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line	phrase	poeticism	references

1	orbem … totum	hyperbole
	uictor Romanus	synecdoche for Rome itself
2	qua… qua… qua…	anaphora
	sidus	metonymy for the sun
3	grauidis … carinis	synecdoche for laden ships
4–5	si quis … si qua	anaphora
5 … 44	aurum, auro, aurata, aurum, auro	golden imagery=excess
5	fuluum … aurum	redundancy? (cf. Verg. 7.278–9)
5/6	… / hostis erat	enjambment
6	tristia bella	personification
7–53	opes, pretiosa, vilius, pretio,	diction of price=excess
	merces, faenoris, aeris, pignore
7/8	… / gaudia	enjambment
10,28,35	ostro, ostrum, conchylia	purple imagery=excess
10	nitor	metonymy for gems?
12	despoliauerat	zeugma
13	laesae uulnera pacis	prolepsis
15	belua	metonymy for the African lion
16	fames … aduena	metaphor, tiger as hunger
19	peritura … fata	hypallage/transferred epithet
21	uiros	metonymy for boys
27,35	eruta	repetition emphasizes lengths gone to
31–2	omniaque orbis / praemia corruptis	enjambment, chiasmus
32	corruptis	hypallage/transferred epithet
33	ingeniosa gula est	sententia?
41	uenalis … uenalis	anaphora
43–4	libera uirtus … potestas … maiestas	tricolon
47	dedecoris populo morumque ruina	parallel structure
50	ipsa sui merces	irony?
51–2	praeterea &c.	metaphor
51	gemino deprensam gurgite plebem	parallel structure
52	faenoris illuvies ususque … aeris	chiasmus
53	nulla est certa domus	allusion to Verg. Aen. 6.673
	nulla … nullum	anaphora
54–5	ueluti … errat	simile within a metaphor
57	inops audacia tuta est	sententia
58	hoc mersam caeno Romam &c.	interlacing effect
63	Parthus	synecdoche, cf. at 1
64	ingratam … Romam	personification
65–6	quasi &c.	simile, hyperbole
65/66	… / diuisit cineres 	enjambment
67	est locus…	literary convention, cf. Verg. Aen. 1.530
68	Parthenopen … Dicarchidos	geographical allusion
71	autumno … uiret	oxymoron (text suspect)
72	non uerno	pun on ‘Avernus’
74	nigro squalentia pumice saxa	parallel structure
75	ferali circum tumulata cupressu	word order mirrors sense
77	sparsa	zeugma
78	uolucrem Fortunam	stock epithet
79–81	rerum &c.	extended poetical address
79	potestas	synecdoche for Fortuna
80	potestas	on the repetition see Baldwin \f2ad loc\f1.
83	perituram	hypallage as at 19? or agrees with \f2molem\f1?
91–2	montibus haustis / antra gemunt	personification
92	uanos … usus	oxymoron? (“useless uses”)
98	Sullanus … ensis	loaded adjective
	bibit ensis	personification
	horrida tellus	prolepsis
99	nutritas sanguine fruges	imagery
100	dextrae coniungere dextram	allusions to Vergil
101	rupto tellurem solvit hiatu	symbol of F's elusiveness, D's power
102	leui … pectore	characterization of Fortuna
103	o genitor &c.	extended poetical address
106	flamma	flame imagery
110	sanguine pascere	cf. imagery at 99
111–5	cerno &c.	foreshadowing (not delivered in the end)
	stratos … fragor … timentes	focusing in
117–9	…classe opus est	hyperbole
117	nauita	archaism
	Porthmeus	allusive naming
119–20	tuque &c.	apostrophe, cf. 97
121	… orbis	hyperbole, cf. 1
124–5	gremioque reducto / telluris	metaphor
129	…putares	simile
134–5	tuba … tremefacta ciet	personification
136	in aethera fulmina mittit	imagery inverting the norm
140	recens	hypallage? (fresh blood)
143	Gallica &c.	poetic license with facts
	Gallica …, ciuilia … arma	loaded adjectives
144	Graio numine pulsae	allusion to Hercules myth
146	est locus	v. 67
148	caelum illinc cecidisse putes	simile
151	umeris	personification, allusion to Atlas myth
	totum … orbem	hyperbole, cf. 1, 65, 121
152	milite	synecdoche, singular for plural
156	Saturnia tellus	archaic address
157	onerata	wordplay, \f2honos/onus\f1
160	dum Rhenum sanguine tinguo	metaphor (literal in part…)
162	vincendo certior exsul	paradox
164–5	quanquam … uident	rhetorical question
169	causam dicite ferro	irony
170	crimen	legal cf. \f2testor\f1 158, \f2reor\f1 167, \f2causam\f1 169
174	iudice Fortuna cadat alea	twist on convention
175	causa peracta est	more legal jargon, possible ambiguity too
177	personuit	exaggeration, comparison to Jupiter
183	Mauortia signa	loaded adjective
186	non pugnauit … quieuit	personification
190	iussa putares	simile
192	concidenda	poignant gerundive
196	rigido … flamine	oxymoronic (like our “stiff breeze”)
197	rupti turbine venti	hypallage/transferred epithet
201–3	uicta… uictaque… uicta…	anaphora…
	…nondum [uictus]	with final, negated element understood
205–8	qualis… aut…	double simile
209	Caesar tumidas iratus deprimit arces	imagery, man taming elements
210–11	volucer molis conterrita pinnis / Fama uolat	simile/personification
212	Romano tonitru	metaphor (newsflash!)
	omnia signa	statues, synecdoche for temples
214	Germano perfusas sanguine	hyperbole, cf. 160, 294
		proleptic pun on \f2germanus\f1
215	arma &c.	listing
224	debellatique Quirites	irony (no war yet)
227–228	deploratumque … limen	personification
228	absentem … hostem	irony
229	maerentia pectora	hypallage/transferred epithet
233–237	ac uelut &c.	epic simile
237	dat uela fugae	poetic
241	Iuppiter horruerat	hyperbole
241–2	Pontus / et … erat submissa Bosporos unda	personification
258	abruptis ceu liber habenis	simile
264	terra sentit	personification
272	superos Stygium	juxtaposition
274	aerati scabra rubigine dentes	metaphorical imagery
276	torto laceratam pectore vestem	parallel structure
278	Cocyti	synecdoche for underworld in general
279	nobilis Appennini	personification
280–1	omnes … atque omnia … ac toto	anaphora, hyperbole
283–84	sumite … sumite	line-initial anaphora
287	ipsa tremat tellus &c.	hyperbole, personification
288–94	tu… tu… tu… tu… tu…	anaphora, multiple apostrophe
288/9	Tu concute plebem, / Curio	enjambment
290–93	quid porro…?  nescis tu…	rhetorical questions
293	Epidamni moenia	geographical allusion, pun on \f2damnum\f1
294	Thessalicosque … tingue	hyperbole, cf. 160, 214

other:

88.2	nuda uirtus	oxymoron	Slater (2007) 300