Support for the ATmega4809[1] is absolutely woeful anywhere outside Microchip's own Microchip Studio[2] toolchain. Debuggers don't support it, simulators won't simulate it, basically all the tooling you might expect to work if you've programmed any of the more common AVR chips will be busted.
This is a *real* shame. The '4809 is a really nice chip, capable, lots of flash storage, and in a nice form factor for hobbyists - especially when packaged up as the Arduino Nano Every[3]. It feels like Microchip really don't want anyone to develop for it, though...
One of the biggest problems is finding any working toolchain for debugging. I'm on holiday at the moment, so I'm just going to cut to the chase - I've found this set of tools to work, maybe you will too.
Long story short: Bloom[4]! Bloom is a relatively new open-source project from Nav[5] - and, it actually works with the '4809!: {{< figure src="img/bloom.png" caption="The Bloom insight window during an ATmega4809 debug session" captionPosition="right">}}
Bloom exposes a GDB remote target, so once it is up and running with your hardware in-circuit emulator/debugging host, you can connect GDB up as with any other remote host: {{< figure src="img/gdb-view.png" caption="A GDB debug session (in CLion) connected to Bloom" captionPosition="right">}}
The hardware which I am using, and which works well with Bloom, is Microchip's own Atmel-ICE[6], a relatively inexpensive piece of kit that you can use to hook up to any ATmega device with a JTAG, debugWire, or UPDI[7] interface. Critically, that includes our ATmega4809's UPDI interface.
You should be able to hook the Atmel-ICE up to any hardware board that exposes the UPDI pin of the '4809. Unfortunately, that does not include the Arduino Nano Every (because why would life be that simple?) Actually, in theory you can get to it via the pogo pads on the bottom of the board, but I've not actually tried that yet... Rather, I'm using the Microchip ATmega4809 Xplained Pro[8] evaluation board, which helpfully exposes the UPDI port on a header that will plug straight into your Atmel-ICE.
Of course, you will need to be able to program your chip. The Atmel-ICE can also be used to do this, although you'll need the avrdude[9] tool to do so. Fortunately, avrdude[10] is one of those rare tools that can understand the '4809 and also its UPDI programming interface - you just need to ensure you specify the part (`-p`) and programming interface (`-c`) on the commandline:
avrdude -patmega4809 -catmelice_updi
Obviously, you will want to use `avr-gdb` as the client for your application. The `avr-gdb` that is shipped with the Atmel toolchain is hopelessly out of date, however - being version 7.8 - and doesn't work with Bloom. Look for a more recent build of `avr-gdb` in your operating system's package manager.
The version of `avr-gdb` installed using [Homebrew] is 10.1, and on the face of it looks like it should work. And if you install it today, in fact it does work perfectly!
However, at one point the build in Homebrew was broken, the symptoms of which would be an error when you started debugging:
I’m sorry, Dave, I can’t do that. Symbol format `elf32-avr’ unknown.
If you get this error, re-install avr-gdb using:
brew reinstall avr-gdb
Note that when the Homebrew maintainers fixed the formula, *they did not update the version number*, so a simple `brew upgrade` will not fix the problem if you have the broken version of the formula installed.
Thanks to Nebel[11] of Arduino Craft Corner[12] for explaining and fixing this issue.
3: https://docs.arduino.cc/hardware/nano-every
5: https://github.com/navnavnav
6: https://www.microchip.com/en-us/development-tool/atatmel-ice
8: https://ro.mouser.com/new/microchip/microchip-atmega4809-xpro/
9: https://www.nongnu.org/avrdude/
10: https://www.nongnu.org/avrdude/
11: https://hinterm-ziel.de/index.php/author/nebel/
12: https://hinterm-ziel.de/index.php/2021/07/13/avr-gdb-under-macos/
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