There are two parts of your code. Code that can be unit tested and code that can't be unit tested.
Code that can't be unit tested is simple. Any code that has to touch IO (Input/Output) can't be unit tested. Period. Any code that doesn't touch IO can be unit tested. It's that simple.
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Keep ALL IO segregated from the rest of your code. Keep IO functions and methods super small. Do not inject IO polluted objects into other parts of your code.
“Nothing should ever be mocked. Period. If you don't agree you likely don't under... | Hacker News [1]”
In hindsight, this is obvious. The issue I have with unit testing projects like “Project: Lumbergh [2],” “Project: Sippy-Cup [3]” or “Project: Cleese [4]” is that they're nearly all IO with very little logic (with the caveat that “Project: Lumbergh” implements all the business logic interspaced with IO).
With that said, even though the author also stated not to mock at all, I do. We have a few network services that “Project: Lumbergh” relies upon, and I have written my own versions of those services that basically respond with a canned answer for a particular query. It was easy since the services speak a common protocol (DNS (Domain Name System) in this case) and I don't have to implement the logic of those services to determine the answer.
I also decided to implement a new regression test and keep the one I have working [5] as a separate test. This way, it'll be easier to implement tests like “data source B replies, data source A times out.” I'm also keeping each test in its own file, so adding new ones should be way easier and hopefully, we won't end up with another 16,000 tests [6].
[1] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=27733397
Re: To unit test or not to unit test, that is the question [ 2021-07-08 ]