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Keywords: snmp, aaa, simple network management protocol, authentication, authorization, accounting
Network Working Group B. Aboba, Ed.
Request for Comments: 4441 Internet Architecture Board
Category: Informational March 2006
The IEEE 802/IETF Relationship
Status of This Memo
This memo provides information for the Internet community. It does
not specify an Internet standard of any kind. Distribution of this
memo is unlimited.
Copyright Notice
Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2006).
Abstract
Since the late 1980s, IEEE 802 and IETF have cooperated in the
development of Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) MIBs and
Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting (AAA) applications.
This document describes the policies and procedures that have
developed in order to coordinate between the two organizations, as
well as some of the relationship history.
Table of Contents
1. Introduction ....................................................2
1.1. Liaison Communications .....................................2
1.2. Access to IEEE 802 Archives ................................3
1.3. New Work Review ............................................3
1.4. MIB Review .................................................4
1.5. EAP Review .................................................4
1.6. AAA Review .................................................5
1.7. Document Review ............................................5
1.8. EtherType Allocation .......................................6
2. Security Considerations .........................................6
3. Informative References ..........................................7
4. Acknowledgements ...............................................12
Appendix A. Relationship History .................................13
A.1. MIB Development ..........................................13
A.2. AAA/EAP ..................................................16
Appendix B. IAB Members at the Time of This Writing ..............21
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RFC 4441 IEEE 802/IETF Relationship March 2006
1. Introduction
Since the late 1980s, participants in IEEE 802 and the IETF have
cooperated in the development of Management Information Bases (MIBs)
and Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting (AAA) applications
relating to IEEE standards. This has included the Bridge MIB
[RFC1493] [RFC4188], the multicast filtering and VLAN extension MIB
[RFC2674] [RFC4363], the Hub MIB [RFC2108], the Ethernet-like
Interfaces MIB [RFC3635], the MAU MIB [RFC3636], the WAN Interfaces
Sublayer MIB [RFC3637], the Power Ethernet MIB [RFC3621], IEEE 802.1X
RADIUS usage guidelines [RFC3580], the revised Extensible
Authentication Protocol (EAP) specification [RFC3748], RADIUS/EAP
[RFC3579], and the EAP State Machine specification [RFC4137]. This
document describes the policies and procedures that have been put in
place to encourage cooperation between the IETF and IEEE 802.
Details of the relationship history are included in Appendix A.
In order to improve communications between the IETF and IEEE 802,
members of the Internet Engineering Steering Group (IESG) and
Internet Architecture Board (IAB) (including Bert Wijnen, James
Kempf, and Bernard Aboba) met with the IEEE 802 Executive Committee
in Vancouver, Canada, in January 2004. At that meeting, a number of
issues were discussed and new procedures were put in place.
1.1. Liaison Communications
IETF Working Groups are organized into areas, which have one or more
Area Directors. The Area Directors, plus the IETF Chair, comprise
the Internet Engineering Steering Group (IESG). IEEE 802 Working
Groups have one or more Task Groups. The IEEE 802 Working Group
Chairs, plus the IEEE 802 Chair, comprise the IEEE 802 Executive
Committee (ExComm).
Participants in the IETF are appointed as liaisons to other
organizations by the IAB or IESG as appropriate. This includes a
liaison to IEEE 802 as well as liaisons to specific IEEE 802 Working
Groups. The IETF liaison web page includes a list of IETF liaisons,
as well as a pointer to the archive of liaison statements received by
the IETF [Liaison-Page]. IETF processes for management of liaison
relationships are described in [BCP102]; procedures for handling of
incoming liaison statements are described in [BCP103]. In order to
ensure that liaison statements from IEEE 802 to the IETF are archived
and responded to, IEEE 802 liaisons to IETF should utilize the IETF
liaison management tool to submit liaison communications. A username
and password suitable for use with the tool can be obtained by
sending mail to iesg-secretary@ietf.org. If a liaison management
account is not available, liaison communications can be sent to the
IETF liaison(s) to IEEE 802 and copied to statements@ietf.org.
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RFC 4441 IEEE 802/IETF Relationship March 2006
However, in this case substantially greater processing delays will
occur due to the need for manual handling by the IETF Secretariat
staff.
Liaison requests from the IETF to IEEE 802 should be sent to the
Chair(s) of the IEEE 802 WG to which the request pertains, with a
copy sent to the IEEE 802 Chair and the IEEE 802 liaison(s) to IETF.
IEEE 802 procedures for communicating with other standards bodies are
described in Section 14.1 of [Policy]. Liaison communications to
IEEE 802 WGs are archived by the individual WGs.
1.2. Access to IEEE 802 Archives
Access to IEEE 802 standards more than six months old is provided
free of charge on the IEEE 802 website via the Get IEEE 802 Program
[GetIEEE-802]. Access to IEEE 802 work-in-progress has frequently
arisen as an issue in cooperation between IETF and IEEE 802. While
in the past IETF Working Groups (WGs) have successfully negotiated
access to IEEE 802 work-in-progress, each instance has been handled
separately and took significant time and effort to complete. In
order to more easily enable document access for IETF WGs
collaborating with IEEE 802, a liaison statement was sent to the IETF
in July 2004 by Paul Nikolich, Chair of IEEE 802 [IEEE-802Liaison],
describing the process by which IETF WGs can obtain access to IEEE
802 work-in-progress. IEEE 802 WG Chairs have the authority to grant
membership in their WGs, and can use this authority to grant
membership to an IETF WG chair upon request. The IETF WG chair will
be provided with access to the username/password for the IEEE 802 WG
archives, and is permitted to share that information with
participants in the IETF WG. Since it is possible to participate in
IETF without attending meetings, or even joining a mailing list, IETF
WG chairs will provide the information to anyone who requests it.
However, since IEEE 802 work-in-progress is copyrighted,
incorporating material into IETF documents or posting the
username/password on mailing lists or websites is not permitted.
1.3. New Work Review
In order to enable IEEE 802 review of proposed IETF WG charters, as
well as to enable IETF review of proposed IEEE 802 Project
Authorization Requests (PARs), the New Work mailing list is used.
The IEEE 802 Executive Committee is subscribed to the list, so that
it can receive proposed IETF WG Charters. Proposed IEEE 802 PARs are
posted to the New Work list as well. Where a New Work announcement
is of particular interest, it is also (manually) forwarded to the
relevant IETF and IEEE 802 mailing lists.
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RFC 4441 IEEE 802/IETF Relationship March 2006
However, by the time an IETF WG Charter or IEEE 802 PAR appears on
New Work, a IETF BOF or IEEE 802 "Call for Interest" has already
occurred, interest has been demonstrated and considerable work has
gone into development of the Charter or PAR. If problems are found
at that point, it is often too late in the process to make major
changes. Therefore, where a potential work item is likely to be
controversial, discussions between IETF and IEEE 802 are encouraged
to occur earlier in the process.
1.4. MIB Review
With travel budgets under pressure, it has become increasingly
difficult for companies to fund employees to attend both IEEE 802 and
IETF meetings. As a result, an alternative is needed to past
arrangements that involved chartering MIB work items within an IETF
WG. In order to encourage wider review of MIBs developed by IEEE 802
WGs, it is recommended that Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)
MIBs developed in IEEE 802 follow the MIB guidelines [RFC4181] and be
reviewed as part of the IETF SNMP quality control process ('MIB
Doctors'). An IEEE 802 group may request assignment of a 'MIB
Doctor' to assist in a MIB review by contacting the IETF Operations
and Management Area Director.
By standardizing IEEE 802 MIBs only within IEEE 802 while utilizing
the SNMP quality control process, the IETF and IEEE 802 seek to
ensure quality while decreasing overhead. A trial run of this
process has taken place in IEEE 802.1 where a MIB Doctor (David
Harrington) has agreed to review IEEE 802.1 MIBs. Currently,
discussion is under way on how change control of selected IEEE 802.1
MIB documents published as RFCs can be transferred to IEEE 802.1
[MIB-TRANSFER].
1.5. EAP Review
Several IEEE 802 standards, including [IEEE-802.1X-2004],
[IEEE-802.11i], and [IEEE-802.16e], depend on EAP [RFC3748] and EAP
key management, described in [KEYFRAME]. Rather than developing
their own EAP methods, or extensions for EAP key management, IEEE 802
working groups should send a liaison letter to the IETF, outlining
the required functionality or requesting a review of draft text.
Most recently, a security review of IEEE 802.16e D8 [EAPREVIEW] has
been carried out by the EAP WG, at the request of the IEEE 802.16
Chair, Roger Marks [IEEE-802.16-Liaison1] [IEEE-802.16-Liaison2].
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1.6. AAA Review
IEEE 802 WGs requiring new AAA applications should send a liaison
request to the IETF. Where new attributes are required rather than a
new application, an Internet-Draft can be submitted and review can
be requested from AAA-related WGs such as the AAA or RADEXT WGs. For
attributes of general utility, and particularly those useful in
multiple potential applications, allocation from the IETF standard
attribute space is preferred to creation of IEEE 802 Vendor-Specific
Attributes (VSAs). As noted in [RFC3575]:
RADIUS defines a mechanism for Vendor-Specific extensions (Attribute
26) and the use of that should be encouraged instead of allocation of
global attribute types, for functions specific only to one vendor's
implementation of RADIUS, where no interoperability is deemed useful.
Where allocation of VSAs are required, it is recommended that IEEE
802 create a uniform format for all of IEEE 802, rather than having
each IEEE 802 group create their own VSA format. The VSA format
defined in [IEEE-802.11F] is inappropriate for this, since the Type
field is only a single octet, allowing for only 255 attributes.
Recently, the AAA Doctors list has been created within the IETF
Operations and Management Area Directorate, serving a similar
function to the MIB Doctors. While the AAA Doctors have not yet been
called upon to assist with and review AAA work outside of the IETF,
this group could potentially be of assistance to IEEE 802 working
groups requiring help with AAA.
1.7. Document Review
With the areas of cooperation between IEEE 802 and IETF increasing,
the document review process has extended beyond the traditional
subjects of SNMP MIBs and AAA. For example, as part of the IETF
CAPWAP WG charter, IEEE 802.11 was asked to review the CAPWAP
Taxonomy Document [RFC4118]; Dorothy Stanley organized an ad hoc
group for this purpose. IEEE 802.11 has also reviewed [IDSEL] and
[IABLINK]. Within IETF, IEEE 802 comments are resolved using normal
WG and IETF processes.
IETF participants can comment as part of the IEEE 802 ballot process,
regardless of their voting status within IEEE 802. Comments must be
composed in the format specified for the ballot, and submitted by the
ballot deadline.
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1.8. EtherType Allocation
The EtherType field is very limited, so that allocations are made
solely on an "as needed" basis. For related uses, a single EtherType
should be requested, with additional fields serving as sub-protocol
identifiers, rather than applying for multiple EtherTypes. EtherType
allocation policy is described in [TYPE-TUT].
While a fee is normally charged by IEEE 802 for the allocation of an
EtherType, IEEE 802 will consider waiving the fee for allocations
relating to an IETF standards track document, based on a request from
the IESG.
2. Security Considerations
As IEEE 802 becomes increasingly involved in the specification of
standards for link-layer security, experience has shown that it is
helpful to obtain outside review of work-in-progress prior to
publication. This has proven somewhat challenging since access to
IEEE 802 work-in-progress documents is often tightly controlled. For
example, special permission had to be obtained for IEEE 802.11i to be
able to circulate a version of its security standard-in-progress for
review. A liaison between an IEEE 802 group and an IETF WG can help
in obtaining the necessary level of review.
Experience has also shown that IETF standards may not be written to
the level of clarity required by the IEEE 802 standards process. In
the case of EAP [RFC3748], the process of developing the EAP state
machine specification [RFC4137] proved useful in uncovering aspects
requiring clarification, and the joint review process exposed IEEE
802 and IETF documents-in-progress to wider review than might
otherwise have been possible.
Similarly, the development of [IEEE-802.11i], [RFC3748], [KEYFRAME],
and [RFC4017] led to a deeper understanding of the limitations and
security vulnerabilities of the EAP/AAA system. As described in
[Housley], it is not advisable to develop new AAA key management
applications without completing a security analysis, such as the
analysis provided in [KEYFRAME].
Due to weaknesses in the RADIUS specification [RFC2865], it is
relatively easy for protocol extensions to introduce serious security
vulnerabilities. As a result, IETF review of IEEE 802 RADIUS
extensions is advisable, and the RADIUS IANA Considerations [RFC3575]
have been revised so as to require such a review in most cases.
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RFC 4441 IEEE 802/IETF Relationship March 2006
3. Informative References
[BCP102] Daigle, L. and Internet Architecture Board, "IAB
Processes for Management of IETF Liaison
Relationships", BCP 102, RFC 4052, April 2005.
[BCP103] Trowbridge, S., Bradner, S., and F. Baker,
"Procedures for Handling Liaison Statements to and
from the IETF", BCP 103, RFC 4053, April 2005.
[EAPREVIEW] EAP WG letter to Roger Marks, June 2005,
http://www.drizzle.com/~aboba/EAP/review.txt.
[GetIEEE-802] IEEE Standards Association Get IEEE 802 (R) Program,
http://standards.ieee.org/getieee802/portfolio.html.
[IDSEL] Adrangi, F., Lortz, V., Bari, F., and P. Eronen,
"Identity Selection Hints for the Extensible
Authentication Protocol (EAP)", RFC 4284, January
2006.
[Housley] Housley, R. and B. Aboba, "AAA Key Management", Work
in Progress, November 2005.
[IABLINK] Aboba, B., "Architectural Implications of Link
Indications", Work in Progress, August 2005.
[IEEE-80211Liaison1]
IEEE 802.11 liaison letter to Harald Alvestrand,
February 2002,
https://www.ietf.org/IESG/LIAISON/ieee802.11.txt.
[IEEE-80211Liaison2]
Input To IETF EAP Working Group on Methods and Key
Strength, March 2003,
http://www.ietf.org/IESG/LIAISON/LS-ieee-80211.txt.
[IEEE-802.11F] Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers,
"IEEE Trial-Use Recommended Practice for Multi-Vendor
Access Point Interoperability via an Inter-Access
Point Protocol Across Distribution Systems Supporting
IEEE 802.11 Operation", IEEE 802.11F, June 2003 (now
deprecated).
[IEEE-802Liaison]
IEEE 802 Liaison letter to Bert Wijnen and Bernard
Aboba, July 26, 2004,
http://www.ietf.org/IESG/LIAISON/file41.pdf.
IAB Informational [Page 7]
RFC 4441 IEEE 802/IETF Relationship March 2006
[IEEE-802.1X-MIB]
Norseth, K., "Definitions for Port Access Control
(IEEE 802.1X) MIB", Work in Progress, November 2003.
[IEEE-802.1X] IEEE Standards for Local and Metropolitan Area
Networks: Port based Network Access Control, IEEE
P802.1X-2001, June 2001.
[IEEE-802.1X-2004]
IEEE Standards for Local and Metropolitan Area
Networks: Port based Network Access Control, IEEE
P802.1X-2004, December 2004.
[IEEE-802.1D] ISO/IEC 15802-3 Information technology -
Telecommunications and information exchange between
systems - Local and metropolitan area networks -
Common specifications - Part 3: Media access Control
(MAC) Bridges, (also ANSI/IEEE Std 802.1D-1998),
1998.
[IEEE-802.1Q] IEEE Standards for Local and Metropolitan Area
Networks: Draft Standard for Virtual Bridged Local
Area Networks, P802.1Q, January 1998.
[IEEE-802.3] ISO/IEC 8802-3 Information technology -
Telecommunications and information exchange between
systems - Local and metropolitan area networks -
Common specifications - Part 3: Carrier Sense
Multiple Access with Collision Detection (CSMA/CD)
Access Method and Physical Layer Specifications,
(also ANSI/IEEE Std 802.3- 1996), 1996.
[IEEE-802.11] Information technology - Telecommunications and
information exchange between systems - Local and
metropolitan area networks - Specific Requirements
Part 11: Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC)
and Physical Layer (PHY) Specifications, IEEE
P802.11-2003, 2003.
[IEEE-802.11i] IEEE Supplement to Standard for Telecommunications
and Information Exchange Between Systems - LAN/MAN
Specific Requirements - Part 11: Wireless LAN Medium
Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY)
Specifications: Specification for Enhanced Security,
IEEE P802.11i, July 2004.
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RFC 4441 IEEE 802/IETF Relationship March 2006
[IEEE-802.16e] IEEE Standard for Local and Metropolitan Area
Networks - Part 16: Air Interface for Fixed and
Mobile Broadband Wireless Access Systems, Amendment
for Physical and Medium Access Control Layers for
Combined Fixed and Mobile Operation in Licensed
Bands, IEEE P802.16e, September 2005.
[IEEE-802.16-Liaison1]
Liaison letter from IEEE 802.16 to Bernard Aboba,
March 17, 2005,
http://ieee802.org/16/liaison/docs/L80216-05_025.pdf.
[IEEE-802.16-Liaison2]
Liaison letter from IEEE 802.16 to Bernard Aboba, May
5, 2005,
http://ieee802.org/16/liaison/docs/L80216-05_039.pdf.
[KEYFRAME] Aboba, B., Simon, D., Arkko, J., Eronen, P., and H.
Levkowetz, "Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP)
Key Management Framework", Work in Progress, October
2005.
[Liaison-Page] IETF Liaison Activities,
http://www.ietf.org/liaisonActivities.html.
[MIB-TRANSFER] Harrington, D., "Transferring MIB Work from IETF
Bridge WG to IEEE 802.1 WG", Work in Progress,
October 2005.
[Mishra] Mishra, A. and W. Arbaugh, "An Initial Security
Analysis of the IEEE 802.1X Standard", Department of
Computer Science, University of Maryland College
Park, CS-TR-4328, February 2002.
[Policy] IEEE Project 802 LAN MAN Standards Committee (LMSC)
Policies and Procedures, September 14, 2005,
http://www.ieee802.org/policies-and-procedures.pdf.
[RFC1493] Decker, E., Langille, P., Rijsinghani, A., and K.
McCloghrie, "Definitions of Managed Objects for
Bridges", RFC 1493, July 1993.
[RFC2108] de Graaf, K., Romascanu, D., McMaster, D., and K.
McCloghrie, "Definitions of Managed Objects for IEEE
802.3 Repeater Devices using SMIv2", RFC 2108,
February 1997.
IAB Informational [Page 9]
RFC 4441 IEEE 802/IETF Relationship March 2006
[RFC2284] Blunk, L. and J. Vollbrecht, "PPP Extensible
Authentication Protocol (EAP)", RFC 2284, March 1998.
[RFC2390] Bradley, T., Brown, C., and A. Malis, "Inverse
Address Resolution Protocol", RFC 2390, September
1998.
[RFC2674] Bell, E., Smith, A., Langille, P., Rijhsinghani, A.,
and K. McCloghrie, "Definitions of Managed Objects
for Bridges with Traffic Classes, Multicast Filtering
and Virtual LAN Extensions", RFC 2674, August 1999.
[RFC2865] Rigney, C., Willens, S., Rubens, A., and W. Simpson,
"Remote Authentication Dial In User Service
(RADIUS)", RFC 2865, June 2000.
[RFC2866] Rigney, C., "RADIUS Accounting", RFC 2866, June 2000.
[RFC2867] Zorn, G., Aboba, B., and D. Mitton, "RADIUS
Accounting Modifications for Tunnel Protocol
Support", RFC 2867, June 2000.
[RFC2868] Zorn, G., Leifer, D., Rubens, A., Shriver, J.,
Holdrege, M., and I. Goyret, "RADIUS Attributes for
Tunnel Protocol Support", RFC 2868, June 2000.
[RFC2869] Rigney, C., Willats, W., and P. Calhoun, "RADIUS
Extensions", RFC 2869, June 2000.
[RFC3162] Aboba, B., Zorn, G., and D. Mitton, "RADIUS and
IPv6", RFC 3162, August 2001.
[RFC3575] Aboba, B., "IANA Considerations for RADIUS (Remote
Authentication Dial In User Service)", RFC 3575, July
2003.
[RFC3579] Aboba, B. and P. Calhoun, "RADIUS (Remote
Authentication Dial In User Service) Support For
Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP)", RFC 3579,
September 2003.
[RFC3580] Congdon, P., Aboba, B., Smith, A., Zorn, G., and J.
Roese, "IEEE 802.1X Remote Authentication Dial In
User Service (RADIUS) Usage Guidelines", RFC 3580,
September 2003.
[RFC3621] Berger, A. and D. Romascanu, "Power Ethernet MIB",
RFC 3621, December 2003.
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RFC 4441 IEEE 802/IETF Relationship March 2006
[RFC3635] Flick, J., "Definitions of Managed Objects for the
Ethernet-like Interface Types", RFC 3635, September
2003.
[RFC3636] Flick, J., "Definitions of Managed Objects for IEEE
802.3 Medium Attachment Units (MAUs)", RFC 3636,
September 2003.
[RFC3637] Heard, C.M., Ed., "Definitions of Managed Objects for
the Ethernet WAN Interface Sublayer", RFC 3637,
September 2003.
[RFC3748] Aboba, B., Blunk, L., Vollbrecht, J., Carlson, J.,
and H. Levkowetz, "Extensible Authentication Protocol
(EAP)", RFC 3748, June 2004.
[RFC4017] Stanley, D., Walker, J., and B. Aboba, "Extensible
Authentication Protocol (EAP) Method Requirements for
Wireless LANs", RFC 4017, March 2005.
[RFC4118] Yang, L., Zerfos, P., and E. Sadot, "Architecture
Taxonomy for Control and Provisioning of Wireless
Access Points (CAPWAP)", RFC 4118, June 2005.
[RFC4137] Vollbrecht, J., Eronen, P., Petroni, N., and Y. Ohba,
"State Machines for Extensible Authentication
Protocol (EAP) Peer and Authenticator", RFC 4137,
August 2005.
[RFC4181] Heard, C., Ed., "Guidelines for Authors and Reviewers
of MIB Documents", BCP 111, RFC 4181, September 2005.
[RFC4188] Norseth, K. and E. Bell, "Definitions of Managed
Objects for Bridges", RFC 4188, September 2005.
[RFC4363] Levi, D. and D. Harrington, "Definitions of Managed
Objects for Bridges with Traffic Classes, Multicast
Filtering, and Virtual LAN Extensions", RFC 4363,
January 2006.
[TYPE-TUT] IEEE Standards Association, "Use of the IEEE Assigned
EtherType Field with IEEE Std 802.3, 1998 Edition
Local and Metropolitan Area Networks",
http://standards.ieee.org/regauth/ethertype/
type-tut.html.
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4. Acknowledgements
The authors would like to acknowledge Les Bell, Dan Romascanu, Dave
Harrington, Tony Jeffree, Fred Baker, Paul Congdon, Paul Langille,
and C. M. Heard for contributions to this document.
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Appendix A. Relationship History
A.1. MIB Development
A.1.1. Bridge MIB
The relationship between IETF and IEEE 802 began in the late 1980s
with SNMP MIBs developed for the original IEEE 802.1D standard.
Because the IEEE specification [IEEE-802.1D] contained only a
functional definition of the counters and operations, the IETF's
Bridge MIB WG took on the role of defining the Bridge MIB [RFC1493],
which was published as an RFC. Fred Baker and later Keith McCloghrie
served as chairs of the Bridge WG.
The Bridge MIB combined the work of Keith McCloghrie, Eric Decker,
and Paul Langille, with spanning tree expertise provided by Anil
Rijsinghani. Mick Seaman (author of 802.1D) and Floyd Backes (who
had written the code for Digital Equipment's spanning tree
implementation) were the main contacts within IEEE 802.1. Since
Mick, Floyd, Anil, and Paul all worked for Digital Equipment
Corporation at the time, much of the coordination between IEEE 802.1
and the Bridge MIB WG took place in the hallways at Digital, rather
than within official channels.
A.1.2. MAU and Hub MIBs
In the early 1990s when IEEE 802.3 was completing the first Ethernet
standards, SNMP was not yet the dominant network management protocol.
As a result, a 'protocol independent' MIB is included in Clause 30 of
the IEEE 802.3 standard [IEEE-802.3], which is updated each time the
Ethernet standard is enhanced to support higher speeds. In parallel,
IEEE 802 participants interested in network management were active in
the formation of the IETF HUBMIB WG, which took on the task of
transforming IEEE 802 definitions into SNMP MIBs documented as
Standards Track RFCs. This included Dan Romascanu, Chair of the IETF
HUBMIB WG since 1996.
The Charter of the HUBMIB WG explicitly mentions that the IEEE 802.3
standard is the starting point for the Ethernet MIB, but at the same
time reserves the right to deviate from the IEEE model -- either to
cover only part of the capabilities offered by the standard or to add
MIB objects that are not directly derived from the IEEE model (mostly
implemented in software). If management needs lead to requirements
for hardware support, the IETF HUBMIB WG is to provide this input to
IEEE 802.3 in a timely manner.
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Cooperation between the IETF HUBMIB WG and IEEE 802.3 has continued
for more than a decade until today, mostly based on the work of a few
editors supported by their companies, who are taking the IEEE
standards and mapping them into a management data model and MIBs.
Work items include:
- The Hub MIB [RFC2108], which has gone through three iterations,
and is probably ending its evolution, as repeaters are less used
in Ethernets.
- The MAU MIB, which has been updated each time a new Ethernet speed
is developed, with [RFC3636] accommodating 10-Gbps Ethernet.
- The Ethernet-like Interfaces MIB was not originally a work item
of the HUBMIB WG, but the WG took responsibility for a revision,
published as [RFC3635].
- The WAN Interface Sublayer MIB [RFC3637] and the Power Ethernet MIB
[RFC3621] were developed in IEEE 802.3 and the IETF HUBMIB WG.
In 2000, an official liaison was established between IEEE 802.3 and
the IETF HUBMIB WG, and Dan Romascanu was appointed IETF liaison.
The conditions of the liaison agreement allows editors and other
participants in the IETF HUBMIB WG access to work-in-progress drafts
in IEEE 802.3 on a personal basis, for the purpose of working on MIBs
before the release of the standard. However, the username and
password for IEEE 802.3 document access are not for publication on
any IETF website or mailing list.
A.1.3. 802.1p/Q MIB
In 1996 as the 802.1p and 802.1Q [IEEE-802.1Q] standards were being
completed, a need was perceived for development of an SNMP MIB, based
on the management clauses of those standards. IEEE 802 management
clauses are written in a manner that was independent of any protocol
that may be used to implement them.
At that time, there were a number of proprietary VLAN management MIBs
that were both inadequate and difficult to understand. As a result,
there was a need for a more comprehensive, simpler model for VLAN
management, along with the priority and multicast filtering
management also defined by these standards.
A small group of participants from the 802.1 WG began working on the
problem independently, then combined their work. The original
authors of the Bridge MIB, on which some of the work was based,
reviewed the initial work.
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By the end of 1997, the work was ready for review by a larger
audience. Andrew Smith worked with Keith McCloghrie, chair of the
Bridge MIB WG (dormant at the time), to obtain a meeting slot at the
March 1998 IETF meeting. After this, review and development of the
MIB continued on the IETF standards track.
During the development of [RFC2674], there was no official inter-
working between the IETF Bridge MIB and IEEE 802.1 groups.
Development of this MIB was successful, because the main developers
(Andrew Smith and Les Bell) were involved in both the IEEE 802.1 and
the IETF Bridge MIB WGs.
A.1.4. 802.3ad and 802.1X MIBs
As part of the IEEE 802.3ad and IEEE 802.1X standards work, it was
decided that it would be better to develop a MIB as part of the
standards, rather than wait until an IETF WG was formed, and develop
the MIBs separately, so as to avoid a significant time lag in their
development.
As Les Bell was the participant in IEEE 802.3ad and IEEE 802.1 most
familiar with SNMP MIB development, he put together the initial MIBs
based on the management framework the groups had come up with.
Additional assistance was then received for both MIBs from within the
IEEE 802.3ad and IEEE 802.1X groups. Tony Jeffree, editor of both
standards, acted as editor of the MIBs as well.
The problem with IEEE 802 developing these MIBs without IETF
involvement was the lack of review. IEEE 802 members are generally
not familiar with MIBs, and very few comments were received as part
of the balloting process for either MIB.
In the case of the IEEE 802.3ad MIB, this meant that basic errors
were not discovered until just before publication. Unfortunately, by
then it was too late, and the corrections submitted to the IEEE
802.3ad chair and document editor did not get applied to the
published version.
Subsequent to the publication of [IEEE-802.1X], the IEEE 802.1X MIB
was reviewed within the Bridge WG, and several syntax errors were
found. These have been corrected in the version of the MIB module
that was developed as part of [IEEE-802.1X-2004]. However, while
[IEEE-802.1X-MIB] was originally published as a work in progress
within the Bridge WG, there was not sufficient interest to complete
its publication as an RFC. As a result, the draft has now expired.
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A.1.5. 802.1t, 802.1u, 802.1v, and 802.1w MIBs
802.1t and 802.1u were minor amendments to the 802.1D and 802.1Q
standards, requiring some additions to the MIB published in
[RFC2674]. 802.1v was a new feature extending the VLAN
classification schemes of 802.1Q, also requiring extensions to
[RFC2674]. 802.1w was a new version of Spanning Tree, requiring
rewriting of part of [RFC1493].
When Les Bell took on the role of Chair of the IETF Bridge MIB WG in
2001, these issues were raised as new work items and two volunteers
were found to become editors of the Internet-Drafts. A work item was
also included to publish the IEEE 802.1X MIB as an Informational RFC.
This approach worked well for a while, but it then became difficult
for the participants, including the editors and the Chair, to sustain
a level of interest sufficient to overcome the difficulties
introduced by budget cutbacks. As a result, the drafts have now
expired, although there are no significant technical issues
outstanding.
A.2. AAA/EAP
Since the late 1990s, IEEE 802.1 has been involved in work relating
to authentication and authorization [IEEE-802.1X], which led to
discovery of issues in several IETF specifications, including
[RFC2284] and [RFC2869]. Similarly, IETF participants have uncovered
issues in early versions of the RADIUS usage specifications such as
[RFC3580], as well as the IEEE 802.1X state machine [Mishra].
In order to address these issues and ensure synchronization between
IEEE 802.1 and the IETF EAP and AAA WGs, a liaison arrangement was
utilized during the development of [IEEE-802.1X] and
[IEEE-802.1X-2004].
IEEE 802.11 groups such as IEEE 802.11i and IEEE 802.11F have also
become dependent on EAP and AAA work. This relationship was more
challenging since IEEE 802.11 required development of EAP methods and
the EAP Key Management Framework, which represented substantial new
IETF work, as opposed to the clarifications and updates required by
IEEE 802.1.
A.2.1. IEEE 802.1X
IEEE 802.1X-2001 [IEEE-802.1X] defined the encapsulation of EAP
[RFC2284] over IEEE 802, as well as a state machine for the joint
operation of IEEE 802.1X and EAP.
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During the development of IEEE 802.1X-2001, several problems were
discovered in the specification for RADIUS/EAP [RFC2869], and as a
result, work was begun on a revision [RFC3579]. In addition,
clarifications were required on how RADIUS attributes defined in
[RFC2865], [RFC2866], [RFC2867], [RFC2868], [RFC2869], and [RFC3162]
would be interpreted by IEEE 802.1X implementations. To address
this, a non-normative RADIUS usage appendix was added to
[IEEE-802.1X], and published as [RFC3580].
Subsequent to the publication of [IEEE-802.1X], a formal analysis of
the IEEE 802.1X state machine by the University of Maryland disclosed
several security issues [Mishra]. Discussion within IEEE 802.1
pointed to lack of clarity in [RFC2284], which resulted from the
absence of a specification for the EAP state machine specification.
At that time, EAP was handled within the IETF PPPEXT WG, which was
largely inactive. In order to undertake work on a revised EAP
specification as well as the specification of the EAP state machine,
the IETF EAP WG was formed in July 2002. Bernard Aboba, a
participant in IEEE 802.1 as well as PPPEXT, was named co-chair.
Work on the EAP state machine [RFC4137] and revised EAP specification
[RFC3748] proceeded in parallel within the EAP WG, with issues or
changes in one document requiring changes to the other document, as
well as revisions to [IEEE-802.1X-2004]. The revised RADIUS/EAP
specification [RFC3579] was also reviewed within the EAP WG, since at
that time the RADEXT WG had not yet been formed.
The revision to IEEE 802.1X [IEEE-802.1X-2004] included the
following:
- a revised RADIUS usage appendix based on [RFC3580]
- clarifications based on [RFC3579]
- a revised IEEE 802.1X state machine, based on [RFC3748] and
[RFC4137]
Due to the deep dependencies between [IEEE-802.1X-2004], [RFC3748],
and [RFC4137], a liaison was established between IEEE 802.1X-REV and
the IETF EAP WG in August 2002. This enabled participants in the
IETF EAP WG to obtain access to the IEEE 802.1X revision in progress.
IEEE 802 groups are duty bound to consider all comments received,
regardless of their origin. This allows IETF participants to comment
as part of the IEEE 802 ballot process, regardless of their voting
status within IEEE 802. Where there is active cooperation, IETF WGs
may be made aware that IEEE 802 ballots are occurring and that their
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comments are welcome. IEEE 802.1X-REV and IEEE 802.11i ballots were
announced on the EAP WG mailing list, as are IEEE 802 interim meeting
arrangements.
Similarly, during the IEEE 802.1X-REV ballot process, comments were
received relating to [RFC3748], [RFC4137], and [RFC3579]. These
comments were tracked on the EAP WG Issues List, and were
subsequently addressed in the documents.
In April 2003, [RFC3580] was approved by the IESG for publication as
an RFC, and in May 2003, [RFC3579] was approved for publication as an
RFC. The review process for both drafts involved bringing the
documents to IETF last call, and then reposting the IETF last-call
announcement on the IEEE 802.1 mailing list. While ballot comments
on IEEE 802.1X-REV were also reflected in changes to both documents,
it was necessary for both documents to be approved for publication as
RFCs well in advance of Sponsor Ballot, in order to ensure that RFC
numbers would be assigned in time, so as to avoid delaying
publication.
Overall, despite the complex inter-dependencies between
[IEEE-802.1X-2004], [RFC3748], and [RFC4137], the documents were
produced without undue delay. This was largely due to the work of
joint participants in IEEE 802.1 and IETF EAP WG.
A.2.2. IEEE 802.11i
IEEE 802.11i was chartered to specify security enhancements to
[IEEE-802.11]. Since [IEEE-802.11i] utilized IEEE 802.1X, it
depended on [IEEE-802.1X-2004]. As a result, IEEE 802.11i and IEEE
802.1 held joint meetings at IEEE 802 plenaries and established a
liaison arrangement that permitted members of either group (as well
as EAP WG participants) access to IEEE 802.11i work-in-progress.
Since [IEEE-802.11i] depended on [IEEE-802.1X-2004], it inherited the
dependencies of [IEEE-802.1X-2004], including work on EAP, EAP
methods, and AAA support for EAP. In addition, since IEEE 802.11i
utilized EAP for key management whereas [IEEE-802.1X] does not,
additional security requirements arose with respect to EAP methods.
In February 2002, IEEE 802.11 sent a liaison letter to the IESG
[IEEE-80211Liaison1] requesting additional work on EAP, EAP methods,
and EAP key management. This letter was presented at the second EAP
BOF at IETF 53, and was used as input to the EAP WG charter. In
March 2003, another liaison letter was presented, providing further
clarifications on requirements for EAP method work
[IEEE-80211Liaison2]. This included a request from IEEE 802.11i for
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the EAP WG to consider changing the mandatory-to-implement EAP method
within [RFC3748], so as to provide a method meeting the security
requirements of IEEE 802.11i.
During IETF 56, the request for changing the mandatory-to-implement
method was considered by the EAP WG. A recommendation was made by
the Internet Area Director Erik Nordmark that the IEEE 802.11i
requirements be documented in an RFC and that the EAP WG consider the
security requirements for EAP methods in various situations. It was
recommended not to change the mandatory-to-implement method, since
the EAP WG was not chartered to do work on methods. However, it was
decided to produce a document describing the EAP method requirements
for WLAN usage. This document was subsequently published as
[RFC4017].
Most recently, IEEE 802.11r has been involved in discussions relating
to fast handoff, which may potentially require AAA extensions as well
as changes to the EAP key hierarchy. However, the direction of this
work has not yet been determined so that no liaison request has been
formulated yet.
In April 2003, Dorothy Stanley was appointed liaison from IEEE 802.11
to the IETF, in order to help coordinate between IEEE 802.11 and IETF
WGs, including AAA, BMWG, CAPWAP, and EAP.
A.2.3. IEEE 802.11F
IEEE 802.11F was chartered with development of a recommended practice
for Inter-Access Point Communications. As part of development of an
Inter-Access Point Protocol (IAPP), it was necessary to secure
communications between the access points, as well as to support the
reverse resolution of the MAC address of the previous access point to
its IP address, so as to allow the two access points to communicate
via IAPP. Since the two access points might not be on the same link,
Inverse ARP [RFC2390] was not considered sufficient in all cases.
IEEE 802.11F elected to extend the RADIUS protocol [RFC2865] to
provide inverse address resolution as well as IPsec key management.
This was accomplished via use of Vendor-Specific Attributes (VSAs),
as well as new RADIUS commands, added through definition of
additional values for the RADIUS Service-Type attribute. As a
result, IETF review was not required under the IANA considerations
included in [RFC2865]. Subsequently, the RADIUS IANA considerations
[RFC3575] were revised so as to require IETF review in most cases.
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No liaison arrangement was developed between IEEE 802.11F and IETF
WGs such as AAA WG or SEAMOBY WG, so as to allow IETF participants
access to the IEEE 802.11F specifications prior to publication. Once
IEEE 802.11F entered into Recirculation ballot, only comments
relating to changes in the specification could be considered. As a
result, issues raised relating to the IEEE 802.11F RADIUS extensions
were rejected.
IEEE 802.11F was a Trial Use Recommended Practice. The IEEE 802
Executive Committee approved its withdrawal on November 18, 2005. As
a result, the RADIUS parameters allocated for use by IEEE 802.11F are
available to be reclaimed.
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Appendix B. IAB Members at the Time of This Writing
Bernard Aboba
Loa Andersson
Brian Carpenter
Leslie Daigle
Patrik Falstrom
Bob Hinden
Kurtis Lindqvist
David Meyer
Pekka Nikander
Eric Rescorla
Pete Resnick
Jonathan Rosenberg
Lixia Zhang
Author's Address
Bernard Aboba
Microsoft
One Microsoft Way
Redmond, WA 98052
USA
EMail: bernarda@microsoft.com
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Full Copyright Statement
Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2006).
This document is subject to the rights, licenses and restrictions
contained in BCP 78, and except as set forth therein, the authors
retain all their rights.
This document and the information contained herein are provided on an
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OR IS SPONSORED BY (IF ANY), THE INTERNET SOCIETY AND THE INTERNET
ENGINEERING TASK FORCE DISCLAIM ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED,
INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTY THAT THE USE OF THE
INFORMATION HEREIN WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY RIGHTS OR ANY IMPLIED
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Acknowledgement
Funding for the RFC Editor function is provided by the IETF
Administrative Support Activity (IASA).
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