💾 Archived View for gemini.spam.works › mirrors › textfiles › apple › DOCUMENTATION › bag.tricks.2 captured on 2020-10-31 at 21:28:33.
-=-=-=-=-=-=-
%/%/%/%/%/%/%/%/%/%/%/%/%/%/%/%/%/%/%/%
/ ________________________ /
% !\ /! %
/ ! !\ B A G /! ! /
% ! ! !\ /! ! ! %
/ ! ! ! !>---O-F----<! ! ! ! /
% ! ! !/ \! ! ! %
/ ! !/ T R I C K S \! ! /
% !/______________________\! %
/ /
%/%/%/%/%/%/%/%/%/%/%/%/%/%/%/%/%/%/%/%
S O F T - D O C U M E N T A T I O N
%/%/%/%/%/%/%/%/%/%/%/%/%/%/%/%/%/%/%/%
B Y
] I N C O G N I T O [
%/%/%/%/%/%/%/%/%/%/%/%/%/%/%/%/%/%/%/%
DISTRIBUTED
B Y
THE CURSE [612]920-3576
%/%/%/%/%/%/%/%/%/%/%/%/%/%/%/%/%/%/%/%
---------------------------------------
T R A X
---------------------------------------
TRAX: A track examination program. TRAX will read a track from a
diskette in its "raw" pre-nibbilized form and format it on the screen,
attempting to pick out the sector formatting, such as a protected
diskette or one which has been damaged in some way, TRAX will
highlight its anomolies. TRAX is also useful in conjunction with the
INIT program to determine the physical order or skewing of sectors on
a diskette.
TRAX COMMANDS
=============
[-ANALYSIS MODE COMMANDS-]
ARROW KEYS SELECT TRACK TO READ
R READ CURRENT TRACK
N READ NEXT TRACK
P READ PREVIOUS TRACK
F TOGGLE DISK FORMAT (13/16)
V VERIFY DISK & DISPLAY ERRS
A DISPLAY ADDRESS CHECKSUMS
D DISPLAY DATA CHECKSUMS
0 RECALIBRATE & READ TRACK 0
S CHANGE SLOT/DRIVE CONFIG.
X ENTER RAW DUMP MODE
ESC KEY EXIT PROGRAM
[-RAW DUMP COMMANDS-]
RIGHT ARROW SCROLL FORWARD ONE LINE
LEFT ARROW SCROLL BACK ONE LINE
N SCROLL TO NEXT PAGE
P SCROLL PREVIOUS PAGE
B GO TO BEGINNING OF BUFFER
E GO TO END OF BUFFER
C CHANGE SEARCH BYTE
L LOOK FOR SEARCH BYTE
X RETURN TO ANALYSIS MODE
---------------------------------------
I N I T
---------------------------------------
INIT: The INIT program can be used to reformat a single track on a
diskette, a range of tracks, or the entire diskette. In addition, INIT
will optionally attempt to preserve the contents of any readable
sector it finds before reformatting. Thus, INIT can be used to fix a
single sector whose formatting has been damaged so that it can no
longer be read from or written to. This avoids having to initialize
the entire diskette with the DOS INIT command. INIT will also allow
you to specify the order of the sectors on any given track. doing this
can improve disk read times by about 40%.
INIT OPTIONS
============
Disk Sectoring:
THIS VALUE IS THE NUMBER OF SECTORS PER TRACK. THE OPTIONS ARE 13
OR 16.
Disk Format: This is the type of operating system being used on this
diskette.
Preserve Data: This question asks whether the data currently on your
diskette should be preserved.
Skew Direction:
This prompt indicates the direction of
the skewing to be used.
Skew Factor: This is the spacing placed between logically sequential
sectors during formatting.
Slot: The number of the slot occupied by your disk drive controller
card.
Drive: The drive number of your disk drive.
Volume Number: This is the volume number that will be used to format
your diskette.
Starting Track: The track number upon which formatting is to start.
Ending Track: The last track to be formatted.
---------------------------------------
Z A P
---------------------------------------
ZAP: ZAP in its simplest sense allows you to read and modify a
diskette at the track and sector level. A sector may be read and
displayed in hexadecimal and ascii and, optionally, modified and
rewritten to the disk. ZAP provides over 50 commands, including some
programmability with macros, labels, and loops, allowing you to
perfrom complex manipulations on diskettes. full support exists for
DOS files of all types, CP/M files, and Pascal files as well. ZAP is
perhaps the most complex of the four programs but you will probably
find you use it most heavily.
ZAP COMMANDS
============
[-INPUT/OUTPUT COMMANDS-]
/EXP/ Set buffer cursor
+/EXP/ Move forward in buffer, disk, or file
-/EXP/ Move backward in buffer, disk, or file
R/TRK/,/SEC/ Read track, sector (file closed)
R/REC/,/BYT/ Read record, byte (file open)
WRITE/TRK/,/SEC/ Write track, sector (file closed)
WRITE/REC/,/SEC/ Write record, byte (file open)
N/EXP/ Next sector (plus /exp/sectors)
P/EXP/ Previous sector (minus/exp/sectors)
% Indirect read track, sector
[-BUFFER MODIFY COMMANDS-]
:/STR/ Store string into buffer
SET/STR/ Multiple store
&/STR/ Logical AND operation
O/STR/ Logical OR operation
X/STR/ Logical EXCLUSIVE OR operation
[-COMPARISON COMMANDS-]
L/STR/ Look for string
V/STR/ Verify string matches buffer
COMPARE/BUFFER/ Compare buffers
[-OPTION SWITCH COMMANDS-]
LC DISPLAY LOWER CASE AS IS
UC TRANSLATE LOWER CASE TO UPPER CASE
IMAGE Print characters in image form
ASCII Standard ascii translation
LOCK Prevent write operations
UNLOCK Allow write operations
DOS16 Use DOS 3.3 skew table (16 sector)
DOS13 Use DOS 3.2 or DOS 3.1 skew table (13 sector)
CPM Use CPM skew table (16 sector)
PASCAL Use Pascal skew table (16 sector)
WRAP Allow disk or file wraparound
NOWRAP Prevent disk or file wraparound
[-FILE COMMANDS-]
OPEN/STR/ Open a file
RLEN/STR/ Set record length
CLOSE Close file
WHERE Open file containing sector
[-PRINTER COMMANDS-]
PR#/EXP/ Set printer slot number
PRINT Copy screen to printer
DUMP/EXP/ Dump sector(s) to printer
IDUMP Dump instructions to printer
NOTE/LINE/ Print comment line
LOG Log all changes
NOLOG Stop logging changes
[-BUFFER COMMANDS-]
#/EXP/ Select buffer
[-MACRO COMMANDS-]
(/NAME/ /TEXT/) Define macro
/NAME/ Invoke macro
//NAME/ Delete macro
MACROS List all macros
MSWAP Swap macro table with buffer
[-LABEL COMMANDS-]
LABELS Display all labels
=/NAME/ Define label
//NAME/ Delete label
/NAME/ Position to label
/NAME/+/EXP/ Position to label plus expression
LSWAP Swap label table with buffer
[-TRACE COMMANDS-]
TRACE Display trace table
< Back up in trace
> Advance in trace
[-MISCELLANEOUS COMMANDS-]
AT/EXP/ Position but do not read
AT Mark buffer empty
S/SLOT/,/DRIVE/ Set disk slot, drive
?/EXP/ Calculator
I Disassemble to screen
LOOP/CNT/,/LOC/ Repeat line
HELP/EXP/ Show help screen
VTOC Read DOS VTOC
STATUS Show ZAP status variables
END Exit zap
--------------------------------------
F I X C A T
--------------------------------------
FIXCAT: The fixcat program is an automated utility which allows you
to diagnose and correct errors in the catalog track of any DOS
diskette. In addition, it takes the Find Track/ Sector lists program
(FTS) of Beneath Apple DOS a step further by actually recovering lost
files on a diskette automatically! Fixcat will also allow you to
remove the DOS image from track 1 and 2 to provide more room for files
and will recover lost sectors by correcting the VTOC freespace map.
FIXCAT MESSAGES
===============
Display in what slot?
If you wish to have fixcat display its message only on the Apple
screen, enter 0 (the default). If you want them to be printed on a
printer, give the slot number of your printer here.
Automatic Timeout in Seconds?
Enter 0 (the default) if you want FIXCAT to always wait for your
response to each question it asks. If you specify a number of seconds,
in the other hand, each time FIXCAT prompts you for a response, it
will wait that number if seconds before taking the default as your
answer.
What Format is Your Diskette?
If your diskette is 16 sector format, type 16 (the default). If it is
an older 13 sector diskette, type 13.
Read existing catalog from diskette or start from scratch? ("R" or
"S")
If your catalog is at all intact, specify R (the default) to have
FIXCAT use it as a basis for its operations. Only if there is not a
single valid sector left in the catalog should you specify "S". In
this case, FIXCAT will start with a zeroed out catalog track and will
build it up from scratch.
Does this diskette contain a DOS image on tracks 0, 1, and 2?
If this is a standard, bootable disk, reply Y (the default). If you
want to recover track 1 and 2 for your own and never boot this
diskette again, reply N. Also reply N if you have previosly recovered
these tracks using FIXCAT.
Scan for Lost or Deleted Files?
If you do not think you have any missing files, reply N (the
default). If you wish to have FIXCAT search the entire diskette for
"unattached" track/ sector list sectors, type Y.
Recover This File?
If you think that this is a file you want, reply Y (the default). If
the file looks like an old deleted file you no longer wanted, reply
N.
What type of File is it? (T,I,A,B,R,S)
If you were able to identify the file, you probably know its file type
as well. If not, FIXCAT will prompt you with a pretty good guess.
You'll find that FIXCAT will be correct in its guess about 95% of the
time. If the wrong file type is given and you later detect this you
can delete the file and rerun FIXCAT, supplying a different type this
time.
Apply Accumulated Corrections to the VTOC/Catalog Track?
Reply Y if you want the corrections you have authorized up to this
point to be applied to the catalog track on your diskette. Reply N if
you want to forget the whole thing and not change your diskette after
all.