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Excerpts from : _Smart Drugs and Nutrients_ 
                by  Ward Dean MD & John Morgenthaler
                B&J Publications. PO Box 483, Santa Cruz, CA 95061-0483
                ISBN 0-9627418-9-2

                             ----
                             DMAE
                             ----

DMAE, or dimethylaminoethanol, is normally present in small amounts in our
brains. DMAE is known for its remarkable brain-enhancement effects. It is a
naturally occurring nutrient found in seafood such as anchovies and sardines.
Perhaps this explains why fish has often been called brain food.

DMAE elevates mood, improves memory and learning, increases intelligence,
extends life span of laboratory animals (Hochschild, 1978), and increases
physical energy. It is used by many people for its mild, safe stimulant
effect and yet DMAE also makes it easier for most people to get to sleep.
Many people report less fatigue in the day and sounder sleep at night as well
More<n,Y,=>           as needing less sleep when taking DMAE.

The stimulant effect of DMAE is significantly different from the stimulation
produced by coffee, amphetamines, or other stimulant drugs. DMAE does not
have a drug-like quick up and quick come-down. People who take DMAE have
reported that after three to four weeks, they feel a mild stimulation
continually, without side effects. Also, when DMAE is discontinued, no
depression or let-down occurs.

Riker laboratories developed a prescription drug called Deaner (sometimes
called Deanol). This substance is the p-acetamidobenzoate salt of DMAE and
has very similar effects. Riker marketed their DMAE-like product for learning
problems, under-achievement, shortened attention span, hyperactivity, reading
and speech difficulties, impaired motor coordination, and behavioral problems
in children.

DMAE works by accellerating the brain's synthesis of the neurotransmitter
acetylcholine, which in turn plays a key role in maximizing mental ability as
well as in preventing loss of memory in aging adults.

Precautions: Overdosage can produce insomnia, dull headaches, or tenseness in
muscles especially those of the jaws, neck and legs. These side effects
More<n,Y,=>           disappear if the dosage is lowered slightly. No serious adverse effects have
ever been reported with DMAE. Patients with certain types of epilepsy should
be closely monitored by a physician. DMAE should not be used by people who
are manic depressive because it can deepen the depressive phase.

Dosage: DMAE is used initially at low dosages with a gradual build up to
500mg or 1000mg per day. In some cases lower dosages can result in a good
response. DMAE can take as long as three weeks to take effect.

Sources: DMAE is considered a nutritional supplement and can be found at
health food or drug stores. It comes in bulk powder form, capsules, or
liquid. Liquid DMAE may spoil if left open or if stored at high temperatures.
Keep it tightly sealed in the refrigerator. For sources of DMAE see appendix
A. Other names include: Acumen, Atrol, Bimanol, Cervoxan, Deaner, Diforene,
Dimethaen, dimethylaminoethanol, Elevan, Pabenol, Paxanol, Risatarun,
Tonibral, and Varesal.

References:

ANDERSON K; ANDERSON L
_Orphan Drugs_ Los Angeles, CA: The Body Press, 1987 p 69

More<n,Y,=>           CEDER; G et al.
"Effects of 2-Dimethylaminoethanol (Deanol) on the Metabolism of Choline
in Plasma."   Journal of Neurochemistry. 1978. Vol30 pp 1293-1296

HOCHSCHILD R.
"Effect of Dimethylaminoethyl p-Chlorophenoxy-acetate on the Life Span
of Male Swiss Webster Albino Mice."
Experimental Gerontology. 1973 Vol8 pp 177-183

HONEGGER C; HONEGGER R.
"Occurrence and Quantitative Determination of 2-Dimethylaminoethanol
in Animal Tissue Extracts."    Nature. 1959 Vol.184 pp 550-552

MURPHREE HB; et al.
"The Stimulant Effect of 2-Dimethylaminoethanol (Deanol) in Human
Volunteer Subjects."
Clinincal Pharmacology and Therapeutics. 1960 Vol.1 pp 303-310

OETTINGER L.
"The use of Deanol in the Treatment of Disorders of Behavior in Children."
The Journal of Pediatrics. 1958 Vol.3 pp 671-675

More<n,Y,=>           OSVALDO R.
"2-Dimethylaminoethanol (Deanol): A Brief Review of Its Clinical Efficacy
and Postulated Mechanism of Action."
Current Therapeutic Research. 1974 Vol.16 No.11 pp 1238-1242

PEARSON D; SHAW S.
_Life Extension: A Practical Scientific Approach._
New York: Warner Books 1982

PELTON R; PELTON TC.
_Mind Food and Smart Pills_  New York: Doubleday 1989

PFEIFFER CC.
"Parasympathetic Neurohumors. Possible precursors and Effect on Behavior."
International Review of Neurobiology. 1959 pp 195-244

PFIEFFER CC; et al.
"Stimulant Effect of 2-Dimethyl-1-aminoethanol: Possible Precursor of
Brain Acetylcholine."
Science. 1957 Vol.126 pp 610-611

ZUCKERMAN B; BARRETT K.
More<n,Y,=>           "Effects of PCA and DMAE on the Nematode Caenorhabditis Briggsae."
Experimental Aging Research. 1978, 4(2) pp 133-139


Appendix A: SOURCES 
[lists Source Naturals at (800)777-5677 as a supplier for DMAE.]
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