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y(high-point)h(bleed)g(v)n(alv)o(e)g(open-indicator)h(went)e(to)f Ff(of)o(f)o(,)h Fi(closed-indicator)j(did)d(not)f(switch)h(to)-330 1724 y Ff(on)p Fi(.)j(Indicator)e(problem?)j(program)c(error?)k(\(S)17 b(18)g(3:A14\))-390 1803 y(h)g(Disco)o(v)o(ery)h(SRB)g(reco)o(v)o(ered) h(with)f(missing)f(pair)h(of)f(pliers)h(\(S)f(18)g(3:A14\))-390 1882 y(fm)f(Channel)j(block)o(ed,)g(Disco)o(v)o(ery)g(e)o(xhausts)f (storage)h(for)e(ozone)h(data)g(\(S)f(18)g(3:A14\))-390 1961 y(H)g(Experimental)i(Space)f(Shuttle)h(e-mail)f(address)g(di)n (vulged,)h(bombarded)g(\(S)d(16)h(4\))-390 2040 y(m)f(W)-5 b(oodpeck)o(ers)19 b(delay)g(shuttle)f(launch)h(\(S)e(20)g(5:8\))-390 2119 y(*m)f(Docking)j(problem)f(aboard)g(So)o(viet)g(space)h(station)f (Mir)g(\(S)e(15)h(5\))-390 2197 y(m)f(Mir)i(Space)g(Station)h(computer) f(problems)g(add)f(to)h(dif)n(\002culties;)i(main)e(computer)g(f)o (ailed)-330 2276 y(during)g(docking)h(attempt,)f(19)f(Aug)g(1997)h(\(R) f(19)g(31,32\),)f(with)i(detailed)i(analysis)e(by)-330 2355 y(Dennis)g(Ne)n(wkirk)g(\(R)f(19)g(33\))-390 2434 y(m)f(Mir)i(computer)g(f)o(ailure)h(af)n(fects)g(steering;)h (replacement)g(computer)e(f)o(ails)g(to)g(load)g(\(end)f(of)-330 2513 y(May)g(1998,)g(just)h(before)g(Disco)o(v)o(ery)h(launch\))g(\(R)e (19)g(78\))-390 2592 y(*$d)g(GA)l(O)g(reports)h(on)f(N)n(ASA)f(Space)i (Station:)24 b(increased)19 b(safety)f(risks,)f(costs)g(\(S)g(17)g(4\)) -390 2671 y(*)g(Risks)g(of)g(junk)h(in)f(space)h(much)f(greater)i(than) f(pre)n(viously)i(thought)e(\(S)f(17)g(4\))-390 2750 y(*f$)g(Potential)j(softw)o(are)f(nightmare)f(for)g(International)i (Space)f(Station,)f(with)g(considerable)-330 2828 y(discussion)g(\(R)f (19)g(49-51\))-390 2907 y(.....)i Fh(Satellites,)f(Pr)o(obes,)f (Others:)-390 2986 y Fi($f)g(Hubble)h(Space)g(T)-5 b(elescope)19 b(problems,)f(soaring)g(costs,)f(missed)g(deadlines,)i(reduced)g (goals,)-330 3065 y(etc.)j(\(S)16 b(15)h(2\);)h(sensors)f(misdirected)i (because)g(of)e(wrong)g(sign)h(on)f(precession)i(in)e(star)g(data;)-330 3144 y(antenna)i(#)e(2)g(limited)i(by)e(misplaced)i(cable,)f(#1)f (limited)i(because)g(softw)o(are)f(had)g(only)f(one)-330 3223 y(limit)h(stop,)f(same)g(for)g(both)h(\(S)f(15)g(3\))f(No)h (system)g(test.)22 b(1mm)16 b(error)i(in)f(monitor)h(program)f(of)-330 3302 y(mirror)g(polisher)i(\(S)e(15)g(5\))f(See)i(M.M.)e(W)-5 b(aldrop,)17 b(Science)i(249,)e(17Aug1990,)h(pp.735-736.)-390 3381 y(Vf/m)f(Hubble)h(Space)g(T)-5 b(elescope)19 b(antenna)h(swing)d (causes)h(shutdo)n(wn)g(\(S)f(17)g(1\))-390 3459 y(fh)g(More)g(Hubble)i (SW)n(:)d(misloaded)i(ephemeris)h(table,)f(bad)g(macro)f(\(S)g(18)g (1:24\))-390 3538 y($fhV)g($150M)h(Intelsat)h(6)e(comm)f(satellite)k(f) o(ailed;)g(booster)e(wiring)g(error)m(,)g(payload)h(in)e(wrong)-330 3617 y(bay;)h(miscommun.)j(between)e(electricians)i(and)c(programmers)h (\(S)e(15)h(3\))-390 3696 y($mV)f(Canadian)k(T)-5 b(eleSat)19 b(Aniks)e(die:)22 b(solar)c(coronal)h(hole)f(electron)h(\003ux)e(\(S)g (19)g(2:3\))g(Anik)-330 3775 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b(1)e(data)h(lost)g(o)o(v)o(er)f(week)o(end)i(\(S)e(15)g (5\))-390 4564 y(f)g(V)-9 b(o)o(yager)19 b(2)e(softw)o(are)h(f)o(aults) h(at)e(launch,)i(20)e(Aug)g(1977)g(\(S)g(14)g(6\))-390 4642 y(V$)g(T)n(itan)g(34D,)g(Nik)o(e)h(Orion,)f(Delta-178)i(f)o (ailures)g(follo)n(w)g(Challenger)h(\(S)c(11)h(3\))-390 4721 y(V$*)f(T)n(itan)h(4)f(rock)o(et)i(test-stand)h(SRB)d(e)o (xplosion;)j(simulation)g(missed)d(f)o(ailure)j(mode)d(\(S)g(16)h(4\)) -390 4800 y(V\(m/f?\))22 b(Final)c(T)n(itan)f(4A)g(launch)i(e)o (xplodes)f(with)g(V)-9 b(orte)o(x)18 b(satellite;)j(total)e(cost)e(o)o (v)o(er)h($1B,)-330 4879 y(Aug)f(1998)g(\(S)g(24)g(1:32,)g(R)g(19)g (91\))-390 4958 y(mV)f(T)n(itan)i(4B)f(lea)o(v)o(es)h(missile)g(w)o (arning)g(satellite)j(in)c(useless)h(orbit)g(\(R)f(20)g(36\))-390 5037 y(Vm/f?)k(T)n(itan)d(4B)f(with)h(Milstar)g(communications)i (satellite)g(separates)f(four)e(hours)g(early)l(,)-330 5116 y(resulting)i(in)e(a)g(useless)h(lo)n(w)g(orbit,)f(30)g(Apr)g 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y(Vm$)f(Pri)n(v)n(ate)k(imaging)e(satellite)i(Ik) o(onos)e(1)f(disappears)i(8)e(minutes)h(after)g(launch)h(\(S)d(24)h (4:26,)2010 147 y(R)g(20)g(36\);)h(loss)e(blamed)j(on)e(an)g (electrical)k(problem)d(that)g(pre)n(v)o(ented)i(the)e(aerodynamic)2010 226 y(payload)h(co)o(v)o(er)f(from)f(coming)h(of)n(f.)j(Subsequent)d (Ik)o(onos)g(launched)i(successfully)f(\(R)e(20)2010 305 y(60\):)1950 383 y(f)g(T)-5 b(erra)17 b(spacecraft)j(na)o(vigation) g(softw)o(are)e(problems)g(\(S)f(25)g(3:18,)g(R)g(20)g(78\))1950 462 y(V$\(m?f?\))22 b(T)-5 b(w)o(o)16 b(satellite)k(f)o(ailures)f(\(R)e (21)h(19,)e(S)h(26)g(2:\))1950 541 y(Vm/f?)k(Russian)d(rock)o(et)h(blo) n(ws)f(12)f(Globalstar)i(satellites)h(\(S)d(24)g(1:32,)g(R)g(19)g(95\)) 1950 620 y(V$\(f?m?\))22 b(Computer)c(blamed)g(for)f(Russian)h(rock)o (et)h(crash)f(\(R)f(21)g(18,)f(S)h(26)g(2:\))1950 699 y(h)g(Boeing)h(space)g(station)h(tanks)f(accidentally)j(tak)o(en)e(to)f (Huntsville)h(dump)e(\(R)g(20)g(83\))1950 778 y(Vh)g(Space)h(Station)h (endangered)h(by)d(N)n(ASA)f(\003ight)h(controllers')j(blunder)f(in)e (maneuv)o(ering)2010 857 y(around)h(space)g(junk;)g(predicted)i (distance)f(also)f(w)o(ay)g(of)n(f)f(\(R)g(20)g(46-47\))1950 936 y(SH)f(Space)j(Station)g(Problem)e(Reporting)i(Database)h(hack)o (ed)f(\(R)e(20)g(47-48\))1950 1014 y($Vmf)g(Space)h(Station)h(risks)e (\(R)g(21)g(14,)f(S)h(26)g(2:\))1950 1093 y(V$ehf)h(Cana)o(v)o(eral)h (Rock)o(et)g(lost;)f(wrong)g(k)o(e)o(y)f(hit)h(in)f(loading)i(guidance) h(SW)c(\(S)h(16)g(4\))1950 1172 y(df)g(N)n(ASA)f(\002nds)h(problems)h (in)f(EOSDIS)f(Earth)h(Observing)i(System)e(\(EOS\))f(spacecraft)k (\003ight)2010 1251 y(operations)f(softw)o(are)g(de)n(v)o(elopment,)h (e)o(xpected)f(to)f(delay)g(launch)h(\(R)e(19)g(67\))1950 1330 y(m+)g(Apollo)h(11)f(lunar)h(module,)f(pen)h(used)f(to)h(replace)h (circuit)g(break)o(er)g(\(S)e(18)g(3:A14\))1950 1409 y(Vr*)g(Lightning)h(hits)g(Apollo)g(12.)j("Major)d(system)f(upsets,)g (minor)g(damage".)22 b(See)c(article)h(by)2010 1488 y(Uman)e(and)g (Krider)m(,)h(Science)h(27)f(Oct)f(1989,)g(pp.)k(457-464.)g(\(S)c(15)g (1\))1950 1566 y(V$m)f(Lightning)j(changed)g(Atlas-Centaur)h(program)e (\(51)f(sec\).)k($160M)d(lost)f(\(S)g(12)g(3,)f(15)h(1\))1950 1645 y(@V*$m)g(Lightning)h(hits)g(launch)h(pad,)e(launches)i(3)e (missiles)g(at)h(W)-5 b(allops)17 b(Island)h(\(S)f(12)g(3\))1950 1724 y(V$f)g(Mariner)h(1)f(V)-7 b(enus)17 b(probe:)22 b(HW)17 b(f)o(ault)h(plus)g(programmer)g(missed)f(superscript)i(bar)e (in)g(`R)2010 1803 y(dot)g(bar)h(sub)f(n'.)j(See)e(P)o(aul)f(Ceruzzi,)i (Be)o(yond)f(the)g(Limits)f(\226)g(Flight)h(Enters)g(the)g(Computer) 2010 1882 y(Age,)f(Smithsonian,)h(1989,)f(Appendix)i(\(S)d(14)h(5\).)k (\(Earlier)d(reports)g(had)g(suggested)h(DO)2010 1961 y(I=1.10)d(b)o(ug)g(\(see)h(ne)o(xt)g(item\))f(or)g(a)g(garbled)i (minus)d(sign)i(\(or)f(hyphen.\))21 b(\(S)15 b(8)h(5,)g(11)g(5,)f(S)h (13)g(1\))1950 2040 y($f)h(Project)i(Mercury)f(had)f(a)h(FOR)l(TRAN)e 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2750 y(V*f)g(TDRS)f(relay)j(satellite)h (lock)o(ed)f(on)e(wrong)g(tar)o(get)i(\(S)d(10)h(3\))1950 2828 y(Vm)f(A)-7 b(T&T)15 b(T)-5 b(elstar)19 b(401)e(satellite)j(f)o (ailure)f(\(S)e(22)g(4:26,)g(R)g(18)g(76\))1950 2907 y(Vm)f(Ariane)j(5)d(test)i(problems:)k(motor)c(f)o(ailures,)g(nitrogen) h(leak)g(\(S)d(20)h(5:9,)g(R)g(18)g(27,28\))1950 2986 y(V$f)g(Ne)n(w)g(Ariane)i(5)d(f)o(ailure)k(\(S)c(21)h(5:15\);)i(More)e (on)g(Ariane)h(5:)k(con)m(v)o(ersion)d(from)e(64-bit)2010 3065 y(\003oating)i(to)e(16-bit)h(signed)g(caused)g(Operand)h(Error)d (\(R)i(18)f(27-29,45,47\);)h(Note:)k(Matra)2010 3144 y(made)17 b(softw)o(are)i(for)e(Ariane5)i(and)e(T)-5 b(aipei)18 b(subw)o(ay)g(system)f(\(S)g(21)g(5:15\);)h(Incidentally)l (,)2010 3223 y(Robert)g(L.)e(Baber)m(,)i(Uni)n(v)l(.)j(W)m(itw)o (atersrand,)f(Johannesb)o(ur)o(g,)e(suggests)g(you)f(bro)n(wse)2010 3302 y(http://www)l(.cs.wits.ac.za/)k(bob/ariane5.htm)f(\226)d(sho)n (wing)h(ho)n(w)f(a)g(simple)h(correctness)2010 3381 y(proof)f(could)i 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y(defenses;)i(clock)f(drifted)h(.36)e(sec.)k(in)c(4-day)h (continuous)h(sie)o(ge,)e(due)h(to)f(SW)f(\003a)o(w)l(,)-330 2692 y(pre)n(v)o(enting)k(real-time)f(tracking.)k(Spec)18 b(called)h(for)e(aircraft)j(speeds,)d(not)g(mach)h(6,)e(only)-330 2771 y(14-hour)h(continuous)i(performance,)f(not)f(100.)k(P)o(atched)d (SW)e(arri)n(v)o(ed)i(via)g(air)f(1)f(day)h(later)h(\(S)-330 2850 y(16)f(3;)g(A)-6 b(WST)16 b(10Jun91)i(p.25-26\);)g(Shutdo)n(wn)g (and)g(reboot)g(might)f(ha)o(v)o(e)h(a)o(v)o(erted)h(Scud)-330 2929 y(disaster)g(\(S)d(16)h(4\))g(P)o(atriot)i(missiles)f(misled)f(by) g(`accidental')k(deco)o(ys;)e(T)-5 b(.A.)16 b(Postol)h(report)-330 3008 y(\(S)g(17)f(2\);)i(summary)e(of)h(clock)i(drift,)e(etc.)22 b(GA)l(O/IMTEC-92-26,)17 b(February)h(1992)g(\(S)e(17)h(2\);)-330 3087 y(reprisals)h(against)g(Postol)g(for)e(his)h(whistleblo)n(wing)j (\(R)d(13)f(32,)h(S)f(17)g(2\);)i(Army)e(do)n(wngrades)-330 3165 y(success)i(to)f(about)h(10\045)g(rather)g(than)g(80\045)f(\(R)g 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i(Thule)f(detected)j(rising)e(moon)f(as)g(incoming)i(missiles)e ([5Oct1960])i(\(S)e(8)f(3\).)2010 226 y(See)i(E.C.)d(Berk)o(ele)o(y)l (,)k(The)e(Computer)h(Re)n(v)o(olution,)i(pp.)g(175-177,)e(1962.)1950 305 y(**)f(SA)m(C/NORAD:)h(50)f(f)o(alse)i(alerts)f(in)f(1979)h(\(S)e (5)h(3\),)g(incl.)22 b(a)17 b(simulated)i(attack)g(whose)2010 383 y(outputs)f(accidentally)k(triggered)d(a)e(li)n(v)o(e)i(scramble)f ([9No)o(v1979])g(\(S)f(5)g(3\))1950 462 y(***)g(Serious)h(f)o(alse)g (2200-missile-alert)j(incident)f(3)d(Jun)g(1980)g(described)i(by)e (Stans\002eld)2010 541 y(T)m(urner)m(,)g(mentioning)i(thousands)g(of)e (other)h(f)o(alse)g(alarms)g(\(S)e(23)h(1:12,)h(R)f(19)g(43\))1950 620 y(*fmh)g(Russian)h(early-w)o(arning)i(system)d(close)h(to)g (retaliatory)i(strik)o(e:)j(Norwe)o(gian)c(weather)2010 699 y(rock)o(et)g(mistak)o(en)g(for)e(American)h(T)n(rident)g(\(R)f(19) g(85\))1950 778 y(m)f(Report)j(from)d(K)n(ommersant)i(Vlast)g(on)f (Serb)o(uk)o(o)o(v-15)h(base)g(f)o(alse)g(detection)i(of)d(ICBMs)h(en) 2010 857 y(route)g(to)f(Mosco)n(w)h(on)f(25)g(Sep)g(1983;)h(human)g (interv)o(ention)i(stopped)e(retaliation;)k(system)2010 936 y(alle)o(gedly)e(misbeha)o(v)o(ed)f(due)e(to)g(radiation)j(\(R)d (19)g(97\))1950 1014 y(*$VfM)g(Libyan)h(bomb)f(raid)h(accidental)j (damage)d(by)f("smart)g(bomb")g(\(S)g(11)g(3\))g(F-111)2010 1093 y(do)n(wned)h(by)f(defense-jamming)j(electromagnetic)i (interference)f(\(S)16 b(14)h(2\))g(More)h(on)f(U.S.)2010 1172 y(radio)h(self-interference)k(in)17 b(1986)h(Libyan)f(attack)j (\(S)c(15)h(3\))1950 1251 y(*)g(Iraq)g(using)h(British)g(Stone\002sh)g (smart)f(mines,)g(with)h("sensiti)n(v)o(e")i(SW)c(\(S)g(15)h(5\))1950 1330 y(*SP)g(Britain)i(b)o(ugged)f(radio)g(equipment)h(sold)e(to)g (Iraq)h(\(S)e(16)h(4\))1950 1409 y(*SP)g(T)n(rojan)g(horse)g(implants)i (in)e(DoD)g(weapons)h(\(S)f(16)g(4\))1950 1488 y(*SP)g(T)n(rojan)g (horse)g(inserted)i(in)f(locally)h(netted)g(printer)g(sold)e(to)g (Iraq?)22 b(\(S)17 b(17)g(2\))1950 1566 y(*Vm)f(Arabian)j(heat)f (causing)h(problems)f(with)f(US)g(weapons)h(computers)g(\(S)f(15)g(5\)) 1950 1645 y(*V$m)g(Lightning)h(hits)g(launch)h(pad,)e(launches)i(3)d (missiles)i(at)g(W)-5 b(allops)17 b(Island)h(\(S)f(12)g(3\))1950 1724 y(*)g(Frigate)h(Geor)o(ge)g(Philip)g(\002red)g(missile)g(in)f (opposite)i(direction)g(\(S)e(8)g(5\))1950 1803 y(*h?)k(Unarmed)d(So)o (viet)h(missile)e(crashed)i(in)e(Finland.)22 b(Wrong)17 b(\003ight)h(path?)23 b(\(S)16 b(10)h(2\))1950 1882 y(*Vf)g(1st)g(T)-5 b(omaha)o(wk)17 b(cruise)h(missile)g(f)o(ailure:)24 b(program)17 b(erased)i([8Dec1986])g(\(S)d(11)h(2\))1950 1961 y(*Vm)f(2nd)i(T)-5 b(omaha)o(wk)17 b(f)o(ailure;)j(bit)d(dropped)i(by)e(HW)f(triggered)j (abort)f(\(S)f(11)g(5,)f(12)h(1\))1950 2040 y(f/m?)k(CALCM)c(cruise)h (missile)g(softw)o(are)h(b)o(ugs)d(re)n(visited)k(\(S)d(22)g(2:22\)) 1950 2119 y(hi)g(Accidental)k(launch)d(of)f(li)n(v)o(e)i(Canadian)g(Na) o(vy)e(missile:)23 b(color)o(-code)c(mixup)e(\(S)g(22)g(1:18\))1950 2197 y(*$rf)g(Program,)g(model)h(\003a)o(ws)f(implicated)j(in)d(T)n (rident)h(2)f(f)o(ailures)i(\(S)d(14)h(6\))1950 2276 y(*VrmM)g(RF)f(interference)21 b(caused)d(Black)h(Ha)o(wk)e(helicopter) j(hydraulic)g(f)o(ailure)f(\(S)e(13)g(1\);)2010 2355 y(More)g(on)g(Black)i(Ha)o(wk)e(EMP)f(problems)i(and)g(claimed)h(backw) o(ards)g(pin)e(\(R)g(17)g(39,42\))1950 2434 y(*VSM)g(RF)g(interference) j(forces)e(RAF)f(to)g(abandon)i(ILS)d(in)h(poor)h(weather)h(\(R)e(21)g (17\))1950 2513 y(*f)g(Sgt)g(Y)-7 b(ork)17 b(\(DIV)-9 b(AD\))17 b(radar/anti-aircraft)23 b(gun)17 b(\226)g(softw)o(are)h (problems)g(\(S)f(11)g(5\))1950 2592 y($f)g(Softw)o(are)i(\003a)o(w)e (in)g(submarine-launched)k(ballistic)f(missile)e(system)f(\(S)g(10)g (5\))1950 2671 y(V$f)g(AEGIS)f(f)o(ailures)j(on)e(6)g(of)g(17)g(tar)o (gets)h(attrib)o(uted)i(to)e(softw)o(are)g(\(S)f(11)g(5\))1950 2750 y(Vf)g(WWMCCS)f(computers')j(comm)d(reboot)j(f)o(ailed)g(by)e (block)o(ed)i(multiple)g(logins)f(\(S)f(11)g(5\))1950 2828 y($)g(WWMCCS)f(modernization)21 b(dif)n(\002culties)f(\(S)c(15)h (1\))1950 2907 y(*$f)g(Gulf)g(W)-5 b(ar)17 b(DSN)g(20-30\045)g(call)i (completion)g(persists)f(3)f(mos.)j(until)e(SW)f(patch)h(\(S)f(17)g (4\))1950 2986 y($f)g(Armored)g(Combat)h(Earthmo)o(v)o(er)g(18,000)g (hr)f(tests)g(missed)g(serious)h(problems)g(\(S)f(11)g(5\))1950 3065 y($r\002)g(Stinger)h(missile)g(too)g(hea)o(vy)g(to)f(carry)l(,)g (noxious)h(to)f(user)h(\(S)e(11)h(5\))1950 3144 y(**V$$Sr)g(Strate)o (gic)j(Defense)e(Initiati)n(v)o(e)j(\226)c(debate)i(o)o(v)o(er)f (feasibility)i(\(S)c(10)h(5\);)h(Pentagon)h(says)2010 3223 y(SDI)e(comple)o(xity)i(comparable)h(to)d(nuclear)i(reactors)g (\(Ne)n(wsweek,)f(S)e(17)h(3\))g(See)h Ff(W)-6 b(ay)17 b(Out)2010 3302 y(Ther)n(e)g(in)g(the)h(Blue:)k(Rea)o(gan,)17 b(Star)g(W)-6 b(ar)o(s,)17 b(and)g(the)h(End)f(of)g(the)h(Cold)f(W)-6 b(ar)f(,)17 b Fi(Frances)2010 3381 y(FitzGerald,)i(Simon)e(&)g (Schuster)m(,)h(2000)f(for)g(a)h(\002ne)f(retrospecti)n(v)o(e)k (analysis.)1950 3459 y($d)c(SDI)g(costs,)g(b)o(udget)h(issues,)f(risks) g(discussed)h(\(S)e(17)i(4\))1950 3538 y($)f(StarW)-5 b(ars)17 b(satellite)j(2nd)e(stage)g(photo)g(missed)f(\226)g(unremo)o (v)o(ed)h(lens)g(cap)f(\(S)g(14)g(2\))1950 3617 y(f)g(StarW)-5 b(ars)17 b(FireFly)h(laser)o(-radar)i(accelerometer)h(wired)c(backw)o (ards)i(\(S)e(19)g(2:2\))1950 3696 y($*)g(1.7M)g(resistors)h(recalled.) 23 b(Used)17 b(in)g(F-15,)g(P)o(atriot,)h(radar)m(,)g(comm)f(aircr)l(.) 22 b(\(S)17 b(16)g(3\))1950 3775 y($hd)g(DoD)g(criticized)k(for)c (softw)o(are)h(de)n(v)o(elopment)i(problems)e(\(S)f(13)g(1\))1950 3854 y(*)g(US)f(Na)o(vy)h(radar)h(jammers)g(certi\002ed)h(despite)g (softw)o(are)f(errors,)g(f)o(ailed)h(tests)e(\(S)g(17)g(3\))1950 3933 y($)g(USAF)f(softw)o(are)j(contractors)g(score)f(poorly)g(on)f (selections)j(\(S)c(14)h(1\))1950 4011 y($d)g(AD)m(A)-7 b(TS)16 b(tank-based)j(anti-copter)i(missile)c(system)h(de)n(v)o 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