cards in slots 5, 6 and 7. Requires compiling
(C source code).
ROMS: Apple2e requires ROMs copied from an Enhanced //e ONLY! and a copy of
the PRODOS file from a bootable ProDOS disk. These should be binary files
named "CDROM" and "PRODOS" respectively.
DISK-IMAGE FORMAT: DOS3.3 Order (DO - size: 143360 bytes). The "aii.docs" text
file contains a short program for creating disk-images on the Apple for use
with the emulator.
MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS: Unix.
FURTHER REFERENCES: "aii.docs" (Text file included in the archive), and the
"emua2e.docs" text file. The "Apple2 Emulation Frequently Asked Questions"
guide contains information on this emulator.
ftp://grind.isca.uiowa.edu/unix/apple2/emua2e.docs
ftp://ftp.uni-kl.de/pub/apple2/emulators/emua2e.docs
a2
--
AVAILABILITY: Available for anonymous FTP from:
ftp://ftp.uni-kl.de/pub/apple2/emulators/a2.tar.Z
AUTHOR: Rich Skrenta <skrenta@pbm.com>; additions by Mat Hostetter
<mjhostet@athena.mit.edu>.
STATUS: Unknown.
SHORT DESCRIPTION: a2 appeas to be an adaptation of Rich Skrenta's emulator
code, for NeXT step. Fast hi-res graphics support added by Mat Hostetter using
WozView. Requires compiling (C source code).
ROMS: a2 does not include the necessary ROMs. The "SNARF" document contains
instructions on how to get a copy of the Apple ROMs.
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/emulators/apple.rom
DISK-IMAGE FORMAT: Unknown (size: 215040 bytes).
MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS: NeXT.
FURTHER REFERENCE: "README" and "NOTES" (Text files included in the archive).
][+ Simulator
-------------
AVAILABILITY: Available for anonymous FTP from:
ftp://ftp.uni-kl.de/pub/apple2/emulators/II+simulator.tar.Z
ftp://wilbur.stanford.edu/pub/apple2/II+simulator.tar.gz
AUTHOR: Ben Koning <ben@apple.com>.
STATUS: Unknown (date on readme file: 1989).
SHORT DESCRIPTION: ][+ Simulator emulates a Apple ][+. Requires compiling (C
source code).
ROMS: ][+ Simulator does not include the necessary ROMs; they need to be
provided in the form of four binary files titled "APPLESOFT.ROM,
"AUTOSTART.ROM", "INTEGER.ROM" and "MONITOR.ROM".
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/emulators/apple.rom
DISK-IMAGE FORMAT: Unix binaries.
MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS: Unix machine.
FURTHER REFERENCES: "README" and "README2" (Text files included with the
archive).
XApple2+ (version 1.0)
--------
AVAILABILITY: Available for anonymous FTP from:
ftp://joyce.eng.yale.edu/pub/appleIIgs/completed/xapple2+.tar.gz
ftp://ftp.uni-kl.de/pub/apple2/emulators/emulator.tar.Z
AUTHOR: Philip J. Stephens <philip@labtam.oz.au>.
STATUS: Unknown.
SHORT DESCRIPTION: An Apple ][ emulator which supports disk-image swapping and
joystick emulation. Requires compiling (C source code).
ROMS: XApple2+ does not include the necessary Apple and disk-controller ROMs.
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/emulators/apple.rom
DISK-IMAGE FORMAT: Non-standard. Includes a utility named "convertdisk" to
transfer disk-images from .dsk and .bin (MacBinary) format to low-level
nibblised format.
MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS: Medium-performance Sun SparcStation IPX or Sun
SparcServer 1000, using a X terminal with 100,000+ XStones of performance.
FURTHER REFERENCES: "README" (Text file included in the archive).
zaniWok
-------
AVAILABILITY: Available for anonymous FTP from:
ftp://ftp.uni-kl.de/pub/apple2/emulators/zaniWok.tar.Z
AUTHOR: Mat Hostetter <mjhostet@athena.mit.edu>.
STATUS: Development in progress. Check the mailing list (email
<na2sig-request@byu-ed>).
SHORT DESCRIPTION: zaniWok emulates a 128K Apple //e, with 40/80 columns,
all graphics modes, and a lot more. Requires compiling (C source code).
ROMS: zaniWok does not include the necessary ROMs.
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/emulators/apple.rom
DISK-IMAGE FORMAT: DOS3.3 Order (DO - size: 143360 bytes), ProDOS Order (PO),
and raw disk-images.
MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS: NeXT.
FURTHER REFERENCES: The "Apple2 Emulation Frequently Asked Questions" guide
contains information on this emulator (and the modifications to the DO
disk-images).
===
YAE
===
Excerpted from a message from Doug Kwan (thanks for the e-mail! - Alex):
"The name of the emulator is now YAE (Yet another Apple ][ Emulator) though the
virtual machine for the XXX platform is still called apple2.XXX. Sources of the
basic emulator (w/o the compiler), is now available at HKU and wilbur. The
file 'yae.tar.gz' is a compressed tar file containing the source codes."
From a post by Doug Kwan on "comp.emulators.apple2" (6 Aug 1994):
>****************************************************************************
>For people not reading comp.emulators.apple2:
>
>YAE is an Apple ][ emulator written especially for RISC based workstations
>running Unix with X. The Sun and SGI versions of YAE have
>run-time code generators tranlating on-the-fly 6502 machine code
>into SPARC or MIPS RISC machine code respectively. The software is currently
>under development and needs testers. I simple document README.apple2.sparc
>is available from wilbur.stanford.edu via anonymous ftp. The file is in
>the directory /pub/emulators/apple2/incoming. It is also available through
>my WWW home page. (See below)
>****************************************************************************
>
>I have just ported the run-time code generator to the MIPS architecture.
>As usual, I would like voluteers to try the new version of YAE for SGI
>workstations and give me feed back. The new SGI version has been tested
>on an Indigo XS 24, an Indigo XZ 4000 and a Crimson, all running IRIX
>4.0.5. I would appreciate if someone test this on an Indy, a Indigo2
>an Onyx or any other SGI machines other than the ones I tried.
>The compressed binary is available at wilbur, look for the file
>
> /pub/emulators/apple2/incoming/apple2.mips.gz
>
>Alternatively, it is also available through my home page
>
> URL http://srg01.csd.hku.hk:8000/~ctkwan or
> URL http://www.csd.hku.hk/~ctkwan
>
>The non-graphics performance of YAE SGI is satisfactory. On an Indigo XZ 4000,
>(R4000) the effective clock speed is ~ 2.5Mhz whereas that on an Indigo XS 24
>(R3000) is ~ 1.5Mhz. Graphics of YAE still needs improvement. Action games is
>playable on most SGI's but the speed is slower than a real Apple for very
>graphics extensive games. For games with medium graphics workload like
>Lode-runner or One-on-One. The emulator run at 90% to above 100% of a
>real Apple on an Indigo XZ 4000. YAE SGI also support 16KHz sampling sound
>emulation on most SGI's I've tested.
>
>Since last week, I have been asked by people where to get the necessary ROM
>images and whether I could give them away. If you are not a regular reader of
>comp.emulators.apple2, get and read the FAQ list of comp.emulators.apple2.
>The FAQ list contains all you need to know about ROM images.
>
>Cheers
>
>-Doug
Yet Another Apple ][ Emulator - "apple2.dec.gz"
-----------------------------
AVAILABILITY: Available for anonymous FTP from:
ftp://wilbur.stanford.edu/pub/apple2/incoming/apple2.dec.gz
ftp://ftp.uni-kl.de/pub/apple2/emulators/d_kwan/apple2.dec.Z
Available through WWW from:
http://srg01.csd.hku.hk:8000/~ctkwan
http://www.csd.hku.hk/~ctkwan
AUTHOR: Doug Kwan <ctkwan@csd.hku.hk>.
STATUS: Under development.
SHORT DESCRIPTION: DEC version of the emulator.
ROMS: Not included.
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/emulators/apple.rom
DISK-IMAGE FORMAT: DOS3.3 Order (DO - size: 143360 bytes).
MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS: DEC.
FURTHER REFERENCES: ???.
Yet Another Apple ][ Emulator - "apple2.ibm.gz"
-----------------------------
AVAILABILITY: Available for anonymous FTP from:
ftp://wilbur.stanford.edu/pub/apple2/incoming/apple2.ibm.gz
ftp://ftp.uni-kl.de/pub/apple2/emulators/d_kwan/apple2.ibm.Z
Available through WWW from:
http://srg01.csd.hku.hk:8000/~ctkwan
http://www.csd.hku.hk/~ctkwan
AUTHOR: Doug Kwan <ctkwan@csd.hku.hk>.
STATUS: Under development.
SHORT DESCRIPTION: From a posting by the author to comp.emulators.apple2:
"In addition to the SPARC based Apple ][ emulator I have uploaded to
wilbur. I have just uploaded another two binaries for Silicon Graphics
workstations and IBM RS6000 workstations (include PowerPC). These files
are apple2.mips.gz (40k) and apple2.ibm.gz (21k) respectively. The non-Sun
versions do not have a compiler built in but games are very playable with
medium fast to very fast workstations. Even with a lot of graphics, the SGI
version runs almost native on an R4000 indigo and run faster than a real
Apple on an Indigo2 Extreme. The SGI version supports audio."
ROMS: Not included.
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/emulators/apple.rom
DISK-IMAGE FORMAT: DOS3.3 Order (DO - size: 143360 bytes).
MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS: IBM RS6000/PowerPC workstations running AIX 2.3.
FURTHER REFERENCES: ???.
Yet Another Apple ][ Emulator - "apple2.mips.gz"
-----------------------------
AVAILABILITY: Available for anonymous FTP from:
ftp://wilbur.stanford.edu/pub/apple2/incoming/apple2.mips.gz
ftp://ftp.uni-kl.de/pub/apple2/emulators/d_kwan/apple2.mips.Z
Available through WWW from:
http://srg01.csd.hku.hk:8000/~ctkwan
http://www.csd.hku.hk/~ctkwan
AUTHOR: Doug Kwan <ctkwan@csd.hku.hk>.
STATUS: Under development.
SHORT DESCRIPTION: From a posting by the author to comp.emulators.apple2:
"In addition to the SPARC based Apple ][ emulator I have uploaded to
wilbur. I have just uploaded another two binaries for Silicon Graphics
workstations and IBM RS6000 workstations (include PowerPC). These files
are apple2.mips.gz (40k) and apple2.ibm.gz (21k) respectively. The non-Sun
versions do not have a compiler built in but games are very playable with
medium fast to very fast workstations. Even with a lot of graphics, the SGI
version runs almost native on an R4000 indigo and run faster than a real
Apple on an Indigo2 Extreme. The SGI version supports audio."
ROMS: Not included.
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/emulators/apple.rom
DISK-IMAGE FORMAT: DOS3.3 Order (DO - size: 143360 bytes).
MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS: Silicon Graphics Iris Indigo (R3000/R4000), Crimson,
Indigo2, Indigo2 Extreme running Irix 4.0.X.
FURTHER REFERENCES: ???.
Yet Another Apple ][ Emulator - "apple2.sparc.gz"
-----------------------------
AVAILABILITY: Available for anonymous FTP from:
ftp://wilbur.stanford.edu/pub/apple2/incoming/apple2.sparc.gz
ftp://ftp.uni-kl.de/pub/apple2/emulators/d_kwan/apple2.sparc.Z
Available through WWW from:
http://srg01.csd.hku.hk:8000/~ctkwan
http://www.csd.hku.hk/~ctkwan
AUTHOR: Doug Kwan <ctkwan@csd.hku.hk>.
STATUS: Under development.
SHORT DESCRIPTION: Apple2.sparc is an emulator still in the testing stage. It
translates on-the-fly 6502 machine codes into SPARC equivalents. Only one slot
6 disk-drive is supported, although the emulator can write to the disk-images.
Check the README file for further emulator specifications. The Apple ROMs
are not provided; they must be copied into two binary files named "APPLE.ROM"
and "DISK.ROM". Only the Sun version supports run-time code generation.
ROMS: Not included.
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/emulators/apple.rom
DISK-IMAGE FORMAT: DOS3.3 Order (DO - size: 143360 bytes).
MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS: Sun SPARC's running SunOS 4.X and Solaris (SunOS 5.X).
FURTHER REFERENCES: The "README.apple2.sparc" document contains basic
information on this emulator.
=================
APPLEIIGS PROJECT
=================
CALLING ALL PROGRAMMERS!
I have been trying to get involved with an APPLE IIGS emulator for a while
now. I am a programmer with 10 years of VIABLE programming experience on
a multitude of platforms (including the Apple II and IIgs).
The problem is that the ONLY emulator that was even being developed for the PC
has been scrapped. I want to get an emulator running on PC/Intel Architecture
by the end of the year. I don't plan on using "clean-room" techniques to
reverse engineer the damn ROMS. We will use what is available. Hopefully, by
the time the project becomes a real issue, apple will release the ROMS to
public domain.
If there are ANY programmers that would like to get involved with this project
PLEASE contact me at:
Steven W. Mentzer (steve@scaryland.com)
ps- If you are an interested programmer, a working knowledge of apple II
architecture and programming techniques is a MUST. Working knowledge
of C/C++ is a MUST. Some knowledge of 80x86 is a real PLUS.
==================
HINDENBURG PROJECT
==================
AVAILABILITY: Information about this project can be found at:
http://www.best.com/~hexman/hindenburg.html
ftp://ftp.best.com/pub/hexman/hindenburg/announcement
AUTHOR: Tony Morales <hexman@best.com>.
STATUS: Work in progress; should be completed mid to late 1996.
SHORT DESCRIPTION: The Hindenburg Project is the code name for a ROM 3
Apple IIGS emulator for the Macintosh. See "The Hindenburg Project FAQ"
for further information.
MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS: 68030, 68040 or Power PC Macintosh with a speed of
25MHz or higher (Power PC recommended).
FURTHER REFERENCE
faq: "The Hindenburg Project FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions, and answers)
1.1" by Tony Morales <hexman@netcom.com>.
ftp://ftp.best.com/pub/hexman/hindenburg/faq
==============================
VirtualGS(tm) EMULATOR PROJECT
==============================
The latest information on the state of this new project can be found in the
"VirtualGS(tm) Project -- DESCRIPTIONS AND CHARTER" FAQ:
Related newsgroup : comp.emulators.apple2
Related FTP site : ftp://joyce.eng.yale.edu/pub/appleIIgs [Home site]
vGS Home Page : http://www.mit.edu:8001/people/jered/vgs/vgshome.html
For more information: <jered@mit.edu> [Jered Floyd]
OR <jered@vorlon.mit.edu>, <root@vorlon.mit.edu>
http://www.mit.edu:8001/people/jered/jered.html
!!!WATCH COMP.EMULATORS.APPLE2 FOR FURTHER DEVELOPMENTS!!!
********
VirtualGS(tm) Project -- PROGRAMMER DIRECTORY -- Last revision: 8/16/94
Name Address, Comments
----------------- -----------------
Jered Floyd <jered@mit.edu>
/ I'm organizing the thing! :-)
Kevin Bell <kbell@cs.utexas.edu>
/
Joe LoCicero (IV) <jolo@joyce.eng.yale.edu>
/ OS/2 Team leader & Our friendly FTP site admin
Thomas Dorris twdorr01@draconis.spd.louisville.edu
/
Philip Stephens <philip@xview.labtam.OZ.AU>
/
Adam Goldman <adamg9@aol.com>
/ The parallel port GS drive designer. How's that coming?
Gal Kaminka <galk@tovna.co.il>
/
Michael Ko <vincie@cs.jhu.edu>
/
Fran�ois-Ren'e Rideau <rideau@ens.fr>
/
Scott Crow <corvus@cats.ucsc.edu>
/
Peter Koch <koch@rhein.informatik.uni-kl.de>
/
Paul Holcomb <pholcomb@ux4.cso.uiuc.edu>
/
Eric Shepard <uerics@mcl.mcl.ucsb.edu>
/
Chris Wood <ccw@ctt.bellcore.com>
/
Paul Schultz <schultp@aa.wl.com>
/
---------
Platforms Lang.
--------- -----
Name Win X11 Linux
DOS MAC OS/2 Amiga C Asm
-----------------
Jered Floyd X X X X X X
Kevin Bell X X X
Joe LoCicero (IV) X X X
Thomas Dorris X X
Philip Stephens X X
Adam Goldman X X
Gal Kaminka X X X X
Michael Ko X
Fran�ois-Ren'e Rideau X X X X
Scott Crow X X X X
Peter Koch X
Paul Holcomb X X X X
Eric Shepard X X
Chris Wood X X
Paul Schultz X X
-----------------------------------------------------
15 Names 8 4 4 6 1 2 0 12 5
-----------
Module
------
Name ROM Mem Input Timer Periph
Address, Comments CPU Disk Video Sound Kern Load
-----------------
Jered Floyd X X X X X X X X X X X
Kevin Bell X X X X X X X X X X X
Joe LoCicero (IV) X X X X X
Thomas Dorris X
Philip Stephens X X X
Adam Goldman X X X
Gal Kaminka X X X X X
Michael Ko X
Fran�ois-Ren'e Rideau X X X X
Scott Crow X X X X X X X X X X X
Peter Koch X X X
Paul Holcomb X X X X
Eric Shepard X X
Chris Wood X X X X X X X
Paul Schultz X X X X
------------------------------------------------------
15 Names 11 7 10 6 6 4 4 5 9 6 7
- ******************************************************************************
3) Emulator resources
=============================
EMULATOR & RELATED FILE SITES
=============================
AMIGA
ftp://grind.isca.uiowa.edu/amiga/emulators/ (128.255.200.3)
ftp://ftp.uni-kl.de/pub/apple2/amiga/ (131.246.9.95)
ftp://wilbur.stanford.edu/pub/emulators/apple2/ (36.14.0.36)
ftp://ftp.wustl.edu/systems/amiga/aminet/misc/emu/ (146.228.10.15) & MIRRORS
APPLE MACINTOSH
ftp://cassandra.ucr.edu/pub/apple2/ (138.23.90.119)
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/emulators/ (198.69.130.252)
ftp://ftp.uni-kl.de/pub/apple2/mac/ (131.246.9.95)
ftp://wilbur.stanford.edu/pub/emulators/apple2/ (36.14.0.36)
ATARI
ftp://atari.archive.umich.edu/atari/Emulators/ (141.211.120.11) & MIRRORS
ftp://nic.switch.ch/mirror/atari/Emulators/ (130.59.1.40)
ftp://ftp.uni-kl.de/pub/apple2/atari/ (131.246.9.95)
ftp://ftp.wustl.edu/systems/atari/umich.edu/Emulators/ (128.252.135.4)
IBM-PC (DOS, MS Windows & Linux)
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/emulators/ (198.69.130.252)
ftp://friley131.res.iastate.edu/apple2/emulator/ (129.186.78.131)
ftp://grind.isca.uiowa.edu/apple2/apple8/Emulators/ (128.255.200.3)
ftp://sunb.ocs.mq.edu.au/PC/Emulators/ (137.111.1.11)
ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/system/Emulators/ (198.86.40.81) & MIRRORS
ftp://wilbur.stanford.edu/pub/emulators/apple2/ (36.14.0.36)
ftp://ftp.uni-kl.de/pub/apple2/emulators/ (131.246.9.95)
UNIX
ftp://ftp.cco.caltech.edu/pub/apple2/8bit/emulators/ (131.215.48.49) & MIRRORS
ftp://ftp.uni-kl.de/pub/apple2/emulators/ (131.246.9.95)
ftp://ftp.uni-stuttgart.de/pub/systems/sgi/ (129.69.18.15)
ftp://wilbur.stanford.edu/pub/emulators/apple2/ (36.14.0.36)
===========================
DISK-IMAGE & SOFTWARE SITES
===========================
A NOTE ABOUT DISK-IMAGES - Like the Apple ][ ROMs, disk-images are duplicates
of copyrighted material; as a result, few FTP sites feel that they can
legally maintain copies of such software. However, from a commercial point of
view, the majority of said software is no longer for sale (notable exceptions
include the Ultima and Infocom series) and most of the companies themselves no
longer exist. Basically, the software in it's original format would not be
commercially viable EXCEPT to the emulator market, but the Apple ][ community
still exists to a greater extent than the C64 and Spectrum platforms (which
both possess FTP sites of disk-image software) so the capacity to transfer
disk-images BACK to the Apple computer is seen as a possible source of
software piracy. Some Apple ][ software has been released into the public
domain, is free or Shareware (as indicated below): these include the Eamon
adventure series amongst others. Most of this type of software is, however,
not in disk-image format and can be found on the FTP sites below.
FREEWARE/PUBLIC DOMAIN/SHAREWARE/OTHER (disk-image format)
ftp://cassandra.ucr.edu/pub/apple2/incoming/PublicDomain/ (138.23.90.119)
Site Maintainer - Kevin Lund <kevin@cassandra.ucr.edu>
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/images/ (198.69.130.252)
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/emulators/applewin/disks.zip
http://www.asimov.net/
Site Maintainer - Patrick Michael Kane <modus@robot.asimov.net>
ftp://friley131.res.iastate.edu/apple2/images/ (129.186.78.131)
Site Maintainer - Brian Jeffrey Hille <bjhille@iastate.edu>
ftp://ftp.uni-kl.de/pub/apple2/disk_images/ (131.246.9.95)
ftp://ftp.uni-kl.de/pub/apple2/emulators/emu.disks.tar.Z
Site Maintainer - Unknown
ftp://res154034.gannon.wsu.edu/apple2/ (134.121.154.34)
Site Maintainer - Michael Kelsey <mkelsey@eecs.wsu.edu>
ftp://wilbur.stanford.edu/pub/apple2/DiskImages/ (36.14.0.36)
Site Maintainer - James Vera <vera@anna.stanford.edu>
ftp://ftp.gmd.de/if-archive/games/appleII/
FREEWARE/PUBLIC DOMAIN/SHAREWARE (non disk-image format)
(see also Q#4 in Part 1 of "COMP.SYS.APPLE2 - Frequently Asked Questions")
ftp://ccosun.cco.caltech.edu/pub/apple2/ (131.215.48.151)
ftp://ionews.io.org/pub/apple/ (198.133.36.6)
ftp://ftp.uu.net/systems/apple2/ (192.48.96.9)
ftp://ftp.uni-kl.de/pub/apple2/ (131.246.9.95)
ftp://ftp.wustl.edu/systems/apple2/ (128.252.135.4)
ftp://grind.isca.uiowa.edu/apple2/ (128.255.200.3)
OFFICIAL APPLE SOFTWARE (incl. MACINTOSH LC //e CARD SOFTWARE):
ftp://ftp.apple.com/dts/aii/ (130.43.2.3)
Apple ][/IIGS/Macintosh system software, tools and information.
ftp://ftp.apple.com/dts/aii/lc.iiecard/iie-installer-disk-image.hqx &
ftp://ftp.apple.com/dts/aii/lc.iiecard/iie-startup-disk-image.hqx
ftp://ftp.apple.com/dts/utils/diskcopy-4-2.hqx
Requires Apple's "Disk Copy" application to read master disk-images and write
them to 1.44Mb disks.
==================================
MISCELLANEOUS SOFTWARE INFORMATION
==================================
(i) Products
Golden Orchard (Apple II CD-ROM) - Primary focus is on the IIGS.
"It contains over 600 megabytes of files useful to Apple II owners, including
tons of freeware, shareware, utilities, games, graphics, sounds, music, source
code, and much more...[it] can be fully accessed on a Mac or Apple IIGS
equipped with CD-ROM drive. (Apple IIe owners can access the ProDOS partition
only.)" ProDOS and (Mac) HFS partitioned (not PC-compatible). Information and
purchase details available from sites below:
email: <digisoft@hypermall.com>
http://www-leland.stanford.edu/~jagaroth/digisoft/orchard.html
(ii) Games -
Bilestoad - Information concerning the port of this classic Apple ][ game to
the Macintosh.
http://www.continuumsi.com/~marc/bilestoad.html
Br�derbund - Lode Runner Fan Site, new levels for LR Classic and The Legend
Returns, Macintosh conversion utilities - might be of some use to the 8-bit
version of the game.
ftp://wcl-l.bham.ac.uk/pub/djh/loderunner/ (147.188.68.4)
Eamon - Adventure series information and links.
http://www.lysator.liu.se/eamon/
Copies of the software available from:
ftp://ftp.gmd.de/if-archive/games/appleII/eamon/
Infocom - The Interactive Fiction archive contains adventure series
information, solutions, Inform compilers, and new ports.
ftp://ftp.gmd.de/if-archive/games/infocom/ (129.26.8.84)
http://www.cs.cmu.edu/afs/cs.cmu.edu/user/wsr/Web/IF/homepage.html
usenet: rec.arts.int-fiction
usenet: rec.games.int-fiction
Lord British/Origin - Non-official Ultima homepages, walkthroughs, maps, cracks.
http://www.udic.org/ultima/
http://www.mindspring.com/~herrin/ultima/
http://www.why.com/ultima/
ftp://ftp.udic.org/pub/ud/ (205.198.168.121)
usenet: alt.games.ultima
faq: "Commodore 64 and Apple 2 Ultima FAQ" by Caliaber Dragon
<Caliaber@primenet.com>.
Scott Adams - Adventure series solutions.
ftp://ftp.gmd.de/if-archive/games/scott-adams/ (129.26.8.84)
Ultima Dragons Internet Chapter - UDIC. Social club whose members share the
common interest of the Ultima series.
http://www.udic.org/ultima/
ftp://ftp.udic.org/pub/ud/ (205.198.168.121)
usenet: alt.games.ultima.dragons
Ultima III - Information concerning the port of this classic Apple ][ game to
the Macintosh.
http://www.swcp.com/~beastie/ultima3.html
Wasteland - Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) file for this outstanding RPG.
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/incoming/wasteland_faq_03-31-1996.txt.gz
http://www.cris.com/~chbaer/wasteland.txt
Screenshots of classic Apple ][ games.
http://jones.netplace.com/apple.html
Videogames - The Coin-Ops-A-Poppin' Killer List of Video Games. See where
some of those Apple games came from (and where some of them went!)
ftp://wiretap.spies.com/game_archive/gameList/ (140.174.164.191)
(iii) Services
Software deprotection tips (by Zelix).
ftp://ftp.stolaf.edu/pub/apple2/apple.tips.txt (130.71.128.9)
Solutions (mainly for newer games, but occasional Apple ][/C64 games - mostly
adventures - are listed. Especially in the "unknown" sections :-) ).
http://wcl-rs.bham.ac.uk/~djh/index.html (The Games Domain)
http://www.et.ee/spoiler/ (The Spoiler's Centre)
SPAG (Society for the Preservation of Adventure Games) is an e-mail zine
dedicated to (mainly) text adventures. Apple ][ and compatible format games
are listed/reviewed.
email: G. Kevin Wilson <whizzard@uclink.berkeley.edu> - subscriptions
http://wcl-l.bham.ac.uk/pub/djh/faqs/SPAG.faq - FAQ
ftp://ftp.gmd.de/if-archive/magazines/SPAG/ (129.26.8.84) - back issues
USoX (Used Software Exchange) is a marketplace for buying and selling used
software. Software for a variety of platforms is supported, including the
Apple ][.
http://www.hyperion.com/usx/index.html
==============
WORLD WIDE WEB
==============
APPLE ][ & RELATED EMULATOR WWW PAGES:
http://geta.life.uiuc.edu/~badger/apple2.html
Jonathan Badger's Apple ][ emulator page.
http://www.unix-ag.uni-kl.de/%7Esteve/emulation/emulation.html
Stefan Hermes' list of emulator homepages. Contains html link to Asimov
archive.
http://jones.netplace.com/apple.html
The Apple ][ Classic Games Page. Contains various screen shots of classic
Apple games.
http://www.cs.umd.edu/users/fms/comp/Emulation/Apple.html
Information on Apple ][ and Macintosh emulators.
http://www.uruk.org/emu/main.html
Emulation software R&D, links to Personal Computing and Emulation page. Main
applicability to Apple platform is information on Macintosh emulators.
http://www.ccn.cs.dal.ca/Technology/AppleUsersGroup/NSAUG.html
The Nova Scotia Apple Users Group. Links to technical information on the
Apple ][ series, Apple ][ FTP sites and other Apple groups online.
http://www.ugcs.caltech.edu/~nathan/apl2.resource.html
http://www.stolaf.edu/people/handel/a2.html
General Apple ][ information and resources, links to other related pages.
http://www.apple.com/
Apple Computer.
http://www.ugcs.caltech.edu/~nathan/a2stuff/companies.html
The Apple ][ Companies page. So far, Procyon, Sequential Systems, KPL
Systems, Digisoft, The Byte Works, and more have things there.
http://www.hypermall.com/byteworks/ (The Byte Works page)
http://www.hypermall.com/ego (EGO Systems page)
=============
USENET GROUPS
=============
EMULATOR NEWSGROUPS:
usenet: alt.binaries.emulators
usenet: alt.emulators
usenet: alt.emulators.ibmpc
usenet: alt.emulators.ibmpc.apple2 (*)
usenet: comp.emulators
usenet: comp.emulators.announce (Moderator - )
usenet: comp.emulators.apple2 (*)
usenet: comp.emulators.cbm
usenet: comp.emulators.misc (*)
usenet: comp.emulators.ms-windows
usenet: comp.emulators.ms-windows.wine
usenet: comp.sys.amiga.emulation
usenet: comp.sys.amiga.emulations (*)
(* = groups which usually feature some Apple ][ discussion)
SOME GROUPS WILL NOT BE CARRIED BY ALL NEWS-SERVERS!
===================
GENERAL INFORMATION
===================
APPLE I INFORMATION:
History and pictures:
http://www.wco.com/~3d5d1wsw/gsezine/GS.WorldView/*APPLE.HISTORY/
APPLE ][ "FSP" SITE:
The A2 Site address is: 134.184.15.12 2424
APPLE /// INFORMATION:
History and pictures:
http://www.ncsc.dni.us/fun/user/tcc/cmuseum/apple3.htm
faq: "THE APPLE /// FAQ FILE" by David Ottalini
<dave.ottalini@pro-applepi.wap.org>.
faq: "APPLE /// INTERNET FAQ" by Jeff Marraccini <jeff@oak.oakland.edu>, edited
by Dave Ottalini <Dave.Ottalini@tcs.wap.org>.
ftp://names.wvu.edu/pub/apple3/ (157.182.140.2)
mailing list: to subscribe, send e-mail to <listserv@wvnvm.wvnet.edu> with a
first line reading "subscribe APPLE3-L YourName". The list address is
<apple3-l@wvnvm.wvnet.edu>. Maintainer: <jfritz@wvnvm.wvnet.edu>.
- ******************************************************************************
4) Compression techniques
The list of extensions below will indicate what format the compression or
translation is; from there refer to the "compression" document for cross-
platform applications or executables. For Apple ][ compression formats (which
are not covered here) check Q#5-9 in Part 1 of "COMP.SYS.APPLE2 - Frequently
Asked Questions".
ftp://ftp.cso.uiuc.edu/doc/pcnet/compression (128.174.5.61)
.arc Arc (Amiga/Atari) - transfer as a binary file ['DArj'/'TEXT']
.arj Arj (PC) - transfer as a binary file ['arc@'/'TEXT']
- .bin BinHex 5.0/MacBinary (Mac) - transfer as binary file ['BnHq'/'TEXT']
- .bsc Binscii (Apple ][) - transfer as a text file
.cpt Compact Pro (Mac) - transfer as a binary file ['CPCT'/'PACT']
# .dsz GNU Zip (Unix) - rename to ".gz" before decompressing
# .gz GNU Zip (Unix) - transfer as a binary file ['Gzip'/'Gzip']
- .hqx BinHex 4.0 (Mac) - transfer as a text file ['BNHQ'/'TEXT']
.lha LHA (Amiga/PC) - transfer as a binary file ['LARC'/'LHA ']
.lzh LHA (Amiga/PC) - transfer as a binary file ['LARC'/'LARC']
$ .shk/sdk ShrinkIt archive (Apple ][ format containing files or a disk-image)
.sit StuffIt Lite/Deluxe (Mac) - transfer as binary file ['SIT!'/'SITD']
.tar TAR/Tape ARchive (Unix) - transfer as a binary file ['TAR '/'TARF']
- .uue Uuencode/Uudecode (PC/Unix) - transfer as text file ['JeFF'/'TEXT']
# .Z Compress (Unix) - transfer as a binary file ['LZIV'/'ZIVU']
.zip PK Zip (PC) - transfer as a binary file ['ZIP '/'pZIP']
.zoo Zoo (Amiga/PC) - transfer as a binary file ['Booz'/'ZOO ']
[Square brackets] denote Macintosh file creator/type information .
- These formats are translators; uuencoding (.uue) and binhexing (.hqx) are
used to convert binary files into text files so that they can be posted to a
binary newsgroup or e-mailed. Binscii (.bsc) is a similar process for the Apple
][; use "Shrink II" on the Macintosh (see below). The BinHex 5.0 format (.bin)
is Macintosh-specific; it is used to append the file/type creator information to
the file in the first 128 bytes. Although emulators such as AppleWin can read
disks with the MacBinary header, for compatibility with other emulators it is
often better to remove the header. On the PC, use "bin2dsk" or "mactopc".
ftp://wilbur.stanford.edu/pub/apple2/incoming/bin2dsk.zip
ftp://wilbur.stanford.edu/pub/apple2/incoming/mactopc.exe
# These formats are single-file compressors - the other compressors on the list
compress AND archive. Consequently, .Z and .gz are often used in conjunction
with other archivers, primarily Tar (.tar), resulting in the following:
"filename.tar.gz" or "filename.tar.Z". Usually easier to remove on a Unix
platform prior to download (use "uncompress" or "gzip" to extract).
$ Okay, so I said I wasn't going to cover Apple ][ formats... Use "Nulib" by
Andy McFadden <fadden@uts.amdahl.com> for the PC or Unix to extract shrunk
disk-images (usually shown by .SDK rather than .SHK) or files from this type of
archive. For Macintosh users, EGO Systems provide a commercial product called
"Shrink II" which can create/extract NuFX/ShrinkIt archives and other Apple ][
formats. Cost: US$39.95, from EGO Systems, 7918 Cove Ridge Rd., Hixson, TN
37343. Phone: 1-800-662-3634. Additionally, Matthew Russotto
<russotto@pond.com> compiled "A2dearc", a Macintosh dearchiver for .SHK, .QQ
and .HQX files.
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/utility/nulib.zip (PC compile version 3.03)
ftp://ftp.cco.caltech.edu/pub/apple2/ARCHIVERS/nulib324.tar.Z (Unix source)
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/utility/A2dearc.gz
http://www.hypermall.com/ego (EGO Systems product information & ordering)
IMPORTANT NOTE: Where a filename possesses two or more extensions (eg.
"filename.tar.gz" or "filename.sit.hqx") ALWAYS download the file according
to the LAST extension (ie. if the last extension is .uue then it is safe to
download it as text). If in doubt, download it as a BINARY file. When
processing, start at the LAST extension and work inwards. Remember, if using
a PC, it is only possible to have one extension visible in the filename at
a time.
To find out more about compression in detail, try the "comp.compression.faq".
ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet/comp.compression/
comp.compression_Frequently_Asked_Questions_(part_1_3)
ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet/comp.compression/
comp.compression_Frequently_Asked_Questions_(part_2_3)
ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet/comp.compression/
comp.compression_Frequently_Asked_Questions_(part_3_3)
- ******************************************************************************
5) Creating/extracting disk-images
Eager PC-owners have no doubt turned quickly to this section to learn how to
read Apple ][ disks in their 5.25" drives... Well, you can't. Basically, PC
drives and Apple drives use different encoding techniques. Check out Part 1,#11
in "Apple2 Emulation Frequently Asked Questions" guide for more information.
But don't panic! Follow this easy two step guide to creating disk-images,
and transferring them to the required computer. The following steps apply only
to standard DOS, ProDOS and compatible disks (those that can be copied by
Copya). More detailed instructions are usually given in the archive packages. To
transfer ROMs or text files (or indeed any file from an Apple ][), just
substitute those files in place of the disk-images in the following examples.
Step One: CREATING DISK-IMAGES
There are several methods of creating disk-images, depending upon either
personal preference or (more likely) the Apple ][ hardware you have available.
The minimum required is an Apple ][ with at least two 5.25" disk drives and a
serial card (preferably capable of running ProDOS). This step has been split
into three sections as follows: (i) creating segmented disk-images (if you only
have two 5.25" drives), (ii) creating whole disk-images, and (iii) creating
shrunk disk-images.
It is also possible to read an image from a 5.25" drive and transfer it at
the same time (if you only have one 5.25" drive, for example). This is covered
in Step Two Part (i), in which case you may skip Step One.
(i) Creating segmented disk-images - The largest obstacle to creating a disk-
image is storing the resulting file prior to transfer. Unless you own a 3.5"
drive, hard-drive or have enough RAM on your Apple to store the file, then
segmenting the disk-image will permit its storage over multiple volumes. This
is useful, for example, in reading a 5.25" disk in Slot 6 Drive 1 and storing
it in two (or more) parts on disks in Slot 6 Drive 2. "DSK2FILE v3.0" by Ron
Kneusel <rkneusel@post.its.mcw.edu> offers segmentation as an option. It will
automatically prompt for a ProDOS pathname and filename prior to start and
halfway throught the operation, thus creating two files. The "CHOP" application
(for MSDOS and Macintosh, C source code for Unix) by the same author can be used
to reassemble the disk-image on other platforms. Alternatively, "Diskread" by
Damon J. Rand <D.Rand@cantva.canterbury.ac.nu>, is a DOS 3.3 BASIC application
which allows the user to specify start and end tracks for segmentation (useful
for varying the size of output files). Similarly, the DOS 3.3 program "Diskdump"
by David A. Curran <curran@titan.ucs.umass.edu> will segment a DOS 3.3 disk into
eight binary files over two disks. The resulting files from both programs can be
rejoined by using the "copy" command under MSDOS or concatenated by any usual
method for binary files on any platform (check the documentation for further
details).
PROGRAM LOCATIONS:
ftp://kreeft.intmed.mcw.edu/Q/pub/apple2/dsk2file/dsk2file30.shk
ftp://kreeft.intmed.mcw.edu/Q/pub/apple2/dsk2file/chop.c
ftp://kreeft.intmed.mcw.edu/Q/pub/apple2/dsk2file/chop.cpt.hqx
ftp://kreeft.intmed.mcw.edu/Q/pub/apple2/dsk2file/chop.zip
http://kreeft.intmed.mcw.edu/software.html (WWW access to FTP site)
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/utility/diskread.bsc
ftp://ftp.uu.net/systems/apple2/unix/diskdump.aaf.Z
(ii) Creating whole disk-images - If your Apple system has enough RAM, a 3.5"
drive, Appleshare volume or hard-disk, then you can store a disk-image in its
entirety prior to transfer. The versatile "DSK2FILE v3.0" by Ron Kneusel
<rkneusel@post.its.mcw.edu> can be used to create whole DOS or ProDOS order
disk-images. "Image" by Randy Shackelford <shack@crash.cts.com> is a faster
ProDOS program which creates DOS order disk-images only. "RTRK" by
Andrew Kingdom <agk@ausom.oz.au> will write disk-images from 5.25" disks to
larger volumes.
PROGRAM LOCATIONS:
ftp://kreeft.intmed.mcw.edu/Q/pub/apple2/dsk2file/dsk2file30.shk
http://kreeft.intmed.mcw.edu/software.html (WWW access to FTP site)
ftp://cassandra.ucr.edu/pub/apple2/IMAGE.SHK
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/utility/rtrk.zip
(iii) Creating shrunk disk-images - "Shrunk" disk-images were not originally
intended for use with emulators, being a type of NuFX archive created by
ShrinkIt. As opposed to a standard .SHK file which usually contains files, an
.SDK file contains a whole compressed disk (for archival or transfer purposes).
This can be extracted to a disk-image under MSDOS or Unix using "Nulib" by
Andy McFadden <fadden@uts.amdahl.com> - and as such, is a better method than
creating a standard disk-image, since the .SDK file is compressed for faster
transfer. "Nulib" outputs a ProDOS order disk-image. Although any version of
ShrinkIt can create shrunk disk archives, it is preferable to use ShrinkIt 3.0
and above (hence using a 128K //e, //c or IIGS) since earlier versions (such as
IIPLUS Shrinkit) don't prompt for a disk-image title within the archive. Without
a title, "Nulib" cannot extract the (nameless) image from the .SDK archive.
PROGRAM LOCATIONS:
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/utility/nulib.zip (PC compile version 3.03)
ftp://ftp.cco.caltech.edu/pub/apple2/ARCHIVERS/nulib324.tar.Z (Unix source)
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/utility/shrinkit34.sdk
Step Two: TRANSFERRING DISK-IMAGES
(i) Creating and sending disk-images "on the fly" - In order to bypass the
problems with storing disk-images on the Apple, it is possible to simultaneously
create and send images via null-modem cable to a Macintosh, PC, Amiga etc.
This requires a serial card and at least one 5.25" drive on the Apple. This
process is intended for older Apples (those with actual serial CARDS rather than
PORTS). "Apple Disk Transfer 1.21" by Paul Guertin <guertinp@iro.umontreal.ca>
is a comprehensive package with MSDOS and Apple ][ (DOS 3.3) executables to
simplify transfer. "MacADT v120a1s" by Hideki Naito <pbc03243@niftyserve.or.jp>
gives a Macintosh interface for ADT. Another similar transfer program is
"Senddisk" by Rich Williamson <glitch@eskimo.com>, which also has a DOS 3.3 and
MSDOS executable. "A2PCTR v1.1" by Nye Liu <nyet@halycon.com> transfers a
disk-image as a hex dump to the MSDOS platform. The "Apple II Disk Transfer
Utility PRO" by Ronald W.H. Mak and Alan W.L. Siu is an integrated Apple II/
MSDOS package written in assembly. For further details consult the instructions
included with the relevant package.
PROGRAM LOCATIONS:
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/utility/adt121.zip
ftp://cassandra.ucr.edu/pub/apple2/incoming/MacADT120a1s.sit.hqx
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/utility/senddisk.zip
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/utility/a2pctr11.zip
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/incoming/apibm206.arj
(ii) Sending disk-images by modem/null-modem cable - With your disk-image(s)
created in Step One, there are several methods which can be used to move them
to your Macintosh, PC or Amiga. Using the serial card or port on the Apple and
a telecommunications package (see Q#3, Step 6 in Part 1 of the "COMP.SYS.APPLE2
Frequently Asked Questions" guide for Apple comm programs) send the image via
null-modem cable to another computer, or via modem to an Internet account, BBS,
etc. The Apple //e and IIGS can be networked to a Macintosh, allowing easy
transferral of disk-images from the Apple to a network volume.
The "][ in a Mac" emulator by COMPUTER:applications, Inc. also possesses
the ability to create ProDOS order disk-images via a null-modem cable.
PROGRAM LOCATIONS:
ftp://wilbur.stanford.edu/pub/apple2/][inamac.txt
(iii) Transferring via disk to compatible drives - As mentioned earlier, the
standard PC 5.25" drive cannot read Apple ][ disks. However, all Macintosh
computers can read, write and format 3.5" ProDOS disks - with the "ProDOS File
System" extension, System 7.5 (with standard DOS-mounting software) or Apple
File Exchange installed. Since Macintosh Superdrives can also read PC 3.5"
floppies, disk-images can by easily transferred to MSDOS computers.
Alternatively, use a Macintosh LC which has the IIE card attached. Place your
5.25" disk into the attached external drive and use the "DSK2FILE" program under
the emulator, specifying either the Macintosh hard-drive, RAM, or the 3.5"
floppy as the path. From there, take the ProDOS 800K disk and insert it into
the internal Macintosh drive.
For Apple //e, //c, IIGS compatibility with 3.5" drives and Macintosh 880K
disks, check Q#37-45 in Part 2 of "COMP.SYS.APPLE2 - Frequently Asked Questions".
Amiga owners with an Amiga 1020 5.25" disk-drive (or equivalent) can use
"Disk2File" by Ron Menelli <menelli@uiuc.edu> to read unprotected Apple 5.25"
disks and create a standard disk-image. A 40 track drive is recommended,
although 80 track drives are supported. There MAY be problems with drive-speed
reading Apple ][ disks; this can be adjusted following instructions
appearing in the "1541.doc" file ("1541" allows Amiga 5.25" drives to read
C64 disks). "Disk2File" is included as part of the "Apple2000" emulator package
for the Amiga.
PROGRAM LOCATIONS:
ftp://ftp.wustl.edu/systems/amiga/aminet/misc/emu/1541.lha
ftp://ftp.apple.com/software/aii/lc.iiecard/iie-startup-disk-image.hqx
(the "ProDOS File System" is part of the disk-image - use Disk Copy to extract).
ftp://ftp.uni-kl.de/pub/apple2/amiga/Apple2000v13.lha (contains "Disk2File")
(iv) Miscellaneous - If you don't have a serial card on your Apple, try
"Ap2222PC" by Clay Chang. This DOS 3.3 program will transfer disk and
sequential text files between the PC and Apple using the Apple game I/O port,
one 5.25" drive and the PC parallel port (use 48K DOS only!). Alternatively,
"Apl2serial" by Warren Toomey <wkt@csadfa.cs.adfa.oz.au> contains details on
connecting an Apple's cassette port output to a PC via RS232 cable, as well as
binary executables for creation/transfer. Or, use "SoundReader" by Mike
Kienenberger <SXMLK@ACAD3.ALASKA.EDU>, which transmits binary data from an Apple
to a NeXT via the audio ports on the respective machines.
PROGRAM LOCATIONS:
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/utility/ap2222pc.zip
ftp://grind.isca.uiowa.edu/apple2/apple8/Emulators/ap2222pc.bsc (A2 archive)
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/utility/apl2serial.zip
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/utility/SoundReader.tar.gz
NOTE: It is a great deal easier to transfer disk-images from the Macintosh
or Amiga to the PC (via 720K or 1.44Mb DOS disks) than it is from the Apple ][
straight to the PC (although there are hardware boards to connect Apple 5.25"
drives to the PC, they are rare). On the Macintosh, use either PC Exchange
software (which allows PC 720K and 1.44Mb disks to be inserted into Mac HD
disk-drives), Apple File Exchange, or System 7.5 (with standard DOS-mounting
software). On the PC, use Macsee or Mac-Ette (both Shareware) or Macindos, which
all read 1.44Mb Macintosh disks. On the Amiga, use Dos2Dos (KS 1.2/1.3) or
CrossDOS (inbuilt KS/WB2.1) to read 720K DOS disks in the Amiga 3.5" drive.
NOTE: Macintosh 400/800K disks are NOT compatible with either Amiga or PC
drives. Always ensure Binary/Data translation rather than MacBinary!
MAKING COPY-PROTECTED DISK-IMAGES
Super Saltine's Transcopy (SST) - A complete package for the expert disk-image
creator! The "Sst.readme" file contains the necessary instructions (which are
too detailed to repeat here). SST may not work on some computers; a suggested
fix from Bob Colbert <rcolbert@oasis.novia.net> follows:
1) Boot the Dos 3.3 floppy with SST on it and get to the ] prompt
2) Type: CALL -151
3) Type: BLOAD SST
4) Type: 1F4E:EA
5) Type: BSAVE SST, A$B00, L$5500
PROGRAM LOCATIONS:
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/images/utility/Super_Saltines_Transcopy/
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/utility/sst.zip (archive of package)
EXTRACTING DISK-IMAGES
It is possible to convert a disk-image BACK to an Apple ][ 5.25" disk.
"UnImage v0.1" by Ivan Drucker <drucker@lclark.edu> will convert disk-images
back to disks. One of the options of "DSK2FILE 3.0" by Ron Kneusel
<rkneusel@post.its.mcw.edu> is to write an image file back to 5.25" floppy.
Alternatively, "DeImage v0.1" by Ivan Drucker extracts Applesoft and Binary
files from disk-images into ProDOS, although the process will only work
with standard DOS3.3 disks (ie. disks possessing a catalog). Finally,
"UnForkIt v0.1" also by Ivan Drucker converts forked files on ProDOS volumes
to one or two unforked files. These utilities all require the disk-image to be
on a mounted ProDOS volume. "Apple Disk Transfer 1.20" by Paul Guertin
<guertinp@iro.umontreal.ca> can transfer a disk-image from MSDOS or Macintosh
to a 5.25" Apple drive via null-modem cable. Finally, it is possible to create
a "shrunk" disk-image in reverse. Having reordered the disk-image into ProDOS
Order (if necessary), use "Nulib" (version 3.2 or greater is required) to create
a shrunk-disk (.sdk) archive. Transfer the file back to the Apple and use
ShrinkIt to decompress the image back to a diskette.
PROGRAM LOCATIONS:
ftp://cassandra.ucr.edu/pub/apple2/incoming/deimage0.1.shk
ftp://kreeft.intmed.mcw.edu/Q/pub/apple2/dsk2file/dsk2file30.shk
http://kreeft.intmed.mcw.edu/software.html (WWW access to FTP site)
ftp://cassandra.ucr.edu/pub/apple2/incoming/unforkit0.1.shk
ftp://cassandra.ucr.edu/pub/apple2/incoming/unimage0.1.shk
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/utility/adt120.zip
ftp://cassandra.ucr.edu/pub/apple2/incoming/MacADT120a1s.sit.hqx
ftp://ftp.cco.caltech.edu/pub/apple2/ARCHIVERS/nulib324.tar.Z (Unix source)
- ******************************************************************************
6) Disk-image formats & conversion
MACINTOSH/PC/UNIX
There are four main types of cross-platform disk-images. The first three are
also covered in Part 13 of the "Apple2 Emulation Frequently Asked Questions"
guide and the last in the "SIMIIE.DOC" file included as part of the SimIIe
package. Nibble images and the creation of images from protected software is
covered in the "Sst.readme" file included as part of the SST package.
THE FOLLOWING INSTRUCTIONS APPLY TO UNCOMPRESSED DISK-IMAGE FILES ONLY!
Disk-images CAN be copied between platforms and they WILL work with a variety
of emulators. If in doubt ALWAYS ensure BINARY translation between platforms!
1) DOS3.3 Order (DO/.DSK) - The most widely-used disk-image format, easily
translated into other formats. As suggested by the title, data is stored track
by track and sector by sector (Track 0, Sector 0 -> Track 22, Sector 15) for a
standard 1:1 copy of a 35 track, 16 sector DOS 3.3 disk (256 bytes per sector).
It usually has a .DSK extension. This image is 143360 bytes in size (143488 with
MacBinary header).
On the MACINTOSH - DO: To use this format with Stop The Madness, ensure that the
file is downloaded or transferred in binary - not Macbinary - mode (and is
143360 bytes) and set the file type to 'DSK5' and the creator to 'A2EM' using
ResEdit, UUlite, etc. STM will *NOT* recognize the disk-image unless it has the
correct file type/creator, even if it is of the correct size and is a binary
file. "Drop?Disk" is a drag-and-drop application which automatically converts
the file type and creator of disk-images for use with STM. There are a number of
utilities for the Macintosh which modify disk-images: "Easy.STM Convert.1.0" by
Jim Surine <xevious@holonet.net>, "Aconv v1.0" by Dan Bornstein and "Converter"
will reorder disk-image sectors into the DO type used by STM.
DO to PO: To re-order the sectors into ProDOS order, use "DOS Order
Converter" by Rene Gaudet <reneg@cpqhou.compaq.com> or "ProDOS-Order Converter"
(the "mapper" algorithm automatically reorders between the two formats).
PROGRAM LOCATIONS:
ftp://cassandra.ucr.edu/pub/apple2/converter.hqx
ftp://cassandra.ucr.edu/pub/apple2/easy.convert.1.0.sea.hqx
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/incoming/do2po_v0.1.sit.hqx
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/utility/Po_to_Do.gz
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/incoming/ProDOSOrderConv.sit.bin
On the PC - To use this format with Apl2Em or Applewin, ensure that the file
is downloaded or transferred in binary mode (and is 143360 bytes) and that it
has an eight character filename and .DSK extension. The current version of
Apl2Em requires that the D1 and D2 disk-images have default names (usually
SYSTEM.DSK and BLANK.DSK respectively), so you will have to rename your
disk-image files to use them. Applewin can actually read .DSK files of 143488
bytes (.bin files) but for compatibility with other emulators it is better to
translate the files correctly prior to use. No other form of conversion is
necessary.
2) ProDOS Order (PO/.DSK) - An older disk-image format (used more widely with
Unix emulators, since ShrinkIt archives extracted by "Nulib" produce PO images)
which is the same size as the DO format. This disk-image stores data in block
rather than track/sector format (block 0, block 1 -> block 279) - the difference
in the structure is due to ProDOS interleaving data in blocks (which equal two
DOS sectors). This image is also 143360 bytes in size.
On the MACINTOSH - PO to DO: The file must be downloaded in binary mode. The
application "Easy Convert" will re-order the sectors of a disk-image into DOS3.3
Order. This will automatically set the file type/creator attributes upon output
to 'DSK5'/'A2EM'. Alternatively, use "ProDOS-Order Converter".
PROGRAM LOCATIONS:
ftp://cassandra.ucr.edu/pub/apple2/easy.convert.1.0.sea.hqx
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/utility/Po_to_Do.gz
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/incoming/ProDOSOrderConv.sit.bin
On the PC - PO to DO: To re-order the sectors into DOS3.3 order, use "Mapper"
by Rene Gaudet <reneg@cpqhou.compaq.com>.
PROGRAM LOCATIONS:
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/utility/mapper.zip
ftp://friley131.res.iastate.edu/apple2/utility/mapper.zip
3) Nybblized DOS3.3 Order (NDO/.NIB) - Unlike the previous two disk-image
formats, NDO is structured by a nibble editor. According to Part 1,#13 of the
"Apple2 Emulation Frequently Asked Questions" guide, "every three bytes of data
have been 'bit twiddled' into four bytes, and each sector has an 'address field'
that has the track and sector numbers." Originally used only by ApplEmu to store
standard software, NDO can be used to store copy-protected or non-standard Apple
disk-images (created by SST - see "Super Saltines Transcopy" in Chapter 5 of
this FAQ). The conversion utilities listed below are solely for use with ApplEmu
(non-protected software) images! This image is 232960 bytes in size.
On the MACINTOSH - There is currently no way to convert either from or to NDO
on the Macintosh.
On the PC - DO to NDO: To convert PO disk-images to NDO (for use with
Applemu), use "Em2Emu" by Tom Baker <tombaker@world.std.com>.
NDO to DO: Use "Emu2Em" by Dan Scholnik <dpscholn@mtu.edu> to
re-order this format back into the "standard" 143360 size.
PROGRAM LOCATIONS:
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/utility/em2emu.zip
ftp://friley131.res.iastate.edu/apple2/utility/em2emu.zip
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/utility/emu2em.zip
ftp://friley131.res.iastate.edu/apple2/utility/emu2em.zip
4) SimIIe (IIE/.IIE) - This format is used solely by SimSystem IIe, and is
recognized by a .IIE extension. According to "SIMIIE.DOC" this format adds a
30 byte header to the binary and GCR disk-images (none of the other formats
possess a header) and adjusts the interleaving of the binary disk-image from
DOS3.3 to raw hardware format. The binary format is used to store non copy-
protected images. This image is 143390 bytes in size. Since no FTP sites store
disk-images in IIE format, there is currently no need for a program to convert
IIE back to DO or NDO formats. According to the "SIMIIE.DOC" this image can also
store GCR format - "disk data in its purest GCR encoded format, the same way it
is stored on a real Apple II...which makes this format suitable for many copy-
protection methods used on Apple II products." GCR format files will vary in
length - usually greater than 200K.
On the MACINTOSH - There is currently no way to convert either from or to IIE
on the Macintosh.
On the PC - DO to IIE: Use "Dsk2iie" to convert disks from Apl2Em (DO) format
to SimIIe format. SimIIe utilities, including "dsk2iie", are available in the
"sim2du10.zip" archive released by Galen C. Hunt <gchunt@cc.dixie.edu>.
PROGRAM LOCATIONS:
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/emulators/simiie/sim2du10.zip
(contains "dsk2iie")
AMIGA
The Apple 2000 emulator on the Amiga uses three disk-image formats (this
section is excerpted from the "Apple 2000.doc" file included with the
Apple 2000 package).
1) DDD - Dalton Disk Disintegrator archives (DDD was a common disk
compression utility for the Apple). The emulator automatically decompresses
them. Archives of this format can be saved on the Amiga and transferred
back to the Apple.
2) .DISK - Filenames with a .DISK suffix are raw disk-images with no
compression. They are capable of storing images of non-DOS and copy-
protected disks, but are about 220K in size. According to the
documentation, this format is to be phased out of the emulator.
3) .PROG - Filenames with a .PROG suffix are executable files; these are
single files that were runnable from Apple DOS 3.3/ProDOS and did not
require any disk access thereafter. These files now do not even require
booting any Apple disk and are simply loaded into the appropriate Apple
memory areas and instantly started.
As to using the "standard" 143360 byte disk-image (see below) with Apple 2000,
they MUST be fully translated and decompressed - especially with regard to the
128 byte header added by Binhex 5 (.bin) on the Macintosh. Then rename the
143360 byte disk-image with a .disk extension.
- **These Amiga formats are included for the sake of completeness - no disk-
images are stored in these formats on FTP sites (except for Apple ][ archives,
which contain Applesoft/Basic files and can be used with the .PROG extension
on the Amiga).***
- ******************************************************************************
7) Working with disk-images
ADDING/REMOVING FILES
Applications exist which allow the incorporation of single DOS 3.3 files -
such as those found on "pure" Apple ][ FTP sites or in the Apple binary
newsgroup - into existing or new disk-images. Programs such as "dsk_in" &
"dsk_out" by Tom Baker <tombaker@world.std.com> and "VIEWDISK" and can write
Apple files into disk-images, and extract same to MSDOS files. The "Apple2
Dos Utility Package v1.0" by William Night <wnight@wimsey.com> contains MSDOS
executables for "DosStrip" and "DFormat" to copy a disk's DOS and format other
disk-images with that DOS (useful for removing or replacing DOS 3.3), as well
as "DiskRead" and "DiskWrit" which read and write files for disk-images. For
Windows users, try "a2dsk v001" by Jeff Miller. On the Macintosh, "Apple ][ DOS
3.3 Utility v1.0.0" and "A2 Disk Edit v1.1.0" by Hideki Naito
<pbc03243@niftyserve.or.jp> offer the ability to transfer different types of
Basic (binary and Applesoft) files as well as text files. For SimSystem disk-
images, use "aftp" by Galen C. Hunt <gchunt@cc.dixie.edu> which browses,
extracts and adds files to SimIIe disk (.IIE) and hard-disk volumes (.HDV) -
part of the "sim2du10" archive. The SST package contains ANSI C, MSDOS and
Amiga executables for "Extract", a file which extracts binary files from disk-
images. "Extract 2" by Bob Colbert <rcolbert@oasis.novia.net> is a newer version
of the MS-DOS executable. Amiga users can also use "afid" by George Phillips
<phillips@cs.ubc.ca> on DOS3.3 disk-images to catalog, read and write files.
"afid" is included as part of the "Apple2000" emulator package for the Amiga.
By the same author, "udisk" is a program (in C source code) which can read files
from ProDOS and C64 1541 disk-images.
These applications are of vital use to use who do not possess the ability to
make disk-images on an original Apple ][; finding a single Apple file on an FTP
site and using it with an emulator is no longer an insurmountable problem.
Unfortunately, all of the utilities described above (except "udisk") are
designed only for DOS 3.3 disks and will not work on ProDOS volumes.
PROGRAM LOCATIONS:
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/utility/dsk_in.zip
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/utility/dsk_out.zip
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/utility/viewdisk.zip
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/utility/a2_dos_utils_v1.zip
ftp://cassandra.ucr.edu/pub/apple2/incoming/A2D33Uti098a1.sit.hqx
ftp://cassandra.ucr.edu/pub/apple2/incoming/A2D33U100.sit.hqx
ftp://cassandra.ucr.edu/pub/apple2/incoming/a2diskedit110.sit.hqx.txt
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/emulators/simiie/sim2du10.zip
(contains "aftp")
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/utility/sst.zip (contains "EXTRACT")
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/incoming/extract2.zip
ftp://ftp.uni-kl.de/pub/apple2/amiga/Apple2000v13.lha (contains "afid")
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/utility/udisk.shar.gz
CATALOGING
To catalog a disk-image without running an emulator, try "catalogger" by
Kevin Lund <kevin@cassandra.ucr.edu> on the Macintosh or "dsk_cat.zip" on
the PC. For SimIIe disk-images, use "aftp" by Galen C. Hunt
<gchunt@cc.dixie.edu> - part of the "sim2du10" archive. The SST package
contains ANSI C, MSDOS and Amiga executables for "CATALOG", a file which
catalogs standard DOS 3.3 images. Amiga users can also use "afid" by George
Phillips <phillips@cs.ubc.ca> on DOS3.3 disk-images to catalog, read and write
files. "Afid" is included as part of the "Apple2000" emulator package for the
Amiga.
PROGRAM LOCATIONS:
ftp://cassandra.ucr.edu/pub/apple2/incoming/catalogger.sit.hqx
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/utility/dsk_cat.zip
ftp://friley131.res.iastate.edu/apple2/utility/dsk_cat.zip
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/emulators/simiie/sim2du10.zip
(contains "aftp")
ftp://ftp.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/utility/sst.zip (contains "CATALOG")
ftp://ftp.uni-kl.de/pub/apple2/amiga/Apple2000v13.lha (contains "afid")
- ******************************************************************************
8) Apple DOS/ProDOS commands
These commands are intended for use with disk-images which contain either
DOS 3.3 or any version of ProDOS. "Changing" the disk-image is equivalent to
physically removing a disk from the Apple 5.25" or 3.5" drive and replacing it
with another. As such, there is no DOS command to "change" a disk-image - it is
a function integral to the emulator you are using... Most disks use custom DOS
(especially games) and will automatically boot when the computer is switched on
or reset. If it comes up with a "*" prompt after boot, it means that DOS on that
disk(-image) is bad, and the computer (or emulator) has entered the Assembly
Language Monitor.
"All disk-related operations are controlled by a special program called the
DISK OPERATING SYSTEM, or DOS. BASIC transmits requests to DOS for any operation
involving the disk. The DOS returns the results to BASIC." ('Apple II User's
Guide' p.164) Several versions of DOS exist for the Apple. DOS 3.2 used 13
sector per disk; DOS 3.3 used 16. Filenames under DOS 3.3 could be from 1 to 30
characters in length (comprising any uppercase keyboard character - including
spaces and excepting commas). DOS 3.3 cannot accept lower-case commands (so
remember to press CAPS LOCK on ][+ machines and emulators) and does not support
sub-directories. ProDOS similarly uses uppercase filenames but they are
restricted to 15 characters, lowercase commands and sub-directories are
accepted. Both DOS 3.3 and ProDOS use the "]" prompt. DOS 3.3 also uses the ">"
prompt for Integer BASIC programs.
A partial list of commands follows:
BLOAD - Loads a machine language file.
BRUN - Executes a machine language file.
BSAVE - Saves a machine language file.
BYE (ProDOS only) - Exits BASIC.SYSTEM.
CAT (ProDOS only) - Abbreviated 40-column catalog giving a list of files,
file type, size in blocks and last modification date. Some common ProDOS file
type are given below:
SYS - System executable
TXT - Text file
BAS - Applesoft BASIC program (executable)
BIN - Machine language (binary) file
CATALOG - Under ProDOS, it provides an 80-column listing giving a list of files,
file type, size in blocks, modification and creation dates, endfile data and
subtype. Under DOS 3.3 it produces a list of files, file type, size in sectors
(1 - 255) and disk label. Common DOS 3.3 file types are given below:
A - Applesoft BASIC programs
B - Binary image files
I - Integer BASIC programs
T - Text files
R - Relocatable binary
S - ?
* - File is locked (protected from modification/deletion)
CREATE (ProDOS only) - Creates sub-directories.
DELETE - Deletes UNLOCKED files. The command can specify slot, drive or volume
number (DOS 3.3) or volume prefix (ProDOS); otherwise it assumes the file is
in the current directory.
EXEC - Executes a text file; any text file containing a BASIC program will be
automatically input as though it was typed. Direct commands will be executed.
Thus BASIC programs can be more easily entered into a text-editor and then
EXECuted on an Apple, and then saved.
INIT - Initializes a disk under DOS 3.3, with a greeting program of choice
(typically named HELLO). Usage INIT HELLO.
LOAD - Loads an Applesoft BASIC (or Integer BASIC under DOS 3.3) file.
LOCK - Locks a file.
PREFIX (ProDOS only) - Changes sub-directory.
RENAME - Renames files. Usage RENAME OLDNAME,NEWNAME under DOS 3.3.
RUN - Executes an Applesoft or Integer BASIC program under DOS 3.3; Applesoft
only under ProDOS (which does not support Integer BASIC). To execute any
ProDOS filetype, use the "-" character instead of RUN or BRUN.
SAVE - Saves an Applesoft BASIC file. Since it is saved into a "tokenised"
format (ie. Applesoft reserved words are replaced by ASCII codes or "tokens")
the BASIC files are not plain text. To reverse the EXEC command and produce a
plain text copy of a BASIC file; place the following line in the BASIC
program and RUN:
0 TEXT:PRINT CHR$(21):HOME:POKE 33,33:PRINT CHR$(4);"OPEN filename.txt":PRINT
CHR$(4);"WRITE filename.txt":LIST 1,63999:PRINT CHR$(4);"CLOSE filename.txt":
TEXT:END (suggested by Dave Althoff, Jr. <dalloff@freenet.columbus.oh.us>).
UNLOCK - Unlocks the file.
VERIFY - Verifies file (under DOS 3.3, it recalculates the checksum for each
sector of the file).
- ******************************************************************************
9) Further Reading
The respective documents for each emulator are in their archive package.
The Apple ][ documents I mentioned (and related items of interest) are listed
alphabetically below:
"Apple2 Emulation Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)" by James Vera
<vera@anna.stanford.edu> and Tom Baker <tombaker@world.std.com>.
ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet/news.answers/emulate-apple2-faq
http://www.cis.ohio-state.edu/hypertext/faq/usenet/emulate-apple2-faq/faq.html
'Apple II User's Guide' by Lon Poole with Martin McNiff & Steven Cook. (c) 1981
OSBORNE/McGraw-Hill, 630 Bancroft Way, Berkeley, California 94710, USA. ISBN
0-931988-46-2. Exerpts are quoted without permission.
"AppleUni FAQ" is a compilation of E-Mail questions from Peter Pauen and was
prepared by Andrew J. Kroll <ag784@freenet.buffalo.edu>. The FAQ is included in
the AppleUni archive (see "AppleUni" in Chapter 2 of this FAQ).
"Commodore 64 and Apple 2 Ultima FAQ" by Caliaber Dragon
<Caliaber@primenet.com>; this FAQ appears regularly on alt.games.ultima.dragons.
"COMP.EMULATORS.APPLE2 FAQ" - see "Apple2 Emulation Frequently Asked Questions"
"COMP.SYS.APPLE2 - Frequently Asked Questions (and answers)" by Dan DeMaggio
<dmag@umich.edu>; this FAQ appears regularly on comp.sys.apple2.
ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet/news.answers/apple2/part1
ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet/news.answers/apple2/part2
"The Hindenburg Project FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions, and answers) 1.0" by
Tony Morales <hexman@netcom.com>.
ftp://ftp.netcom.com/pub/he/hexman/hindenburg/faq
"VirtualGS(tm) Project -- DESCRIPTIONS AND CHARTER" by Jered Floyd
<jered@mit.edu>.
ftp://joyce.eng.yale.edu/pub/appleIIgs/info/VirtualGS.Info.unix
http://www.mit.edu:8001/people/jered/vgs/vgshome.html
For a list of general emulators (listed by platform/processor emulation), try:
"COMP.EMULATORS.MISC Frequently Asked Questions" by Adam Roach
<adam.roach@exu.ericsson.se>; this FAQ appears regularly on comp.emulators.misc.
ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet/news.answers/emulators-faq/part1
ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet/news.answers/emulators-faq/part2
ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet/news.answers/emulators-faq/part3
*****END OF FILE*****
Alex Maddison Address: PO Box 6399
North Sydney Shoppingworld
Email: alexm@zip.com.au NSW. 2060
Phone: (019) 992-610 Australia
--
"Sometimes I just feel like giving this whole thing up and just writing a
musical...I've got a story...Jack the Ripper."
"As a MUSICAL?"
"So he's an anti-hero! I've got a title: Love Hurts."
- Zachary and Beatrice ("The Wanderer")