💾 Archived View for gmi.noulin.net › mobileNews › 4807.gmi captured on 2021-12-05 at 23:47:19. Gemini links have been rewritten to link to archived content

View Raw

More Information

⬅️ Previous capture (2021-12-03)

➡️ Next capture (2023-01-29)

-=-=-=-=-=-=-

Tech firms and their founders - Monarchs versus managers

Jul 24th 2013, 20:09 by M.G. | SAN FRANCISCO

THE epic struggle between two billionaires over the future of Dell has gone to

another round. Michael Dell, the ailing computer-maker s founder and biggest

shareholder, has now been forced twice to postpone a vote on his proposal to

buy out the firm and take it off the stockmarket, for fear that the deal s

critics, led by Carl Icahn, a veteran shareholder activist, may have enough

support to scupper the plan.

On July 24th, having stopped the ballot as it was about to take place, Mr Dell

and Silver Lake, a private-equity firm that is backing him, said they would add

$150m to their offer of $24.4 billion. But in return they want a special

committee of Dell's independent directors to boost their chances of success by

changing the rules of the next vote, scheduled for August 2nd, so that any

abstentions would be ignored rather than counted as votes against the buy-out.

(Mr Dell cannot vote his own 15.6% stake.) As we went to press the committee

was considering the request. It is unclear if the extra cash will pull enough

doubters away from the Icahn camp.

All s swell that ends Dell?

If the buy-out eventually fails, a war for control of Dell s boardroom is

likely to ensue. Although much of the squabbling is over price, also at issue

is whether Mr Dell should remain at the helm of the firm he set up in 1984. Mr

Icahn has already stated publicly that he has a replacement in mind, as yet

unnamed. After this week s vote was delayed, he took a pot shot at Mr Dell,

tweeting: All would be swell at Dell if Michael and the board bid farewell .

But would it? Whether founders or professional managers parachuted into firms

are the best people to lead them over time is a hotly debated topic in many

industries. But nowhere is the discussion more lively than in the tech world,

where venture capitalists often back start-ups run by spotty adolescents and

where older businesses such as Dell frequently face dramatic shifts in

technologies and markets.

For years the conventional wisdom in Silicon Valley was that most founders

ought to be replaced at some point by grizzled veterans. But that outlook has

changed somewhat, as financiers have studied the industry s record and noticed

that many of the best technology companies have been run by their founders for

a long time. In America that list includes Oracle (run by Larry Ellison),

Amazon (Jeff Bezos) and Facebook (Mark Zuckerberg), as well as lesser-known

firms such as Nvidia (Jen-Hsun Huang), a chipmaker. There are notable examples

in Europe and Asia, too, where outfits such as Iliad (Xavier Niel), a French

telecoms company, and TSMC (Morris Chang), a Taiwanese semiconductor firm

profiled in our next story, have flourished with founders at the helm.

Some tech firms fortunes have faded after their founder s departure. Tim Cook

has failed to put a shine on Apple since taking over from Steve Jobs. On July

23rd Apple said it made a profit of $6.9 billion in its latest fiscal quarter,

a 22% drop compared with the same period of 2012. (Its shares nevertheless rose

as investors took some heart from news of record iPhone sales.) Steve Ballmer,

Bill Gates s successor as boss of Microsoft, is also failing to impress: on

July 19th the firm s shares tumbled more than 11% after it revealed a $900m

write-down related to its Surface tablet business and said revenue from its

core Windows software fell in its latest quarter.

Of course, founders running firms come a cropper too. Two former darlings of

Silicon Valley Groupon, an online-coupon business, and Zynga, a social-gaming

company have both removed founders from chief-executive roles this year after

disappointing financial results. And plenty of professional managers have

enjoyed success in techdom. Witness Eric Schmidt s tenure as the boss of Google

from 2001, where he worked closely with the firm s two founders, Larry Page and

Sergey Brin, before handing over to Mr Page in 2011; and LinkedIn s rise under

Jeff Weiner, who became boss of the social network after working at Yahoo. In

Google s case with Mr Schmidt, and Facebook s with Sheryl Sandberg, bringing in

a grown-up to work with youthful founders has proved a good compromise.

Some research also supports the case for bringing in professionals. In a paper

titled Rich versus King , Noam Wasserman of Harvard Business School studied

457 private tech firms between 2000 and 2002 and found that entrepreneurs who

relinquished the most control, either by vacating the boss s chair or loosening

their influence over the board, tended to maximise the value of their own

equity stakes. Kings who kept a tight grip on their firms did worse. The less

regal, the richer.

Other studies, however, have found that private tech firms run by founders tend

to outperform those run by imported bosses. Ben Horowitz of Andreessen

Horowitz, a venture capital firm that likes to back founder-CEOs, is convinced

the creators of companies make better long-term leaders of them because their

knowledge of the technology helps them spot imminent shifts in product cycles

that professional managers miss. He thinks it may be easier for founders than

incomers to convince staff to abandon cherished ways of doing things, when that

is necessary.

What does all this mean for Dell? Some sceptics note that Mr Dell s biggest

innovation was more to do with business processes than technology. The firm s

heyday saw it prosper thanks to a flexible, build to order system, a

hyper-efficient supply chain and a strategy of selling direct to companies. But

those advantages have eroded and since Mr Dell returned to the helm of Dell in

2007 (after standing down as chief executive in 2004) the firm has been

hammered by the epochal shift from PCs towards tablets and smartphones.

Mr Dell bears some blame for this. But since 2008 he has greatly expanded the

company s software and services business, spending $13 billion on deals. Craig

Stice of IHS, a research firm, reckons Dell has a really good chance of

minting money in these fast-growing areas. Mr Dell s authority as the firm s

founder should also help him force through painful decisions in its PC

business. Mr Wasserman acknowledges that Dell s boss has been one of those rare

cases of a founder who has been rich and regal , combining value maximisation

with tight control. Committing regicide at Dell now would not be smart.