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Bag of Tricks Documentation
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Written by: The Phantom
WARNING!!! WARNING!!! WARNING!!! Back up the disks that you are
going to use INIT, ZAP, FIXCAT on or you are taking a big chance!
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TRAX
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1. Summary of TRAX commands
1.1 Analysis Mode commands
Arrows Select track to read.
R Read current track.
N Read next track.
P Read previous track.
F Toggle disk format (13 or 16 secs).
V Verify disk and display errors.
A Display address checksums.
D Display data checksums.
0 Recalibrate and read track 0.
S Change slot/drive configuration
X Enter raw dump mode.
ESC Exit program.
2. Raw Dump Commands
-> Scroll forward one line
<- Scroll back one line
N Scroll to next page
P Scroll to previous page
B Go to beginning of buffer
E Go to end of buffer
C Change search byte
X Return to analysis mode
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INIT
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3. Summary of INIT Functions
3.1 Disk sectoring
This value is the number of sectors per track. the options are 13
or 16. A 16 sector selection will not work if you have an old disk
drive which has not been updated for 16 sectors per track.
3.2 Disk format
This is the type of operating system being used on this diskette.
for 13 sector both DOS and CP/M are available. For 16 sectors disks
DOS, CP/M and PASCAL are available (the PASCAL option works for
Apple Fortran).
3.3 Preserve data
This option will allow you to re-format a disk while preserving the
data on it.
3.4 Skew direction
This prompt indicates the direction of the skewing to be used. The
options are ascending and descending. Ordinarily, DOS reads sectors
in descending order while CP/M and PASCAL read them in ascending
order.
3.5 ???
TO 9, you could increase your disk speed up to 40%.
3.6 Slot
The number of the slot occupied by you disk controller.
3.7 Drive
The drive number of you disk drive.
3.8 Volume number
This is the volume number that will be used to format your
diskette. The numbers 0-254 are available. You can use this to
change a volume number.
3.9 Starting track
The track number which formating is to start.
3.10 Ending Track
The last track to be formated.
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ZAP
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4. The ZAP Program
/EXP/ Moving the buffer cursor to the ofset given by /EXP/.
/EXP/ may range in value from $00 to $FF (0-255)
+|-/EXP/ (The symbols +|- means you can put a plus or minus sign
at that point.) Move the cursor to a new offset, computed
by adding or subtracting the value of the expression,
/EXP/ EX. +257.
R Read track and sector. Used in this
format..R/EXP1/,/EXP2/
WRITE Write to current track and sector. Used in this
format...WRITE/EXP1/,/EXP2/
N Next track.
P Read previous sector.
LC Lower case.
UC Upper case.
IMAGE Sets the ASCII translation on the right hand side of the
screen so that minimal translation is done.
ASCII The opposite of IMAGE mode. ASCII is the defult.
LOCK Lock ZAP so no writing can be done.
UNLOCK Opposite of LOCK, undoes LOCK.
DOS16 Informs ZAP the the disk has 16 sec format.
DOS13 Self explanitory.
CP/M For CP/M disks.
PASCAL For PASCAL disks.
OPEN You can open a file like...OPEN"HELLO" and it will read
the VTOC and find the track sector list and display the
sectors c
CLOSE Closes an opened file.
PRINT Copies entire screen to printer.
Here is a list of all the ZAP commands including the ones i didn't
metion.
/EXP/ Set buffer cursor
+/EXP/ Move forward in buffer, disk, or file
-/EXP/ Move backward as above
R/TRK/,/SEC/ Read track, sector
R/REC/,BYT/ Read record, byte (open file)
WRITE/TRK/,/SEC/ Writes track, sector
WRITE/REC/,/BYT/ Same as above
N Next sector
P Previous sector
% indirect read
5. Buffer Modify Commands
/STR/ Store string into buffer
SET Multiple store
& Logical and operation
O Logical OR operation
X Logical Exclusive OR operation
6. COMPARISON COMMANDS
L Look for string.
V verify strings matches buffer
COMPARE/BUFFER/ Compare buffers.
7. Option Switch Commands
LC Lowercase
UC Uppercase.
IMAGE Print char in image form.
ASCII Standard ascii translation.
LOCK Prevent write operations.
UNLOCK Allow write operations.
DOS16 DOS 3.3
DOS13 DOS 3.2 OR 3.1
CPM Use CPM skew table (16 sector).
PASCAL Use PASCAL skwe table.
NOWRAP Prevent disk or file wraparound
8. File Commands
OPEN Open a file
RLEN Set record length
CLOSE Close file
WHERE Open file containing sector
9. Printer Commands.
PR# Set printer slot number
PRINT Copy screen to printer
DUMP Dump sector(s) to printer
IDUMP Dump instructions to printer
NOTE Print comment line
LOG Log all changes
NOLOG Stop logging changes
10. Buffer command
# Select buffer
11. Macro Commands
(/NAME//TEXT/) Define macro
/NAME/ Invoke macro
//NAME/ Delete macro
MACROS List of all macros
MSWAP Swap macro table with buffer
H 1 "Label Commands"
LABLES Displays all labels
=/NAME/ Define label
//NAME/ Delete label
/NAME/+/EXP/ Position to label plus expression
LSWAP Swap label trace with buffer
12. Trace commands
TRACE Display trace table
< Back up in trace
> Advance in trace
13. Miscellaneous Commands
AT/EXP/ Position but do not read
AT Mark buffer empty
S/x/,/y/ Set disk slot to (x) and ,drive to (y)
?/EXP/ Calculator
I Disassemble to screen
LOOP/CNT/,/LOC/ Repeat line
HELP/EXP/ Shows help screen
VTOC Reads DOS VTOC
CAT Read first catalog sector
STATUS Show ZAP status variables
END Exit ZAP
14. Patching DOS using ZAP
14.1 Log note patch to aviod reload of language card
R0,9 D3 V8D00E0 D3:EAEAEA UNLOCK WRITE NOLOG
14.2 BRUN or EXEC the HELLO File
To BRUN
R0,D V06 42:34 UNLOCK WRITE NOLOG
To EXEC:
R0,D 42 V06 42:14 UNLOCK WRITE NOLOG
14.3 Removing the pause during a long CATALOG
R1,D VCE 43:60 UNLOCK WRITE NOLOG
14.4 Changing the HELLO File Name
R1,9 75:'THE NEW NAME' UNLOCK WRITE NOLOG
14.5 Put cursor on command which caused a DOS Err
UNLOCK
R1,5 FF V6C FF:4C WRITE
R1,6 00 V5E9D 00:DFBC WRITE
R0,6 DF:C625:::2022FC6C5E9D WRITE
NOLOG
14.6 Allow the Value of the L Keyword of a BSAVE to Exceed 32k
R1,8 63 VFF7F 63:FFFF UNLOCK WRITE
NOLOG
15. FIXCAT
This is a self explanitory program. But here are some notes
The way this program restores deleted files is that it goes looking
for track/sector lists. I found this program to be realy great.
First, if you have an I/O err, use INIT, while saving the data. If
the I/O err is on the catalog track. No problem! Just run FIXCAT
after using INIT and you can either start from scratch (warning! I
have never done this so make a backup before using) or you can read
from present catalog. If you start from scratch look for deleted
files and restore all that you can.