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View submission: Ask Anything Wednesday - Biology, Chemistry, Neuroscience, Medicine, Psychology
Type I diabetes is a tricky auto-immune disease in that regard. We know of a few hereditary factors that increase chance of developing the disease, as well as ones decreasing likelihood. These are a couple of variants on the HLA-genes which code for MHC-proteins. These are proteins that present antigens to immune cells. A high expression of faulty MHCs on beta-cells specifically could cause the immune system to react to them and misinterpret them as foreign or faulty cells.
However, as far as I know, there is no certain mechanism we know of, yet. Here is a review article, summarizing most of our knowledge:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6661119/
There's nothing here!