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By Daniel Boettcher Science correspondent, BBC News
Voters in elections are more likely to pick candidates with a deeper voice, a
new study has suggested.
Researchers at two US universities made recordings of both male and female
speakers and then altered the pitch of their subjects' voices.
In the study, published in Proceedings of the Royal Society B, listeners
"voted" more frequently for the "candidate" with the lower voice.
Researchers now want to test their findings in a real political situation.
Previous research has found that the pitch of a human voice can strongly
influence how people are perceived.
This study looked at how it may affect the way we choose leaders.
Seventeen women and 10 men were recorded saying the phrase: "I urge you to vote
for me this November."
Vocal coach
Each of the recordings was then modified electronically, changing the pitch to
create pairs - one higher and one lower than the original. Both were then
played to the "voters" taking part in the study.
Researchers found that those listening to the recordings were more likely to
vote for the candidate with the deeper voice regardless of whether the speaker
was male or female.
One of the authors, Casey Klofstad from the Department of Political Science at
the University if Miami said "Candidates already know about this and they have
been using vocal coaches to enhance their electability and what we have done is
proven the folk wisdom that the structure of the human voice matters and
actually shown that scientifically."
Margaret Thatcher in 1983 Former Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher had vocal
coaching to lower the pitch of her voice
A different study published last November also found a preference for lower
voices. Rather than playing recordings of hypothetical candidates it used
archive material of former US presidents.
Researchers say there is a chance that in the earlier work participants might
have recognised the voices or based their choices on political preferences.
They believe this latest work also goes further because for the first time it
used both male and female voices.
Rindy Anderson who worked on the research at Duke University in North Carolina
said: "It's clear that our voices carry more information than the words we
speak. Knowing this can help us understand the factors that influence our
social interactions and possibly why there are fewer women elected to
high-level political positions."
In another part of the study, researchers found that women with lower voices
were perceived to be stronger, more trustworthy and competent.
Prof Sophie Scott, a specialist in human communications at UCL's Institute of
Cognitive Neuroscience, told the BBC that both men and women deliberately
choose to speak with particular pitches.
"What we're showing with our voices is what we consider to be an appropriate
way of speaking and to show things about ourselves that we want other people to
like about us or know about us.
"You can't treat the voice as some passive thing reflecting back very
simplistic information about people."
The researchers behind this latest work now want to move beyond hypothetical
elections in a laboratory and to test what they have found in real elections.