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- ********************************************************
- *
- Database of Network Terminology *
- Part 10 *
- *
- *
- Another Modernz Presentation *
- *
- by *
- Digital-demon *
- *
- (C)opyright March 13, 1992 *
- *
- ********************************************************
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- ******************************************************************************
The Modernz can be contacted at:
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M-bit
=====
More data bit. X.25 packet level.
MAC
===
Memory Access Controller. A board in an Engine; allocates, partitions,
and protects data in memory. Also the MAC maps virtual memory addresses
to absolute memory addresses.
MAC II
======
Memory Access Controller II. A memory operations board used in the
Engine and Mini-Engine. The MAC II provides addresses for all
memory-access operations, controls data transfer signals, and provides
the data for a write-or-read memory cycle. The MAC II is connected to
the ROM and I/O board.
MAC III
=======
Memory Access Controller III. The MAC III is a combination of the MAC,
MAC II, and the memory boards.
machine language
================
A language used directly by a computer.
Machine-Readable Detail (MRD)
=============================
A computer-generated invoice that has been manually modified.
macro
=====
A statement in code that is expanded into one or more identifiers or
statements and can consist also of one or more parameters. When
invoked, a macro causes a list of conditions to occur.
macro call
==========
A statement that invokes a macro.
magnetic disk
=============
A metal platter coated with a magnetically active substance to allow
information to be stored on it.
MAIL
====
The Dialcom Electronic mail service. A computer-based messaging
service that allows BT North America customers to create, read,
distribute, and file mail messages electronically.
MAIL.REF File
=============
A Dialcom file that contains distribution lists of alternate reference
names (nicknames) for mail and Telex recipients.
mailbox interrupt
=================
On the Turbo Engine logic boards (FS, GP, IOC-II x) the mailbox
interrupt is a means of interboard communication. This facility
notifies Turbo-SCP when an IPCF message is waiting to be processed.
mainframe
=========
A large, multiuser computer.
mark
====
The presence of a signal. In telegraphy, mark represents the closed
condition or current flowing. Equivalent to a binary 1 condition.
See also parity. Contrast with space.
mask
====
Specifies bit fields for consideration during a search.
master
======
Any system, terminal, board, or program that has a slave system to
carry out its functions. Also, a functional module that initiates Data
Transfer Bus (DTB) cycles to transfer data between itself and a slave
module. This method of transfer is used on the Turbo Engine VMEbus.
Contrast with slave.
Master User Directory (MUD)
===========================
The access control database stored on the disk of each network
Supervisor. One controlling feature for a user gaining access to the
TYMNET network.
match string
============
A string of characters that causes the automatic login process to pause
and wait for a prompt from the network host and/or application
confirming acceptance. For example, Menu Service allows a user to speci
y this string. The Menu Server is the means by which this process
is performed.
MB
==
Megabyte: 1,048,576 bytes.
Mb
==
Megabit.
MB line
=======
Measured Business line.
Mbps
====
Megabits per second.
MCP
===
Mutual Conversion Program. A program that translates one character set
to another. Specifically, a BT North America product that translates
the standard set of Katakana characters. Also, acronym for Master
Control Program.
MDR
===
Multiple Data Record. An analysis program used to develop guidelines
for data transmission between a TYMNET interface and a TYMNET network.
These guidelines establish the speed and capacity of the outgoing link
from an interface to the next node in the network. See TYMNET On-line
Planning System.
Mean Time Between Failures (MTBF)
=================================
The period of time during which users can reasonably expect a device to
operate without a failure.
Mean Time To Repair (MTTR)
==========================
The average time required to perform corrective maintenance excluding
the technician's travel time.
mega
====
In the metric system, a prefix meaning million (1,000,000). See byte.
megabyte (MB)
=============
1,048,576 bytes.
Memory Access Controller (MAC)
==============================
A board in an Engine that allocates, partitions, and protects data in
memory. Also, the MAC maps virtual memory addresses to absolute memory
addresses.
Memory Access Controller-II (MAC II) board
==========================================
A memory operations board used in the Engine and Mini-Engine. The
MAC II provides addresses for all memory-access operations, controls
data transfer signals, and provides the data for a write-or-read memory
cycle. The MAC II is connected to the ROM and I/O board.
Memory Access Controller-III (MAC III) board
============================================
The MAC III is a combination of the MAC, MAC II, and the memory boards.
Memory Management Unit (MMU)
============================
A basic element of a Motorola MC68000 family micro-processor chip.
The MMU provides address translation and protection for the 16-MB
addressing range of the MC68010 used on the IOC-II x boards.
memory map
==========
A list of addresses that define the boundaries of the object code that
occupies Engine memory.
Memory Shuffler (MS)
====================
Actual memory transfer process performed by the OCL or the SIO boards.
Menu Server
===========
The means by which the Menu Service is accomplished. See also Network
Services Manager.
Menu Service
============
A BT North America automated network and host login service with menus,
submenus, and help screens, which provides quick and direct access to
the host destination. This service eliminates the necessity to
manually log into the target host through a gateway and a host
interface.
MERLIN
======
Merge and Link ISIS Nodes. A network utility program that binds a
combination of Node Code, the ISIS Kernel, and one or more slot codes
into a binary image file to be loaded into an Engine.
Message Object (MO)
===================
An X.409 element within a LOG-II message. Each MO is unique; it has the
same meaning in any LOG-II message.
message switching
=================
A method of handling messages over communications networks. The entire
message is transmitted to an intermediate point (a switching computer)
, stored for a period of time, and then transmitted. Two examples are
Telex and fax. Also called datagram.
micro
=====
In the metric system, a prefix meaning one millionth (1/1,000,000).
Micro-Engine
============
Low-end version of the Engine family. A fully integrated system,
packaged in a desktop enclosure consisting of three boards (processor
board, memory board, and I/O board).
Microchannel
============
An IBM personal computer platform.
microcode
=========
A list of program steps stored in ROM that controls the operation of a
computer.
Microcom Network protocol (MNP)
===============================
A part of CCITT Recommendation V.42, which provides standardized
error-checking protocol for dial-up modems. The BT North America
2400 bps service uses MNP.
microcomputer
=============
The smallest type of computer, consisting of a micro-processor and
associated storage and I/O elements.
microprocessor
==============
One or more ICs that contain the CPU (the basic arithmetic logic and
storage elements) required for processing.
milli
=====
In the metric system, a prefix meaning one thousandth (1/1,000).
Mini-Engine
===========
Hardware similar to the Engine, but mounted in a smaller cabinet, with
an 8-slot chassis. Supports applications requiring a moderate number of
connections. Provides synchronous and asynchronous interface
communications between dissimilar devices.
Mini-Engine XL
==============
The Mini-Engine XL uses the new CPU III and MAC III boards, and 5-slot
Direct Memory Access (DMA) backplane, enabling it to perform two to
three times faster than the standard Mini-Engine, depending on
application. The XL is housed in the same size cabinet as the
Mini-Engine.
minicomputer
============
A relatively fast but small and inexpensive computer with somewhat
limited I/O capabilities.
Missing
=======
State of host or link.
MLI
===
Multileaving Interface.
MMU
===
Memory Management unit. A basic element of a Motorola MC6800 family
microprocessor chip. The MMU provides address translation and
protection for the 16-MB addressing range of the MC68010 used on the
IOC-II x boards.
MNC
===
Multi-Node Code. Two or more Node Code slots running in a Turbo Engine
system chassis. See Node Code.
MNP
===
Microcom Network Protocol. A part of CCITT Recommendation V.42, which
provides standardized error-checking protocol for dial-up modems. The
BT North America 2400 bps service uses MNP.
MO
==
Message Object. An X.409 element within a LOG-II message. Each MO is
unique; it has the same meaning in any LOG-II message.
MOD
===
Modulo. Mathematical function that yields the remainder of a division
operation, for example, 3 mod 2 = 1. Also, in X.25, throughput window
size.
modem
=====
Modulator/Demodulator. An electronic device that allows computers to
communicate over standard analog telephone lines. It converts analog
signals to digital signals and vice versa and connects data terminal
equipment to a communications line.
modular
=======
A program or unit of hardware that is discrete and identifiable and
designed for use with other programs or hardware components.
modulation
==========
Alteration in the characteristic of a carrier signal by impressing an
information signal on the carrier.
modulo (MOD)
============
Mathematical function that yields the remainder of a division operation
for example, 3 mod 2 = 1. Also, in X.25, throughput window size.
MOS
===
Metal Oxide Semiconductor. Also, Multiple Operating System.
Mother board
============
Serial Input/Output (SIO) Controller board. A board in the Engine,
Mini-Engine, and Compact XL that controls highspeed synchronous and
asynchronous communication lines. It is a Direct Memory Access (DMA)
interface. This board can access the first 1024 KB of memory and can
issue interrupts. In the old-style connection, the SIO Controller
board was connected up to 8 SIO interface boards over a ribbon bus
cable with 8 connector-ends. In the new style, the SIO Controller board
is connected to up to 8 SIO interface boards through the backplane of a
PSM bucket.
MP
==
Multiple Extended Processor. A system that moves the Dispatcher
capabilities from the Engine ISIS Kernel to the Extended Processor
Interface (XPI) board, a Direct Memory Access (DMA) device.
MPVC
====
Multiplexed Permanent Virtual Circuit. A virtual circuit that permits a
group of users and multiple sessions access to a circuit.
MRD
===
Machine-Readable Detail. A computer-generated invoice that has been
manually modified.
MS
==
Memory Shuffler. Actual memory transfer process performed by the OCL or
the SIO boards.
ms
==
Millisecond.
MSI
===
Medium Scale Integration.
MTBF
====
Mean Time Between Failures. The period of time during which users can
reasonably expect a device to operate without a failure.
MTTR
====
Mean Time To Repair. The average time required to perform corrective
maintenance, excluding the technician's travel time.
MUD
===
Master User Directory. The access control database stored on the disk
of each network Supervisor. One controlling feature for a user gaining
access to the TYMNET network.
Multi-Node Code (MNC)
=====================
Two or more Node Code slots running in a Turbo Engine system chassis.
See Node Code.
multidrop
=========
A configuration in which one front-end processor (FEP) communicates to
several cluster controllers over a connection to one of the cluster
controllers. The cluster controller configuration is similar to a daisy
chain. Also called multipoint.
Multifunction board
===================
A PCB used in the Engine and Mini-Engine. It is not connected to any
other board by cables. Its functions include a temperature sensor, ac
voltage sensor, a power fail detector, and terminal interface. This
board also contains the Watchdog timer for the system.
Multiple Data Record (MDR)
==========================
An analysis program used to develop guidelines for data transmission
between a TYMNET interface and a TYMNET network. These guidelines
establish the speed and capacity of the outgoing link from an interface
to the next node in the network. See TYMNET On-line Planning System.
Multiple Extended Processor (MP)
================================
A system that moves the Dispatcher capabilities from the Engine ISIS
Kernel to the Extended Processor Interface (XPI) board, a Direct Memory
Access (DMA) device.
multiplex
=========
To subdivide a transmission channel into two or more separate channels
of slower speeds. A means of interleaving or concurrently transmitting
more than one message on a single channel.
multiplexed packet switching
============================
A network in which each node assembles/disassembles a packet containing
data from different users. Data within the packet can have a different
source and destination than other data in the packet. The one
commonality is that the virtual circuits (logical pathways from source
to destination) all include the same internode link. TYMNET is a
multiplexed packet-switching network.
Multiplexed Permanent Virtual Circuit (MPVC)
============================================
A virtual circuit that permits a group of users and multiple sessions
access to a circuit.
multipoint
==========
A configuration in which one front-end processor (FEP) communicates to
several cluster controllers over a connection to one of the cluster
controllers. The cluster controller configuration is similiar to a
daisy chain. Also called multidrop.
multitargeting
==============
A list of destination targets (requested by users simultaneously) from
which the Supervisor selects one to complete the circuit request.
Mutual Conversion Program (MCP)
===============================
A program that translates one character set to another. Specifically,
a BT North America product that translates the standard set of Katakana
characters.
MUX
===
Circuit Multiplexer. An ISIS slot program that allows users to build
and maintain multiple circuits to other tools and applications on their
hosts. A MUX also allows its users to communicate with other users with
a Talk mode facility. The MUX is accessed over a Boss circuit as a host
in an ISIS slot.
MVC
===
Master Virtual Circuit.
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Disclaimer
~~~~~~~~~~
This publication is for informational purposes ONLY.
In no way are the above authors, or organizations, liable for the
use or misuse of the information contained herein. The Underground Agent
Society Inc., The Agents Underground Notebooks, UASI, UASI Magazine, The
Global Intelligence Center, and The Global Intelligence Underground are all
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