💾 Archived View for gmi.noulin.net › mobileNews › 3949.gmi captured on 2023-01-29 at 06:25:45. Gemini links have been rewritten to link to archived content

-=-=-=-=-=-=-

Apple s share price - iRational?

2012-03-27 04:08:21

Apple is an iconic brand. Now it is a totemic investment, too

Mar 24th 2012 | London and San Francisco | from the print edition

THE new iPad, which was released on March 16th, is the most popular version of

the tablet yet. Apple sold 3m of them in just four days. But some buyers took

to discussion forums to report that it has a tendency to heat up. A similar

debate exists about Apple s stock.

The company s share price has risen by 83% in the past year, and by almost 50%

so far in 2012. Apple is now easily the largest company in the world by market

capitalisation, at some $565 billion. It looms over Exxon Mobil, which is worth

a mere $408 billion. Since the start of this year it has added $187 billion to

its valuation, roughly equivalent to the entire market caps of companies like

Procter & Gamble, Johnson & Johnson and Wells Fargo. Apple is larger than the

American retail sector combined.

It accounts for 4.5% of the S&P 500 and 1.1% of the global equity market (see

chart 1). Some bank analysts have started to report America s corporate

earnings without Apple, because including the firm so skews results.

Fourth-quarter earnings are expected to have risen by 6.7% from the prior year

for companies in the S&P 500, but by a much more modest 3.6% if Apple is

excluded, according to UBS.

Around a third of all hedge funds own it, including big names like SAC Capital

and Greenlight. Some have made very big bets. Citadel s $5.1 billion stake in

Apple (as of December 31st) accounted for around 12% of its equity portfolio.

Many hedge funds that have done well in the past year owe much to this single

position.

The stock s gains this year have not only boosted the spirits of shareholders

but also brightened the whole equity market. Apple is responsible for more than

10% of the S&P 500 s rise this year (see chart 2), and for 39% of the NASDAQ

100 s gains. No other stock has ever grown to have such a significant impact on

an index so quickly, says Howard Silverblatt of Standard & Poor s, a ratings

agency.

The share price keeps soaring. On March 20th, a day after Apple announced it

would use some of its cash hoard (estimated at $97.6 billion at the end of

2011) on a quarterly dividend and a $10 billion share buy-back, its shares

closed at a record high of $605.96. This is the first time in 17 years that

Apple will pay a dividend. Dividend funds, which had not considered investing

in Apple before, could pile in, potentially pushing the price higher still.

Most analysts remain committed fans of the shares. Some claim that a $1

trillion valuation could soon be possible. The bullish case runs as follows.

Apple has low penetration in the personal-computer and smartphone markets, and

can hook millions more customers in emerging markets like China and Brazil.

Although questions remain over how much of Apple s innovation was due to its

magician-in-chief, Steve Jobs, who died last October, the launch of the new

iPad has calmed nerves somewhat. Apple is poised to enter new arenas like

television and mobile payments.

The firm still has a ton of cash to invest in new products and ward off

emerging threats. Horace Dediu of Asymco, a data-analysis firm, has estimated

that even after the dividend payout and any buy-back activity this year, Apple

could still end 2012 with over $35 billion more in the bank than it had at the

end of the previous year. With an historic price-earnings (p/e) ratio of 22,

shares are not as dear as you might expect, and look even more attractive when

the p/e is calculated based on forward earnings. Apple s revenues are forecast

to grow by at least 51% in fiscal-year 2012 and by 23% in 2013, according to

Morgan Stanley.

Others reckon that the outlook for its business is not the only thing that has

been driving the steep ascent of Apple s shares. The stock has seen such heavy

gains in recent weeks that many investors can t afford not to have Apple in

their portfolio. Fund managers that are judged against a benchmark where Apple

is heavily weighted, like the NASDAQ 100 or the S&P 500 technology index, have

to scramble to keep a heavy exposure to Apple. The speed of the move and the

size of the company scare people who haven t got it, says Andy Ash of Monument

Securities. The danger is that you end up with everyone buying it because they

have to rather than because they want to.

Some wonder whether the stock is headed into bubble territory. Apple s p/e is

much lower than that of stocks in the dot-com bubble; America Online s was a

ridiculous 154 in 1999. But contrarian thinking is thin on the ground. There is

very little short interest in Apple. Call options, which give the right to

buy Apple stock, are much more expensive than puts , which give the right to

sell the stock, says Mark Sebastian of Option Pit, a consultancy. Of the 54

analysts who track Apple stock, only one has a sell rating, according to

Bloomberg. Robert Shiller, a Yale economist and author of Irrational

Exuberance , reckons that the emotional attachment to the Apple story and

wild enthusiasm about its stock are reminiscent of a bubble. You could play

the bubble, because it might not be over yet, but I wouldn t put money in Apple

stock, he says.

Even if bubble talk is over the top, a higher share price is justified only if

Apple continues to meet earnings expectations. That usually gets harder. The

stocks of market-leading companies historically underperform once they have

reached the top slot, since they are less nimble and more vulnerable to attacks

by regulators and the press. It is harder to continue impressive earnings

growth on a large base. Even a modest earnings miss could have a big effect on

the share price, since more of Apple s shareholders today are fickle traders.

If there was a fall, it would ripple. Technology investors, which have a higher

concentration of Apple in their portfolios, are the most vulnerable. Apple

makes up more than 18% of PowerShares QQQ, an exchange-traded fund with heavy

exposure to technology stocks, for example. More unsettling are funds that have

strayed into buying Apple against their mandate, including some mutual funds

that are supposed to focus on smaller companies. If Apple has a wobble, you

could see it dictate broader market movements, says Alec Levine of Newedge, a

broker.

Hedge funds could be among the biggest losers. They look clever now for buying

a stock that has seen such a rise, but they will look dumb if they lose money

when it falls. Some may question whether they should earn such high fees simply

for buying into the world s most valuable listed firm. Where s the genius

there?

from the print edition | Finance and economics