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APPLE MECHANIC DOCUMENTATION
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SHAPE EDITOR/FONT EDITOR:
USE KEYS 1 thru 6
KEY #1 EDIT- shape
KEY #2 SAVE- shape
KEY #3 LOAD- shapes
KEY #4 CATALOG- disk
KEY #5 DRIVE- drive/slot change
KEY #6 DISPLAY- shapes
ESC KEY EXIT- program
#1
EDIT:
Press key #1-view shape table
RIGHT ARROW
LEFT ARROW view shapes, up to 12, in memory.
ZERO, COLON, HYPHEN- shapes 10,11,12 to view.
RETURN- give you two rectangles on screen and flashing cursor.
ARROW KEYS,A,Z - right, left,up,down.
SHAPE EDITOR- limit 999 vectors. Change max in beginning of program.
X(erase)- Use X as a "backspace" key.
P=PRE-PLOT-After you have selected shape,before RETURN select P,now
you can draw with series of dots.When finished with P hit RETURN.
PLOTTING TIPS- To move plotting course without changing the drawing
use SPACE BAR.
HOW TO USE SHAPE TABLES:
Set ROT & SCALE to minimum values 0 and 1. Then decide where in memory
to load shape table. Example 25,000 is a nice round number.
10 ROT=0: SCALE = 1
20 SH = 25000:D$=CHR$(4)
30 D$;"BLOAD SHAPES,A";SH
SETTING THE SHAPE TABLE POINTER:
To tell your APPLE where your shape table is(location 25000) you need
two pokes-
40 POKE 232,SH-INT?(SH/256) * 256
50 POKE 233,INT?(SH/256)
These two pokes put 25000 into the shape table pointer at memory
locations 232 & 233. ALWAYS INCLUDE THE TWO POKES AT THE BEGINNING OF
YOU SHAPE TABLE PROGRAMS OR YOU'LL LOSE THE WHOLE SHAPE. To alternate
between shape tables,simply re-poke a new location into the shape
table pointer at 232,233 each time you change.
HCOLOR:
HCOLOR=0 OR 4: BLACK HCOLOR=1: GREEN HCOLOR=2: VIOLET
HCOLOR=3 OR 7: WHITE HCOLOR=5: ORANGE HCOLOR=6: BLUE
DRAW AND XDRAW:
Draw means just that,draw a shape for a shape table,example command-
99 DRAW 3 AT 100,90:REM(AT X,Y)
XDRAW- works like DRAW but ignores HCOLOR and plots dots in the
opposite color of the dot being plotted.
BLACK(0/4) IS OPPOSITE WHITE (3/7) GREEN(1) IS OPPOSITE
VIOLET(2) ORANGE (5) IS OPPOSITE BLUE(6)
HI-RES COORDINATES: To tell a shape where to appear,specify the
coordinates (horizontal,vertical) of the shapes starting point.Don't
specify outside of screen limits or it will CRASH.
HORIZONTAL: 0 TO 279 VERTICAL: 0 TO 191 VERTICAL W/4
TEXT LINES: 0 TO 159
DRAWING WITHOUT COORDINATES:
After first shape is drawn, you don't need to specify coordinates for
the next DRAW or XDRAW. Each successive shape without coordinates will
begin at the point where the previous shape stopped.
SCALE:
You can enlarge a shape by setting SCALE equal to a number,2-255 or 0.
A SCALE of zero is equivalent to a SCALE of 256.
ROT:
You can rotate a shape by setting ROT before you draw-
ROT=0: NORMAL
ROT=16:ROTATED 90 CLOCKWISE
ROT=32: " 180 (UPSIDE DOWN)
ROT=48: " 270 CLOCKWISE
ROT values between the above only apply when SCALE is set larger the
minimum(1). ROT values greater then 64 simply repeat the cycle until
ROT=255
MOVING A SHAPE:
More than one way to move a shape. Basically you have to DRAW the
shape, ERASE it, and REDRAW it in a new position. This XDRAW does all
that
100 FOR X = 0 TO 279
110 XDRAW 5 AT X,100: REM DRAW SHAPE
115 XDRAW 5 AT X,100: REM ERASE SHAPE
120 NEXT X
With DRAW you erase the shape by re-DRAWing it in the background
color.
OTHER EXAMPLES:
100 FOR X = 0 TO 279
110 HCOLOR=3:DRAW 5 AT X,100: REM DRAW
120 HCOLOR=0:DRAW 5 AT X,100: REM ERASE
120 NEXT X
OR
113 FOR I = 1 TO 50: NEXT
117 FOR I = 1 TO 1: NEXT
OTHER HI-RES MANIPULATIONS:
HGR -clears page 1 to black
HGR2-clears page 2 to black
HCOLOR=X:HPLOT 0,0:CALL 62454- clears hi-res in HCOLOR X
The following "switches" do not clear the screen,but REVEAL whatever
is currently on the page 1 or 2 text,hi-res,or lo-res screens:
POKE 49323,0-view hi or lo res
POKE 49233,0-view text screen
POKE 49234,0-view full graphic,lo or hi res
POKE 49235,0-view graphics plus 4 text lines(VTAB 21-24)
POKE 49236,0-view page 1 (hi,lo res or text)
POKE 49237,0-view page 2
POKE 49238,0-view lo res
POKE 49239,0-view hi res
POKE 230,32- allows drawing on page 1
POKE 230,64- allows drawing on page 2
POKE 230,96- allows drawing on page 3(not directly viewable)
PRINT PEEK(228) -prints HCOLOR code
PRINT PEEK(231) -prints current SCALE value
PRINT PEEK(249) -prints current ROT value
CALL 62923- stores last plotted coordinates at 224-226
PEEK(226) -VERTICAL position during last CALL 62923
PEEK(224)+PEEK(225)*256 -horizontal during CALL 62923
FONT EDITOR:
95 hi res characters Use with HI-WRITER, XTYPER
SHAPE FONTS TAKE UP MORE MEMORY AND DISK SPACE THAN ANY OTHER HI-RES
FONTS. 18 SECTORS FOR LARGE, 7 SECTORS FOR SMALL DOS TOOLKIT ONLY USE
5 SECTORS, REASON IS FLEXIBILITY AND ATTRACTIVENESS.
LARGE FONTS vs SMALL FONTS:
All font names in APPLE MECHANIC are preceded by a }(shift-M).All are
large-height fonts,except those with "small" in their names. Another
way to tell-by sectors.Full 96 character large fonts will be 16-20
sectors,small fonts will be 6-10 sectors.
TO USE FONT EDITOR:
"RUN FONT EDITOR" USE 1-6 KEY INSTRUCTION IN BEGINNING OF THIS PROGRAM
LOAD W/KEY#3 FONTS YOU MIGHT WANT TO SEE
EDITING: Key #1-gives you a striped flashing cursor,use ARROWS or A,
Z keys. Also see ASCII value of the key that will type character.
Hit RETURN, THREE OPTIONS:
(I)-Grid imprint-Prints selected character as a 10x blowup of grid.
(E)-Erase/Redraw- Temporarily erases character so can be redrawn.
(S)-Shadow Imprint-Prints a shadow of character on 10x grid.Shadow is
for reference or tracing,does not effect final shape.
SPACE BAR
changes cursor for SOLID to OUTLINED and back, representing PLOT and
NO-PLOT.
DISPLAY- KEY #6:
Select 6 and type as you normally would. ESC = between upper and lower
case. To type a save use Xtyper or Hi-Writer programs
XTYPER PROGRAM:
Use this program to type Page One hi-res screen,up to three
shape-fonts at a time. To start, type "RUN XTYPER" and make sure disk
has at least one large or one small shape-font on it including every
font you intend to use.
MAIN MENU:
Running Xtyper or Ctrl-R while typing display Menu & lets you load
fonts,clear hi-res screen,load and save hi-res images and quit
program.
(1,2,&3) LOADING FONTS:
You can load up to 3 large or small fonts.Select 1,2,or 3 and enter
name of font(example- "BLOAD FONTNAME,A18880")
(X)CLEAR HI-RES SCREEN:
Hit X to clear,if you have no image loaded on hi-res page 1.If you get
a snowy screen,type Crtl-R,X,Y, and RETURN
(L)LOAD HI-RES PICTURE:
Select L to load a hi-res picture from your disk.
(S)SAVE EXISTING PICTURE:
WARNING:Lock files so you don't accidentally enter a font name when
saving a hi-res image. Note*** To see hi-res picture on page 1 when
not running a program type HGR(return)and BLOAD PICTURE
,A$2000(return),where "picture" is the name of the image you want to
see.
(C)CATALOG:
Select C to catalog main menu.You can check file names fonts or
hi-res.You will be given the option also of locking and unlocking
files.
(Q)QUIT:
Select Q lets you quit Xtyper. Message "GOTO 2000 TO CONTINUE" if you
"RUN" instead of "GOTO 2000" you would have to reload your fonts.
TYPING WITH XTYPER:
KEYS***
RETURN- same as typewriter
ESC- upper and lower case
CTRL-P - left-square bracket
SHIFT-M- right-square bracket
CTRL-T-underscores
CTRL-Q-backslash
CURSOR MOVEMENT:
Arrows,left & right
Ctrl-L= right one plot
Crtl-K= left one plot
Crtl-A= up one type line
Crtl-Z= down one type line
Crtl-S= up one plot
Crtl-X= down one plot
ERASING:
THE TOP OF THE CURSOR MUST BE ALIGNED VERTICALLY WITH THE TOP OF A
CAPITAL LETTER ON THE LINE OF TYPE ON WHICH YOU WISH TO MAKE AN
ERASURE
Ctrl-B=backspace/erase:
Place the left of your cursor at the right of the character you want
erased.
Ctrl-E=character/erase:
This method works only with white type on a black background. Align
vertically, and position its left edge so it touches any part of the
character to be erased.
Ctrl-W=wipe out:
Erase entire line of type in black from the top of the caps cursor
down.
OVERTYPING:
Place cursor over character,aligning the top and left edges,change
typing color(ctrl-o) to the color of the background,and type over the
characters to be erased.
(CTRL-F)FONT CHANGE:
Select Ctrl-F will allow you to type a new font.Can't select a font
number that has not been loaded into memory.
(CTRL-O)COLOR CHANGE:
Select Ctrl-O,gives you a new typing color.XTYPER WILL NOT LET YOU
CHOOSE AN ALTERNATE COLOR #7(WHITE) OR #4(BLACK)
(CTRL-G)GRID:
Select Ctrl-G will display a 4x4 grid. Hit Ctrl-G again will erase the
grid. DO NOT TYPE OVER GRID.
(CTRL-R)RETURN TO MAIN MENU:
Select Ctrl-R will give you main menu.
LEADING NOTES (LEADING ):
DEFAULT ERASE COLOR:
Second non-REM program line in Xtyper. The variable BG is the erase
color used by crtl-B and ctrl-w.
HI-WRITER PROGRAM:
Hi-Write is meant to be used as part of your Applesoft programs!!!!!
You can add instructions after line 500 to Hi-Writer instead of Xtyper
as your main program,save disk space and typing.
LIST LINES 50-53 OF HI-WRITER:
50 FLAG=0:REM (0=LOAD, 1=DON'T)
51 FT$(1)= "]BLOCK"
52 FT$(2)= "]SMALL STANDARD"
53 FT$(3)= "]APPLE"
The variable FLAG in line 50,tells Apple whether or not to load the
three fonts form Lines 51-53.
Hi-Writer lets you access up to three fonts at one time. Let FLAG =0
and enter the names of your three fonts at lines 51-53. If you only
want one or two fonts enter a blank FT$(3)=""
PROGRAM VARIABLES: (lines 90-500)do a GOSUB 100
A$:-Words to be printed
FT:-Current Font Number(1-3)
FT3$:-Name of Font 3 to be loaded
VT:-Vtab (1-24)
HT:-Htab (1-40)
IN:-Inverse(1-yes0-no)
CT:-Auto-Center(1-yes0-no)
HC:-Hcolor type(0-7)
CL:-Hcolor for Clearing Screen (0-7)
RT:-Rot value for printing(0-3)
A$
520 A$="HELLO":GOSUB 100
UPPER/LOWER CASE
590 A$="B@EAGLE @B@ROS":GOSUB 90
FT & FT3$
Set FT equal 1,2,3 any time you want to change fonts.You can replace 3
as many times as possible.To replace 1 & 2 change lines 51 & 52 reset
FLAG in line 50 to zero,and re-run the program.
CT & GOTO 400:CENTERING
550 CT=1:VT=8.2:A$="FRIED EGGS":GOSUB 100
or A$="PITTSBURGH":FT=3:GOTO 400
INVERSE
IN to 1 words that follow will be printed in inverse. IN is
automatically reset to zero after each GOSUB 100. Add at least one
space both before and after a word to be inversed.
HC:HCOLOR
HC determines HCOLOR of the words that follow.
RT:ROTATION
RT will print your words rotated.
1= 90 clockwise
2= 90 counter-clockwise
3= upside-down
CL:CLEARING SCREEN
Value 0-7 for HC followed by GOSUB 100 will clear screen in HCOLOR
VT,HT and reset to 1.
POKE TXT,0= reveals the lower sixth of the text screen VTAB 21-24
POKE FULL,0=switch to full hi-res with text screen "hidden" behind.
TEXT= switch you entirely over to a text screen without erasing
hi-res.
POKE HIRES,0= switch you back to hi-res without clearing the screen.
OUT OF MEMORY?:
5000 ? CHR$(4):"RUN NEXT PROGRAM" insert in your program and entire
new version of Hi-Writer will continue.
NON-KEY CHARACTERS:
CHR$(95)=underscore
CHR$(92)=backslash
CHR$(91)=left square bracket
ERRORS:
ONERR GOTO 450 in line 55. Type "TEXT" or hit RESET to find and
correct the error
FONT SPLITTER:
Run FONT SPLITTER to reduce the number of characters in a font. Follow
prompts on screen and let Apple do rest.
PAGE COPY:
With Page Copy text files,you can move image already in memory for one
page to another.
20 INPUT "MOVE IMAGE FROM PAGE:";A
30 INPUT " MOVE IMAGE TO PAGE:";B
40 POKE 60,0:POKE 61,A*32
50 POKE 62,0:POKE 63,A*32+32
60 POKE 64,0:POKE 65,B*32+32
70 POKE 66,0:POKE 67,B*32
80 CALL-468
SHAPE ANALYZER:
8 - Hyphen - enter temporary "mode" ESC - will exit for mode RETURN -
set default value where appropriate.
KEY #6
Arrow keys,A, Z
KEY #7
Draw,Xdraw
KEY #8
Move current shape on screen A,Z,ARROWS,-move 9 units vertically and
horizontally. S,X,K,L,-parallel 1 unit at a time
KEY #9
Arrow increase and decrease by 16(90 ): A,Z, do the same by unit of
1. Hitting RETURN changes to zero(normal)
KEY #0
Arrow changes value, for increase or decrease A,Z,
KEY #: Arrow increases and decreases HCOLOR TEST (0-7).B= background
H=shape RETURN reset HCOLOR to 3 background 0
KEY #
Analyze a shape vector by vector.
1=shapes permitted in table
2=large font shape
0=non-font.
Enter a shape number and watch the screen. Reading left to right you
will see each vector of the shape.(0-255). Inverse =Move & Plot
Normal=Move & Don't Plot. Hit ESC to see graphic display of shape, or
RETURN for another vector analysis.
BYTE ZAP PROGRAM:
CURSOR
Arrow keys move numerically up or down one byte A,Z,-move up or down
one row RETURN -move up or down 16 bytes in the direction the cursor's
arrows are pointing
KEY #1,#2,#3
1 and 3 tells program to read the previous and next sector on disk. 2
will let you name sector you want to read. Enter track and sector
number in dec. or hex.($hex)
KEY #4
H/HEX FORMAT
D/DECIMAL FORMAT
A/ASCII FORMAT
N/NO-FLASH FORMAT
C/CATALOG FORMAT
KEY #5
Printer dump
KEY #6
Catalog,press any key to continue
KEY #7
Slot/Drive Change
KEY #8
Disk Map- Will read VTOC and display a "Map"
+ = used
. = free
KEY #9
Change a Byte-
HEX = "$" (00-FF)
DEC = (0-255)
ASCII = N-normal I-inverse C-control FG-flashing "G"(7) I%-inverse
"%"
NO-normal "O")value(207)
CM-control-M(carriage return value (141) LA-lower case "A"
KEY #0
Quit
KEY #(-)
Write a sector to disk