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$2
JUNE, 1986
VOLUME THREE, DUMBER SIX
Computer Crime Review
The National CeuteT U>r CoiupuUi Crime DaLa. purveyors
of fWt'ipiLl^r CiilYLC: W\vtn:r'i , IlTiVT: ;i V iimh-leJ U. Statistical report
e n t i 1 1 ed Cot i ; p ui < • r Cr it tie, C 'ornpu t cr Sea i r i ly, a t \d Co mpuier
Ethics.
This ncpwt, (]jc 1ir$c stuctl one, reviews measura ble trends in
Computer crime and tom putci use. It docs this using graph ic
regn CSCrUin ion^ 10 pmscui i.ts iflfoitriulibfl accompanied by
brief introductions.
The National Center for Computer Crime Data's (NCCCD)
report is an v.soclkrit guide tor those who are selling computer
policy around the country in industry, in government, and
through user groups. It provides some empirical basis for the
'War Clamc-Lsh’ attitude that is usually eaten by the computer
i Lid* [Vile facets of computer pow‘er — suimety industry and
government. In a form that can easily be dialed by the
illiLerales, I he repeal includes seemingly irrelevant data (to
cnmpirtci users) that, in fact, provide* background that the
illiterates (toed. This is especially true for I In: graphs of world
wide semiconductor CO ilium pi ion, COrrlpuler sales, projected
jijhoi populal ion growl h. and an undocumented map of federal
communication networks . ' I hese all add to the message that sve
all know: "Computers am important,
Ck*OSl tHril'd beiiHlii bini
f*-.r ►■n\"S>Triim ( , .T.rO r„*.
One of the NCCCD Report '* not iceable coticl usions is- tlia I
Ihe amount of computet eriuie has increased, that few are
punished for it. that we are becoming more aud more
dependent upon computers, a od that there is little awareness of
security, relevant laws, and security procedures.
This information, taken t w o-d i me n s i cua Lly , says that we
► should make many strong computer-oriented laws 10 protect
our national itilcresi a War Games response.
Taken another way, tlie TepOrl loll* US that computers are
becoming a more significant part of society and are being taken
for granted as is television, and os such, we should act
Cautiously when passing computer law*.
M computers a re becoming so in i i i nsie in American and
international life, we must think twice before legislating them ,
Stealing is had. but KBS's and commercial database*, have
entered the realm of our F'i rst A intendment rights to free speeeh.
and this is the most precious th iilg wo have,
Perhaps our attention m the subjecl of COmpUtd crime
should be di awn more toward i ndustry. What are they doing
with the information that they sdOie? Why i* then darn so easy
10 steal? Should rltey be more responsible to those who are
dragged along with Ihe burden thal they cariy? If rliey want
your ertd it history, bank statements, arrest record s. and other
Transactional data* sn badly, why (Sony they take rare of it
once they have it?
Lcmputer Laws nllect both the user and industry, but are
sponsored only by industry. By Lobbying for legislation,
industry gains its semblance of scenriiy from laws and Jaw
enforcement agencies who k n u w nothing about
telecommunications and computers. Industry must do its parL
to strengthen its integrity against attack from a computer
criminal and not depc ad on laws to do tire job. As world powers
(who is it who sa id "k now I edge is powe r'?), companies often do
not accept their responsibilities.
An example that is usually cited is the case of GTE-Telema il
on Telenet. W hen Telcma ij was breached hack in I hackers
said. Tr was sn easy rhat I could not resist." At that time all new
1 elemai I accounts had a default password ol the letter "A". A
full six mouths Ifllcr (even 0s people were being indicted}, the
default password was the same. By allowing th is sltuat ion to
cordinuc (they were even aware of the I rouble four months
before comport Cl's were suievd i I1 October. 1 9 SSl), J elemail 's real
intent ions and real commitment to computer security were
displayed. It is possible that this really reflects a lack of
communication between CITE administrators and G [ L'
ptogra mmeri. Telenui i I was concerned enough to involve the
I HI, make headlines, but not concerned enough to rectify the
situation,
On a system as hip a* '! -elemail . it i s almost enmina I to lia VC a
one-letter passwoid.
If wo think abou l COmpti tens us mere than just tools, as in the
rase of JJHS 's, we real ire 1 hat wc have to p roc red witSi caul i on
when it comes to computer law*. Anarchy will not restill if we
do not move fast , because it ln'i s a Iw^iy* been a crime to steal
money a nd government secrets.
I he results In the report were d pawn from iitfomwitiOit from
[ ,10 prosecutors ' offices in states w ith computer crime laws. A
mujor conclusion of the report is that computer Ct ime has boeit
"dcmoeiatlAXl", lL Th<: Memos-ratirulion' of computer crime
does i:01 mean Ltuil we no longer have to fear computer
geniuses, just that we cannot I ini it our focus to 1 hem. Like every
cl her type of crime compute! crime will ultimately reflect Ihe
culture that surround* plir computers. ” Computer crimina fcs
are noi just hackers, but are employers, consultants, and
programmers.
The most useful part of the report is the summary of all the
provisions of the 45 state com putcr crime law-, in an easy tu read
rablc .
TheNCCCD isa rereareh institute which studies all facets of
computer crime. It. was created to help answer legal, recnrily.
accounting, moral, and technological 4U1S.-I ion* dial com pu ter.
crime poses. 1 1 publishes 1 he CompukrCrima; L^lw Reporter, a
collect ion of current computer legislation, and other
pu bLieatious.
C&n\pi(H T r Crime, Computer Security, Computer Etirics, Jay
Bioo 1 1 1 Beck cr . FdiSt) f . A va iia h iV/b.im ihr iV(V (iom/lQrnt cr for
C&tttpuiCrCfimf Dii<afori 28 aiZTtttt :V. C-Qfuirrjga
Suite 2 ! id. Los A w:!?!., California 9 m$- Cati( 2 l 3 ) 8 SQ 4 SQ 9
for information.
How To Hack A Pick
" •• lu ' i town: thing to Pick in $k V and feel Is probably UNIX.
ft.;th are hi*, complex operating systems this! are mi-grit tiny
dvwn to tite microcomputer world after having hern developed
and refined on minicomputers. Penh systems art sophisticated
and vtr\' jsowerfnl am! hash rend to produce vehement
partisans. One of tin.- big differences, though, h that UNIX
partisans tend to be programmers, especially systems
programmers. Pick's- partisans tend to be users and
apphetit ions programmers. Of the two systems, UNIX is the
more p m«. i erfu l for se ter it\fic at id eng ini -cr 1 , 7 , 1 ; app he a it mis. Pick ,
by its structure, fy better adapted for business and managerial
app Sita t tom,
ti\d Pick is hardly perfect, Strut tured programming purists
shudder over the fact that Pick's, cm/y high-level language Is an
extensively reworked version of BASIC. The present release is
Multiuser but not multitasking., and rather lacking in
communications capability. Some of the UNIX-type concepts,
-uch as pftes and jitters, which are becoming widely available
on other operating systems r are not fully developed in pick.
Software hackers generally dislike Pick because it it difficult to
get inside the system and play with a (BYTE magazine
October !Q#4)
The issue of security on F h iek is not often considered, because
1 hero is a hti ost no kku ril y on Pick, 1 1 is therefor tr. wrt casv lo
eraok a Rick system. Once a nser has gained Recess ton system,
lieonpenisr irtfc.fllicd.atti. Mast people have not heurd of the
Kick operating system, but there ait now 60 ODD sites ?0
tin hi bytes of data, and -1W.OOO usets. What is Pick, mid who
cares"?
I he Pick operating sysLem contains many more functions
'h.a,n [post. It has an English like no up ru eed u ra I query
language, II compiled SASIC language, a JCL-Like procedure
Language culled PTCQC, and a Cuictmund Einc interpreter called
Terminal Control Language jftCL). Pick runs on
microcomputer* (IBM PU-XT) and mainframes (IBM MSn,
d3 , x f- clc ) However most Pick implementations 41 re on
minicomputers with five to fifty terminals. These Are the mosl
vulnerable 10 cracking, because Ifiey often have auLcj-answer
telephone modems,
Once a Crackei has a logon prompt from a Pick .system, hs
can continue tryi rtg to login until he fl nds 4 t valid use t- number
and password. The system wilt not hang up after repeated
in ili.i ret. Fasswoids- are almost always upper ease lettcs, and
often short. 'There is always an account called SYS FR( K 5 on
every Pink system Jliis Is also the host account to crack,
betause it has operator access to the system,
Perusing Data
A ttcr crack ine the SY£pR(X ] password, you ca n drop out of
the menu to FO ., Tr there is no explicit option u-n Lhc menu, the
command 'TCL 1 " usually works. Type SORT ONLY DICT
SV STEM J rom 1 CL. and a list of all aece/iiu I $ un the system is
displayed , E"o pet a d i redory of the Dies on any account, tvpe
”3 rs I ^facormnO' < . To look through the items in the tiles. vii U
mtist first make a pointer untie file in SYSPKOCi. Tvpe “SET-
FILE {acCdurU) (file) 1 ". Then type “COPY QH 1 .F *"and when
the system says ,l TO;L hit a carriage return.
(.'riching (he System
AIL that has to he done In crash any Pick system it to type
control break until a "’'"prompt is displayed, Type "6.074".
Then, is displayed, (hen type H, .FF". All' inputs are
teimi nated by carriage returns,
Disabling the System
AL! Pick systems can, be destroyed and rendered useless hv the
comiiumd "UE.FAR-FlLE DECT SYSTEM"
I he September and October L'JfW issues of Byte nijigfnrine
give a good Overview 0 f J "ick. The Operating system, has a
unique d£ila model and file structure. which is a bit comp heated
10 explain in ibis limited space. Some books have also been
published On Pick. There arc Pick user societies and
publications which would provide phone numbers for gaining
access. Tu addition, many Pick vendors have on-line client
sysinn photic number lists— masking a vendor's machine is a
gold mine.
Pick vend urs include Ultimate Corp,. MclJoncl Dougtass
SolIwh re Systems, General Automation, Pick Svstems Inc,
and Dntamcdia, Richard (Dick) Pick is alive and well in
California. There 4 ire also softw 4 iTe houses which specialize in
Pick, And Lhey have Pick clients loo. Users include R-Marc
International and Harvard University.
nothing new in computer underground
The Computer Underground. By- hi Harry. Available through
Uwmpatiu s Unlimited, 1 14.9$
by .lohn Drake
The Computer Underground Appears to be an excuse to
publish text hies. The book runs a Lone; 257 pages of computer
printout.
Et irs <1 Aided up into what M £ Earry has written a tid what he
has downloaded off a BBS, ’his is About a one 1o twenty rAtio
P s also unfortunate that nearly tveryhexiv who writes about
hacking spends so much time dwelling on lhc obvious "this is
a , modem, . .there are A hits., .you connect it to a phone Line,.."
Fven Out of the Inner Circle hy Bill Land ruth tales Lnlo this
I rap. Tlwre is not! L ing in Harry's writings that any self-
respecting hsclMr/ phone phreak doesn't already know.
‘ W8S Ituping for real research like extensively tracing the
fKfiinuing of phone phreak in* through Captain Crunch, Ahbie
Hoffman,; and TAP to the present, with soijk interesting
interviews with hackers And phreakers. The only thing lie seems
in have Annually done was to poll peopEc through a BUS. His
analysis ot the results are also prettv obvious lo anyhodv
involved. He tlien proceeds 1.0 plot oul the old flow chart of a
search inn, mid hacking program.
The rest nl the 257 pages are printouts of text Dies. Harry
seems to (iAVe a prcoceupalion with ARE 5 A Not Lind lists of dial
poi ts . J here is an abundance of blank space, particularly when
a section cuds at the top of a page. A few of the text lilfo are
typeset and nicely plated in the Center of I lie page. The rest of
The Computer Underground is mere printout, nnj even in
don ble-emphasize mode. This is clearly not one of Loompan ics . 1
better releases.
ARC
2
New York’s Computer Law
T»-. ^ V..-I Tin-.--
Public Phone Secrecy
He/ itoI Wnetlv IvVas
New York Slate legislator have reached agreement on anew
computer crime law. I tie biEI would create the new crimes of
unauthorized use of comparers, computer Irespussing. and
ttiitlpuLer tampering, El would also make it a evince In use
in to r m a: i on stored "by cn ni pul cr wT i I e corr i mi t L i n g other
crimes, sneVi as forgery or tliCCI of business records.
Although 40 ulliersUtLes have al ready approved similar In w\,
legisliit ion in New Y ork is considered a majo r step i n stemming
computer crime in this country
S iflCtt there a re no such laws in N ew Y cut. prosccuto rs must
try to apply related law in eases isivolvi hr com pi Hers,
A run jot provision of the biLI . wh ich is expected to pass the
sULe Legislature and take effect ncxr November, expands the
legal definition of “ writ leu inst re munis" and “business records'"
to iuolutlc computer data and programs: Under this change,
penalties of up to fom years in prison or fS.QOG in fines would
be imposed lor these otlciises. tarrlpd mg with computer data
while trying rn commit a felony: making unauthorized
duplications of computer material that deprive the owner of a I
least 52,500:. tapping into legally confidenl ibil computer data.
Tlic Sill would also create several misdemeanor eliargds,
punishable by up to one yea i In jail or lines. of up to !> 1 ,(OJ, to
address lo^-level computer. abuse.
Because many computer crimes occur across stale litres. the
h: II includes a provision « I lowing New York State to prosecute
an offended In anothei }.lalc who taps into a computer in New
York.
56,829 Phone Bill
I bv Ihrt.M- ■ L tuViii I
The ht-yen r-old retired insurance agent was quite surprised
when he received a phone lul I for SfiJ^.fiO TEiq | 3 1 poge hil I
was from ( f l“H Spr ini .
The man said i,hul "the calls that E made p.tc nn the IJDth
page for ^.9 49, "
At lastcuunt the total on his account had risen 1.0567,594,02,
u. Sprint spokesman said, with 1 .200 calls placed in one 24-hour
period.
Sprint has a security rtepailre.eu I that rtlOiuloTumonthlybills
and stalls i live si iga t i ng wh e n there is a fantastic clumgo in use,
The man's previous hi I’.s were abdU t &20 .
In this cate, however, security did not cancel his code until
three weeks after they noticed the increased usage.
Big Computer Crime Pays
Mi Jr-flir al
Out of I he discoveries of a new stud y shows I hal when it
cornea to compute r scams, I he big-t ime crime pays. Two-th irds
of the companies pa n Lei pat inrr in the su rvey mi id ttmi they tend
to punish tow-leveE employees accused of committing mium
computer crimes w3u le letting the major offenders go free .
“The cardinal rule seems to he: Thou sEialt not sLeai sum 13,"
says Joseph OlDonogbuc. a Mercy College sociology professor
who conducted the suivcy, Ttie companies, he said, would
mther keep major heists quiet than punish suspected offenders
foul risk publicity about lax seen i ii.y,
O'ETanoghuc warns that this perception could lead to “four
or five people pulling a billiem^ollar heist, it's merely a matter
of knowing how the terminal wcuks.”
New Jersey Bell has imposed a veil n T secrecy on Lhe locations
of its public phn ncs, fearing, tha L pu blicizing that i n formal ion
would unduly expose them to vandalism,
Hanover’s Township Committee was required lo pass, a
resolu lion at a recent meeting, agreei ng lo such non-d use Loin re
as a condition for installing its 91 i emergency dialing system.
Alter die measure was approved, a non-ptussed Mayor Sal
lannaeconc risked a reporLer in the audience. "‘Can you bclievu
that they won't lei ns toll people where the public phones aieT
Capitol Hill Hacker
Tl rN't.*! Yrik I jv.>
Jeilrt ifer K u iper wns wmk ing la tc ar her computer terrmnn I in
tlicotllcc et' ReprtSuiituliw Eid Zschau of California on M a roll
2 when sEic hca rd a beep that told her someone had entered Lhe
Computer system from an outside telephone Line. Twenty
minutes Inter, hci dOmpulcr screen went blank. When service
was restored, copies of more than 200 letters sent to
COUSlil vents and information on [nailing addresses had
d isappearqd .
Foul days luLer, stalf workers for Representative John
McCain nf A rbonu i o Id the police ( hey had d ^covered that
SOnj&Oii.e outside their office bad reached into McCain’s
Computer and destroyed hundreds of letters and mailing
add r esses over the lunch hour.
Bolh or 1 liese representatives are Eicpublk.'Liui und both are
see s ing Senate seats th is Novcrnhc r. These were uppa rcu tly 1 he
lirsl computer break-ins on Capitol Hill, where eomputeni are
increasingly being used, especially for record-keeping and
answering mail.
lL Rveiy office on Capitol U ill can he broken into in Lh is way
and the iilec deleted. El enn bring the work that a mem her of
C lofigrcss does lo <i comp lete halt.” said 7seh;i.u , [We Nid no
idc-fi it was this easy to grind the government Lo a holt, folks.'
Stcpticn A. Armstrong., vice president of Micro Research,
the company that provides COcnpulens and related equip] -Cut lo
more tha n 1 50 mein bent o: Congress, inetud i ng they, 1 two, said
tlu'U whoever broke into the computers ""wou ld have to have a
pnsswn rd and I wo y curi Ly codes to pet in .”
Citibank Money Games
lv Nr'j Y.vf Tiv«
“You added funds... Nnvember E X ,.liMJ,(K>njC>50.fX5"
If you have ever dretuned uf opening, y out monlhly bsnkittg
statement to find a trunsactieui Like that, you tan probably feel
I EiC (Jtcitement Nelson Nash felt wltcn he d id j list that. Y nu ean
also loci his hearr breaking when he read down a few li nes more.
Or, the very same day. Citibank recorded a withdrawal of
S60,«:O,0>0.OO.
'"1 i.i sou I ly check my Lmlaaee cvciy day or two ” he ta id .‘"If!
hud been m town a nrl soen tbi 1 1 had Sfsth mi llinn , I woulrl lm ^
Utken the money iri unmarked bills and escaped f
Hut a Oitifs;inii spokesnsan countered, “Eveil Jind il been on
Isis, record for several hou rs, and Emd lie checked hiskalaneeand
tu n to his branch , it would not have been given to h im, Il would
have EsSn questioned. People don’1 keep $60 million in then'
checking accounts.. 11
[Bur keep an eye on your .wvilue.t account btilitnorsll
3-13
LETTERS OF THE MONTH
Dear 26m :
Cfi i) ('Lr'iy of v l. :■ i.j r gOCd JjilOnC ph iVni k l Fidel'S wtl .0 iim: w'ill in fr
tb explore Lhe British telephone system contact me :i1 my
address in London? [f you wanted to mate a long distance call
in Loudon, you could Fill the operator, and- BS her and die
riiipht jusi pul yourtall through for nothing. This method only
works if you get through to a happy operator. When phoning
the international operator In London, lie or she asks for your
number and (he international number, The Operators in uur
country are very stupid. You could Hfi tlieet all day long and
they would think 1 hat the fall tlvey received is a (me call, not a
false call. Dot International operator can he reached hy
phoning an '.nward lor 1 endon a nd 0 1 1^5 is the number which
cun reach her.
Another thing I like doing Li what you folks over there call
scanning. [ spent hours scanning phone lines tor interesting
(hi ogs a nd 1 only came up with one number; 200020. After I he
last digit has finished, depress the hoobswiteh [the Ihing. that
yon res; your telephone on). Depress it frn lvdf a second, then
bring tL up again. You should hear the central office switching
yon through to I h is wei i d number, K rep listcui ng to the phone
line and after about 2G seconds you will heur a one second tone
burst. 1 don't know what (o do after that.
The cellular telephone system is good in our country, bur 1
luiven) had time lo explore it . Tlw niuiiber foif ii is 010836 filial
includes- the London dialing code — the Gra-1 0 is nol needed
when outside Kngland).
Twiligtil ^onc The I'hieaker
12 Bam Way, Wembley Par k h Middlesex HA9 9NW
London, England
I>car3SCfl:
1 n response i n police L 'kl lug" BBS 's , why nol get one nf I ho.se
hooks that list siolen and expired cralii csitfs (they arc issued
weekly or bi-weekly). Type the cuutents into a disk and dump
■Id megabytes of burned credit card numbers into these cc<p
I raps Id spring Ihem safety. If it comes in trial, tell the liny
whcTC you got them and watch the DA blush and the jury laugh .
If I he cops had any sense, dud is wliai ihey would dump into
anv svstem collecting credit card numbers.
JN
Illinois
Dear JY;
Good idea, hut haw many of its tire witting to go through wit }. l
; fa* a *.\p euti * and fr> J i 1 rarra s sr> j en i at ‘h a ine h a uied in to a court of
law first tomaketi DA blush! A ad what happens if the jury Hitt
no sense of humor? Since w-c Va n at especially fond of credit
card frstud,. we have no objection to people posting whatever
numbers came into their heads or even > andom eemputer-
generi, tied num bari, Thai way, the 'criminals are confused, the
author it it -s a re c on fuse d. an d dew oc nyc.i ■ is soft for a hide vl ft lie
longer.
Dear 2ASB\
In the Deccutbcr I9S* issue of 2£00.. you mention in the
article on the "Scariest Number in the World" that the phrenk
rceogflisiod thal Ihc mmihcr was non-suped, using a technique
that ‘‘experienced phreaks know? I’d like (O (JCua-ider myself (ilk
experienced phneak, How do 1 tell?
Don't say. “JusL try calling ii from 41 pay phone" because aU
long distance uon-snped numbers won’t go (Ji rough withuut
paying (the damned TSPS payphone console won’t respond to
rcusOu) Local non-sasped numbers work though (for the
payphone repair).
Another method is hy calling and if it doesn't appear on youi
neat bill it ain't suped. !"his hus several draw bite ki, cause if i( is,
well then, TY/e gnt a one minute call to Australia oil my bill.
Alsu, waiting a niunth to find out ain't tlsat expedient.
Lord Peter Wirasey
Deyr LPW;
These days, this point is open rtf debate. Many phone
phreaks can hear al! k i/tds of Hide sounds that teif them things
die average person doesn > ewn think about. One phreak. h-,?
kntnv am ted whene^r n phene tod fa routed through Finridu
fust hy the sounds he hears? Some phreaks aiso eiabn they t ii?r
fall if (t adl is supervised fi.e., oylwrer} an the hiding
computer) by the sounds ihsh are made when the i a fled party
picks up- Generally, if no click 1$ heard when they pick tip or
'L-frert a recording comes an. the fail fa thought tv be "non*
suped " or free Hut exceptions abound. For one thing, many
new elect rente switches {Fieri f tern Telecom's DMS-IW, for
one) hatch, make any natxe \cher< they arc picked tips, ff you
were to tall someone v.ho had one of those, you might
mistakenly ihink the call wasn't supervised, llten there are
alternate long distance companies that have been known to
charge people far calls that were never completed. Flame
companies aren't able (or willing) to recognise that a busy
signal nr a ring fa different from the merry chimes of human
speech.
Ami not only are tiart-su/md numiwrs not always free, but
free numbers area V always non- Suped! Take g>X> numbers
they do .rkr.iv-' up on a billing compel! er somewhere in man ) ■
eases- You're simply not lulled for them.
An operator is usually able to tell you if the tall you are
p iat tng is b illab ie I tut she Op era t or has t ,;> pia cc the call t> i find
this out 1 7?iif can he a t hailenge. to say the very least.
Dear 2(/tM:
Wbtii ha ppciicd to the 2600 phone bon'«: ,f
IIhjw well is your rmiiliiig lisi protected agjinst ^i^ttic by
au thtir [tics?
I>r. William Wainwright
Dear WW:
There is a small phone guide- (the 26(5(1 Fhun Book) in
existence that is available on manv F IfS's, 77k r ft fame Sector
ifil l.it-tef-fl I) included You run also get a copy through our
reader bid fat hi board, which is up Friday and Saturday nights,
from midnight to noon. Eastern time at our office number
ic!f>75!26t..S.i\. Many of these numbers- have already been
printed , r n met issues, hut if you want a full printout of thedfsilor
so Interfiling nurnfam-i, sera! us h2.fh. Ry the way, wc always
need more numbers-, so please send us wind vou vc got,
Our mailing list is only sear; by Twenty Six Hundred. It will
not be sold, lent to , itvrr. or turned over to anyone. That fa our
policy. We dan V heiicrr-e the authorities pose any thn-at in that
depursmerit, especially S b tie so many different kinds, of fsc-opic
read this magazine.
DcarJZlJW:
1 would like to take tins time to thank you for your
commend a hit work . Il\ istople 1 ike you that make me proud to
say I’m an American. 3 wanted to get ihis niesv/ige to you as
soon as possible. I represent only a small part of the kiTge world
nf computer antics, which consists of plireakCfS, hackcrSL and
pirate rs. Upon the receipt ni this message, please discard (a
small atom bomb will do iltc ti iek) and forget ever receiving it.
Thank you.
John Smith murker
Dear JSJL
Don 7 worry. jV has been destroyed
(continued on page- F-i If)
1V44
The 2600 Information Bureau.
300-342-1 143
000-342-1 119
8QQ-368-1017
eoo-36a-lt>ia
800-62 1 -4562
SOO-52 7-2007
000-527-2351
300-343-2903
000—527—201 1
BOO-368— 1 040
BOO-221-2000
900-271-2014
300-424-5900
BOO— 424— 6200
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2600
(ISSN 0749-3851)
Editor and Publisher
Twenty Six Hundred
Associate Editors
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Executive Director
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3-45
RESOURCES G L I □ h
IFroi E-D*pu4*r Cmu, Coiputfr Security, CaipuSsr Ethi-sF
S£f 0 Ssr ed wjttl CtmiuHerSetuNty, Computer Elhigs, and Ccrtilicatlcn or Computer
Ajfwjjean Har AssocUtiun 7«k Force inn Computer Crinw, taoa M. St, STY, VVafthino'un DC vr V
SsreiaS' * WHn,mts ' 12U Avenue of :hc ^ NY
AmcL-Jcao Soeisty for [nduiLria: SmiritV 1 , National Computer Security Commitl*- i«sv c> m
nr r Suile 1200, Arlington, VA 22259 (703.) 523-5000. * -, Lbai N . Ft. Myer
A^ociAUan Sat Cm ria* Mafihiiiwy, Special Interest Group on Security Audit ami Cmtrgl Snectel
[ntepcst Group on Computers and Society, 11 W. 42 Si , Ky in®* (2H', ftrfl ?W " ' ” P
fcLI Cng]d C, - Jltc - S50 Colt Jtond. Rollins Meadow*, IL 60Mft
yoKton Compute? society, Social Impact Group, 1 Center P Liza, Boston, MA 02106 [6i?\ SC7-3OS0
r f orSoaa! Responsibility, P.O. Pom 717, Palo Alto, CA 94301 ( 4151 . 132 - 377 S
Computer Security Institute, 43- Boston EYist Road, MorthJtwKJugh, MA 01532 iiYtyj S 45 . 31 K 0
rAn Ala " a B™“t Association, P.O. Heim 1*711, Standard. CT0S905 |2lTA 9*70500
EDP Auditors Associabon, 373 Schmate Read, Carol Stnssm, IL 6 Dl ($7 (312) *K 2 -] 2 (JP
]'RE SodaJ Jjnpsct Group, o'o F.A Futfan. 117 Washington R.d., IX t 5 burgh, Pa 15 22 1.
acujite Awodafton, P.O. to-: 7192b, Los Angeles, CA 50071 ( 2 1 : 5 ) 4SfrSal6.
(3]™-^^' " ^ Cg,mptltcr ^“fcwionals, 35 E. Wacker Or, Chicago, EL *1*01
APditDfi '’ " ,59 Mai1talvd Av *' Bmr £lt& - Altamonte Springs, FL S27Dt
!SS) t SS!™£ er tsrCl 3 m i ,l,1crCficYlL - 2 ™' N- Cahuenga Blvd , Los Angeles. CA
Publ icaltpps Conccmeif with CnmpnlerEtliJes, Computer SMiirih, Computer Crifite:
2U^ l A57 erCDnllB] ^ U:iTtCTLy ' 26 WajfhLT »Etan Ave., .East Malvern, Victoria 3145 Australia (p.?J
Computer Fraud and Sawrity Bulletin. Hscvicr International Bulletin*, 52 Vanderbilt Ave NY lijmj
Computer C rntic Digest, 70432 Wtmsatt Road . Springfield, VA 2215L-4P7J (?Z"i\ 94l„fiflQ0
Compute* and Security, Elsevier Intematronp! Bulletin*. 52 Vanderbilt a VC NY 11017
Compute* and Society c:o ftirh^rd Rosenberg, Department Mathematics, Statistics and Cornet
mg Science, DaUwmste University, 1 Ialitex N .S., Canada B3K 3J5
Wwtsm*'''**' C,:,nip,J ^ r ^ ,rUTil} ' L ‘ ,ititutr ' 45 Pwt R*»d, XvTtheorcay].., MA 01532
Computer Security Alert, 500 N. E. Spanish River REvd., # ft, Bnra Eaton, 1X33431 (3053 0P:-54lT
Computer Security Digest, 711 W Ann Aibot Trail, Suite 4, Plymouth, ML 4ai7?:{313j 454^757
S;™ j n Computing *700 N. CaRuenga BLvd., #2113, L 01 AngeLes, CA Wyfi (213i SSJ CWl
Da, a JYixessing Auditing Report, Bus ftS, Mtddlevdle, Ml OTBi 1 ^ (2l)i ) 33'-3<i J| >i
™4n-S?|° ma1 “ n TrjininS Ccntei EnCl U2S0 Ec S pr IJa «» Dr -. Suite 17, ftestFn. VA 22EIVO
En formation Security Monitor, Durran ( Houap, ft Herbal Kill, London FCER STB England rail 27 ft-im
t^KHut Edmtificatiori News, O. Bon : lfllfi. Washington, DC 2030B " J ^ S { ) V
['nvaey Journal, P.O. Boh fift-bl, Washington, DC 20Oftl f2d2'i S47^S6 f:
Processed W(! Jld, So Suitor St., ^ft29. San Francisco, CA 94104 .
React, ci'O Mike MrGnlJough, 90 £. 7lh St.. biYlDOW.
Seftirity' Audit and Control Review, r.'o ACM, 11 W. 42 M , NY lOIRS.
260ii Bux 752. Middle Ldarid, N”Y 11953,
SdL’rpfts Qj liilontialfon aloul CtunpuEer Elhicu Courses;
r?| Ahj ^ & e 3ap r: tmd n en ^ F Schooli - ot Hank. New jemev, A dir, mistral ton
Building, f a Branoh. Ave., Pad Bonk, NF 07701 (HI!) • S42-4954. "
r -! ,! r f 1 : ' = 'T J r E lJJ 1 1 i>: -! ' F nJv f rSi tM Dcpartmwrt "t Philosophy EJir.ftojo, PA li:444 iii-t;. 732-24M
■x i: ' >12-^23.' EqUdLt ^ 0JCCL Ljwtl ‘ rw HaD ^ -■ dcri,: ^' ’JntveriLty of California, Berkeley, 0\ S4720
Montgomery County Pub lie Schools, E?m;kvilk, MD
Jnhn Snapper, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, EL 6IJ6tft $12) 567-.KL7,
Corsullante and Researoliers Prouidrrtg Infcrm alien lor this Report-
Kevin FLDgerald, 2b Washington Ave., Eait Malvern, Victoria 3145 Australis (03) Si-3737,
Joan Mai-LiLUL'i,, Bonrdscan, 1W05 W, McNLdiuls, Delioit, Ml 4f32i9 (3l3l 534-1 aiy...
Dflnn PiiJfw SKI rntemationa., 353 Ravenswond Ave ,. Menk. 3’irk, CA 94025 |41S'- h59-237ft
n u '/ u A J T r ' r Oology Ari^ma Sta to Univcrsttv fSffii 9b.5.fi3L]
Dr U-r-ch Sieher; innsmucrior Slrasse, 22 "SCO Freiburg [.Brag., West Germane 07*] 44 14 at
S^en^^'^Sft 3 ' 311 lNflrt0nni CoKrteil hj J ’ !rev,!5,t ’on r AiLasmirren l'S-lE3 21, Bnx-koc’m,
^gl?n n d«V|i™ PPliBd Sy5t ^' Ud " B'MWiiais St.. Manchester M5 2 EC
Chari ? 5 H- H.1II0M,, Boards
! -j •; s » f-T^T 77 77- ” T — 1 ^
.1-46
r
HD A " Fl 1 u m a
Wm "I Tui Fat' 1 Rnlk'lm l!inr..1s
11 Lj r i'v : Puhn Mi ft;'ir!sl. B i> J rd S C i rv
Packer ^ur-i^d Fid
turned tcn^ultajit....)
H SVSTEClflTJCflUV SPEAKING
Hands Across Telenet
'l > * + %,rp > YmiI I rm
In order to accomplish Hands Across America lout month.
fjriL a nationwide network of technology Erad to he f aimed to
coordinate the event.
viO fifiim »e aren't a. viable entily,’'®mpla.iired AIL.’. Patsoiiv.
president and eh ,cf neem h* $1 ^bufowestem'k publ kh : ng ami
^Iv.eh still intends to public its "Clone Book" I his fall. H, lr\
sum awfully convenient for this to happen slow." tic noted
Ti> i heir attempt to comhat hunger. Hands Across Amcridi
Organized millions of people to donate money, buy T -shirts
und hold hnn.dk
'■Three or four years ago this event could not have been
done,' 1 said l-red S, Drov, the national project director of
Skmds Across America, "‘Computers, TV. telephones,
teleconferencing dir technology has to eomc together. ”
Nie fogisiics of keeping tmek of millions of people and the
millions of dollars they have pledged wor ld have been
overwhelming without computer power and communications
networks, which permit the gathering, .storage, and
transmission of inform.;! I ion. I he process recpii itxl stogperin a
amounis oi' dale mimes and addresses, route' assign men I s.
directions, amounts of donations and credit card numbers, to
name bm a few. In addition organisers had to k^-j track of
detniSssueh os Local pemii^WEUcrsuppti&s, and the ava i.labiJitv
of medical facilities,
As a result of the Hands project, they have developed a
database system that hits the potential ta coni rot future
nationwide fund-raising campaigns with pinpoint accuracy.
GTE Telenet CanuniiiiicatiruiA donated its 237,000 mile-, of
computer network and overseas satellite hookups to the Hands
project. Over this network, a wide variety of computers- can
v:nd information back and forth as high speed,
1 he Sou roe, an i ntornvi tion system . joined with GTE Lo offer
i!s fiO.iXNJ me m be ns free compufor access to information about
foe Hands project.
Kiev Calling Clogged
V.’j >s'i I nJi.,1
In the Wilke oi' the recent nuclear plant accident in
Chernobyl, the volume of telephone talk heing made to ilic
Soviet Union lias tripled, a spokesman for AT&T Internal ionnl
said.
All calls from the United Slates to the Soviet Union ;iT e
rented through the AT&T International Operation Center in
Pittsburgh . A II these tails have ro go t brciugh operators i n the
Soviet Union. A fot of times well htwe a let of attempts, bin not
CumplctimisAifod Rick Ri avail of AT&T-I,
A I & I no longer has. direct-dial service to the Soviet Union.
Rccaiii* of the unusual volume, cutlers must wait several hours
On reservations for calls to Moscow and Kiev.
A i &1 cannot employ any more personnel to pm I he cal Is
through, because "iherc it no puint in having SO American
operator trying to gd calk through to only two Soviet
operators,’" Rrayal] said.
Nynex Bumps Southwestern Bell
■£ riAnd Shj S
“‘A clerical error,” caused l he omission of Southwestern
Hell’s New York olficc numbs: from the hi lest edition of i.he
Nynes Manhattan Yellow Rages.
Southwestern Hell of St. Louis planned Lu pu bl ish ili own
Vfonhullan Yellow Pages directory lhat would compete
directly with Nynex.
In total, i hree listings for Southwestern Retl were;
"aacrdemaUy’" dropped; its Yellow Pages; Ad-Vent; a graphics
ope i nt ion; and the Silver Pages . a national <1 jrectorv for the
elderly.
I f adveii isera can't find us in ! he |'N yneji'l Yellow Pages, 1 hey
Slock Market Crash
likAV-aill
Options trading i>n the London Stock Exchange ceased fora
d n y recently following foe crash of a new elect rmi ic tradi ng
system. Thy crush has caM a pall over the Stock Exchanged
Automated Quotes system . wh ich will be used for sha re trading
itl .er the fXtober deregulation til finaiseial services m London
1 -:e foiled system consists of five TRM PC ATs linked
Luge the r by ei network, with an addilional AT as network
controller,
“Ed Quinn Cell Site”
I'V, T'Oi.y
Pell Atlantic Corporation's, cellular telephone division has
hi'en re wo rd mg top employees by nami ng a cel I site afo? r there.
A p iK|ue bca i in t, t he employee S name adonis i he site, which
is usually I itl I* more than un antenna lower next In a ^iragc-
sived building housing n cel lulu i phone relay.
Two employees ei month will be recognized , which means
thill R-e J A i la nt ic has two years wort h of honors to dole out and
more sites Eire being built every dov So far (here's Susan
Sclufoii Iter cell s He, K athy Schaefer cell site, a nd Ed Quinn o ell
She. dinners get to choose their own dte,
Let's Move To France!
UrSW-Yrri. I r,\-.
Tn Eiurrita.. France, people dial " ri 0r-^S-62’ 1 to reach the
world’s only “televideocltib." that offers each .subscriber a
choice of more (ban 2.000 video cassettes So look nt on their
videcvpjtone, a combination television and telephone.
This sammei, un estimated J.Sk) Biarritz houses will be
equipped wilh foe tabletop machine that incorporates a
television screen and a movable video camera. Thev will he
hooked to ail underground web of optica! fibers trial can carry
[fi times I he amount of informat inn as is normal coaxial cable"
This project weis started foree years Ago by President
Mitterrand istid provides for the wiring of all major french
towns and cities by 1 be end of the «uLu rv wh ik a t the same ( ifoe
estahlisJimu E' ranee e’is the world IcEiderin this technology. By
the end oi 1 98,81 3 . 1 million homes are ex pe tied to be connected
to Optical liber • systems.
In RiHTritE, videophone owners cun see each other as tlio.-
dim. and can walk around wdh a hand-held camera
1 ram-milling pictures fo a friend.
They can dial into'! blevidcoclub, rcquesi ei film and weilo!i it
on (heir home screen. Or t1i*y can choose among! 12'ieEevisipii
channels: mid can switch to larper screens elsewhere in their
homes; or select one of six slerco rEidio stalions Or the;' con
plug into viv.iul data brinks Einrl sifi huge amounts of
information, from train ssSiedtiks in ihe ktesl smek market
priees. A: Ihe locnl hospital, <lfv.-c.rs can call L] p paticijlV
rne d Lea I records and N-ruys on a videophone dtiring
eonsu lla i ions and sick children can follow clamw in the local
s< hool from Eiome.
li arntz also has several pay videophones in kiosks on the
stioct .
At present, a single videophone costs .£ 3,000 L1 nd sscxpecled
<0 fall to SfiOO for a town of 3iXJ.bOO houses.
Watca iug an hour-and ,1 ei IJ-fong li hn un video cassette now
costs about S5.
M7
Call The Private Sector BBS!
The official bulletin board of 2600
is available for you to calif
NOW RUNNING ORIGINAL SOFTWARE
ON A 20-MEG PC WITH THESE SUB BOARDS:
Telecom Digest
Medio/News
Networking
Info Retrieval
BD5 Advertising
® Computer Law
• Telecom
• Compurer Security
• User Suggestion*
• Radio Common,
Connect with the famous
Private Sector BBS and participate
in interesting and intelligent talk
on telecommunications and computers.
201 - 366-4431 ( 300 / 1200 ]
SHOCKING BOOKS!!!
COJJSUMrftTROlVLCS CO- — - The National Clear inp,-
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( >TV DECODERS * CONVERTERS I.D.tih.Ilt , On--.:. Fla,wKSs)
( i VOICE DlSGUlSER. (TCttliy DuhmVw Yapr PKsnr V-ni^relJ fit)
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( a J [Kill VOLTAGE DEVICES Cyl^m*r.jj J^iyiiiri; ftliALixJ KlO>
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CDS J fiD MENUVKLS",
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orders etvr-r $yj r PJeme add 5% bhip/hrcil (Ji min). No'
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JDJ1 L?E5GL'N7 Dfi.,
A IAMCK 30 RDO, MM. 05310
ConsumerJron/cs Co,
LETTERS
{cant in wed from pagt • S - 44 J
Dear 'ZfifKI-.
Enjoyed yijur artide on inobiLt p'nonrs (ApnL 1 9f!(V;. —
romiridi rut of the old TA P which E miss, OiK CObltUCiH
on the Ei'd nf (lw( anide '^JuTt you refer to the I CC c-iitchinv
up. In my urea we have three enpLneers for a many state area
nr,-d they cover ham radio, CR no more, broadcast, publyt
saJcty, microwaves,, etc. Rd cite itlca? They won^l bother you
wilhoul 0 tnl of COtnpLfi ints. '] he en>ea to look out for are the
phone corr. pan .aeon s-qsiad . Re careful hut don’t swea f rite
FCC for a feu- testi do watch for 1 he plimie company who is
very sensitive to any d isiupt inn of their revenue.
Seafiul]
DearJfifW:
Kstw can [ he Like Captain Midnight? Elow about an AM
carrier-current pirate radio sluiLOti?
v\
Dear P\:
W<> can ir tell you whai to do oXoLtiy. btfl wc •vnr vtr >h»l it
involves iftgemfrfyj iTteukitress, inteNigentx, persistence, and u
youthful spirit. Mix together you shovM torn? m/j
with bvmelhing hvrtinvhik.
TViiW (iff mriTjy A M i'Qtfiff-t'atfWnt fti/Vfc fudiv SUdkfns in
existence. TuO many of ihem try so sound lib: respsiur AM
it as ions and Low ptopk notice any if ling different.
DearififWt
Your 2f\W> mapaainc is great! I realty enjoy ii Your article on
mobile phones was rnct-l interestinj! Pm very interested in Lhis
area, and Look forward to any future art ides on it such as
vvhat uwke&nd modelof two-way radio is best (arid cheapest)
to use, or what Tedio is best (and cheapest) tn just listen in on
calls.
Dear 2600 :
l have something interesting to report about RC’l. RO is
another one of the long-distance telephone companies. They
USC OpIiCi'il liber n el works that have been laid aloiie railitKid
1 racks around the oountrv. If you are near where their cables
ran , there is a s ign that telfcs yon what to dd ifyou wHh to d ig tl>c
Cables up. f he bijnis give a luc;ilion which is the initials of the
slate you a re in and a number which is us.ua lly less tlva n 1 00C
Y ou simply eult ant! yon get an KCt operator who
may chat with you for hours about cahle sites around rite
enunny.
S]i^ can give you fable luca I ions, and she might want to know
if you plan on digging a few cables- up.
RLgjtt Traci.
Itear RejtkrX;
}>.y r it jittaify happened. We So si Stack o arse ires of the
different: bciwccn Flush and SystemftkoUy Speaking and
acridentalfy mixed then? np ftptt month. We regret she error.
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fu:an S2Q.m FOR i.A RG£ CATA 1.0(1 ASfti ONF. YkdR VPiWtX
SHERWOOD COMMUNICATIONS ,
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27Sf) Phi I merit Avenue Suite flCOKT
Huntingdon Vidlcy, PA I'&CXKj